Fresh-water fishes of Kampuchea A provisory annotated check-list Maurice Kottelat Laboratoire dlchthyologie, Keywords: Kampuchea, P.O. Box 46, 2764 Courrendlin, Switzerland fishes, freshwaters Abstract Two hundred and fifteen species in 127 genera and 47 families of inland water fishes are reported from Kampuchea. For each species the following data are given: scientific name, vernacular name in Khmer, references used, distribution and comments if any. 81 species in42 genera belong to the family Cyprinidae, for which a key is provided, and 41 species in 23 genera and 8 families belong to the order Siluriformes. Taxonomic modifications: Parachela maculicauda (Smith, 1934) and P. siamensis (Gunther, 1868) are distinct of P. oxygastroides (Bleeker, 1852); Rasborapalustris Smith, 1945 and R. kobonensis Chaudhuri, 19 13 are tentatively considered as synonyms of Parluciosoma daniconius (Hamilton, 1822); Rasbora espei Meinken, 1967 is distinct of R. heteromorpha Duncker, 1904. Rasborapaucisquamis Ahl, 1935 (?) is reported for the first time since its original description. Explanations of two particular zoogeographic patterns are presented. Introduction The first Indochinese fresh-water fishes were described by Cuvier and Valenciennes in their ‘Histoire Naturelle des Poissons’; these had been collected mainly in Cochinchina (a former name for the southernmost part of Viet Nam) and Siam (now Thailand). Subsequent to the establishment of French colonies in that area, several renowned nineteenth century explorers (e.g. Bocourt, Mouhot, Jullien, Harmand, Pavie) visited it and incidentally collected natural history specimens. Their fish collections have been described by Bleeker, Gunther, Sauvage, Vaillant, and others. In the course of this century, several publications dealt with the fish fauna of the Indochinese area (mainly by Pellegrin, Chevey, Fang, Durand, Fowler, Smith & Hora). Although Sauvage (1878 b) already considered that the Indochinese fresh-water ichthyofauna was well known, some 400 nominal species have since Hydrobiologia 0 Dr W. Junk 121,249-279 Publishers, (1985). Dordrecht. Printed in the Netherlands. been described and our current knowledge still is only superficial. This is essentially due to the political instability which has prevailed in that area in the last forty years. The better known ichthyofauna is the Thai one, for which we at least have the catalogue by Smith (1945). For the former French Indochina, we just have only lists (Chabanaud, 1926a, b; Chevey, 1932b) and scattered publications. From 1960 to 1964, Mr. F. d’Aubenton surveyed the ecology of fishes of the Tonlt Sap in Kampuchea, in charge of the UN0 Mekong Committee (d’Aubenton, 1965a). He took this opportunity to gather an interesting collection of fishes which have not been identified, with the exception of some small groups (d’Aubenton, 1965b; d’Aubenton & Blanc, 1965,1966,1967; Blanc& d’Aubenton, 1965; Blanc, d’Aubenton & Fourmanoir, 1965; Stauch, 1966; Stauch8z d’Aubenton, 1966; Desoutter, 1975, 1977). I have now completed the determination of this collection, and a list of the fishes hitherto known to inhabit Kampuchean inland waters is 250 given hereunder. It includes 215 species, of which I had the opportunity to examine 178 from Kampuchean localities. Two genera and eleven species may prove to be new and will be described in the near future. The whole collection is housed in the Musturn National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN), a few duplicates being retained in the author’s collection (CMK). A major problem I encountered lay in the fact that during World War II French and American authors often described the same species twice (Kottelat, 1983), and they often overlooked the work done by nineteenth century workers. This led to acute taxonomic problems, some of which still need to be resolved. Further problems arose as to the status of some species described during the last century by Sauvage and Tirant. Those described by Sauvage have recently been reviewed (Kottelat, in press a), and if the specific status of some could not be definitively determined, new generic allocations have been presented to clarify the situation and possible synonymies have been suggested. A similar review ofTirant’s species should be completed soon but additional difficulties have arisen due to the disappearance of most type specimens and the poor state of most of the extant ones. Unless the situation regarding these names has already been clarified, I prefer not to use them in the present work. The poor state of the taxonomy of some groups has not allowed very accurate determinations of Lobocheilus, Dangila, Kryptopterus, Pangasius and Gobiidae. In the present list, the following data are given for each species: name, author, vernacular name(s) (if known), references used, distribution in Kampuchea and abroad, comments if any. In brackets following the reference citation, I have indicated under which name the recognized taxa have been treated if different from the present treatment; in order to save space, both generic and specific names have been abbreviated if they are used more than once. If different from mine, locality data from the literature are given, the author being indicated in brackets; such data have been used for well characterized species only. From the d’Aubenton collection, localities like’km 138 on the road from A to B’ have been referred to as the nearest named place I found on maps. Species I have not seen are quoted from the literature but only if they are characterized well enough to reduce to a minimum the possibility of misidentification. The very numerous probable misidentifications existing in the literature are not discussed, unless nomenclatorial problems are involved. Of course, this list is not intended as a complete one, numerous species having certainly not yet been collected. My purpose while proposing this list is: a) to report the interesting collection of Mr. d’Aubenton, b) to give an impulse to new systematic research on Indochinese fishes which still are very superficially known (Kottelat, 1983; in press a), c) to provide a modern tool for future fishery biologists in a devastated country which possesseswaters that are among the most productive in the world. Most species may be determined using the keys in Smith (1945). Since the cyprinids have suffered many drastic modifications, I propose a new key for them. It does not include complete diagnoses; these may be found in the references given which include descriptions and illustrations, as far as possible. Throughout the text, I have used the term Indochina for Kampuchea, Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand and Burma. It has been argued that this name is improper and should not be used. In fact, it is used with the above meaning in encyclopedias in at least 10 modern languages. Only British ones never used it, possibly because it includes Burma, a part of the former Indian Empire; of course, it does not have the political meaning of the former Indochine Francaise herein. Indochina has also been used in zoogeographic discussions for nearly the same area by local biologists (e.g. Lekagul & McNeely, 1977). Thus I do not see any reason for not using it; moreover, Indochina is shorter than ‘Mainland South-East Asia’. Malaya is here used for Western Malaysia. Almost no attention has been paid to the numerous publications dealing with Kampuchean fisheries; most of them have been written by fishery biologists and it is very difficult to know how far one may trust their identifications. In fact, these identifications cannot be better than the available systematic works. One of the last of these papers is by Bardach (1959) who lists most of the former ones. Topography Kampuchea is a compact country (Fig. 1) lying between 10 and 14’ N and 102 and 108” E; it is 251 Fig. I. Kampuchea. Main places and rivers mentioned in text. aPhnom Penh, b Kompong Som (former Sianoukville), c Kompong Chhnang, d Battembang, e Siem Reap, fKompong Thorn, g Kratit, h Stung Treng, i Bourn Long, I Mae Khong, 2 Bassac, 3 Ton16 Sap, 4 Ton16 Khlong, 5 Tonle Srepok. and, at the Quatre Bras, water flows in every direction, including up the Tonll: Sap. This causes a raising of the water level of the lake from approximately 1.5 to 14-15 m, flooding 10000 km2 (the lake surface at the end of the dry season is approximately 2 700 km2). The flooded area consists mainly of savanna and dry deciduous forests in its growth period. The fishes invade this flooded forest and breed at this season. The lake represents the last vestiges of a wide inlet of the sea, which formerly occupied the south central portion of the Kampuchean lowlands and is now being filled by the rapid silting of the lower Mae Khong system. Most of Kampuchea is drained by the Mae Khong. The remaining area is drained by short rivers that flow into the Gulf of Thailand. Gazetteer of localities bordered by Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam and the Gulf of Thailand. The two main orographic features are the Dangrek Range in the North, forming the border withThailand, and the Cardamones Mountains along the Gulf of Thailand. Some small mountains belonging to fringes of the Annamite Cordillera are also found in the North East along the border with Laos and Viet Nam. From North to South, Kampuchea is crossed by the Mae Khong (also spelled Mekong, Mekong or Mae Nam Khong) which consists of a series of calm reaches interrupted by rapids or falls (like the Khone falls at the Khmer-Lao border and the rapids at Sambor), as far down as Kratit. From KratiC, the Mae Khong may be considered as entering its delta. In the vicinity of Phnom Penh, it divides into two arms, the Mae Khong proper and the Bassac. At this point, it also receives the Tonlt Sap. This point (which sometimes is erroneously considered to be the result of a river capture) is known as ‘Quatre Bras’ (Four Arms) in the former French literature and topography. The Quatre Bras has a very peculiar hydrological function which is responsible for the exceptional productivity of the Grand Lac (Great Lake, Bung Ton16 Sap) which it links to the Mae Khong. During the season of low waters in the main river (November to June), the lake drains via the Mae Khong to the South China Sea. During the season of high waters, the Mae Khong discharge rises from 15 000 to 60 000 ms s-t The names used in the present work are the ones existing on the original labels of Mr. d’Aubenton and the ones already published. They are listed below and, in brackets, I have given the name I found on the 1: 1 000 000 maps of the AMS 1301 series if different. The following prefixes are commonly used: Beng, Boeng Lake 0 Creek Ph, Phum Settlement Prek Stream which inverts the direction of its flow during the rainy season (the largest one is the Tonlt Sap) Stung Stream For a few places (Grand Lac, Quatre Bras, Bassac), I used the former French names as they still are commonly used in the literature. Angkor (Ph Angkor Krau): 13” 27’N, 103O 52’E. Areyksat (Ph Svay Att): 11’ 44’N, 105O OO’E; in front of Phnom Penh. Bat Nam: on the Bassac at the Khmer-Vietnamese border, IO0 57’ N, 105O 07’ E. Bassac: western branch of the Mae Khong after its splitting at Quatre Bras. Battembang (Batdambang): 13” 07’ N, 103O 13’ E. Beng Cha: upstream from the rapids of Sambor. Beng Kebal Damrey: a small lake 5 km NNW of Phnom Penh. Beng Tao: probably in the area of Phnom Penh or Snot Trou. Bokto (Ph Ba K&v): 13” 42’N, 107’= 13’ E. Bokor: mountainoftheCardamonesRange, IO0 37’N, 104°02’E. Bourn Long (Ph Bung Lung): 13O 42’ N, 107O 00’ E. 252 Cardamones: mountain range along the Gulf of Thailand. Grand Lac (Boeng Tonlt Sap): the central great lake. Kampong Rtat (Ph KAmpong Reap): 11’ 53’ N, lOSo 22’ E. Kampot: 10” 35’ N, 104’ II’ E. Kaskos: IO0 52’ N, lOSo 19’ E. Kompong Cham (Ph KampBng Cham): I lo 58’ N, 105O 28’ E. Kompong Churang (? Kompong Chnnang): 12” 14’ N, 104O 40’E. Kompong KlCang (Ph Kltang): 1 lo 21’ N, 104O 52’E. Kirikum: town on the Kirikum Plateau, approximately 1 lo 30’ N, 104O OO’E. Kranchmar (Ph Kroch Chhmar): 12” 17’ N, 105” 38’ E. Laos Cambodgien: a former name for the part of Kampuchea along the Mae Khong North of the Grand Lat. It is a very imprecise term, the area designated varying with different authors: for example, Sauvage( 1876) included Phnom Penh in Laos Cambodgien. Mae Khong (Mekong, Mekong, Mae Nam Khong): the large river crossing Kampuchea from North to South. 0 PO Kampon (? Kamphum): 11’ 54’ N, 106” 07’ E. Peam Chikang (Ph DBmnak Stray): 11’ 57’ N, 105“ 16’ E. Phnom Penh: 1 I” 33’N, 104” 55’ E. Phum Rey Shsach: settlement on the Mae Khong(near Phnom Penh?). Prek Men (Ph ThmP K6r): 11” 32’N, 105O 05’E. Quatra Bras: meeting of the Mae Khong, TonlC Sap and Bassac at Phnom Penh. Ratanakiri: settlement in the area of Bourn Long. Ream (Ph Phsar Ream): 10” 29’N, 104” 12’ E. Rocakong (Ph Wnldng Kaki): 1 I0 53’ N, 105O 00’ E. Sambor (Ph Bay Samnon): 12’ 48’N, 105’ 59’E. Stkong (Tome Khong): a tributary of the Mae Khong entering at Stung Treng. Sianoukville (Kompong Som): 10” 37’ N, 103O 30’E. Siem Reap: 13’ 21’ N, 103O 52’ E. Skoum (Ph Sk&r): 12” 05’N, 105O 05’E. Snot Trou (Ph Chhnck Tru): IZ” 28’N, 104O 27’ E. Spean Tros: 54 km from Phnom Penh on the road to Kompong Cham. Srtpok (Tonlt SrepBk): a tributary of the Mae Khong entering at Stung Treng. Srt Umbel (Ph Sr$ Ambel): 11’ 06’ N, 103” 47’ E. Stung Chinit: a tributary oftheTonlC Sap, entering at 12” 14’N, 104” 46’ E. Stung Chihrang: a tributary of the Toni& Sap. Stung 0 Krien (Prek Krien): river entering the Mae Khong at 13O 02’ N, 106’ OS’ E. Stung PO Ben: stream on the road from Phnom Penh to Kompong Thorn. Stung Sang: stream on the road from Phnom Penh to Kompong Cham. Stung Santrea: river flowing through Pursat (Pouthisat) 12O 30’ N, 103O 56’ E. Stung Sen: tributary of the Tonle Sap, entering Stung Chinit at 12O 26’N, 104’= 51’E. Stung Tong Hong: stream at km 77 on the road from Phnom Penh to Sianoukville; tributary of the TonlC Sap. Stung Treng (Stoeng Treng): 15O 33’N, lOSo 58’ E. Takeo: 10” 59’ N, 104’ 48’ E. Tonlt Sap: main western tributary ofthe Mae Khongin Kampuchea, entering at Phnom Penh; the Grand Lac is an enlargement of it. Tuk Sap: a marsh in the forest, on the road from Phnom Penh to Sianoukville, in the Tonle Sap drainage. Zoogeography Most of the fish species occurring in the Mae Khong in Kampuchea also occur in its drainage in Laos, Thailand and the South of Viet Nam, as is to be expected. Although it might be too early for thorough zoogeographical discussions, some distribution patterns seem interesting enough to be noted. Some genera and species seem to occur in the lower Mae Khong drainage (sensu Taki & Katsuyama, 1979) (Puntioplites bulu, Nedbarynotus microlepis, Hemisilurus heterorhynchus, Thryssocypris tonlesapensis) while they or close relatives also occur in Borneo. These drainage systems were linked during Pleistocene glaciations (Molengraaf, 1921) and these taxa probably were continuous across the Sunda Shelf. As they seem to inhabit mainly large rivers in their lower reaches, they might have disappeared subsequently to marine transgression and a high sealevel (up to 8 meters above the present, according to Lekagul& McNeely, 1977). They might have subsisted only in a few drainage systems where they succeeded in colonizing upper reaches, later recolonizing the lower reaches. Thryssocypris smaragdina Roberts dt Kottelat, 1984 is still known from the Upper Kapuas only. Some species and genera (Barbus pentazona, Rasborapauciperforata, Silurichthys) inhabit small water bodies along the Cardamones Mountains in Kampuchea and South-East Thailand, are unknown in Central Thailand but occur in Malaysia and Indonesia. This distribution pattern is also met in the Rasbora heteromorpha group, where R. heteromorpha occurs on the Malay Peninsula, R. espei in Kampuchea and South-East Thailand and R. hengeh’ on Sumatra. This distribution pattern may also be due to former drainage connections on the Sunda Shelf. It corresponds more or less to the 25 o C January isotherm, the 1500 mm annual isohyet (Ogino, 1967; Geisler et al., 1979) and to annual temperature variations below 5 ‘C which are responsible for the presence of evergreen rain forest 253 (sensu Lekagul & McNeely, 1977) which in turn is responsible for the presence of black waters. Black waters are known as an important ecological limiting factor in South America and Africa (Roberts, 1972). The families Sisoridae, Cobitidae, Homalopteridae and Akysiidae, which typically inhabit swift streams and creeks, rapids and mountain rivulets, have developed endemic species in most drainage systems as in most South-East Asia. Index to the vernacular names The following vernacular names are used. Some have been recorded in the field by Mr. d’Aubenton; several are from the literature, mainly Bardach (1959) whose spellings are followed. Vietnamese names may be found in Bardach. A few Laotian names are used in the North along the Mae Khong. Trey is the Khmer prefix meaning fish; Pa (Pla) is the equivalent prefix in Lao (Thai). Khmer name (latin transcription) Scientific Antong Pa R&Y Pa Sa-Y Pa Va Trey Ach Kok Trey Ampil Turn Trey Ancat Prac Trey Andat ChhkC Trey Andat Pi Trey And&g Trey Andeng Koi Trey Anko Prak Trey Bandaul Ampauv Trey Bandaul chek Trey Ca Moi Trey Chakeng Trey Changwar Mu01 Trey Changwar Phlieng Trey Changwar Ronung Trey Chay Krapoeu Trey Chant&as Phluk Monopterus albus Mekongina erythrospila Labeo dyocheilus Labeo dyocheilus Labiobarbus cuvieri Barbus orphoides Neobarynotus microlepis Cynoglossus microlepis Barbichthys nitidus Clarias batrachus Plotosus canius Barbus brevis Clupeichthys goniognathus Gyrinocheilus spp. Tenualosa thibaudeaui Puntioplites proctozysron Parluciosoma dusonensis Esomus metallicus Lobocheilus sp. Microphis boaja Parachela oxygastroides, Paralaubuca spp. Bagroides macracanthus, B. macropterus Channa micropeltes adult Rhizopriodon acutus Mystus nemurus, Leiocassis stenomus Trey Chek Trey Trey Trey Chhdor Chhlam Chhlang Turn name (?) (Continued). Khmer name (Latin transcription) Trey Chhlaunh TreyChhviet Trey Trey Trey Chkok Chkok Chmar Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Choh Lonh Moan Chouchus Thmar Chpin Chrllang Dampul Bay Damrey Tituy Trey Dang Ktong, Trey Dankhttng Trey Dang Dau, Trey Daungdiro Trey Diep Trey Eteok Trey Kablk Trey Kachanchras Trey Kabo Trey Kahb Trey Kahek Trey Kampoul Bay Trey Kanchoc Kandor Trey Kanchon Chey Trey Kanchos Trey Kanchos Chhnaut Trey Konchos Kdaung Trey Kanchos Thmar Trey Kanchrut Trey Kanlang Trey Kano Trey Kanphleanh Phluk Trey Kanphleanh Samre Trey Kanthor Trey Kantrang Preng Trey Kantrop Trey Kaok Trey Kateang Phluk Trey Kb Trey Khchoeung Trey Khmau, Trey Khman Trey Khoan Trey Khya Trey Khla Trey Kiet Srang Trey Klang Hay Trey Knuoch Trey KBchrea Macrognatus aculeatus, Mastacembelus armatus Pteropangasius cultratus, Pangasius sp. Cyclocheilichthys enoplos Albulichthys albuloides Lycothrissa crocodilus. Setipinna melanochir Coiha spp. Leiocassis siamensis Barbus gonionothus Leptobarbus hoeveni juvenile Cosmochilus harmandi Botia beauforti, Oxyeleotris marmorata Macrochirichthys macrochirus Luciosoma bleekeri Channa micropeltes juvenile Labiobarbus lineatus Tenualosa thibaudeaui Chanda sp. Microphis boaja Barbus altus Labeo chrysophekadion Cosmochilus harmandi Hemipimelodus daugueti Channa lucius Mystus vittatus Mystus cavasius Heierobagrus bocourti Leiocassis siamensis Botia helodes, Botia modesta Cirrhinus mierolepis juvenile Catlocarpio siamensis Trichogaster microlepis Trichogaster trichopcerus Trichogaster pectoralis Chanda worffi Pristolepis fasciata Hemipimelodus spp. Paralaubuca typus Pangasius sp. Masiacembelus spp. Hampala macrolepidota Glossogobius aureus Mystus aubentoni (?) Datnioides microlepis, Nandus nebulosus Balantiocheilus melanopcerus Belodontichchys dinema Leptobarbus hoeveni juvenile Puntioplites bulu 254 (Continued). (Continued). Khmer name (latin transcription) Scientific Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Kol Prik Kolreang Komear KomphlCang Kompliev Kombot Chrimos Koncheak Sla Krabey Krainam Kray Kranh Trey Trey Krlpoat Krepot Bat-bus orphoides Catlocarpio siamensis adult Gyrinocheilus spp. Trichogaster trichopterus Kryptopterus cryptopterus Amblyrhynchichthys iruncatus Toxotes spp. Bagarius bagarius Ompok bimaculatus Notopterus chitala Anabas testudineus, Pristolepis fasciata Wallago attu juvenile Chonerhinus nefastus. Monotreta Trey Krom, Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Kros Kros Menay Kros Phnom Ku01 Chek Kzos Lenh Trey PLbel, Trey Pama Trey Para Trey Phtoung, Phtaung Trey Trey Kroum Prabel name SPP. Osteochilus melanopleura. 0. hasselti, 0. microcephalus Notopterus chitaia Thynnichthys thynnoides Acrossocheilus deauratus Epalzeorhynchus frenatus Osteochilus microcephalus Thynnichthys thynnoides Cirrhinus jullieni Labiobarbus lineatus Himantura imbricata, Himantura krempfi Boesemania microlepis Labeo dyocheilus Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Phtuok Pkar Kor Pra Prabel, Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Pralung Priem PO PO Pruy PO Thmau Trlchiek Pruol Pruol Kmor Pruol Thmlr Ras Reach, Trey Riech Real, Trey Riel Trey Trey Trey Trey Trey Ruschtk ? Rolok Sar Sam LBi Samok Sanday Plbel Xenentodon cancila, Hyporhamphus limbatus Channa striata juvenile Barbichthys nitidus Pangasius spp. Himantura imbricata, Himantura krempfi Leptobarbus hoeveni adult Polynemus paradiseus Pangasius spp. Pangasius sp. Pangasius larnaudi Cirrhinus microlepis Labeo dyocheilus Barbichthys laevis Channa striata adult Pangasianodon gigas Amblyrhynchichthys truncatus, Albulichthys albuloides. Cirrhinus jullieni Acanthopsis dialurona Osteochilus hasselti, 0. schlegeli Tenualosa thibaudeaui Gyrinocheilus spp. Wallago attu adult Khmer name (latin transcription) Scientific Trey Paralaubuca typus. Scomberomorus sinensis Pangasius spp. Notopterus notopterus Parachela siamensis Lates calcarifer Raiamas guitatus S bay Ka Trey S hvtat Trey Slat Trey Sleek Russey Trey Spong Trey Srlka Kto Trey Sraka Kolam, Sraka Kdam Trey Taon Trey Tasel Trey Temprauk Trey Thka Trey Thmar Trey Tim Proeak Trey Tong Phluk Trey Trasak name Trey Cyclocheilichthys repasson Ompok bimaculatus Mystus nemurus Raiamas guttatus Pristis microdon Gyrinocheilus spp. Mystacoleucus marginatus Paralaubuca typus Probarbus jullieni Systematic section Family CARCHARHINIDAE Rhizopriodon acutus (Riippell, 1837) Trey Chhlam Chevey, 1936 (Scoliodon sarrakowah). Distribution: Grand Lac(Chevey). - Indo-Pacific area. Family PRISTIDAE Pristis microdon Latham, 1794 Trey Thka Chevey, 1936. Distribution: Grand Lac(Chevey). - Indo-Pacific area. Family DASYATIDAE Himantura imbricata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Trey Prabel, Trey PBbel Chevey, 1936 (Dasyatis i.). Distribution: Grand Lac(Chevey). - Indo-Pacific area. Himantura krempji (Chabanaud, 1923) Trey Prabel, Trey Plbel Chabanaud, 1923a [Dasybatus (H.) k.]; Compagno & Roberts, 1982: 325. Distribution: Phnom Penh (Chabanaud), Grand Lac (Chevey, 1936). 255 Family CLUPEIDAE Clupeichthys goniognathus Bleeker, 1855 ? Trey Blndaul Ampaw Taki, 1974a: 48, Fig. 49 (Corica sp.); 1975: 79, Fig. Ic. Distribution: TonlC Sap (Durand, 1940) Phnom Penh (Taki. 1975). - Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand, Sumatra. Remark: Possibly C. aesarnensis Wongratana, 1983. Corica laciniata Fowler, 1935 Fowler, 1935: 92, Fig. 11. - Whitehead, 1969: 239 (C. soborna p.p.). - Wongratana, 1979: 149; 1983: 386. Distribution: Stung Chihrang. - India, Sumatra, Singapore, Malaysia, Borneo, Thailand. Tenualosa thibaudeaui (Durand, 1940) Trey Ca Moi, Trey Kabbk, Trey Sam Loi Durand, 1940: 6, Pl. 1 [Clupea (Alosa) t.]. - Taki, 1974a: 47, Fig. 48 (Hilsa kanagurta). Distribution: TonltSap; PhnomPenh(Durand). - Mae Khong drainage in Laos and Thailand. Remark: The determination of this species has been confirmed by Dr. T. Wongratana. Family ENGRAULIDAE Coilia lindmani Bleeker, 1858 Distribution: Tonlt? Sap. -Gulf ofThailand, Viet Nam, Java Sea. Remark: This species has been identified by Dr. T. Wongratana. Bardach (1959) gives Trey Chon Lonh Moan as the vernacular name of C. macrognathos. It is not known if this identification is correct. Lycothrissa crocodilus (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Chmar Whitehead: 1969: 262, Fig. 43. Distribution: Ton16 Sap. - Borneo, Thailand, Viet Nam, Sumatra, Java, Malaysia; marine and fresh waters. Remark: Identification confirmed by Dr. T. Wongratana. Setipinna melanochir (Bleeker, 1849) Trey Chmar Whitehead: 1969: 269, Fig. 51. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Thailand, Malaysia, Viet Nam, Borneo, Java, Sumatra; marine and fresh waters. Remark: This species has been determined by Dr. T. Wongratana. Family OPHICHTHYIDAE Ophichthus rutidoderma Bleeker, 1852 Durand, 1940: 32 Distribution: Phnom Penh, Tonli: Sap (Durand). - Java. Remark: Confirmation of Durand’s determination by a competent eel taxonomist is needed. Family OSTEOGLOSSIDAE Scleropages formosus (Mtiller & Schlegel, 1844) Blanc 8z d’Aubenton, 1965: 397, Fig. 1. Distribution: SrC Umbel, Kampot (Blanc & d’Aubenton). - Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo. Family NOTOPTERIDAE Notopterus blanci d’Aubenton, 1965 d’Aubenton, 1965b: 261, Fig. 1. Distribution: Beng Cha (d’Aubenton). Thailand. - Laos, Notopterus chitala (Hamilton, 1822) Trey Kray, Trey Kros Smith, 1933: 245, Pl. 8. - Taki, 1974a: 45, Fig. 46. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Stung Treng. - Indochina, Bangla Desh, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Notopterus notopterus (Pallas, 1769) Trey Slat Taki, 1974a: 46, Fig. 47. Distribution: Phnom Penh, Tonli: Sap, Ream. Indochina, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, India, Bangla Desh. Burma. Family CYPRINIDAE 1. -Upper lip not separated from snout by a groove but continuous with skin of snout; mouth conspicuously inferior (Fig. 2a) . . . .2 -Upper lip separated from skin of rostrum by a deep groove; base of upper lip more or less covered by a pendulous rostra1 fold (Fig. 2b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2. -Lower lip modified into a circular or elliptical sucking disc (Fig. 2~). . . . . . . Garra taeniata -Lower lip not modified into a sucking disc . .3 3. -Branched dorsal rays 10-l I . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 256 A a9 5c u ujLlj Fig. 2. Kampuchea cyprinids. Schematic illustration lobe, MT: mouth rictus, rb: rostra1 barbel, rk rostra1 of some characters used in the key. g: groove, Ij: lowerjaw, II: lower lobe, s: snout, sk: symphysal knob, uj: upper jaw, UC upper lip. -Branched dorsal rays 8; no rostra1 pores or tubercles . . . . . . . . Crossocheilus reticulatus 4. -One pair of rostra1 barbels; a movable lobe on rostrum (rostra1 lobe, Fig. 2d); body and fins blackish, except pale or red dorsal and caudal fins . . . . . . . . . . . Epalzeorhynchus frenatus -No barbels; no rostra1 lobe; body and fins brownish, each scale with a reddish spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mekongina erythrospila lip, ml; median 5. -Abdomen compressed into a sharp keel or anchovy-like body; no barbels; dorsal fin inserted opposite anal fin or opposite space between anal and ventral fins; 12-48 branched anal rays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 -Abdomen rounded or flat, not compressed into asharp keel... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 6. - Predorsal scales extending between eyes. . .7 -Predorsal scales not extending between eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I............... 10 257 7. -More than 115 scales along lateral line. .... Macrochirichthys macrochirus ........... -Less than 80 scales along lateral line. .... .8 8. - A dark spot on each caudal lobe; SL less than 60 mm ............ Parachela maculicauda -No black spot on each caudal lobe; SL up to 120mm.. ............................ . 9. -Dorsal origin slightly in advance of anal fin; slightly marked nuchal concavity (Fig. 3a) . . Parachela siamensis .................... -Dorsal origin distinctly after anal origin; wellmarked nuchal concavity (Fig. 3 b) ........ ................. Parachela oxygastroides 10. -Dorsal fin beginning after origin of anal fin . . 11 .................................... -Dorsal fin beginning in front of anal fin .. .13 1 I. -Body depth more than 7 times in SL; 43-46 scales along lateral line .................. Thryssocypris tonlesapensis .............. -Body depth less than 4 times in SL; 31-37 scales along lateral line ............... .12 12. -Body depth 2.15-2.25 times in SL; 22-23 branched anal rays . Chela caeruleostigmata -Bodydepth2.8-3.6 times inSL; 17-21 branchChela laubuca ed anal rays ............... 13. -Pelvic fin base nearer to head than to anal fin; 74-75 scales along lateral line; about 100 branchiospines on first gill-arch. .......... Longiculter siahi ....................... -Pelvic fin base much nearer to anal fin than to head; 55-87 scales along lateral line; less than 50 branchiospines on first gill-arch ..... .14 14. -56-64 scales along lateral line. ............ Paralaubuca typus ..................... - 75-87 scales along lateral line. ............ .................. Paralaubuca harmandi 15. - Symphysal knob on lower jaw (Fig. 2e) .. .16 -No symphysal knob on lower jaw ...... .28 16. -One or two pairs of barbels ........... .17 18 -No barbels ........................... ... Luciosoma bleekeri 17. -6 branched anal rays -10-13 branched anal rays ................ Brachydanio albolineatus ................ 18. - 14 circumpeduncular scales ........... .I9 - 12 or less circumpeduncular scales ..... .20 19. -Complete lateral line .................... ................ Parluciosoma dusonensis -Incomplete lateral line, piercing approximately 20 scales . . Parluciosoma daniconius .21 20. -Lateral line incomplete or absent. ...... -Complete lateral line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 21. -A large black triangular patch on side, its base between dorsal and pelvics, its apex toward caudal peduncle . . . . . . . . . . . Rasbora espei -No such black triangular patch on side. . .22 22. -A dark spot at the extremity of each caudal lobe and a black blotch on caudal base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rasbora cf. trilineata - Caudal fin not marked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 23. -Body depth 4.1-4.7 times in SL; less than 10 perforated scales on lateral line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rasbora pauciperforata -Body depth 3.0-3.7 times in SL; more than 10 perforated scales on lateral line . . . . . . . . .24 24. -A longitudinal dark stripe on body, interrupted to form a point on caudal base (Fig. 2f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rasbora urophthalma -Longitudinal dark stripe not interrupted to formapointoncaudalbase . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 25. - A regular black stripe on body, on a yellowish background . . . . . . . . Rasbora borapetensis -An anteriorly diffuse brown stripe on a darkish background. . Rasbora cf. bankanensis 26. -Each caudal lobe with a terminal or subterminal bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rasbora trilineata -Caudal fin without markings . . . . . . . . . . .27 27. -A well-marked mid-lateral stripe from opercle to caudal base, expanded into an oval spot at extremity of caudal peduncle; 27-32 scales along lateral line. . . . . . . Rasbora sumatrana -Mid-lateral stripe not well marked, not expanded in an oval spot at the extremity of caudal peduncle; 22-25 scales along lateral line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rasbora paucisquamis 28. -Maxillary barbels very long, reaching at least pelvic base; no osseous anal or dorsal ray; lateral line abruptly bent downward, piercing less than 20 scales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 -Maxillary barbels not reaching opercle. . .30 29. -Rostra1 barbels reaching well behind eye; a narrow dark gray line from head to base of caudal fin, seldom very distinct . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Esomus goddardi -Rostra1 barbels reaching to middle of eye; a black band from eye to base of caudal fin, always very distinct posteriorly . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Esomus metallicus 30. -A procumbent predorsal spine present (Fig. 2g); 7 or more branched anal rays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mystacoleucus marginatus 258 -No procumbent predorsal spine. . . . . . . . .3 1 3 I. -Lateral line running in lower part of caudal peduncle and terminating below mid-base of caudal fin; 7-8 branched dorsal rays; no osseous denticulated simple dorsal ray. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leptobarbus hoeveni -Lateral line terminating at mid-base of caudal fin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 32. -Head with numerous lines of pores in parallel groups (Fig. 2h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 -Head without such lines of pores.. . . . . . .37 33. -More than 9 branched dorsal rays; 56-60 scales along lateral line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Neobarynotus microlepis -8 or less branched dorsal rays; less than 40 scales along lateral line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 34. -Lateral line with all or some tubes bifid or trifid (Fig. 2i) . . . Cyclocheilichthys enoplos -Lateral line with all tubes simple . . . . . . . .35 35. -No barbels.. . . . . Cyclocheihchthys apogon -Barbels present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 36. -One pair of maxillary barbels; 16 circumpeduncular scales; a large round blackish spot at caudal base. . . Cyclocheilichthys armatus -One pair of maxillary and one pair of rostra1 barbels; 20 circumpeduncular scales; no dark spot at caudal base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cyclocheilichthys repasson 37. -Mouth ventral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 -Mouth anterior or subanterior. . . . . . . . . .46 38. -Last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated behind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 -Last simple dorsal ray non-osseous and smooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...40 39. -Branched gill-rakers; snout rounded with a large median lobe (Fig. 2h); mouth above lower level of eyes; nostrils nearer to eyes than to tip of snout. . . . . . . . . . Sikukia stejnegeri -Gill-rakers not branched; snout obliquely truncate, with a small median lobe (Fig. 2h); mouth below lower level of eyes; nostrils nearer to tip of snout than to eye.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amblyrhynchichthys truncatus 40. -Suborbital bones enlarged, covering most of cheek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbichthys nitidus -Suborbital bones not enlarged . . . . . . . . . .41 4 1. - 8-9 branched dorsal rays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 - lo-18 branched dorsal rays . . . . . . . . . . . .44 42. -Superficial part of lower lip consisting of a thick fleshy pad which completely covers the 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 5 1. 52. deeper part medianly and laterally (Fig. 2 k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...*.... 43 -Lower lip joined to isthmus, with a posterior groove, which is medianly interrupted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Henicorhynchus siamensis -Body depth 3-4 times in SL; only small tubercles on snout; a single wide lateral stripe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lobocheilus melanotaenia -Body depth more than 4 times in SL; large tubercles on snout; a major median lateral stripe and several thinner ones above and below . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lobocheilus rhabdoura - 15- 18 branched dorsal rays; lower lip entirely separated from isthmus by a deep groove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Labeo chrysophekadion -10-15 branched dorsal rays; lower lip joined to isthmus . . . . . . ..I.................. 45 -Snout rounded, with small tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Labeo dyocheilus -Snout with a median transversal groove, with rows of large tubercles. . . . . Bangana pierrei -Lower lip with a posterior groove forming a pocket that opens backwards (Fig. 21); upper lip crenulated; last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated; no barbels; dorsal, anal, caudal and pelvic fins black edged.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balantiocheilus melanopterus -Lower lip without such a pocket . . . . . . . .47 -A well developed gelatinous or adipose eyelid; 8 branched dorsal rays; last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Albulichthys albuloides -No well developed annular eyelid . . . . . . .48 -More than 21 branched dorsal rays. . . . . .49 -Les than 20 branched dorsal rays . . . . . . .50 -16 circumpeduncular scales; head 4.4-4.5 times in SL; body with 6-9 dark longitudinal stripes . . . . . . . . . . . . . Labiobarbus Iineatus - 18-22 circumpeduncular scales; head 4.7-5.2 times in SL; body with longitudinal dark lines and a black spot on caudal peduncle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Labiobarbus cuvieri - 1 l-1 8 branched dorsal rays; lips papillated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 -Less than 10 branched dorsal rays.. . . . . .57 -More than 45 scales along lateral line . . . .52 -Less than 38 scales along lateral line. . . . .53 -45-54 scales along lateral line; 16-18 branched dorsal rays . . . Osteochilus melanopleura - 53-60 scales along lateral line; 1l- 13 branch- 259 ed dorsal rays . . . . . . . . Cirrhinus microlepis 53. -Lower lip thin, not papillated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cirrhinus jullieni -Lower lip thick, strongly papillated. . . . . .54 54. - Circumpeduncular scales 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Osteochilus schlegeli -Circumpeduncular scales 16 or less . . . . . .55 55. -Each scale of back and side with a black spot forming longitudinal lines; a round black spot on caudal peduncle . . . . Osteochilus hasselti -A black longitudinal band from head to cauda1 fin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...56 56. -Longitudinal band extending to tip of median caudal rays; belly blackish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Osteochilus waandersi -Longitudinal band never extending as far back as tip of median caudal rays; belly not blackish . . . . . . . Osteochilus microcephalus 57. -58-65 scales along lateral line; upper lip, barbels and gill-rakers absent; branched dorsal rays 6-10; last simple dorsal ray non-osseous and smooth. . . . . . Thynnichthys thynnoides -23-60 scales along lateral line; upper lip present . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 58. -Lips fringed; 37-38 scales along lateral line; last simple dorsal ray strongly ossified and denticulated; in large specimens, lateral line tubes are bifid or branched. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmochilus harmandi -Lips entire or only upper lip fringed or crenulated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 59. -Mouth large, maxillary extending to or beyond vertical of front margin of eye . . . . .60 -Mouth small, maxillary not extending to vertical of front margin of eye. . . , . . . . . . . . .64 60. -Head 2.5 times in SL; last simple dorsal ray osseous and smooth; no barbels; 9 branched dorsal rays. . . . . . . . . . Catlocarpio siamensis -Head at least 3.5 times in SL . . . . . . . . . . .61 61. -Last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...62 -Last simple dorsal ray non-osseous and smooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 62. -Adult with a blackish cross bar or blotch between anterior dorsal rays and pelvic fins; each caudal lobe with a black marginal longitudinal band; caudal lobes of equal length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hampala macrolepidota -Adult with a roundish blackish spot above lateral line between dorsal and pelvic fins; no 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. black margin band on caudal lobes which are distally diffused blackish; lower caudal lobe the longer ............... Hampala dispar -44-48 scales along lateral line. ............ ...................... Raiamas guttatus -32-33 scales along lateral line. ............ ...................... Barilius koratensis -No groove posterior to lower lip which is continuous with skin of throat; no barbels; last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated; 36-40 scales along lateral line ...... .65 -A groove posterior to lower lip (Fig. 2m) . .66 - 13 branched dorsal rays ................. ............... Scaphognathops stejnegeri -9 branched dorsal rays .................. ............ Scaphognathops bandanensis -Pharyngeal teeth uniserial; only maxillary barbels; last simple dorsal ray osseous and smooth; 9 branched dorsal rays; body marked with longitudinal stripes . . Probarbus jullieni - Pharyngeal teeth biserial or triserial .... .67 -Lower lip conspicuously separated from lower jaw which has a horny sheath; snout and cheeks beset with horny tubercles; four barbels (Fig. 2m) .... Acrossocheilus deauratus -Lower lip closely adnate to lower jaw or separated by a superficial sulcus ......... .68 -Last simple anal ray stout, osseous; no barbels ................................ 69 -Last simple anal ray weak ............. .70 -Last simple anal ray denticulated ......... ............... Puntioplites proctozysron -Last simple anal ray smooth. ............. ....................... Puntioplites bulu -Two barbels ........................ .71 -Fourbarbels......................... 3 -Incomplete lateral line. .................. .................. Barbus partipentazona -Complete lateral line ................. .72 -Last simple dorsal ray osseous and smooth . . .......................... Barbus brevis -Last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated ............. Barbus stigmatosomus -Body with six vertical black bars, including one through eye and one at base of caudal fin ...................... Barbus pentazona -Body without vertical bars ............ .74 -Less than 28 scales along lateral line. ... .75 -More than 29 scales along lateral line ... .76 - 12 scales around caudal peduncle; body with a 260 series of black spots above lateral line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbus binotatus - 14 scales around caudal peduncle; body plain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbus pierrei 76. -29-32 scales along lateral line; 6 branched anal rays; barbels minute; body plain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbus gonionothus -More than 32 scales along lateral line; 5 branched anal rays; barbels well developed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 77. -5-5s scales between lateral line and dorsal origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbus orphoides - 8-9 scales between lateral line and dorsal origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...78 78. -A broad black submarginal band on each caudal lobe; 35-36 scales along lateral line; 15-20 serrae on last simple dorsal ray. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbus schwanefeldi -Caudal fin plain; 32 scales along lateral line; 5-12 serrae on last simple dorsal ray. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbus altus Acrossocheilus deauratus (Valenciennes, 1842) Trey Kros Phnom Sauvage, 1881: 183, Pl. 6, Fig. 5 (Barbus d.). Smith, 1931: 14 (Poropuntius normanQ. Distribution: Battembang, Ratanakiri, Bourn Long, Kompot. - Thailand, Viet Nam. Albulichthys albuloides (Bleeker, 1855) Trey Chhkok Tituy; Trey Real Weber& de Beaufort, 1916: 107, Fig. 47. - Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927: 304, Fig. 1 (A. krempfl. Distribution: Stung Chihreng, Tonlt Sap; Phnom Penh (Pellegrin & Chevey); Grand Lac (Chevey, 1936). - Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra. Remark: A. krempf Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927 is a synonym of A. albuloides (Kottelat, in prep.). Amblyrhynchichthys truncatus (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey Kombot Chramos, Trey Real, Trey Riel, Trey Pruol Thmlr Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 105, Fig. 46. - Smith, 1945: 229, Fig. 41. Distribution: Ton16 Sap, Stkongat StungTreng; Phnom Penh (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927). - Thailand, Viet Nam, Borneo, Sumatra. Balantiocheilus melanopterus (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey Kiet Srang Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 206, Fig. 76. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Kompong Kltang. Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Sumatra, Borneo. - Bangana pierrei (Sauvage, 1880) Sauvage, 1880: 179, PI. 5, Fig. 2 (Lobocheilusp.). Fowler, 1937: 206, Figs. 1755176 (Labeo behri). Taki, 1974a: 153, Fig. 148 (La. b.). Distribution: road from Kratie to Saigon, km 224. - Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Remark: Labeo behri Fowler, 1937 is a synonym of B. pierrei and Tylognathus Heckel, 1842 is a synonym of Bangana Hamilton, 1822 (Kottelat, in press). Barbichthys nitidus Sauvage, 1878 Trey Andat Pi, Trey Pkar Kor Taki, 1974a: 149, Fig. 145 (B. laevis). - Banarescu, 1980a: 98, Figs. 3-4 (B.1.n.). - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Battembang. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand. Barbus Cuvier & Cloquet, 18 16 Remark: Awaiting the publication of a serious world revision of barbs, I follow the modus vivendi proposed by Myers (1960) in using Barbus. Barbus altus Gunther, 1868 Trey Kaho, Trey Kaht Taki, 1974a: 124, Fig. 121 (Puntius a.). Distribution: Stung Sang, Sekong at Stung Treng, Tonle Sap. - Laos, Thailand. Barbus binotatus Valenciennes, 1842 Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 186, Fig. 74 (Puntius b.). - Fowler, 1934a: 122, Figs. 79-80. - Menon, 1955a: 16, Fig. 4 (P.b.). Distribution: Bourn Long, Tuk Sap, Sianoukville, 0 PO Kampon, Kirikum. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, Malaysia, Java, Bali, Borneo, Sumatra, Philippines. Barbus brevis (Bleeker, 1850) Trey Anko Prak Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 176, Fig. 70 (Puntius b.). - Smith, 1945: 172 (P. leiacanthus). - Taki, 1974a: 124, Fig. 127 (P.L). Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, 0 PO Kampon, Stung Chihreng, Stung Sang, Tonlt Sap, Bourn Long. - Laos, Thailand, Java. 261 Barbus gonionothus Bleeker, 1850 Trey Chpin Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 197 (Puntius javanicus). - Smith, 1945: 188 (P.g.). - Taki, 1974a: 128, Fig. 125 (P.j.). Distribution: Battembang. - Thailand, Laos, Java, Borneo, Sumatra. Smith, 1931: 16, Fig. 7; 1945: 155, Fig. 23 (B. nanensis ?), 159, Fig. 24. Distribution: Stung Santrea, Battembang. -Thailand, Laos. Remarks: Barilius nanensis Smith, 1945 is possibly just a synonym of B. koratensis (see also Howes, 1983). Barbus orphoides Valenciennes, 1842 Trey Kol Prik, Trey Ampil Turn Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 193 (Puntius 0.). Smith, 1945: 190, Pl. 5 (P.o.). - Taki, 1974a: 126, Fig. 123 (P.o.). Distribution: Siem Reap, Tonli: Sap, Battembang. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Burma, Borneo, Java. Brachydanio albolineatus (Blyth, 1860) Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 84, Fig. 31 (Danio a.). Hora & Mukerji, 1934: 130 (D.a.). Distribution: 0 PO Kampon, Bourn Long, Snot Trou, Tuk Sap, Kirikum, Sianoukville, Bokto, Srt Umbel. - Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Burma. Barbus partipentazona Fowler, 1934 Fowler, 1934b: 344, Fig. 8 Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Tonlt Skoum. - Thailand, Viet Nam, Malaya. Sap, Barbus pentazona Boulenger, 1894 Boulenger, 1894: 248. - Weber& de Beaufort, 1916: 181, Fig. 73. (Puntius hexazona). Distribution: Tuk Sap. - Viet Nam, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia. Barbus pierrei Sauvage, 1880 Sauvage, 1880: 183, Pl. 7, Fig. 2. -Smith, 1934: 312 [Puntius (Barbodes) darupharul. - Taki, 1974a: 129, Fig. 126 (P.d.). - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Viet Nam, Laos, Yunnan, Thailand, Malaysia. Barbus schwanefeldi Bleeker, 1853 Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 178 (Puntius s.). Smith, 1945: 190, Pl. 4 (P.s.). - Taki, 1974a: 125, Fig. 122 (P.s.). Distribution: Srtpok, Tonlt Sap, Battembang, Siem Reap. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra. Barbus stigmatosomus (Smith, 1931) Smith, 1931: 13, Fig. 7 (Puntius s.); 1945: 175, Fig. 27 (P.s.). - Taki, 1974a: 122, Fig. 120 (P.s.). Distribution: Stung 0 Krien, Stung PO Ben. Laos, Thailand. Barilius koratensis Smith, 1931 Catlocarpio siamensis Boulenger, 1898 Trey Kaho, Trey KanoCjuv.), Trey Kolreang(adult) Boulenger, 1898: 450. - Fowler, 1937: 179, Figs. 116-117. - Smith, 1945: 117 (key; text ambiguous). Distribution: Mae Khong at Kranchmar, TonlC Sap, Beng Kebal Damrey. - Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos. Chela caeruleostigmata Smith, 1931 Smith, 1931: 5, Fig. 3; 1945: 79, Fig. 3. Distribution: Stung Sen. - Thailand. Chela laubuca (Hamilton, 1822) Silas, 1958: 70, Pl. 1. - Taki, 1974a: 91, Fig. 88. Distribution: Phnom Penh. - Thailand, Viet Nam, Burma, Laos, India, Malaya, Sumatra, Bangla Desh. Cirrhinus microlepis Sauvage, 1878 Trey Kanldng (juv.), Trey Pruol (adult) Sauvage, 1881: 173, Pl. 8, Fig. 2 (C. aurata). Smith, 1945: 164. - Taki, 1974a: 111, Fig. 109. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Thailand, Laos. Cirrhinus jullieni Sauvage, 1878 Trey Lenh, Trey Riel Banarescu, 1983: 16, Fig. 3. - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand. Cosmochilus harmandi Sauvage, 1878 Trey Kompul Bay, Trey Kampaul Bay, Trey Dampul Bay Sauvage,l881: 180,P1.7,Fig.2.-Smith,1945: 131, 23 1, Fig. 42 (Papillocheilus ayuthiae). - Durand, 262 1940: 10, Pl. 3 (C. pellegrini). - Taki, 1974a: 148, Fig. 143. - Banarescu, 1980a: 99, Fig. 7. - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: Tome Sap; Stung Chinit, Kaskos (Durand). - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand. Remark: Cosmochilus pellegrini Durand, 1940 and Papillocheilus ayuthiae Smith, 1945 are synonyms of C. harmandi (Kottelat, in press). Crossocheilus reticulatus (Fowler, 1934) Trey Changva Lchaung Fowler, 1934a: 135, Figs. 97-98 (Holotylognathus r.); 1937: 208, Figs. 18 I- 182 (Tylognathus coatesi). - Taki, 1974a: 156, Fig. 150 (Epalzeorhynchus c.). Distribution: Ton16 Sap, Battembang. - Thailand, Laos. Cyclocheilichthys sp. n. Distribution: Kompong Chhnang 1976). - Thailand, Viet Nam. (Sontirat, Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes, 1842) Trey Srbka Kdam Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 156. - Fowler, 1934b: 343, Fig. 7 (C. rubripinnis). - Smith, 1945: 141. Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung Treng, Tonlt Sap. - Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia, Burma, Borneo, Java, Sumatra. Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Valenciennes, 1842) Fowler, 1935: 121, Fig. 60. - Smith, 1945: 144. Distribution: Battembang. - Thailand, Java, Borneo, Sumatra. Cyclocheilichthys enoplos (Bleeker, 1850) Trey Chkok Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 158, Fig. 63. - Smith, 1945: 146, Fig. 20. - Taki, 1974a: 134, Fig. 129. Distribution: Sekongat StungTreng, Tonlt Sap. - Laos, Thailand, Java, Sumatra. Cyclocheilichthys repasson (Bleeker, 1853) Trey Sraka Kolam Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 160. - Hora, 1931: 1, Fig. 1. - Taki, 1974a: 135, Fig. 130. Distribution: Battembang, Tonlt Sap, SrCpok, Siem Reap. - Thailand, Laos, Burma, Malaysia, Java, Sumatra. Epalzeorhynchus frenatus (Fowler, 1934) Trey Ku01 Chek Smith, 1934: 313, PI. 12 (Labeo munensis). - Taki, 1974a: 151, Fig. 146 (L.e.). Distribution: Tonle Sap; Phnom Penh (Durand, 1940). - Thailand, Laos. Remark: Sontirat (1980) showed that this fish, usually considered as a Labeo, is an Epalzeorhynthus and that E. frenatus, E. munensis (Smith, 1934) and E. erythrurus (Fowler, 1937) are synonyms. As E. frenatus has been described in April, 1934, it has priority over E. munensis which has been published in October 1934. Esomus goddardi Fowler, 1937 Fowler, 1937: 170, Fig. 106. - Taki, 1974a: 92, Fig. 89. Distribution: Snot Trou, Bourn Long. - Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos. Remark: The nomenclature and taxonomy of Indochinese Esomus will be dealt with in a forthcoming paper. Esomus metallicus Ahl, 1924 Trey Changvar Phlieng Hora & Mukerji, 1928: 54, Fig. 4. - Smith, 1945: 90, Fig. 5. Distribution: 0 PO Kampon, Snot Trou, Stung Sang. - Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Garra taeniata Smith, 1931 Smith, 1931: 19, Pl. 1; 1945: 260, Fig. 50. - Menon, 1964: 221, Pl. 11, Figs. 9-12. Distribution: Battembang. - Laos, Thailand, Malaysia. Hampala dispar Smith, 1934 Trey Khman Smith, 1934: 309, Pl. 11; 1945: 134, Fig. 15. -Taki& Kawamoto, 1977: 61, Fig. 2b. Distribution: Siem Reap (Smith). - Mae Khong basin in Thailand and Laos. Hampala macrolepidota van Hasselt, 1823 Trey Khmau Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 143, Fig. 60. - Smith, 1945: 132, Fig. 14. - Taki, 1974a: 106, Fig. 104. Taki & Kawamoto, 1977: 61, Fig. 2a. Distribution: SrCpok, Beng Kebal Damrey, Tonlt Sap. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Burma. 263 Henicorhynchus siamensis (Sauvage, 1881) de Beaufort, 1927: 5 (Tylognathus s.). - Smith, 1945: 124 (Morara s.), 234 (? T. caudimaculatus), 235 ( T.s., ? T. entmena), 257, Fig. 49 (H. lobatus), 164 (Cirrhina marginipinnis). - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: TonlC Sap, Phnom Penh; wide spread. - Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Remark: Henicorhynchus, the Indochinese ‘Tylognathus’ and Cirrhinus are badly in need of a serious revision. Labeo chrysophekadion (Bleeker, 1850) Trey Kahek Weber& de Beaufort, 1916: 210, Fig. 80 [L. (Morulius) c.]. - Smith, 1945: 248. - Taki, 1974a: 150, Fig. 145 (M.C.). Distribution: Mae Khong at Prek Krauchmar, Battembang, Tonlt Sap. - Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Labeo dyocheilus (McClelland, 1839) Trey Pruol Kmor, Trey Para, Pa Va, Pa Sa-Y Taki, 1974a: 152, Fig. 147. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Sekong at Stung Treng, rapids of Sambor. - India, Bangla Desh, Burma, Thailand, Laos. Labiobarbus cuvieri (Valenciennes, 1842) Trey Ach Kok Smith, 1945: 227 (L. leptocheilus). Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java. Labiobarbus lineatus (Sauvage, 1878) Trey Lenh, Trey Ach Kok, Trey Eteok Sauvage, 1881: 175, Pl. 6, Fig. 1 (Dangila 1.). Smith, 1945: 234. -Taki, 1974a: 119, Fig. 117(D.l.). Distribution: Ton16 Sap, Stung Treng, 0 PO Kampon. - Thailand, Laos. Leptobarbus hoeveni (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey Knnoch, Trey Chrllang (juv.), Trey Pralung (adults) Smith, 1945: 122, Pl. 3. - Taki, 1974a: 97, Fig. 95 (Filirasbora rubripinna), 112, Fig. 110. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong at Phum Rey Shsach. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Sumatra, Borneo. Remark: Pellegrin % Chevey (1940) noted that Filirasbora probably is a synonym of Leptobarbus. I follow them and suggest that F. rubripinna be a synonym of L. hoeveni. might Lobocheilus Smith (1945) recognized 12 species of this genus from Thailand. They were mainly differentiated by body depth and colour pattern. Several of these are probably not valid and a critical revision of Lobocheilus is badly needed. It may prove to be that no more than 4 or 5 species occur in the Indochinese area. In addition to species recorded from Thailand, further species have been described from Laos and Viet Nam. I tentatively recognize two species in Kampuchea. Lobocheilus rhabdoura (Fowler, 1934) Fowler, 1934a: 133, Figs. 99-100 (Tylognathus r.). - Smith, 1945: 242, Fig. 44 (L. cornutus). Distribution: Battembang, km 224 on the road from Kratit to Saigon. -Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Lobocheilus melanotaenia (Fowler, 1935) Fowler, 1935: 122, Figs. 65-66 (Tylognathus m.). Smith, 1945: 239. Distribution: Battembang, Tonlt Sap. - Thailand. Longiculter sp. cf. siahi Fowler, 1937 Fowler, 1937: 162, Fig. 100. - Smith, 1945: 74. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Laos, Thailand. Remark: Longiculter siahi has been described from Central Thailand. The single known Kampuchean specimen may represent a new species. Luciosoma bleekeri Steindachner, 1879 Trey Daugdiro, Trey Dang Dau Sauvage, 1881: 188, Pl. 6, Fig. 4 (L. harmandi). Smith, 1945: 104. - Taki, 1974a: 96, Fig. 93. Distribution: Mae Khong at Stung Treng, Srepok, Tonlt Sap, Battembang. - Laos, Thailand. Macrochirichthys macrochirus (Valenciennes, 1844) Trey Dankhteng, Trey Dang Ktong Taki, 1974a: 90, Fig. 87. - Howes, 1979: 147, Fig. 1. Distribution: Tonlt Sap; Prek Phnan (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927). - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Java, Sumatra, Borneo. 264 Mekongina erythrospila Fowler, 1937 Pa R&Y Fowler, 1937: 200, Figs. 161-162. - Taki, 1974a: 158, Fig. 152. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong at Stung Treng. - Thailand, Laos, in the Mae Khong drainage. Mystacoleucus marginatus (Valenciennes, 1842) Trey Tim Proeak Sauvage, 1883: 152 (Puntius siamensis). - Fowler, 1935: 112, Fig. 46 (M. chilopterus). - Taki, 1974a: 139, Fig. 134 (M.m.). - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: Stung Santrea, Stung Chihreng, Tonlt: Sap, Stung 0 Krien, Battembang. - Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Remark: Mystacoleucus chilopterus and Puntius siamensis are apparently synonyms of M. marginatus (Kottelat, in press). Neobarynotus microlepis (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Ancat Prac Weber & de Beaufort, 19 16: 119, Fig. 54 (Barynotus m.). - Banarescu, 1980b: 475, Figs. 2-3. Distribution: Phnom Penh. - Borneo. Osteochilus hasselti (Valenciennes, 1842) Trey Rolok Sar, Trey Krom, Trey Kros Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 135, Fig. 57. - Smith, 1945: 214, Fig. 37. - Taki, 1974a: 113, Fig. 111. Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Tonle Sap, Ream; Angkor (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). - Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Osteochilus melanopleura (Bleeker, 1852) Trey Kroum, Trey Krom Weber&deBeaufort, 1916: 127.-Taki, 1974a: 116, Fig. 115. Distribution: TonlC Sap. - Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand. Osteochilus microcephalus (Valenciennes, 1842) Trey Kros, Trey Kzos, Trey Krom Smith, 1945: 216, Pl. 6 (0. vittatus). - Taki, 1974a: 117, Fig. 116 (O.V.). Distribution: SrCpok, Tonlt Sap, Battembang. Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos. Remark: According to Karnasuta (1981) 0. microcephalus is the correct name of the fish usually referred as 0. vittatus. Osteochilus schlegeli (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Rolok Sar Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 129. - Smith, 1945: 216, Fig. 38. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand. Osteochilus waandersi (Bleeker, 1852) Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 136 Distribution: Battembang. - Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand. Parachela maculicauda (Smith, 1934) Smith, 1934: 301 (Chela m.); 1945: 75 (Oxygaster m.). Distribution: Spean Tros. - Thailand, Malaya, Viet Nam. Remark: Banarescu (197 1b) noted that P. maculicauda possibly is conspecific with P. oxygastroides. The form called P. maculicauda occurs widely in an area also occupied by typical P. oxygastroides. All known specimens measure less than 50 mm SL, while P. oxygastroides reach at least 120 mm SL. The existence of females with ripe ovaries sustain the specific validity of P. maculicauda. Parachela oxygastroides (Bleeker, 1852) Trey Chtanteas Phluk Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 51 (Chela 0.). - Banarescu, 1969: 192, Fig. 3 (Oxygaster 0.). - Taki, 1974a: 86, Fig. 84 (0.0.). - Howes, 1979: 189. Distribution: Tonle Sap. - Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos. Fig. 3. a Porochelo matic. siomensis; b Parochelo oxygostroides. Sche- 265 Parachela siamensis (Gunther, 1868) Trey Sleek Russey Fowler, 1935: 110, Fig. 44 (Oxygaster s.). - Smith, 1945: 46. Distribution: TonlC Sap. - Thailand. Remark: Banarescu (1969) considers this taxon as a synonym of P. oxygastroides. The present collection contains two well differentiated forms collected at the same locality in a few days interval: one with a well marked nuchal concavity, a very convex abdomen and dorsal fin origin distinctly behind anal origin and the other with a not so well marked nuchal concavity, a less convex abdomen and dorsal origin in front of anal fin. Local fishermen give them two different vernacular names. Until interand intraspecific variations are better documented in the whole distribution area of these two forms, I consider them as specifically distinct (Fig. 3). Paralaubuca harmandi (Sauvage, 1883) Hora, 1923: 149, Pl. 10, Fig. 1, Pl. 11, Figs. 4-5 (Cuhersiamensis). - Fowler, 1937: 163, Fig. 101 (C. Wolfii). - Banarescu, 1971a: 350, Figs. 6-8. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Laos, Thailand. Paralaubuca typus Bleeker, 1863 Trey Sbay Ka Banarescu, 1971a: 348, Figs. l-2. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Stkong, reng, SrC Umbell. - Thailand, Laos. Stung Chih- Parluciosoma daniconius (Hamilton, 1822) Smith, 1945: 108, Fig. 10 (Rasbora palustris). Brittan, 1954: 135, Fig. 30(R.d.). -Taki, 1974a: 98, Fig. 96 (R.d.). Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung Sang, Stung PO Ben. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra. Remark: The Kampuchean specimens seems to agree with Brittan’s description of the Indian P. daniconius. Rasborapalustris Smith, 1945, and R. kobonensis Chaudhuri, 1913, respectively described from Thailand and Assam, do not seem to show any significant difference which would allow me to consider them as specifically distinct from the Kampuchean specimens. Revision of the members of Parluciosoma at the species level would be very useful. Parluciosoma dusonensis (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey Changwar Mu01 Brittan, 1954: 122, Fig. 26 (Rasbora d.). - Kottelat, 1982: 423, Fig. 2a. Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung Santrea, Srepok, Stung Chihreng, Kompong Cham, TonlC Sap. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Java, Sumatra. Probarbus jullieni Sauvage, 1880 Trey Trasak Sauvage, 1881: 185, Pl. 5, Fig. 1. -Smith, 1945: 151, Fig. 22. - Taki, 1974a: 147, Fig. 142. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Stung Treng. - Laos, Thailand, Malaya. Puntioplites bulu (Bleeker, 1851) Trey K6chrta Banarescu, 1979: 114, Figs. 3-5. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Cham Chamres. -Thailand, Sumatra, Borneo. Puntioplites proctozysron (Bleeker, 1865) Trey Chakeng Hora, 1923: 156, Pl. 11, Fig. 1 (Puntius smithi). Banarescu, 1979: 114, Fig. 2. - Taki dz Katsuyama, 1979: 255, Fig. 1. Distribution: Siem Reap. - Laos, Thailand. Raiamas guttatus (Day, 1868) Trey Temprauk, Trey Srlka Kto Smith, 1945: 159 (Barilius g.). - Taki, 1974a: 104, Fig. 103 (B.g.). - Howes, 1980: 181, 183. Distribution: Srtpok, Siem Reap, Battembang, Tonlt Sap. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, Yunnan, Bangla Desh, India. Rasbora borapetensis Smith, 1934 Smith, 1934: 302. - Brittan, 1954: 174, Fig. Taki, 1974a: 100, Fig. 98. Distribution: Stung 0 Krien, Stung PO Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung Chihreng, Tuk Snot Trou, Spean Tros. - Thailand, Laos, Nam, Malaya. 41. Ben, Sap, Viet Rasbora espei Meinken, 1967 Brittan, 1954: 187, Fig. 45 (R. heteromorpha p.p.); 1971: 187, Fig. 45 + addemdum (R.h.e.). - Meinken, 1967: 14, Fig. 1 (R.h.e.). Distribution: Tuk Sap. - Viet Nam, Thailand. Remark: Brittan (1954) noted the differences between Malayan and South-Eastern Thailand spec- 266 imens referred to as R. heteromorpha. Meinken (1967) described R.h. espei from Thailand but did not give any locality data; his description and illustration definitively correspond to the South-Eastern Thailand specimens. Because of the noted differences (body shape, colour pattern, squamation) and the allopatric distribution (R. heteromorpha in Malaya and R. espei in South-East Thailand, Kampuchea and Viet Nam), I consider them to be valid species. Additionally, Meinken (1967) wrote that he had both forms together in an aquarium and that their respective schools never mixed and that they bred separately. Rasbora urophthalma Ahl, 1922 Brittan, 1954: 177, Fig. 42. Distribution: Phnom Penh. - Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo. Remark: Ah1 (1922) described this species on the basis of aquarium specimens said to come from Sumatra. Vogt (1978) described a new subspecies from Borneo. From his very poor and insufficient ‘provisory’ description, I cannot see any difference worth naming a new subspecies, particularly as long as we do not have a good redescription of Sumatranese specimens. Moreover, I do not think that subspecies is a workable concept and I largely follow Rosen (1979: 277) on that matter. Rasborapauciperforata Weber & de Beaufort, 19 16 Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 78, Fig. 28. - Brittan, 1954: 164, Fig. 39. Distribution: Tuk Sap. - Malaya, Borneo, Sumatra. Rasbora sp. nov. cf. bankanensis Distribution: Stung Treng-Saigon, km 369. Thailand. Remark: This new species should be described soon. Rasbora paucisquamis Ahl, 1935 Brittan, 1954: 101 Distribution: km 369 on the road from Stung Treng to Saigon, Srt Umbell. Remark: Ah1 (1935) described this species on the basis of aquarium specimens said to come from the Malay Archipelago. It has not been recorded since. This material, if correctly identified, represents the first locality data for this species. Rasbora sp. nov. cf. trilineata Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Skoum, Prek Kandoz. Remark: This tiny new species should be described soon by Rainboth & Kottelat. Rasbora sumatrana (Bleeker, 1852) Smith, 1945: 114, Fig. 13 (R. lateristriata). - Brittan, 1954: 53, Figs. 6-7. - Taki, 1974a: 99, Fig. 97. Distribution: Srepok, Ratanakiri, Tuk Sap, Bourn Long, Stung Santrea, Stung Treng, Sianoukville. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Yunnan, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java. Rasbora trilineata Steindachner, 1870 Brittan, 1954: 81, Fig. 14. - Taki, 1974a: 101, Fig. 99. Distribution: 0 PO Kampon, Ream. - Thailand, Laos, Malaya, Sumatra. Remark: My material agrees with Brittan’s redescription of the present taxon; however this determination seems doubtful, as is clear from Brittan’s own comments. It is hoped that the problem of the identity of the real R. trilineata and the present species will be cleared up soon. Scaphognathops bandanensis Boonyaratpalin & Srirungroj, 197 1 Boonyaratpalin & Srirungroj, 1971: 24, Fig. 1. Taki, 1974a: 146, Fig. 141 (S. sp.); 1974b: 130, Fig. 1 (S. mekongensis). Distribution: Stkong at Stung Treng. - Laos, Thailand. Scaphognathops stejnegeri (Smith, 1931) Smith, 1931: 22, Figs. 10-l 1 (Scaphognathus s.). Taki, 1974a: 145, Fig. 140. Distribution: Sekong at Stung Treng. - Laos, Thailand, Viet Nam. Remark: The two species of Scaphognathops have been received mixed and the bags containing them had the following labels of vernacular names: ‘Trey Chakeng’ and ‘Trey Papak or Sambak Aralau’. Sikukia stejnegeri Smith, 1931 Durand, 1940: 8, Pl. 2 (Xenocheilichthys loppei). Imaki& Taki, 1976: 105, Fig. 1 (X.I.). - Kottelat, in prep. 267 Distribution: Tonlt Sap; Phnom Penh (Durand). - Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand. Thryssocypris tonlesapensis Roberts & Kottelat, 1984 Roberts & Kottelat, 1984: 146, Fig. 2. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Viet Nam. Thynnichthys thynnoides (Bleeker, 1852) Trey Lenh, Trey Kros Memay Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 122, Fig. 56. - Fowler, 1937: 177, Figs. 114-115 (T. that]. - Taki, 1974a: 108, Fig. 106. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong; Prek Phnan (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927). - Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand. Family GYRINOCHEILIDAE Remark: Durand (1940) indicates ‘Trey Samoc’ as the vernacular name of Gyrinocheilus pennocki from the Mae Khong. It is not known to which species this name is effectively applied. The species level systematics of gyrinocheilids is very confused and I hope to complete a revision of the family soon. The two species existing in my Kampuchean material are tentatively identified as follows: Gyrinocheilus aymonieri (Tirant, 1883) Trey Komear, Trey Thmlr, Trey Bandaul Chek Hora, 1935:459,Fig. I.-Taki, 1974a: 161,Fig. 154. Distribution: Battembang, Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong at Stung Treng, rapids of Sambor. - Thailand, Laos. Gyrinocheilus sp. ? Fowler, 1937: 160, Fig. 96 (G. kaznakot). Distribution: Mae Khong at Kompong Reat. Family HOMALOPTERIDAE Homaloptera sp. cf. orthogoniata Vaillant, 1902 Distribution: Siem Reap. Remark: Further studies of the orthogoniata group are needed to clear the status of the present specimens which may possible represent a new species. Homaloptera smithi Hora, 1932 Hora, 1932: 286, Pl. 11, Fig. 3. - Smith, 1945: 276, Fig. 54. - Taki, 1974a: 164, Fig. 156. Distribution: Stung Tong Hong, Stung Santrea: Battembang, Siem Reap. - Thailand, Laos, Malaya. Family COBITIDAE Acanthophthalmus anguillaris Vaillant, 1902 Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 35, Fig. 15. - Taki, 1974a: 175, Fig. 167. Distribution: Stung 0 Krien, Srepok, Stung Treng, Battembang, Kompong Reat. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Borneo. Acanthophthalmus oblonga (Valenciennes, 1846) Weber & de Beaufort, 1916: 31 (A. pangia). Distribution: Srtpok, Stung 0 Krien, Siem Rtap, Battembang, Skoum, Ton16 Sap, Mae Khongat Kompong R&at. - Thailand, Burma, Java, Sumatra. Remark: The systematics and relationships of the members of the genus are not well understood. Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823 ? Trey Ruschtk Weber BEde Beaufort, 1916: 23, Fig. 8 (A. choirorhynchos). - Smith, 1945: 296, Fig. 60 (A.c.). - Taki, 1974a: 172, Fig. 164 (A.c.). Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Stung Sang, Stung Chihreng, Kompong Cham, Mae Khong at Kompong Reat. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Annamia sp. nov. Distribution: Bourn Long, Ratanakiri. Remark: This and the following new species should be described soon, Acanthopsoides gracilis Fowler, 1934 Fowler, 1934a: 103, Fig. 55. -Taki, 1974a: 173, Fig. 165. Distribution: Stung Santrta, Stung Chihreng, 0 PO Kampon, Siem Reap. - Laos, Thailand, Borneo. Balitora sp. nov. Distribution: Bourn Long. Botia beauforti Smith, 1931 Trey Damrey 268 Smith, 1931: 2, Fig. 1; 1945: 292, Fig. 58. - Taki, 1974a: 166, Fig. 158. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Stung Sang, Mae Khong at Kompong Reat. - Laos, Thailand. Botia helodes Sauvage, 1876 Trey Kanchrouk, Trey Kanchrut Smith, 1945: 289 (B. hymenophysa). - Taki, 1974a: 165, Fig. 157 (B.hy.). - Kottelat, in press. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong at Kompong Reat; Phnom Penh (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927). - Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand. Remark: The Indochinese fish usually referred to as Botia hymenophysa in fact is B. helodes. Botia hymenophysa is a distinct species, restricted to Indonesia (Kottelat, in press). Botia modesta Bleeker, 1865 Trey Kanchrut Smith, 1945: 291. - Taki, 1972: 79; 1974a: 167, Fig. 159. Distribution: TonlC Sap, Mae Khong at Stung Treng; Prek Phnan (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927). Laos, Thailand. Lepidocephalus burmanicus Rendahl, 1948 Rendahl, 1948: 64, Fig. 30 (L. guntea b.). - Smith, 1945: 294, Fig. 59 (L. octocirrhus). - Banarescu & Nalbant, 1968: 345, Pl. 2, Fig. 21. - Taki, 1974a: 174, Fig, 166 (L.o.). Distribution: Tuk Sap, Kirikum, Stung Treng, Stung Chihreng, SrCpok, Bourn Long, Stung PO Ben, Beng Kebal Damrey, Bourn Long, Stung 0 Krien, Beng Tao, 0 PO Kampon, Ream. - Burma, Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Lepidocephalus sp. Distribution: Kampong Rest. Remark: A strange, apparently new loach. Noemacheilus sp. cf. masyai Distribution: Stung Chihreng, 0 PO Kampon. Laos, Thailand. Remark: This and the following species of Noemacheilus s.1. will be discussed in the second part of my revision of noemacheiline loaches. All are possibly new. Noemacheilus sp. cf. nicholsi Distribution: km 369 road from Stung Treng to Saigon. Noemacheilus sp. cf. selangoricus Distribution; km 87 road from Phnom Penh to Sianoukville. - Viet Nam, Thailand. Noemacheilus sp. A Distribution: Srtpok. Noemacheilus sp. B Distribution: Bourn Long, Ratanakiri, bang. ? Battem- Family SILURIDAE Belodontichthys dinema (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Klang Hay Distribution: Phnom Penh (Chaux & Fang, 1949a). - Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo. Kryptopterus bleekeri Gtinther, 1864 Trey Kts Smith, 1945: 344. - Taki, 1974a: 65, Fig. 65. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Pase Andor, SCkong at Stung Treng. - Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Kryptopterus bicirrhis (Valenciennes, 1839) Smith, 1945: 341. - ? Chaux & Fang, 1949a: 197, Fig. 2 (K. urbaini). - Taki, 1974a: 62, Fig. 62. Distribution: Tuk Sap. -Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand, Laos. Kryptopterus cryptopterus (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Kompliev Smith, 1945: 341. - Taki, 1974a: 63, Fig. 63. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Thailand, Laos, Malaya, Burma, Java, Sumatra. Kryptopterus cheveyi Durand, 1940 Durand, 1940: 19, Pl. 4. -? Smith, 1945: 342, Fig. 78 (K. moorei). - ? Taki, 1974a: 66, Fig. 66 (K. sp.). Distribution: Tonle Sap; Kaskos (Durand). Thailand ?, Laos ? Hemisilurus heterorhynchus (Bleeker, 1853) Weber & de Beaufort, 1913: 311. - Taki, 1974a: 67, Fig. 67. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Laos, Sumatra, Borneo. Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1797) Trey Krainam, Trey Taon Smith, 1945:337,Fig.77.-Taki, 1974a:61,Fig.61. 269 Distribution: SCkong at Stung Treng, Tonli: Sap, Ream; Angkor(Pellegrin& Chevey, 1937); Phnom Penh(Chaux & Fang, 1949). - From India to Great Sunda Islands and South China. Ompok hypophthalmus (Bleeker, 1847) Distribution: Areyksat, Peam Chikang, Tonlt Sap, Takto (Durand, 1940). - Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Malaysia, Thailand. Silurichthys phaiosoma (?) (Bleeker, 185 1) Weber & de Beaufort, 1913: 197, Fig. 77. - Smith, 1945: 334, Fig. 76. Distribution: Cardamones. - Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra. Silurus cochinchinensis Valenciennes, 1839 Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937: 315 (Penesilurus bokorensis). - Haig, 1952: 74,83. - Chen, 1977: 202, Pl. 1, Fig. 2. Distribution: Bokor(Pellegrin& Chevey). - Viet Nam, Yunnan, Burma, Thailand, Malaya. Wallago attu (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Trey Krlpoat (juv.), Trey Sanday (adult) Weber 8~de Beaufort, 1913: 201. -Smith, 1945: 332 ( Wallagonia a.). - d’Aubenton & Blanc, 1967: 282, Fig. 1 ( Wallagonia a.). - Taki, 1974a: 58, Fig. 58 (Wallagonia a.). - Roberts, 1982b: 891. Distribution: Ton16 Sap; Grand Lac, Stung Chi it, Mae Khong(at Areyksat, Prek Men, Rocakong, Peam Chikang, Kaskos, Bat Nam), Prey Veng (Durang, 1940). - From India and Sri Lanka to Great Sunda Islands and South China. Family PANGASIIDAE Helicophagus hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878 Sauvage, 1881: 170, Pl. 7, Fig. 1. Distribution: Grand Lac(Sauvage, 1881). -Thailand. Helicophagus waandersi Bleeker, 1858 Weber & de Beaufort, 1913: 252, Fig. 102. - Smith, 1945: 371. - Taki, 1974a: 68, Fig. 68. Distribution: Tonll: Sap; Phnom Penh (Durand, 1940). - Laos, Thailand, Sumatra. Pangasianodon Trey Reach gigas Chevey, 1930 Chevey, 1930: 536, Figs. l-2. -Smith, 1945: 373, Pl. 7. - Taki, 1974a: 76, Fig. 76. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong (Chevey; d’Aubenton, pers. comm.). - Laos, Thailand, Burma ?, China ? Remark: Smith (1945) follows Pavie (1904) in indicating that Pangasianodon gigas migrates upstream for spawning, Lake Ta-Li (in Yunnan) being considered as a supposed spawning place. According to my AMS 1301 1:l 000000 maps, Lake Ta-Li forms an endoreic basin without surface contact with the Mae Khong basin. The presence of Pangasianodon gigas in this drainage appears thus very unlikely. Additionally, Li (1982) does not mention the presence of this species in Lake Ta-Li. But on a I:4 000 000 Chinese map (Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo Fen Sheng Dituji, 1977: 33) lake Dali(Pinyin transcription ofTa-Li of former authors) is shown to be connected to the Lancang Jiang (= Mae Khong). Pangasius Hamilton, 1822 Some 25 nominal species of Pangasius have been described from the Indochinese area and the systematics of this genus is in a very chaotic state. Large specimens are rarely found in collections and it is very difficult to appreciate individual and ontogenetic variations. Due to the poor state of the systematics of the genus, I have been unable to sort the material collected by Mr. d’Aubenton. Of the following nominal species reported from Kampuchean waters, P. larnaudi alone is immediately distinguishable, due to its conspicuous black shoulder blotch. Reported from Kampuchea are: Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius Pangasius alttjrons Durand, 1940 beani Smith, 1931 bocourti Sauvage, 1880 burgini Fowler, 1937 djambal Bleeker, 1846 krempfi Chaux & Fang, 1949 larnaudi Bocourt, 1866 macronema Bleeker, 185 1 micronema Bleeker, 1847 nasutus Bleeker, 1862 pangasius (Hamilton, 1822) paucidens Chaux & Fang, 1949 polyuranodon Bleeker, 1852 sanitwongsei Smith, 1931 sutchi Fowler, 1937 270 Pteropangasius cultratus (Smith, 1931) Trey Chhviet Smith, 193 I : 25 (Pangasius c.); 1945: 269. - Fowler, 1937: 114, Figs. 31-33. - Taki, 1974a: 70, Fig. 70. Distribution: Tonle Sap; Kaskos, Phnom Penh (Durand, 1940). - Thailand, Laos. Family BAGRIDAE Bagroides macracanthus Bleeker, 1854 Trey Chek Turn Taki, 1974a: 50, Fig. 51. - Desoutter, 1975: 458. Distribution: Tonle Sap, Stung Treng (Desoutter). - Thailand, Sumatra. Bagroides macropterus Bleeker, 1853 Trey Chek Turn Taki, 1974a: 49, Fig. 50. - Desoutter, 1975: 457. Distribution: Tonlt: Sap. - Viet Nam, Thailand, Sumatra. Heterobagrus bocourti Bleeker, 1864 Trey Kanchos Kdaung Taki, 1974a: 52, Fig. 53. - Desoutter, 1975: 455. Distribution: TonlC Sap (Desoutter); Mae Khong at Rocakong (Durand, 1940). - Thailand, Laos. Leiocassis siamensis Regan, 19 13 Trey Chouchus Thmar, Trey Kanchos Thmar Smith, 1945: 379, Fig. 83. - Taki, 1974a: 51, Fig. 52. Distribution: Kompong Chnan, Tonli: Sap; Phnom Penh (Chaux & Fang, 1949b). - Thailand, Laos. Leiocassis stenomus (Valenciennes, 1839) Trey Chhlang Smith, 1945: 381, Fig. 84. Distribution: Stkong at Stung Treng. - Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java. Mystus aubentoni Desoutter, 1975 Trey Khya Desoutter, 1975: 449, Figs. 2-3. Distribution: Stung Treng, Battembang soutter). (De- Mystus cavasius (Hamilton, 1822) Taki, 1974a: 54, Fig. 55. - Desoutter, 1975: 444. Distribution: TonlC Sap (Desoutter); Phnom Penh (Chaux & Fang, 1949a: Macrones nigriceps). -India, Bangla Desh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam, Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Sumatra. Mystus micracanthus (Bleeker, 1846) Desoutter, 1975: 446. Distribution: TonleSap(Desoutter). -Thailand, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Mystus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1839) Trey Chhlang, Trey Tasel Desoutter, 1975: 448. Distribution: Kampot, Tonli: Sap, Grand Lac (Desoutter); Phnom Penh (Chaux & Fang, 1949a). - Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Mystus planiceps (Valenciennes, 1839) Desoutter, 1975: 451. - Fowler, 1935: 104, Fig. 30. Distribution: km 170 on the road from Phnom Penh to Sianoukville. - Thailand, Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia. Mystus vittatus (Bloch, 1797) Trey Kanchos Smith, 1945: 385, Fig. 85. Distribution: Phnom Penh (Chaux & Fang, 1949a). - India, Sri Lanka, Bangla Desh, Burma, Thailand. Laos. Mystus woJtjii (Bleeker, 1851) Desoutter, 1975: 447. - Fowler, 1935: 104, Fig. 29. Distribution: TonlC Sap (Desoutter). - Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand. Mystus wickii (Bleeker, 1858) Desoutter, 1975: 452. Distribution: Beng Cha, Kampot (Desoutter). Sumatra, Java, Thailand. Family SISORIDAE Bagarius sp. Trey Krabey Distribution: Tonli: Sap. Remark: This paper was already completed when Roberts (1983) published a review of Bagarius. He reports three species from the Mae Khong drainage: B. bagarius (Hamilton, 1822) and B. suchus Roberts, 1983 from Laos and Thailand and B. yarrelli Sykes, 1841 from Laos, Thailand and Viet Nam. The last species may reasonably be expected to occur in Kampuchea too. Occurrence of the two other species is also possible. The single juvenile specimen from the Tonlt Sap is not available at the moment to check its identity against Roberts’ data. 271 Weber & de Beaufort, 1913: 227. - Smith, 1945: 354. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand, Viet Nam, Burma, Bangla Desh, India, Sri Lanka; marine and fresh waters. Glyptothorax sp. cf. fuscus Distribution: Ream, Stung Tong Hong. Glyptothorax sp. cf. lampris Taki, 1974a: 8 1, Fig. 8 1 (G.sp.). Distribution: Tonle Sap, Battembang, Santrea. - Laos. Stung Glyptothoraxplatypogonoides (Bleeker, 1855) Vinciguerra, 1890: 246, Pl. 7, Fig. 4 (G. dorsalis). Hora, 1923: 168, Pl. 12, Figs. 1-3 (G. siamensis). Menon, 1955: 44. Distribution: Bourn Long, Kampot. - Thailand, Burma, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo. Family AKYSIIDAE Akysis sp. Distribution: Stung Sen, Stung Santrea, Ream. Remark: Apparently an undescribed species. Family AMBLYCIPITIDAE Amblyceps mangois (Hamilton, 1822) Hora, 1933: 607, Figs. 5-6. - Smith, 1945: 375. Distribution: Cardamones. - Thailand, Burma, Bangla Desh, India. Family CLARIIDAE Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) Trey And&ng Weber & de Beaufort, 1913: 190, Fig. 74. - Smith, 1945: 348. - Taki, 1974a: 83, Fig. 82. Distribution: Everywhere in the country. - From Pakistan to China and Great Sunda Islands, Philippines. - Introduced in several countries. Clarias macrocephalus Gunther, 1864 Smith, 1945: 351, Fig. 79. -Taki, 1974a: 84, Fig. 83. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Kompong Churang, Stung Treng, Ream. - Thailand, Viet Nam, Philippines, Laos. Clarias nieuhofi Valenciennes, 1840 Weber& de Beaufort, 1913: 189. -Smith, 1945: 352 (Prophagorus n.). Distribution: TonlC Sap, Phnom Penh, Ream; Bokor (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). - Viet Nam, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra. Family PLOTOSIDAE Plotosus canius Hamilton, 1822 Trey Andeng Koi Family ARIIDAE Batrachocephalus mino (Hamilton, 1822) Smith, 1945: 404, Fig. 90. Distribution: PhnomPehn(Durand, 1940). - Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, India. Hemipimelodus bicolor Fowler, 1935 Trey Kdok Desoutter, 1977: 19. Distribution: Phnom Penh (Chaux & Fang, 1949a: H. atripinnis); Ton16 Sap (Desoutter). Thailand. Hemipimelodus borneensis (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey KBok Smith, 1945: 416, Fig. 93. - Desoutter, 1977: 21. Distribution: Quatre Bras (Durand, 1940); Phnom Penh, Grand Lac, Tonlt Sap, Mae Khong (Desoutter). - Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand, Viet Nam. Hemipimelodus daugueti Chevey, 1932 Trey Kanchok Kandor, Trey KBok Chevey, 1932a: 41, Pl. 13. - Desoutter, 1977: 15. Distribution: Phnom Penh, Tonle Sap (Chevey). Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Smith, 1945: 405. Distribution: Kampuchea (Chaux & Fang, 1949a). India, Great Sunda Islands, Indochina. Family HEMIRHAMPHIDAE Dermogenys pusillus van Hasselt, 1823 Mohr, 1936: 41, Figs. Distribution: Inhabits most waters of the country. - Bangla Desh, Burma, Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, Malaysia, Viet Nam. Hyporhamphus (Hyporhamphus) limbatus (Valenciennes, 1846) Trey Phtaung Distribution: Tonli: Sap. Remark: This species and the following one have been identified by Dr. Bruce B. Collette. 272 Zenarchopterus ectuntio (Hamilton, Distribution: Tonli: Sap. 1822) Family BELONIDAE Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton, 1822) Trey Phtoung Smith, 1945: 427. - Taki, 1974a: 178, Fig. 169 (X: canciloides) Distribution: Stung Song, Tonlt Sap, Beng Kebal Damrey. - From India to Viet Nam and Great Sunda Islands. Family ORYZIIDAE Oryzias sp. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Phnom Penh. Remark: Apparently a new species. Family APLOCHEILIDAE Aplocheilus panchax (Hamilton, 1822) Weber & de Beaufort, 1922: 134, Fig. 96 (Panchax p.). - Smith, 1945: 422, Fig. 94. Distribution: Kampot, Ream. - From India to Viet Nam and Great Sunda Islands. Family PHALLOSTETHIDAE Phenacostethus smithi Myers, 1928 Smith, 1945: 475. - Roberts, 1971: 10, Fig. 2. Distribution: Beng Tao. - Thailand. Family INDOSTOMIDAE Indosromus paradoxus Prashad & Mukerji, 1929 Prashad & Mukerji, 1929: 220, Pl. 10. - Banister, 1970: 179, Fig. 1. - Kottelat, 1983: 527. Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey. - Burma, Malaya, Thailand. Family SYNGNATHIDAE Doryichthys boaja (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Kabo, Trey Chay Krlpoeu Weber & de Beaufort, 1922: 47 (Microphis b.). Smith, 1945: 443 (M.6.). - Dawson, 1981: 12, Figs. 5-6. Distribution: Tonlt Sap. - China, Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Philippines. Family CHANNIDAE Channa lucius (Cuvier, 1831) Trey Kanchon Chey Smith, 1945: 472 (Ophiocephalus s.). Distribution: Ream, Tonle Sap, Beng Kebal Damrey; Angkor (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). China, Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra. Channa mar&us (Hamilton, 1822) Smith, 1945: 467 (Ophiocephalus m.). Distribution: Sambor rapids, Stung Treng. China, Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, India, Bangla Desh. Channa melasomus (Bleeker, 185 1) Smith, 1945: 471 (Ophiocephalus m.). Distribution: Bourn Long. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra, Philippines. Channa micropeltes (Cuvier, 183 1) Trey Diep (juv.), Trey Chhdor (adult) Smith, 1945: 473 (Ophiocephalus m.). Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Ream, - From India to Viet Nam and Great Sunda Islands. Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Smith, 1945: 471 (Ophiocephalus gachua). - Taki, 1974a: 180, Fig. 171. Distribution: Ratanakiri, Bourn Long, Bokeo, Tuk Sap, SrCpok, Stung PO Ben, Stung Santrea, Sianoukville, Kirikum, Stung 0 Krien, Battembang; Angkor, Bokor (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). From China to Afghanistan and Great Sunda Islands. Channa striata (Bloch, 1797) Trey Phtuok (juv.), Trey Ras (adult) Smith, 1945: 468 (Ophiocephalus s.). - Taki, 1974a: 179, Fig. 170. Distribution: Ratanakiri, Bourn Long, Kompong Chnang, TonlC Sap, Ream, Beng Kebal Damrey, Sianoukville; Angkor(Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). From India to China and Great Sunda Islands, Philippines. - Usually bred in large quantities. Family CENTROPOMIDAE Lates calcarijk (Bloch, 1790) Trey Spong Weber 8c de Beaufort, 1929: 396, Fig. 96. Distribution: Tonle Sap. - From Persian Gulf to Australia and China; in marine, brackish and fresh waters. 273 Family AMBASSIDAE Note: Pellegrin & Chevey (1927) gave ‘Trey Kachanchras’ as the vernacular name of a fish they identified as Chanda ranga which is definitely an Indian species (Smith, 1945). It is not known to which species this vernacular name really applies. Chanda baculis (Hamilton, 1822) Smith, 1945: 483. Distribution: Stung Sang, Beng Kebal Damrey, Tonlt Sap, Stung Tong Hong. - India, Bangla Desh, Burma, Thailand. Chanda buruensis (Bleeker, 1856) Weber & de Beaufort, 1929: 417. - Smith, 1945: 483. Distribution: Ream. - Malaysia, Indonesia. Chanda siamensis Fowler, 1937 Fowler, 1937: 230, Fig. 228. - Smith, 1945: 482. Taki, 1974a: 191, Fig. 179. Distribution: Kompong Cham. -Thailand, Laos. Chanda wolffii (Bleeker, 1851) Trey Kantrang Preng Weber & de Beaufort, 1929: 401. - Smith, 1945: 482. Distribution: TonlC Sap, Stkong at Stung Treng. - Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand. Family LOBOTIDAE Datnioides microlepis Bleeker, 1853 Trey Kla Weber & de Beaufort, 1936: 463. - Smith, 1945: 485, Fig. 99. - Taki, 1974a: 193, Fig. 181. Distribution: Tonlt Sap; Prek Phnan (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1927). - Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, Laos. Family CHICHLIDAE Tilapia heudeloti Dumtril, 1858 Distribution: Bourn Long. Remark: An introduced species, kindly identified by Prof. J. Daget (MNHN). Family SCIAENIDAE Boesemania microlepis (Bleeker, 1859) Trey Pama Taki, 1974a: 194, Fig. 182 (Nibea soldado). - Trewavas, 1979: 309, Fig. 82. Distribution: Stkong at Stung Treng, Tonlt Sap. - Laos, Sumatra, Viet Nam. Family TOXOTIDAE Toxotes chatareus (Hamilton, 1822) Trey Koncheak Sla Allen, 1978: 363, Figs. 2-6. Distribution: Grand Lac, Tonlt Sap, Ream. India, Malaya, Thailand, Viet Nam, Sumatra, Borneo, New Guinea, Australia, Burma, Sri Lanka, Bangla Desh. Family NANDIDAE Nandus nebulosus (Gray, 1835) Trey Khla Smith, 1945: 489. - Taki, 1974a: 188, Fig. 177 (N. nandus). Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Beng Kebal Damrey, Tuk Sap, Ream. - Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Family PRISTOLEPIDAE Pristolepis fasciata (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey Kantrop, Trey Kranh Smith, 1945: 487. - Taki, 1974a: 189, Fig. 178. Distribution: Ream, Stung Treng, Siem Reap, Tonlt Sap, Beng Kebal Damrey. - Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Burma, Laos, Viet Nam. Family MUGILIDAE Mugil ceramensis Bleeker, 1852 Weber BEde Beaufort, 1922: 247. Distribution: Kompot. - From Timor to Sri Lanka and China, usually in marine water. Family POLYNEMIDAE Polynemus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1758 Trey Priem Myers, 1936: 382. Distribution: Tonli: Sap. - Indo-Pacific marine, brackish and fresh waters. area, in Family SCOMBRIDAE Scomberomorus sinensis (Laceptde, 1802) Trey Sbaika Durand, 1940: 37, Pl. 6 (Cybium cambodgiense). - d’Aubenton & Blanc, 1965: 233, Figs. l-2. Distribution: Mae Khong (at Rocakong and 274 Quatre Bras), Tonlt Sap (d’Aubenton & Blanc). Along the coasts from Viet Nam to Corea. Distribution: Thailand. Family SOLEIDAE Euryglossa harmandi (Sauvage, 1878) Sauvage, 1878a: 94 (Synaptura h.). - Stauch & d’Aubenton, 1966: 146, Fig. 6 (S.h.). - Taki, 1974a: 198, Fig. 186 (S.h.). Distribution: Ton16 Sap, Stung Tong Hong (Stauch & d’aubenton). - Thailand, Laos. Remark: I am not sure that S. aenea Smith, 1931 (at least the specimens reported under that name by Stauch & d’Aubenton) is specifically distinct. Glossogobius aureus Akihito & Meguro, 1975 Akihito & Meguro, 1975: 128, Fig. 1. Distribution: Stung0 Krien, Tonlt Sap, SCkong at Stung Treng, Beng Khmnonh (Phnom Penh). From Japan to Queensland and Malaya. Remark: HIH Prince Akihito and Dr. Katsusuke Meguro kindly identified these specimens. Euryglossa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Stauch&d’Aubenton, 1966: 149, Fig. 8(Synaptura 0.). Distribution: Laos Cambodgien (Sauvage, 1878a: S.filamentosa). - From India to China and Indonesia in marine, brackish and fresh waters. Remark: Synaptura filamentosa Sauvage, 1878 is a synonym of E. orientalis (Kottelat, in press). Euryglossa siamensis (Sauvage, 1878) Durand, 1940: 89, Fig. 7 (Synaptura krempfi). Stauch & d’Aubenton, 1966: 147, Fig. 7 (S.k.). Distribution: Grand Lac, Phnom Penh, Tonle Sap (Durand; Stauch & d’Aubenton). Remark: Synaptura krempfi Durand, 1940 is a synonym of E. siamensis (Kottelat, in press). Family CYNOGLOSSIDAE Cynoglossus microlepis (Bleeker, 185 1) Trey Andat ChhkC Menon, 1977: 97, Fig. 48, PI. 21. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Grand Lac (Stauch & d’Aubenton, 1966); Mae Khong (Sauvage, 1878a: C. so/urn). - Thailand, Viet Nam, Borneo, Sumatra. Cynoglossus feldmanni (Bleeker, 1853) Stauch, 1966: 126, Fig. 1 (C. aubentoni). - Stauch& d’Aubenton, 1966: 151, Fig. 10 (C.a.). - Menon, 1977: 89, Fig. 44. Distribution: Petit Lac, Tonle Sap (Stauch). Borneo. Sumatra. Family GOBIIDAE Brachygobius kabiliensis Inger, 1958 Inger, 1958: 110, Fig. 19. Beng Kebal Damrey. - Borneo, Family ELEOTRIIDAE Butis amboinensis (Bleeker, 1853) Koumans, 1953: 308. Distribution: area of Sianoukville. - From Salomon Islands to India, in marine and fresh waters. Ophiocara porocephala (Valenciennes, 1837) Koumans, 1953: 343. Distribution: Tonle Sap. - From India to China and the South Pacific, in marine and fresh waters. Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker, 1852) Koumans, 1953: 354. - Taki, 1974a: 197, Fig. 185. Distribution: Tonle Sap, Stung 0 Krien, Kirikum, Stung Sen. - Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Fidji Islands, in marine and fresh waters. Family MASTACEMBELIDAE Macrognathus siamensis (Gunther, 186 1) Trey Chlaunh Taki, 1974a: 202, Fig. 190 (M. aculeatus). - Roberts, 1980: 389, Fig. 2c. Distribution: Kampong R&at, Kompong Cham. - Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand. Mastacembelus armatus Gunther, 1861 Trey Chhlaunh, Trey Khchoeung Sufi, 1956: 134, Figs. 25-26. -Taki, 1974a: 203, Fig. 191. Distribution: Ream, Stung 0 Krien, Srtpok, Stung Santrea, Battembang. - From India to China and Great Sunda Islands. Mastacembelus circumcinctus Hora, 1924 Trey Khchoeung Smith, 1945: 65, Fig. 2. - Sufi, 1956: 119, Fig. 19. Distribution: Ream, Stung 0 Krien, Sianoukville, Stung Tong Hong, Bang Kro, Tonle Sap. Thailand, Malaya. 275 Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker, 1850 Trey K hchoeung Sufi, 1956: 130, Fig. 27-28. - de Beaufort, 1962: 432. Distribution: Kampuchea (Sufi; d’Aubenton, pets. comm.), Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand. Family CHAUDHURIIDAE Chaudhuria caudata (?) Annandale, 19 18 Annandale, 1918: 41, Pl. 1, Fig. 1. Distribution: SrC Umbell. - Burma, Thailand, Malaya. Family ANABANTIDAE Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) Trey Kranh Weber & de Beaufort, 1922: 334, Fig. 86. - Taki, 1974a: 182, Fig. 172. Distribution: Ream, TonlC Sap, Stung Sen; Angkor (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). - From India to China and Great Sunda Islands. Family BELONTIIDAE Betta pugnax (Cantor, 1850) Vierke, 1980a: 401; 1980b: 597, Fig. 2. Distribution: Tuk Sap, Kirikum, Sianoukville, Stung Tong Hong, 0 PO Kampun, Stung Treng. Thailand, Viet Nam, Malaya. Remark: This species has tentatively been identified by Dr. J. Vierke. Trichogaster microlepis (Gunther, 1861) Trey Kamphleanh Phluk Smith, 1945: 462. - Fowler, 1937: 222, Fig. 214. Distribution: Tonlt Sap, Ream, Kompong Rest, Stung Sang. - Thailand, Viet Nam. Trichogaster pectoralis (Regan, 19 IO) Trey Kanthor, Trey Kantho Regan, 1910: 784, Pl. 79, Fig. 1 (Trichopodusp.). Smith, 1945: 464. - Taki, 1974a: 184, Fig. 174. Distribution: Stung Sen. - Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos. Trichogaster trichopterus (Pallas, 1770) Trey Kampleanh Samre Smith, 1945: 463, Fig. 98. - Taki, 1974a: 183, Fig. 173. Distribution: Stung Sen, Tuk Sap, Stung Chang, Kompong Kleang, Beng Kebal Damrey. - Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Burma, Laos, Viet Nam. Trichopsis pumilus (Arnold, 1936) Sterba, 1970: 619, Pls. 249, 262. Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung PO Ben. - Thailand, Viet Nam. Tuk Sap, Trichopsis vittatus (Cuvier, 1831) Smith, 1945: 452, Fig. 97. - Taki, 1974a: 185, Fig. 175. Distribution: Kirikom, Tuk Sap, Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung Sen, 0 PO Kampon. - Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java. Family OSPHRONEMIDAE Osphronemus goramy Laceptde, 1802 Weber & de Beaufort, 1922: 344, Fig. 89. 1974a: 187, Fig. 176. Distribution: Mae Khong, Sekong at Treng, Srepok. - Java, Borneo, Sumatra. duced in several countries, possibly including puchea. Taki, Stung IntroKam- Family SYNBRANCHIDAE Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) Antong Rosen & Greenwood, 1976: 57. Distribution: Ream; Angkor, Bokor (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1937). - From India to China and Great Sunda Islands. Family TETRAODONTIDAE Carinotetraodon lorteti (Tirant, 1885) Trey Krepot Dekkers, 1975: 97, Figs. 6-9 (Tetraodon 1.). -Tyler, 1978: 118, Figs. l-5; 1980: 312. Distribution: TonlC Sap (d’Aubenton & Blanc, 1966: Monotreta caria, M. tiranti). -Thailand, Viet Nam, Malaya, Borneo. Chonerhinos nefastus Roberts, 1982 Trey Krepot Taki, 1974a: 199, Fig. 187 (C. modestus). - Roberts, 1982a: 10, Fig. 6. Distribution: Kompong Cham; Tonlt Sap (d’Aubenton & Blanc, 1966: C.m.). - Borneo, Malaysia, Thailand. Laos. 276 Monotreta fungi (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1940) Trey Krepot Pellegrin & Chevey, 1940: 157, Fig. 2 (Tetraodon J).-Dekkers, 1975: 112,Figs.21-23(T.j).-Tyler, 1980: 337. Distribution: Beng Kebal Damrey. - Thailand, Laos, Viet Nam. Monotreta leiurus Bleeker, 185 1 Trey Krepot d’Aubenton & Blanc, 1966: 559, Fig. 4 (Monotreta cutcutiu). - Dekkers, 1975: 108, Figs. 16-20. (Tetraodon 1.). - Tyler, 1980: 337. Distribution: Phnom Penh (Chabanaud, 1923: T. cambodgiensis); Tonle Sap (Chevey, 1936; d’Aubenton & Blanc). - Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Malaysia, Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos. Acknowledgments I am particularly indebted to Francois dAubenton for allowing me to study his whole Kampuchean collection, for providing field data, and for hours of discussion on the ecology of Kampuchean fishes. Martine Desoutter has been very helpful in providing rare literature. HIH Prince Akihito and Katsusuke Meguro kindly identified the Glossogobius specimens, Thosaporn Wongratana examined the Clupeiformes and provided exact dates of publication of the Natural History Supplement of the Journal of the Siam Society, Jaranthada Karnasuta commented on Osteochilus species, Jacques Daget identified the introduced Tilapia, Bruce B. Collette the Hyporhampus and Zenarchopterus and Jiirg Vierke the Betta species. Tyson R. Roberts spent a lot of time discussing oriental fishes and these discussions helped me in improving this text. Paul Hobelman and John Saunders corrected my English. References Ahl, E., 1922. Uber zwei neue Rasbora-Arten des Indo-Malayischen Archipels. Bl. 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