When is Kali Puja? Date, timing, significance, and puja rituals

Kali Puja, which is also known as Shyama Puja, honours the Hindu goddess Kali and falls during Diwali celebrations in India's eastern states. Devotees offer prayers and seek the blessings of Maa Kali, the personification of empowerment and protection, on the new moon night (Amavasya) in the month of Kartik.
When is Kali Puja celebrated?
The date for Kali Puja is determined based on the prevailing Amavasya tithi during midnight, unlike Diwali which considers Amavasya tithi during Pradosh.So in some years, Kali Puja falls one day before Diwali.

In 2023, Kali Puja will fall on Sunday, November 12. The Nishita time (midnight moment) is from 11:39 PM on November 12 to 12:32 AM on November 13. The Amavasya tithi begins at 2:43 PM on November 12.
Significance and legend behind Kali Puja
In Hindu mythology, Goddess Kali emerged from the forehead of Maa Durga during her battle with the demon Raktabija. Her fierce and terrifying form with a garland of skulls helped destroy the demons spreading evil. She symbolises the triumph of good over evil.

Kali Puja commemorates the divine power of the goddess and her role in protecting her devotees from negative forces. Performing Kali puja rituals and offering prayers is believed to receive the goddess' blessings and achieve moksha or salvation. It also signifies the attainment of spiritual enlightenment by removing ignorance and ego.
How is Kali Puja celebrated?
Kali Puja celebrations span over 3-4 days around the new moon night. Pandals are set up to house large Kali idols which are ornately decorated in red and golden hues, adorned with flowers and lighting.

On the main puja night, devotees gather at pandals at midnight dressed in traditional attire. The goddess is offered flowers, sweets, seasonal fruits and a blood-red hibiscus flower - considered dear to her. Chants, prayers and hymns praising the glory of Kali Maa and seeking her divine grace fill up the air. This culminates in a magnificent aarti and prasad distribution.
The night echoes with firecrackers and fireworks lighting up the sky. Cultural programs, drama and fairs are also hosted by communities to mark the occasion. The festive fervour and spiritual essence of Kali Puja is a unique experience for worshippers.
Kali Puja celebrations epitomise the vibrant culture and traditions of eastern India. The rituals, customs and grandeur pay tribute to the Supreme Mother who personifies courage and empowerment for her devotees.