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Vocabulary

I have divided the vocabulary into three levels of difficulty. Level one has the really basic things, like the numbers and how to greet people. Level two is a little more advanced, but still not too hard. Level three occasionally has vocabulary that you will find little use for, but it's here in case you need it. Enjoy! Level 1 Finnish loanwords Important basics Basic verbs Numbers Dates Nationalities Languages Basic adjectives Adverbs Body parts Body parts Body parts with pictures Bones and intestines Animals Zoo animals Domestic animals Fish Mammals Reptiles Insects Birds Food Breakfast Vegetables Fruit Berries Level 2 The compass Expressing your opinion Professions Intensitivity words Mathematics Physics Chemistry Means of transportation Traffic Family members People Flowers Relationships Animal sounds Communication Space and planets In the airport Body care products Music Mass media Nature Garden work Religions Acting The senses At the shop Level 3 Negative emotions Positive emotions Geography Translations of English adverbs The government Groups of synonyms Finnish sayings Finnish abbreviations Rocks and gems Computer Perceptional verbs Verbs about feelings Tools Fairytales Money Hunting Fishing The telephone Social security Literature The press Politics Law and crime War Intelligence Housing

Herbs & spices Meat Beverages Miscellaneous food items

Birth and babyhood Childhood pastimes Pets Traveling

Biotechnology At the library Words ending in -ton Words ending in -uus Words ending in -nto Words ending in -nta Words ending in -sto Words ending in -ja Words ending in -kko Words ending in -tar Words ending in -na Conjunctions Punctuation Clitics Grammar and languages Expressions Expressions during a speech

Dishes and kitchen appliances Spoken language Cooking To listen Describing people At the doctor's Age Telling the time Rooms in a house Greeting people Difference tai/vai Difference mik/mit Also, too Clothes School Sauna Visual arts Weather Death To like The verb harrastaa Colours Sports Strong adjectives l To play To study

Level 1 Finnish loanwords


Being new to Finnish, you might get overwhelmed by the strangeness of words. That's why I decided to make a list of words which or very close to English or French words. These words have been "Finnishized", but are still recognizable. All of these words end in a vowel, and for most of them it's "i". Finnish appelsiini apteekki banaani baari bussi elefantti energia faksi filmi galleria gangsteri geologia English orange pharmacy banana bar bus elephant energy fax film gallery gangster geology

gramma grilli halli helikopteri hotelli idea kaakao kaaos kahvi kamera kenguru kirahvi kitara konjakki konsertti krokotiili lamppu meloni metri ministeri museo musiikki nailonit neutraali normaali oliivi ooppera pankki paperi piano pitsa presidentti professori pubi radio salaatti sampoo siideri sitruuna sohva sokeri suklaa taksi teatteri tee televisio tomaatti traktori trumpetti

gram grill hall helicopter hotel idea cacao chaos coffee camera kangaroo giraffe guitar cognac concert crocodile lamp melon meter minister museum music nylon neutral normal olive opera bank paper piano pizza president professor pub radio salad shampoo cider lemon sofa sugar chocolate taxi theatre tea television tomato tractor trumpet

tupakka video viini viski viulu turisti metro

tobacco video wine whiskey violin tourist metro Other vocabulary Languages : Numbers : Nationalities : Dates

Important words and phrases


Finnish Kadulla vaara seis vuokrataan myydn apua! poliisi ambulanssi varo! tuletko mukaan? Hotellissa tynn varattu Kaupassa ale sisn ulos varatie hissi rullaportaat kielletty sallittu avoinna ma-pe suljettu la-su ved tynn vuoronumero loppuunmyyty ole hyv kiitos ent muuta? English On the streets danger stop for rent for sale help! police ambulance watch out! do you come along? In hotels full reserved In shops sale (bargains) entrance exit emergency exit elevator escalator forbidden allowed open Mon-Fri closed Sat-Sun pull push queue number sold out here you are thanks something else?

ei muuta Ravintolassa ja baarissa WC N (naiset) M (miehet) varattu vapaa rikki epkunnossa anteeksi hetkinen mit teille? mit saisi olla? Kylss tervetuloa onneksi olkoon

nothing else In restaurants and pubs toilet Ladies gentlemen occupied free broken out of order excuse me just a minute what would you like to have? what will it be? On a visit welcome congratulations Other vocabulary Sports : Numbers : Dates : Nationalities

Verbs

Other vocabulary Languages : To play : Nationalities : Loanwords Related grammar Vowel harmony : The verb types : The imperfect tense : Personal pronouns

Numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cardinal numbers nolla yksi kaksi kolme nelj viisi kuusi seitsemn kahdeksan yhdeksn kymmenen 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 kymmenen yksitoista kaksitoista kolmetoista neljtoista viisitoista kuusitoista seitsemntoista kahdeksantoista yhdeksntoista kaksikymment 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 kaksikymment kaksikymmentyksi kaksikymmentkaksi kaksikymmentkolme kaksikymmentnelj kaksikymmentviisi kaksikymmentkuusi kaksikymmentseitsemn kaksikymmentkahdeksan kaksikymmentyhdeksn kolmekymment

40 neljkymment 50 viisikymment 60 kuusikymment 70 seitsemnkymment 80 kahdeksankymment 90 yhdeksnkymment Ordinal numbers Finnish ensimminen toinen kolmas neljs viides kuudes seitsems kahdeksas yhdekss kymmenes

100 sata 1000 tuhat 2000 kaksituhatta 10000 kymmenentuhatta 100000 satatuhatta 200000 kaksisataatuhatta English first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth Finnish yhdestoista kahdestoista kolmastoista neljstoista viidestoista kuudestoista seitsemstoista kahdeksastoista yhdeksstoista kahdeskymmenes English eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth

kahdeskymmenesensimminen twenty-first kahdeskymmenestoinen twenty-second kahdeskymmeneskolmas twenty-third kahdeskymmenesneljs twenty-fourth kahdeskymmenesviides twenty-fifth kahdeskymmeneskuudes twenty-sixth kahdeskymmenesseitsems twenty-seventh kahdeskymmeneskahdeksas twenty-eighth kahdeskymmenesyhdekss twenty-ninth kolmaskymmenes thirtieth kolmaskymmenesensimminen thirty-first When to use these? Finnish English Tnn on kolmaskymmenes joulukuuta Today is the 30th of December Ensimminen maailmansota First world war

Names of the numbers (used in e.g. busses: bus number 1) Finnish English nolla number zero ykknen number one kakkonen number two kolmonen number three nelonen number four viitonen number five kuutonen number six seitseminen (seiska) number seven kahdeksainen(kasi) number eight yhdeksinen (ysi) number nine kymmenen (kymppi) number ten satanen number hundred When to use these? The number three tram is the "kolmonen". When you are ON the tram, you are "kolmosella". A magazine has the title "7" and is called "seiska". A '93 car is an "ysi kolmonen" when buying spare parts. The "106" bus is the "sata kuutonen". Genitive, illative and partitive forms of the cardinal numbers No. Genitive Illative 1 yhden yhteen 2 kahden kahteen 3 kolmen kolmeen 4 neljn neljn 5 viiden viiteen 6 kuuden kuuteen 7 seitsemn seitsemn 8 kahdeksan kahdeksaan 9 yhdeksn yhdeksn 10 kymmenen kymmeneen 11 yhdentoista yhteentoista 20 kahdenkymmenen kahteenkymmeneen 100 sadan sataan 1000 tuhannen tuhanteen When to use these? Finnish Yhden miehen elm. Yhteen vai erilleen? En ole kynyt siell kahteen vuoteen. Menen kolmeen kauppaan. Nelj viidest koneesta vakoillaan spyware. Miltei kolme tuhatta ruotsalaista kateissa. Olin kahden ystvni kanssa kahvilla. Se maksaa seitsemst yhdeksn markkaa.

Partitive yht kahta kolmea nelj viitt kuutta seitsem kahdeksaa yhdeks kymment yhttoista kahtakymment sataa tuhatta

English One man's life. together or apart? I haven't been there for two years. I go to the three shops. Four out of five computers are spied on. Almost three-thousand Swedes missing. I was with two friends in the caf. It costs from seven to nine marks.

Genitive, illative and partitive forms of the ordinal numbers No. Genitive Illative Partitive 1st ensimmisen ensimmiseen ensimmist 2nd toisen toiseen toista 3rd kolmannen kolmanteen kolmatta 4th neljnnen neljnteen neljtt 5th viidennen viidenteen viidett 6th kuudennen kuudenteen kuudetta 7th seitsemnnen seitsemnteen seitsemtt 8th kahdeksannen kahdeksanteen kahdeksatta 9th yhdeksnnen yhdeksnteen yhdekstt 10th kymmenennen kymmenenteen kymmenett 11th yhdennentoista yhdenteentoista yhdetttoista 20th kahdennenkymmenennen kahdenteenkymmenenteen kahdettakymmenett 100th sadannen sadanteen sadatta 1000th tuhannennen tuhannenteen tuhannetta When to use these? Finnish English Ensimmisen vuoden opiskelijoille To first year's students Toisen ystvni jalkapallo on hukassa. My second friend's football is lost. Pivst toiseen From a day to the second (the next) Rakastan ensimmist poikaani eniten. I love my first son the most. Other vocabulary Dates : Mathematics Related grammar Vowel harmony

Dates

Finnish maanantai tiistai keskiviikko

English Monday Tuesday Wednesday

Finnish maanantaina tiistaina keskiviikkona

English on Monday on Tuesday on Wednesday

torstai perjantai lauantai sunnuntai Finnish tammikuu helmikuu maaliskuu huhtikuu toukokuu keskuu heinkuu elokuu syyskuu lokakuu marraskuu joulukuu Finnish kevt kes syksy talvi ensi kevn ensi kesn ensi syksyn ensi talvena kevll 2000 kesll 2005 syksyll 1983

Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday English January February March April May June July August September October November December English spring summer autumn winter next spring next summer next autumn next winter in the spring on 2000 in the summer of 2005 in the autumn of 1983 in the winter of 2020

torstaina perjantaina lauantaina sunnuntaina Finnish tammikuussa (here) helmikuussa maaliskuussa huhtikuussa toukokuussa keskuussa heinkuussa elokuussa syyskuussa lokakuussa marraskuussa joulukuussa Finnish kevll kesll syksyll talvelle viime kevn viime kesn viime syksyn viime talvena keskitalvella keskikesll syksyn alussa

on Thursday on Friday on Saturday on Sunday English in January in February in March in April in May in June in July in August in September in October in November in December English in spring in summer in autumn in winter last spring last summer last autumn last winter in mid-winter in the middle of summer in the beginning of autumn at the end of winter

talvella 2020 talven lopussa Finnish English Mik kuukausi on nyt? What month is it now? Nyt on joulukuu. It's December now. Mik piv tnn on? What day is it today? Tnn on tiistai. Today is Tuesday. Monesko piv tnn on? What date is it today? Tnn on viides keskuuta. Today is the fifth of June. Miss kuussa sin olet syntynyt? In what month were you born? Min olen syntynyt huhtikuussa. I was born in April. Other vocabulary Languages : Numbers : Nationalities : Loanwords

Related grammar Vowel harmony : The essive : The inessive : The adessive

Nationalities

In Finnish, the name of the country is always with a capital. The language is written without a capital, as is a citizen of the contry. To say you are a citizen of a certain country, you add -lainen/-linen (see consonant gradation) behind the country's name. If you want to say someone is a resident of a continent or a city, you do the exact same thing: the city Tampere -> a citizen tamperelainen.

Country in Finnish Aasia Afganistan Afrikka Albania Amerikka Arabia Australia Belgia Brasilia Bulgaria Eesti Egypti Englanti Espanja Eurooppa Hollanti Intia Irak Iran Irlanti Islanti Italia Japani Jugoslavia Kanada Kiina Kreikka Kroatia Latvia Liettua Meksiko Nicaragua Nigeria

Resident in Finnish aasialainen afganistanilainen afrikkalainen albanialainen amerikkalainen arabialainen australialainen belgialainen brasilialainen bulgarialainen eestilinen egyptilinen englantilainen espanjalainen eurooppalainen hollantilainen intialainen irakilainen iranilainen irlantilainen islantilainen italialainen japanilainen jugoslavialainen kanadalainen kiinalainen kreikkalainen kroatialainen latvialainen liettualainen meksikolainen nicaragualainen nigerialainen

Resident in English Asian Afghan African Albanian American Arabian Australian Belgian Brazilian Bulgarian Estonian Egyptian English Spanish European Dutch Indian Iraqi Iranian Irish Icelander Italian Japanese Yugoslavian Canadian Chinese Greek Croatian Latvian Lithuanian Mexican Nicaraguan Nigerian

Norja Pakistan Peru Puola Ranska Ruotsi Saksa Suomi Skotlanti Sveitsi Tanska Thaimaa Tsekki Unkari Venj Viro

norjalainen Pakistanilainen perulainen puolalainen ranskalainen ruotsalainen saksalainen suomalainen skotlantilainen sveitsilinen tanskalainen thaimaalainen tsekkilinen unkarilainen venlinen virolainen

Norwegian Pakistani Peruvian Polish French Swede German Finn Scottish Swiss Dane Thai Czech Hungarian Russian Estonian

Finnish Minkmaalainen sin olet? Min olen belgialainen. Mist sin olet kotoisin? Min olen kotoisin Belgiasta.

English What country are you from? I'm Belgian. Where do you originate from? I originate from Belgium. Other vocabulary Adjectives : Dates : Languages : Numbers Related grammar Vowel harmony : Consonant gradation

Languages
In Finnish, the name of the country is always with a capital. The language is written without a capital, as is a citizen of the country. To say you speak a certain language, you use the verb "puhua". This verb is a partitive verb. This means that you have to put the language in the partitive behind the verb puhua.

Country Englanti Espanja Hollanti Italia Japani Kiina Kreikka

Finnish Min puhun englantia. Min puhun espanjaa. Min puhun hollantia. Min puhun italiaa. Min puhun japania. Min puhun kiinaa. Min puhun kreikkaa.

English I speak English. I speak Spanish. I speak Dutch. I speak Italian. I speak Japanese. I speak Chinese. I speak Greek.

Norja Min puhun norjaa. I speak Norwegian. Puola Min puhun puolaa. I speak Polish. Ranska Min puhun ranskaa. I speak French. Saksa Min puhun saksaa. I speak German. Tanska Min puhun tanskaa. I speak Danish. Thaimaa Min puhun thaita. I speak Thai. Viro Min puhun viroa. I speak Estonian. Venj Min puhun venj. I speak Russian. Vietnam Min puhun vietnamia. I speak Vietnamese. Finnish English Mit kielt sin puhut? What language do you speak? Mit kieli sin puhut? What languages do you speak? Min puhun vhn suomea. I speak a little Finnish. Min puhun viroa huonosti. I speak Estonian badly. Min puhun ranskaa hyvin. I speak French well. Min puhun vain suomea. I speak only Finnish. Hn puhuu aika hyvin. He speaks quite good. Puhuuko Joel englantia? Does Joel speak English? Voi olla. En ole varma. Can be. I'm not sure. Puhutko sin ranskaa? Do you speak French? En puhu. Valitettavasti. I don't. Unfortunately. Puhutko sin arabiaa? Do you speak Arabian? En valitettavasti... Unfortunately not... Puhuuko Joel suomea? Does Joel speak Finnish? Kyll kai. Luultavasti. Probably yes. I think so. Other vocabulary Sports : Numbers : At the doctor's : To play : Grammar and languages Related grammar Vowel harmony : The partitive

Perusadjektiivit = Basic adjectives


No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Finnish uusi vanha iloinen surullinen vanha nuori kaunis ruma pitk lyhyt terve sairas lihava English new old happy sad old young beautiful ugly tall; long short healthy ill fat

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

laiha paksu ohut auki kiinni tysi tyhj kallis halpa vaikea helppo rikas kyh kuuma kylm kuiva mrk valoisa pime vihainen rauhallinen sotkuinen siisti leve kapea pehme kova raskas/painava kevyt terv tyls hidas nopea korkea matala hapan makea hauska tyls viisas/fiksu tyhm ahkera laiska likainen puhdas vahva heikko

slim thick thin open closed full empty expensive cheap difficult easy rich poor hot cold dry wet bright dark angry peaceful messy tidy wide narrow soft hard heavy light sharp blunt slow fast high low sour sweet funny boring wise/smart stupid hard-working lazy dirty clean strong weak Other vocabulary Finnish loanwords : Numbers : At the doctor's : Fish

Adverbs
Adverbs are usually formed by adding -sti to the inflecting form of the corresponding adjective. Adjective helppo hidas huono kaunis kiire mahdollinen nopea selv Adverb helposti hitaasti huonosti kauniisti kiireesti mahdollisesti nopeasti selvsti English easily slowly badly beautifully hastily possibly quickly clearly

The great thing about adverbs like these is that they don't inflect! Apart from adverbs ending in -sti, you have three large groups: - Adverbs of time: huomenna, eilen, tnn, joskus, usein, kerran, heti, pian,... - Adverbs of place: kaukana, alta, luokse, eteen (all the postpositions are in fact adverbs) - Adverbs of quantity: paljon, hiukan, vhn, vain, melkein,... When dealing with adverbs of place, you DO inflect the adverb, but only in the location cases. Visit the page about postpositions to find out more about this. Related grammar Postpositions : Prepositions : Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs

Ruumiin osat = Body parts

Finnish

English

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

tukka p otsa silm nen korva suu leuka

hair head forehead eye nose ear mouth chin back of niska the neck kaula neck olkap shoulder kainalo armpit rintakeh chest selk back maha/vatsa belly vytr waistline ksi hand ksivarsi arm kyynrp elbow sormi finger ranne wrist sri lower leg reisi upper leg polvi knee nilkka ankle kantap heel varvas toe

Finnish English

1. 2. 3.

huuli lip huulet lips kieli tongue hammas tooth hampaat teeth

Finnish

English

No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

pikkusormi nimetn keskisormi etusormi peukalo kmmen

pink ring finger middle finger index finger thumb palm

Related vocabulary Bodyparts with pictures : Intestines and bones : Body care products

Bodyparts with pictures

Related vocabulary Body parts : Intestines and bones : Body care products

Luut ja siselimet = Bones and intestines


The bones Finnish luuranko selk selkranka English skeleton back spine

iho solisluu lapaluu kyynrp ranne rystyset kynsi lonkka lantio polvi nilkka The intestines Finnish siselin keuhko sydn verisuoni laskimo valtimo vatsalaukku suoli persuoli umpisuoli munuainen maksa sappirakko haima perna virtsarakko kohtu munasarja

skin collarbone shoulderblade elbow wrist knuckles nail hip pelvis knee ankle English internal organ lung heart vein vein artery stomach bowel rectum appendix kidney liver gall bladder pancreas spleen bladder womb ovary Related vocabulary Body parts : Bodyparts with pictures : Body care products

Animals Zoo animals

Finnish

English

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

tiger penguin polar jkarhu bear karhu bear kilpikonna turtle apina monkey Related vocabulary Mammals : Insects : Domestic animals

virtahepo krme kirahvi leijona elefantti / norsu tiikeri pingviini

hippo snake giraffe lion elephant

Domestic animals

Finnish

English

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

hevonen horse kissa cat tipu chick pulu pigeon ankka duck aasi donkey vuohi goat vasikka calf lammas sheep kukko rooster karitsa lamb koira dog kana chicken ankanpoikanen duckling kaniini rabbit lehm cow hanhi goose Related vocabulary Birds : Fish : Reptiles

Fish

Finnish makean veden kala suolaisen veden kala ahven ankerias harjus harmaannieri hauki kampela kapakala karppi kiiski kirjolohi kolja kuha kuore lahna lohi makrilli meriahven meriahven meriantura merilohi meritaimen miekkakala muikku mullo nahkiainen nieri pallas piikkikampela puna-ahven punakampela puronieri Ruijan-pallas ruutana sampi seiti

English fresh water fish salt water fish perch eel greyling lake trout pike flounder dried cod carp ruff rainbow trout haddock pikeperch smelt bream salmon mackerel sea bass sea bass sole Atlantic salmon sea trout swordfish vendace mullet lamprey char halibut turbot red snapper plaice brook trout halibut Crucian carp sturgeon haddock

siika silakka silli suutari srki syne taimen tonnikala turska simpukat ravut yriiset kilpiyriiset hummeri osterit katkaravut katkarapu langustirapu

lake whitefish Baltic herring herring tench roach ide, chub trout tunny cod clams, mussels (hard-shell) crabs crayfish shall-fish lobster oysters prawns shrimp shiny lobster Related vocabulary Fishing : Insects : Reptiles : Mammals

Mammals

Finnish hiiri hirvi hylje karhu karitsa karja lehm hrk sonni vasikka hevonen ori tamma

English mouse moose seal bear lamb cattle cow ox bull calf horse stallion mare

varsa sika karju metssika lammas vuohi susi kettu naali ahma ilves jalopeura / leijona kuusipeura metskauris peura saksanhirvi poro lepakko orava liito-orava majava myyr myr nt sarvikuono saukko siili supikoira valas mursu strutsi talitiainen teeri tervapsky tiira tikka tilhi trmpsky varis varpunen vstrkki

foal pig boar badger sheep goat wolf fox actic fox wolverine lynx lion fallow deer roe deer caribou red deer reindeer bat squirrel flying squirrel beaver mole badger marten rhino otter hedgehog raccoon dog whale walrus ostrich great tit black grouse swift tern woodpecker waxwing bank swallow crow sparrow wagtail Related vocabulary Fish : Domestic animals : Insects : Zoo animals

Reptiles

Finnish matelija krme kyykrme rantakrme kobra silmlasikrme sisilisko kilpikonna alligaattori krokotiili kaimaani suokilpikonna sammakko rupisammakko etana

English reptile snake adder grass snake cobra spectacled cobra lizard turtle alligator crocodile caiman terrapin frog toad snail Related vocabulary Mammals : Fish : Birds : Zoo animals

Insects

Finnish hynteinen krpnen hyttynen / sski perhonen ampiainen mehilinen kimalainen paarma kovakuoriainen leppkerttu sudenkorento heinsirkka muurahainen hmhkki mato punkki kirppu ti lude torakka satiainen loinen sypliset toukka

English insect fly mosquito butterfly wasp bee bumblebee horsefly beetle ladybug dragonfly grasshopper ant spider worm tick flea louse bedbug cockroach groin louse parasite vermins larva Related vocabulary Zoo animals : Fish : Domestic animals

Birds

Finnish fasaani

English pheasant

flamingo haikara hanhi harakka haukka joutsen kakadu kanahaukka kivitasku kolibri korppi kotka kottarainen kuovi kurki kyyhky kki leivonen lokki maakotka metso metsstyshaukka naakka nrhi palokrki peipponen pelikaani pingviini pulu punatulkku pskynen pll rastas riikinkukko satakieli sorsa strutsi talitiainen teeri tervapsky tiira tikka tilhi trmpsky varis varpunen vstrkki

flamingo stork goose magpie hawk swan cockatoo goshawk wheatear hummingbird raven eagle starling curlew crane dove cuckoo lark gull golden eagle wood grouse falcon rook jay black woodpecker chaffinch pelican penguin pigeon bullfinch swallow owl fieldfare peacock nightingale wild duck ostrich great tit black grouse swift tern woodpecker waxwing bank swallow crow sparrow wagtail Related vocabulary Reptiles : Fish : Domestic animals : Zoo animals

FOOD Breakfast

Finnish Juotavaa kahvi kahvi kerman kera kofeiiniton kahvi musta kahvi tee tee sitruunan kera maito kaakao tomaattimehu tuoremehu Munat kananmuna kovaksi keitetty muna pehmeksi keitetty muna kinkkua ja munia pekonia ja munia munakokkeli paistetut munat uppomunat Makeiset hunaja sokeri hillo marmeladi voisarvi smpyl Leip leipviipale tumma leip

English Drinks coffee coffee with cream decaffeinated coffee black coffee tea tea with lemon milk hot chocolate milk tomato juice fruit juice Eggs egg hard-boiled egg soft-boiled egg ham and eggs bacon and eggs scrambled eggs fried eggs poached eggs Sweets honey sugar jam marmelade croissant roll Bread a slice of bread brown bread

vaalea leip ruisleip karjalan piirakka Muut murot puuro mysli

white bread rye bread Karelian pasty Others cereals porridge muesli Related vocabulary Vegetables : Fruit : Berries : Meat

Vegetables

No. 1. 2. 3.

Finnish maissi brysselinkaali / ruusukaali peruna

English corn Brussels sprouts potato

4. tomaatti 5. pinaatti 6. kurkku 7. lehtisalaatti 8. parsakaali 9. punakaali 10. selleri 11. valkosipuli 12. porkkana 13. parsa 14. kukkakaali 15. sipuli 16. herne 17. retiisi 18. sieni Muut vihannekset papu lanttu punajuuri ruohosipuli

tomato spinach cucumber lettuce broccoli red cabbage celery garlic carrot asparagus cauliflower onion pea radish mushroom Other vegetables bean Swedish turnip beetroot chive Related vocabulary Drinks : Cooking : Miscellaneous food items : Herbs & spices

Fruit

Hedelmt No. Finnish 1. omena 2. kiivi 3. mansikka

Fruits English apple kiwi strawberry

4. banaani banana 5. appelsiini orange 6. vadelma raspberry 7. omena apple 8. tummat viinirypleet black grapes 9. persikka peach 10. mustikka blueberry 11. kookosphkin coconut 12. kirsikat cherries 13. sitruuna lemon 14. ananas pinaple 15. vaaleat viinirypleet green grapes 16. meloni melon 17. pryn pear Muut hedelmt Other fruits aprikoosi apricot viikunat figs greippi grapefruit luumut plums mandariini tangerine Related vocabulary Vegetables : Herbs & spices : Miscellaneous food items : Berries

Berries

Marjat Finnish juolukka karhunvatukka karpalo karviaismarja kirsikka lillukka mansikka mesimarja mustaherukka mustikka pihlajanmarja punaherukka

Berries English bog whortleberry blackberry cranberry gooseberry cherry stone bramble strawberry arctic bramble black currant blueberry rowanberry red currant

puolukka tyrni vadelma variksenmarja viinimarja

lingonberry buckthorn raspberry black crowberry currant Related vocabulary Vegetables : Herbs & spices : Miscellaneous food items : Fruit

Herbs & spices

Yrtit ja mausteet Finnish timjami anis basilika chili inkivri kaneli kardemumma korianteri kumina kurkuma laventeli limetti maustepippuri meirami minttu muskottiphkin mustapippuri oregano paprika persilja piparminttu pippuri

Herbs and spices English thyme aniseed basil cayenne pepper / chilli ginger cinnamon cardamom coriander cumin turmeric lavender lime allspice marjoram mint nutmeg black pepper oregano paprika parsley peppermint pepper

punapippuri rakuuna rosmariini ruohosipuli safrani salvia seesami tilli vanilja

red pepper tarragon rosemary chives saffron sage sesame dill vanilla Related vocabulary Vegetables : Fruit : Berries : Cooking

Meat

Finnish Siipikarja ankka fasaani hanhi kalkkuna kana kanalintu kurppa kyyhkynen peltopyy viiriinen Liharuoat gulassi hampurilainen jnis jauheliha kani kryle kinkku lihakryleet lihapullat makkara muhennos naudanliha

English Poultry duck pheasant goose turkey chicken fowl snipe pigeon partridge quail Meat dishes goulash hamburger hare minced meat rabbit collared beef ham beef olives meat balls sausage stew beef

nuoren lampaan liha pihvi sianliha sianlihamakkarat vasikanliha vasikanp villisika viilokki Osat aivot kieli lapa maksa munuaiset paisti reisi Valmistustavat filee haudutettu keitetty lihahyst muhennettu paistettu piirakka savustettu suolattu

lamb steak pork pork sausages veal calf's head wild boar fricassee Parts brains tongue shoulder liver kidneys joint leg Cooking ways fillet steamed boiled ragout braised, stewed fried pie smoked salted Related vocabulary Hunting : Cooking : Vegetables : Herbs & spices

Beverages

Finnish Viini punaviini valkoviini burgundiviini omenaviini

English Wine red wine white wine burgundy apple wine

samppanja hapan kuiva kyps makea mieto sekoitus uusi vanha vuosikerta vkev Muut alkoholijuomat olut pullotettu olut lasi olutta tlkkiolut brandy gini grogi katkerot konjakki likri aprikoosilikri kirsikkalikri munalikri munkkilikri punssi rommi siideri viski vodka Alkoholittomat juomat appelsiinijuoma limonadi mehu pirtel tuoremehu appelsiinimehu greippimehu mustaherukkamehu sitruunamehu vesi kivennisvesi mineraalivesi soodavesi kahvi

champagne sour dry mature sweet light blended new old vintage strong Other alcoholic drinks beer bottled beer a glass of beer canned beer brandy gin grog bitters cognac liqueur apricot brandy cherry brandy Advocaat Benedictine punch rum cider whiskey vodka Soft drinks orangeade lemonade juice milkshake fruit juice orange juice grapefruit juice blackcurrant juice lemon juice water tonic mineral water soda coffee

tee kaakao maito

tea hot chocolate milk milk Related vocabulary Fruit : Berries : Kitchen appliances and dishes

Miscellaneous food items

No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Finnish maito piim kahvi kerma tee sokeri olut

English milk sour milk coffee cream tea sugar beer

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56.

limsa murot puuro leivos kakku jtel keksi suklaa viineri pulla smpyl ranskanleip voi voileip juusto marmeladi ruisleip karjalanpiirakka kurkku tomaatti salaatti kaali porkkana herne sieni mansikka viinirypleet kirsikka banaani sitruuna appelsiini omena pryn sipuli valkosipuli peruna anjovissilyke katkarapu rapu kala kana paisti kyljys kinkku jauheliha makkara muna nakkimakkara lenkkimakkara

soft drink cereals porridge pastry cake ice cream cookie chocolate Danish pastry coffee bread roll baguette butter sandwich cheese marmelade rye bread Karelian pie cucumber tomato lettuce cabbage carrot pea mushroom strawberry grapes cherry banana lemon orange apple pear onion garlic potato a can of anchovy shrimp crayfish fish chicken roast chop ham minced meat sausage egg frankfurter loop sausage

57. sinappi 58. ketsuppi

mustard ketchup Related vocabulary Vegetables : Herbs & spices : Cooking : Hunting: Fish

Dishes and kitchen appliances

Finnish Kodinkoneet uuni keittolevyt mikroaaltouuni astianpesukone jkaappi pesukone vatkain yleiskone sauvasekoitin vedenlmmitin leivnpaahdin pakastin kahvinkeitin Katettu pyt haarukka lusikka veitsi teelusikka lautanen syv lautanen vesilasi viinilasi kuppi muki teevati suolakko pippurisirotin pytliina

English Kitchen appliances oven cooking plates microwave oven dishwasher fridge washing machine whisker, beater blender mixer water heater toaster freezer coffee machine The set table fork spoon knife tea spoon plate soup plate water glass wine glass cup mug saucer salt shaker pepper shaker tablecloth

munakuppi kulho sokerikko kahvipannu teekannu maitokannu hammastikku korkkiruuvi pullonavaaja lautasliina tarjoiluvati tuhkakuppi

egg cup bowl sugar bowl coffee pot tea pot milk jug toothpick corkscrew bottle opener napkin serving dish ashtray Related vocabulary Beverages : Cooking : Important basics : Relationships

Cooking

Finnish Verbit laittaa ruokaa keitt kiehauttaa pilkkoa sipuli vatkata sekoittaa list sulattaa voita sulattaa lihaa rikkoa muna maustaa kuoria banaani kuoria peruna kuoria muna annostella valmistaa / valmistella kypsent

English Verbs to prepare food to boil to bring to the boil to chop up an onion to whisk, to beat to mix together to add to melt the butter to defrost the meat to break an egg to add seasoning to peel a banana to peel a potato to shell an egg to measure out to prepare to cook

kuumentaa tarjoilla korjata pyt tiskata Keittitarvikkeet teelusikka ruokalusikka haarukka veitsi lautanen pannu kattila leivinpaperi uuni keittolevyt mikroaaltouuni astianpesukone jkaappi pesukone vatkain yleiskone sauvasekoitin vedenlmmitin leivnpaahdin pakastin kahvinkeitin

to heat up to serve to clear the table to do the dishes Kitchen tools tea spoon tablespoon fork knife plate pan kettle greaseproof paper oven cooking plates microwave oven dishwasher fridge washing machine whisker, beater blender mixer waterheater toaster freezer coffee machine Related vocabulary Miscellaneous food items : Dishes and kitchen appliances : Meat

To listen

So what's the difference between kuulla, kuunnella, kuulostaa and kuulostella? It's really quite simple: 1. Kuulla means "to hear". Hearing happens without having to focus on it, unlike listening. Examples:

Min kuulen ni. Kuule, min olen ajatellut... 2. Kuunnella means "to listen".

I hear voices. Listen, I have been thinking...

Examples: Min kuuntelen radiota. I listen to the radio. Kuunteletko? Are you listening? 3. Kuulostaa means "to sound like". It always gets used in combination with the elative case. Examples: Milt lintu kuulostaa? What does the bird sound like? Se kuulostaa iloiselta. It sounds happy. 4. Kuulostella gets used very rarely, usually when you try to find out about something. Example: Yritn kuulostella mit mielt hn on asiasta. I try to find out what opinion he has about the matter. Similar pages To play : To study : Groups of synonyms : Finnish sayings

Describing people

Finnish Minklainen ihminen sin olet? Min olen ahkera ja vaatimaton. Hn on hyvin lempe. Mies on komea, nainen on kaunis. Millainen on ihannemiehesi? Asia on niin, ett olen...

English What kind of a person are you? I'm hard-working and modest. She is very gentle. Man is handsome, woman is beautiful. What is your ideal man like? The case is that I am...

Minulla on vaalea tukka. Minulla on siniset silmt. Minkvriset silmt sinulla on? Minkvriset hiukset sinulla on? Minknkinen hn on? Hnell on voimakas luonne. Hn on todella pihi rahoistaan. Millainen on ihannenaisesi?

I have blonde hair. I have blue eyes. What colour are your eyes? What colour is your hair? What does he look like? He has a strong personality. She is really tight with money.

Hn on pitk, solakka, hyvnnkinen, vaalea ja sinisilminen. She is tall, slender, good-looking, fair and blue-eyed.

Hyvnnkinen: -nkinen is an adjective formed from the noun "nk" (=sight) Sinisilminen: sininen = blue. Compound words with the word blue usually have the shortened form "sini". "Silminen" is never used on its own: it is always part of a compund word. Silminen is formed from the noun "silm" (=eye) with the common ending for adjectives -inen. Millainen on ihannemiehesi?

Hn on tummatukkainen, on hyvin pukeutunut, hnell on viikset, mutta ei partaa. He is dark-haired, he is well-dressed, he has a moustache, but not a beard.

Tummatukkainen: The second part of this adjective is formed from the noun "tukka" (=hair) with the adjective ending -inen. Millainen on ihannemiehesi?

Hn on urheilullinen, ruskeasilminen, keskipitk, kiharatukkainen ja hnell voi olla lyhyt parta. He is sporty, brown-eyed, medium height, curly-haired and he may have a short beard.

Urheilullinen: the basic word is "urheilu" (=sports). Adjectives can also be formed with the ending -llinen. Ruskeasilminen: "ruskea" means brown, and the adjective is formed the same way as "sinisilminen". Kiharatukkainen: "kihara" means curly, and the adjective is formed the same way as "tummatukkainen". Finnish English Ulkonk Looks hauskannkinen funny-looking hoikka slender hyvnnkinen good-looking komea handsome kaunis beautiful laiha slim lihaksikas muscular lihava fat lyhyt short nuori young pitk tall punatukkainen red-haired pyylev plump roteva robust ruma ugly

ruskeasilminen siev sinisilminen solakka tukeva tummatukkainen vaalea vaaleahiuksinen vakavannkinen vanha ylipainoinen Luonne ahkera aloitekykyinen ankara antelias ahne arka arvostettu avoin egoistinen empaattinen ennakkoluuloinen ennakkoluuloton epilyttv epitseks epluuloinen eprehellinen epriv epvarma epystvllinen eriskummallinen fiksu harkitseva hauska heikko herkk hidas hienotunteinen hiljainen huumorintajuinen huolellinen huomaavainen hyv hijy hikilemtn iloinen itseks

brown-eyed pretty blue-eyed slender chubby dark-haired fair(-skinned) blonde-haired serious-looking old overweight, obese Personality hard-working enterprising harsh, strict generous greedy scared valued, appreciated open egoistical empatical prejudiced open-minded suspicious unselfish mistrustful dishonest indecisive insecure unfriendly eccentric smart thoughtful funny weak sensitive slow thoughtful quiet humorous careful, thorough polite, courteous good wicked ruthless happy selfish

itseninen itsepinen itserakas itsevarma jalomielinen joustava julma jrjestelmllinen kamala kateellinen kavala kekselis kiivas kova kunniallinen kunnianhimoinen kuolematon kuuluisa kuuro kyyninen krsivllinen ktev kyh laiska lempe leppoisa looginen luotettava luova lyhytjnteinen mielikuvituksekas miettelis mustasukkainen myyntihenkinen mrtietoinen nirso nokkela nopea nppr oma-aloitteinen onnellinen onneton oppimishaluinen oppimiskykyinen optimistinen ovela paha pahantuulinen peloton

independent stubborn cocky, stuck-up self-assured generous flexible cruel systematic, methodical frightful jealous sly inventive, innovative hot-tempered harsh, strict honorable ambitious immortal famous deaf cynical patient handy in many things poor lazy gentle laid-back logical reliable creative impatient imaginative thoughtful jealous (love-related) focussed on the sales determined, single-minded picky (practical) smart fast handy, good and fast spontaneous happy unlucky wants to learn learns easily optimistic sharp evil ill-tempered fearless

persoonallinen perusteellinen pessimistinen pitkjnteinen pohtiva puhelias pttvinen rauhallinen rehellinen reipas rento riippumaton rikas saamaton sairas saita seurallinen sotkuinen stressaantuva surullinen suvaitsevainen taitava tarkka tarmokas tasapainoinen terve totinen tuhma turhamainen tyhm tyls tyytymtn tyytyvinen tsmllinen uhkarohkea ujo urheilullinen urhoollinen uskalias uskollinen uskoton vaatimaton vahva vaitelias vakava vakuuttava vallanhimoinen vastuutuntoinen vihamielinen

special profound, strict pessimistic patient considerate talkative determined, decisive peaceful honest, truthful energetic, with good intentions relaxed independent rich lazy sick stingy sociable messy easily stressed sad tolerant, open-minded skilled accurate brisk, energetic well-balanced healthy earnest naughty vain stupid boring unsatisfied content precise, exact foolhardy shy, timid sporty valiant bold faithful, devote unfaithful modest strong quiet serious convincing power-hungry responsible hostile

vihainen viisas vilkas villi vilpitn vkivaltainen vlittvinen yhteistykykyinen yksininen yrittelis ystvllinen kkipikainen lyks neks

angry wise wild, energetic wild frank, sincere violent caring good at team work lonely energetic, doesn't give up friendly quick-tempered intelligent loud Other vocabulary Greeting people : Expressing your opinion : Family members

At the doctor's

Finnish Spesialisti lkri nenlkri hammaslkri gynekologi urologi elinlkri kirurgi silmlkri plastiikkakirurgi psykiatri psykologi sairaanhoitaja ihotautilkri lastenlkri neurologi nukutuslkri Mik teit vaivaa? Minua pyrrytt.

English Specialist doctor nose specialist dentist gynacologist urologist veterinarian surgeon eye surgeon plastic surgeon psychiatrist psychologist nurse dermatologist children's specialist neurologist anaestetist What's wrong? I'm dizzy. / I feel like fainting.

Min olen sairas. Min voin pahoin. Minulla on huono olo. Min olen vilustunut. Thn koskee. Minua oksettaa. Olen oksentanut. Minulla on kuumetta. Olen saanut haavan. Olen polttanut itseni. Olen kaatunut. Selk on kipe. / Selk srkee. Minua on purrut... koira krme jokin elin Minua on pistnyt... ampiainen jokin hynteinen Minulla on/oli... aivohalvaus aivotrhdys ajos, paise allergia anemia auringonpistos astma bronkiitti diabetes emntientulehdus epilepsia flunssa heinnuha hengitysvaikeudet ihotauti keskenmeno keuhkokuume kitarisantulehdus korvatulehdus lavantauti leukemia malaria merisairaus migreeni munuaiskivet nivelreuma

I'm sick. I feel sick. I feel bad. I have a cold. It hurts here. I feel like throwing up. I've thrown up. I have a fever. I have cut myself. I've burned myself. I have fallen. My back hurts. I've been bitten by... a dog a snake an animal I've been stung by... a wasp an insect I have/had a stroke a concussion an abscess allergy anemia sunstroke asthma bronchitis diabetes vaginal infection epilepsy the flu, influenza hay-fever difficulty in breathing skin disease miscarriage pneumonia tonsillitis inflammation of the ear typhoid leukemia malaria sea-sickness migraine kidney-stones arthritis

noidannuoli nrstys paleltuma polio sairaus tartunta tuberkuloosi reumatismi ripuli ruokamyrkytys sappikivet selksrky sikotauti sokeritauti sokki sukupuolitauti sydnkohtaus sydnvika syp tuhkarokko tulehdus tulirokko umpisuolentulehdus unettomuus vatsahaava vesirokki Lkrin tarvikkeet kuumemittari stetoskooppi alusastia rntgenkuva verikoe Lkkeet antibioottikuuri rauhoittava lke srkylke aspiriini desinfiointiaine e-pillerit side ulostuslke unilkkeet pnsrkypillerit vastamyrkky Muoto tabletti

lumbago heartburn frost-bite polio illness infection tuberculosis rheumatism diarrhea food poisoning gall-stones back ache mumps diabetes shock venereal disease heart attack heart complaint cancer measles an inflammation scarlet fever appendicitis insomnia stomach ulcer chicken pox The doctor's instruments thermometer stethoscope bedpan X-ray blood test Medicines antibiotic treatment tranquilizer painkiller aspirin desinfectant contraceptive pills sling laxative sleeping pills headache pills antidote Form pill

ysknlke korvatipat nentipat kapseli tipat ruiske voide ampulli jauhe, puuteri Muut leikkaus ajanvaraus sairastua sairastaa sairaala hoitaa hoito

cough syrup ear drops nose drops capsule drops injection lotion ampule powder Others surgery appointment to become ill to be ill hospital to take care of care Related vocabulary Verbs about feelings : The senses : Family members : Colours

Age

Finnish ik sukupolvi syntym lapsuus murrosik teini-ikinen nuoruus nuori aikuisik aikuinen olla raskaana synnytt synnytys imetys imett

English age generation birth childhood puberty teenager youth young adulthood adult to be pregnant to give birth delivery breast feeding to breast-feed

adoptoida to adopt ottolapsi adopted child holhooja guardian kasvattaa to raise, to bring up kasvatus upbringing, education lapsilis child benefit elatusapu alimony keski-ik middle age vanhuus old age vanhus senior citizen Other vocabulary Family members : Birth and babyhood : Childhood pastimes : School : Social security

Telling the time


Finnish Paljonko kello on? Mit kello on? Voitteko sanoa mik on oikea aika? Voisitteko sanoa mit kello on? Milloin? Mihin aikaan? Kello on tasan kaksi. Kello on puoli kolme. Kello on viisi minuuttia yli kaksi. Kello on viisi minuuttia vaille kaksi. Kello on varttia yli seitsemn. English What time is it? What time is it? Can you tell me the correct time? Could you tell me what time it is? When? At what time? It's exactly two o'clock. It's half past two. It's five minutes past two. It's five minutes before two. It's a quarter past seven.

1. Kello on puoli viisi. 2. Kello on tasan viisi. 3. Kello on varttia vaille kaksitoista.

4. Kello on varttia yli kaksitoista.

5. Kello on puoli nelj. 6. Kello on kymmenen minuuttia yli yksitoista.

When talking about whole or half hours, you can also use the -lta ending. Here's a little list: Mihin aikaan? kello yksi kello kaksi kello kolme kello nelj kello viisi kello kuusi kello seitsemn kello kahdeksan kello yhdeksn kello kymmenen kello yksitoista kello kaksitoista Moneltako Mikko psee tyst? Mikko psee tyst puoli kymmenelt. Mikko psee tyst yhdekslt. Moneltako? yhdelt kahdelta kolmelta neljlt viidelt kuudelta seitsemlt kahdeksalta yhdekslt kymmenelt yhdelttoista kahdeltatoista At what time does Mikko get off from work? Mikko gets off work at half past nine. Mikko gets off work at nine.

BUT: Mikko psee tyst varttia vaille kahdeksan. Mikko gets off work at a quarter before eight. Mikko psee tyst kymmenen yli yksitoista. Mikko gets off work at ten past eleven. Other vocabulary The numbers : Dates : Age : Death : Social security

Rooms in a house

Huoneet Finnish lattia katto sein matto

The rooms English floor ceiling wall carpet

verhot ovi ikkuna ullakko kellari autotalli

curtains door window attic basement garage

Kylpyhuone Finnish kylpyamme vessa vessapaperi vessanpntt pesuallas peili pyyhe vesihana saippua sampoo

The bathroom English bath tub toilet toilet paper toilet seat sink mirror towel water tap soap shampoo

Keitti Finnish pakastin jkaappi kaappi astianpesukone tiskiallas uuni keittolevyt leivnpaahdin tuoli keittin pyt talouspaperi mikroaaltouuni

The kitchen English freezer fridge cupboard dishwasher kitchen sink oven heating plates toaster chair kitchen table kitchen towel microwave oven

Olohuone Finnish sohva lamppu maalaus kahvipyt kukat tietokone televisio puhelin

The living room English couch lamp painting coffee table flowers computer television telephone

Makuuhuone The bedroom Finnish English snky bed patja mattress peitto blanket tyyny pillow lipasto chest of drawers kirjahylly bookshelf televisio television puhelin telephone Related vocabulary Dishes and kitchen appliances : Body care products : Miscellaneous food items : Fruit

Greeting people

Finnish Hei! Hei, terve Kalle! Hyv huomenta! Hyv piv! Hyv iltaa. Anteeksi ett olen myhss. Ei se mitn.

English Hello! Hi, hello Kalle! Good morning! Good day! Good evening. Sorry that I'm late. It's nothing.

Mit kuuluu? Mit kuuluu? Hyv, kiitos. Hyv vain, kiitos. Mits tss. Ei erikoista. Ei ihmeempi Ent sinulle? Miten voit? / Kuinka voit? Miten voitte? / Kuinka voitte? Hyvin, kiitos. Kiitos kysymst. Voin oikein hyvin. Ei valittamista. Ent te itse? / Ent itsellesi? Miten jaksat? Hyvin, kiitos. Miten menee? Eip kehumista. Ihan mukavasti. Siinhn se menee. Hei hei! Hei sitten. Hyv jatkoa! Kiitos, samoin. Terveisi kotiin. Hyv viikonloppua! Hyv matkaa. Koeta kest! Nhdn Nkemiin. Oli hauska tavata. Oli kiva tavata. Oli mukava nhd. Hyv yt. Kauniita unia! Nuku hyvin.

How are you? How are you? Fine, thanks Just fine, thanks. Nothing special. Nothing special. Nothing special. What about yourself? How are you? (one person) How are you? (plural) Fine, thanks. Thanks for asking. I'm very well. I have no complaints. What about yourself? How are you? Fine, thanks. How's it going? Not too good. Quite well. Not too bad. Bye bye! Bye then. Good continuation (of your day)! Thanks, same to you. Say greetings at home. (Have a) nice weekend! (Have a) nice trip. Take care! See you. Good bye. It was nice to meet you. It was nice to meet you. It was nice to see you. Good night. Sweet dreams! Sleep well.

Related vocabulary Important basics : Family members : Describing people : Relationships

The difference between tai and vai

Both tai and vai mean "or"


1. Tai

When using tai, you are allowing your listener to pick whatever number of possibilites they would like.
Finnish Haluatko sokeria tai kermaa? English Do you want sugar or cream?

The listener can take cream, sugar, both or neither

Is, saanko jtel tai suklaata?

Dad, can I have icecream or chocolate?

Dad can say icrecream, chocolate, both or neither 2. Vai

You are making your listener choose between the possiblities you offer.
Finnish Haluatko kahvia vai teet? English Do you want coffee or tea?

The listener can take coffee, or tea. You are ruling out that he/she takes both of them.

Kumpi on vanhempi kaupunki, Tampere Which is the older city, Tampere or vai Turku? Turku? The listener can either pick Tampere or Turku, but not both.

Vai also has a second meaning: the beginning of a short (not very enthousiastic) reaction to something said, asking for a confirmation.
Finnish Vai niin. Vai teet. Vai mit? Related grammar The partitive : Demonstrative pronouns : Interrogatives English Oh, like that. So, tea. Right? Isn't it?

The difference between mik and mit

Both mik and mit mean "what?"


1. Mik

When using mik, you are referring to a defined, concrete thing, something countable. You use it when you want to know what something is, mostly with the verb olla.
Finnish Mik tm on? Tm on pyt. English What is this? This is a table.

Mik tuo on? Tuo on tuoli.

What is that? That is a chair.

Mik tm on? Tm on jauheliha. 2. Mit

What is this? This is minced meat.

Mit is the partitive form of "mik". When using mit, you are referring to something abstract, something undefined. You mostly use mit with more active verbs than "olla". If you do use "olla", it's usually to find out what something is made of (pork, lamb) rather than what exactly it is (minced meat). When the verb in your sentence is a partitive verb, it makes sense that the questionword is partitive as well.
Finnish Mit tm on? Tm on naudanlihaa. English What is this? This is beef.

Mit kuuluu? Hyv, kiitos.

How are you? I'm well, thanks.

Mit kello on? Kello on viisi yli viisi.

What time it is? It's five past five. Related grammar

The partitive : Demonstrative pronouns : Interrogatives

Also, too
1. In positive sentences

In a positive sentence we can use either -kin or mys in the same sense ("too", "also"). The -kin ending emphasizes the word it is attached to and thus we can alter the meaning of the sentence by adding -kin after different words. In questions -kin cannot be attached to the verb. Then we have to use mys.
Finnish Min tulen mys. Minkin tulen. English I will come, too. I, too, will come.

Tuletko sin mys? Will you come, too? Tuletko sinkin? Will you come, too?

2. In negative sentences

In negative sentences there is either -kaan/-kn or myskn. ("neither", "not either")


Finnish Hn ei tule, enk minkn tule. Sinkn et kai tule. Min en myskn lhde. Sin et kai myskn lhde. English He will not come and neither will I. Probably you will not come either. I will not leave either. Probably you will not leave either.

3. Other meanings of -kaan and -kin

Both "kin" and "kaan" can mean multiple things apart from "also, too". Here's two examples of "kaan" in other meanings than mentioned above:
1. "Lasikenk ei muuttunutkaan tavalliseksi kengksi." "The glass shoe didn't turn into a normal shoe, unlike expected." "Hn tulikin." "He did come." In these examples, the -kin/-kaan expresses that something didn't happen the way people

thought it would happen. 2. "Sin et sanonut sanaakaan." "You didn't even say a word." "Saakohan tst en toimivaa korjaamallakaan?" "Does one get this to work even by fixing it?" In these example, the -kaan translates as "even" Related grammar The verb types : Demonstrative pronouns : Interrogatives : Clitics

Clothes

Finnish Vaatteet aamutakki alushame alushousut aluspaita alusvaatteet anorakki bikinit esiliina / essu farkkupaita farkut farmarit hame

English Clothes dressing gown petticoat underpants undershirt underwear anorak bikini apron jeans shirt jeans blue jeans skirt

hattu olkihattu hiihtohousut housupuku housut lyhyet housut huivi jakku jakkupuku kaulaliina kesmekko korsetti kylpytakki ksineet lantioliivit liivi mokkajakku mokkatakki myssy nahkatakki nenliina paita pikkuhousut polvisukat miehen puku naisen puku pusero rintaliivit sadetakki solmio sortsit stoola sukat sukkahousut takki turkistakki turkki tuulipusero uimahattu uimahousut uimapuku villapaita villatakki ypaita Materiaalit silkki villa puuvilla

hat straw hat ski trousers trouser suit trousers short pants headscarf jacket two piece dress and jacket scarf summer dress corset bathing wrap gloves belt waistcoat suede jacket suede coat cap leather jacket handkerchief shirt panties knee socks suit dress blouse bra raincoat tie shorts stole socks tights coat fur jacket fur coat windcheater bathing cap bathing trunks swimsuit pullover, sweater cardigan nightgown Materials silk wool cotton

nahka keinokuitu pellava sametti mohair turkis kashmir Kuvio yksivrinen raidallinen ruudullinen kuviollinen pilkullinen napit vetoketju vy Muut rannekello rannerengas kaulaketju korvakorut vihkisormus kihlasormus

leather synthetic fibre linen velvet mohair fur cashmere Pattern one colour striped checkered patterned dotted buttons zipper belt Others watch bracelet necklace earrings wedding ring engagement ring Related vocabulary Nature : Garden work : Body parts

School

Finnish koulu opiskelija lukiolainen opettaja kasvattaja rehtori dekaani Koulun tarvikkeet

English school student high schooler teacher educator principal dean Necessities in school

mustataulu liitu koulukirja paperi mustekyn lyijykyn pyyhekumi teroitin penaali laskin

blackboard chalk studybook paper pen pencil eraser pencil-sharpener pencil case calculator

Aiheet historia kemia matematiikka biologia taloustieto englanti fysiikka musiikki maantieto idinkieli Verbit opettaa kouluttaa muistaa unohtaa oppia opiskella kirjoittaa kuunnella lukea tutkia luennoida valmistua Koulut pivkoti leikkikoulu esikoulu alkeiskoulu yhteniskoulu / peruskoulu oppikoulu kansalaiskoulu yksityiskoulu oppilaitos sisoppilaitos

Subjects history chemistry maths biology economics English physics music geography Finnish (mothertongue) Verbs to teach to educate to remember to forget to learn to study to write to listen to read to examine to lecture to graduate Schools kindergarten playschool kindergarten primary school comprehensive school grammar school secondary modern independent school academy boarding school

lukio senior secondary school ammattikoulu trade/vocational school yhteiskoulu co-educational (mixed) school yliopisto university tiedekunta faculty Related vocabulary To study : Intelligence : Mathematics : Chemistry : Geography : Literature : Physics

LEVEL 2 The compass

Finnish kompassi ilmansuunnat pohjoinen koillinen it kaakko etel lounas lnsi luode

English compass points of the compass north northeast east southeast south southwest west northwest Related vocabulary Nature : Space and planets : Hunting : Garden work

Expressing your opinion

Finnish Sanoa, ett tykkt jotakin Minusta tm taulu on hieno. Minun mielestni tm taulu on hieno. Min tykkn tst taulusta. Min pidn tst taulusta. Kysy, tykkk joku jostakin. Onko tm taulu sinusta hyv? Mit mielt olet tst taulusta? Mit pidt tst taulusta? Tykktk sin tst taulusta? Mik on sinun mielipiteesi tst taulusta? Milt sinusta tuntuu? Mit sin ajattelet tst? Olla samaa mielt Niin on. Niin minustakin. Olen samaa mielt kuin sin. Olla eri mielt Ei minusta. Olen eri mielt kuin sin. Minusta tm on hyv kirja.

English Saying that you like something In my opinion, this painting is great. In my opinion, this painting is great. I like this painting. I like this painting. Asking if someone likes something Do you like this painting? What do you think about this painting? Do you like this painting? Do you like this painting? What's your opinion about this painting? How do you feel about it? What do you think about this? Agreeing with someone's opinion I agree. Yes, for me too. I have the same opinion as you.

Disagreeing with someone's opinion For me, not. I have a different opinion. I think this is a good book. Related vocabulary Relationships : Art : Describing people : Music

Professions

Finnish Taiteelliset ammatit kirjailija kuvanveistj maalari muusikko nyttelij runoilija taiteilija valokuvaaja elokuvaohjaaja Luontotyt elinlkri kaivosmies kalastaja maanviljelij pienviljelij metsnvartija metsteknikko metsuri puutarhuri kukkakauppias Ihmislheiset ammatit edustaja asianajaja hammaslkri henkivartija kampaaja ktil kaupunginjohtaja lkri myyj

English Artsy professions writer sculptor painter musician actor poet artist photographer film director Nature work veterinarian miner fisherman farmer small farmer forester forester lumberjack gardener florist People professions represantive lawyer dentist bodyguard hairdresser midwife mayor doctor shop assistant

ompelija opettaja optikko parturi kauppias perheenemnt poliisi poliitikko postinkantaja rtli sairaanhoitaja sihteeri tarjoilija tulkki tuomari jalkojenhoitaja hieroja sosiaalikuraattori nuorisotyntekij kodinhoitaja psykologi Rakennusalan ammatit arkkitehti historioitsija insinri kirvesmies / puusepp lukkosepp mekaanikko maalari muurari putkimies shkasentaja teknikko rakennusmestari hitsaaja sepp Tieteelliset ammatit tiedemies tutkija kemisti biologi geologi meteorologi fyysikko laborantti Toimistoty

dressmaker teacher optician barber shopkeeper housewife police officer politician postman tailor nurse secretary waiter, barman interpreter judge chiropodist masseur, masseuse welfare officer youth worker trained homehelp psychologist House building professions architect historian engineer carpenter locksmith mechanic painter bricklayer plumber electrician technician building engineer welder smith Scientific professions scientist researcher chemist biologist geologist meteorologist physicist laboratory worker Clerical work

kirjanpitj konekirjoittaja / yleiskonttoristi konttoripllikk laskuttaja osastopllikk pormestari pjohtaja sihteeri talouspllikk toimistovirkailija valtion virkamies Kuljetusty merimies merikapteeni lentj kartanlukija lentoemnt lennonjohtaja bussinkuljettaja kuorma-autoilija taksinkuljettaja Muut ammatit ajo-opettaja apteekkari arkeologi arkistonhoitaja astronautti jalokivikauppias kansantieteilij keittj / kokki kellosepp kirjakauppias kirjastonhoitaja kuljettaja lehtimies leipuri lihakauppias meklari notaari pankkivirkailija rautatielinen myyj rohdoskauppias suutari rehtori luennoitsija museonhoitaja

accountant, book-keeper typist office manager invoice clerk, billing clerk departmental director mayor, city manager managing director secretary financial manager clerk civil servant Transportation work sailor, seaman sea captain pilot navigator steward air traffic controller bus driver truck driver taxi driver Other professions driving instructor pharmacist archeologist archivist astronaut jeweler anthropologist cook watchmaker book seller librarian driver journalist baker butcher broker notary banker railwayman salesman chemist shoemaker headmaster, principal lecturer curator

kntj mainosmies mainostoimittaja kauppaedustaja tukkukauppias vhittis-kauppias varastonhoitaja

translator advertiser copywriter sales representative wholesaler retailer warehouse keeper Related vocabulary At the doctor's : At the shop : The press : At the library

Intensifiers
When you want to make an adjective stronger, you can use for example "really" and "very" in English. Example: a big boat, a really big boat. These two belong to the first group in the table hereunder: they're intensitivity particles. The second group is the one which contains in English "terribly" (as in terribly difficult), "stunningly" (as in stunningly beautiful) and "extremely" (as in extremely important). As you can see, in English you take the -ly form of a word. In Finnish you take the genitive form! Intensifying particles Examples aika kaunis aivan huono erittin hyv ihan kaunis kovin vaikea melko kaunis oikein kaunis perin trke sangen hyvin varsin hyv verrattain kaunis ylen onnellinen todella kaunis tosi kaunis hyvin kaunis ylen onnellinen

Intensifiers aika aivan erittin ihan kovin melko oikein perin sangen varsin verrattain ylen todella tosi hyvin ylen

In English pretty beautiful really bad extremely good quite beautiful terribly difficult fairly beautiful truly beautiful highly, exceedingly important perfectly well fairly good relatively beautiful exceedingly happy very beautiful very beautiful greatly beautiful exceedingly happy

Intensifiers erikoisen helvetin hirven ihmeen ilmeisen kauhean kohtalaisen

Genitive forms of nominatives Examples In English erikoisen sopiva particularly suited helvetin vaikea hellishly difficult hirven iso awfully big ihmeen hyvin wonderfully well ilmeisen selv evidently clear kauhean vaikea terribly difficult kohtalaisen kaunis reasonably beautiful

kohtuuttoman mahdollisimman mahdottoman suhteellisen suhteettoman tavattoman uskomattoman rettmn

kohtuuttoman vaikea unduly difficult mahdollisimman hyvin in the best possible way mahdottoman suuri enormously big suhteellisen helppo relatively easy suhteettoman suuri disproportionately large tavattoman vaikea awfully, exceedingly difficult uskomattoman kaunis unbelievably beautiful rettmn pieni infinitesimal Related vocabulary Describing people : Basic adjectives : People

Mathematics

Finnish Verbit jakaa kertoa vhent laskea yhteen list tarkistaa laskea ratkaista Geometria suora jana ympyr halkaisija sde kulma suorakulma kolmio neli paraabeli lieri kartio

English Verbs to devide to multiply to subtract to add up, total up to add to check to count to solve Geometry straight line segment circle diameter radius angle right angle triangle square parabola cylinder cone

kuutio pyramidi tilavuus Muut reaaliluku kokonaisluku murtoluku laskuoppi laskutehtv aritmetiikka luku parillinen luku pariton luku perusluku jrjestysluku alkuluku numero laskin virhe kertotaulu kertolasku vhennyslasku jako

cubic pyrami volume Other real number integral number fraction arithmetic arithmetical problem arithmetic number even number odd number cardinal number ordinal number prime number figure calculator mistake multiplication table multiplication subtraction division Related vocabulary Numbers : Intelligence : Money

Physics

Finnish Shk shkinen shkvirta tasavirta vaihtovirta shkkipin

English Electricity electric electric current direct current alternating current electric spark

shkistys virtapiiri shkisku shkistv shklaitteet elektroniikka Rntgenkuvaus rntgenlaite rntgensde tyhjiputki akustiikka vrhdell vrhdin kaiku luotain Lmpoppi lmmnsdin lmp lmmitt lmpenergia lmmnjohdin hyry hyryturbiini haihduttaa tiivisty lauhdutus laajeta sulaa sulamispiste kiehua Muut magneetismi magneetti magneettikentt magneettinapa generaattori dynamo johtaa johdin jnnite muuntaja jakaja jakokeskus shkpylvs / kannatinpylvs eristin kuormitus

electrification electric circuit electric shock electrical electrical equipment electronics Radiography X-ray machine X-ray vaccuum tube accoustics to resonate vibrator echo radar thermology thermostat heat to heat heat energy heat conductor steam steam turbine to vaporize to condense condensation to expand to melt melting point to boil Other magnetism magnet magnetic field magnetic pole generator generator to conduct conductor, wire tension transformer distributor destributor (center) pylon insulator load

vastus mikroprosessori johto kaapeli pistoke pistorasia katkaisin heijastua heijastuminen varjo painovoima kiihtyvyys todistaa valo steill taittua taittuminen rntgensde rntgenlaite

resistance microprocessor wire cable plug socket switch to reflect reflection shadow gravitation acceleration to verify light to radiate to refract refraction X-ray X-ray machine Related vocabulary Numbers : Intelligence : Money

Chemistry

Finnish kemiallinen reaktioyhtl alkuaine molekyyli ioni atomi atomipaino reaktio yhdiste sidos kaava metalli epmetalli kiinte neste

English chemical chemical equation element monecule ion atom atomic weight, mass reaction compound, mixture bond formula metal non-metal solid liquid

kaasu liueta liuos happo, hapan happamuus ems tislaus suodatus indikaattori elektrolyysi elektrolyytti anodi katodi happi vety typpi typpihappo rikki rikkihappo hiili kalium hiilihydraatti proteiini rasva

gas to dissolve solution acid acidity base distillation filtration indicator electrolysis electrolyte anode, positive pole cathode, negative pole oxigen hydrogen nitrogen nitric acid sulphur sulphuric acid carbon potassium carbohydrate protein lipid, fat Related vocabulary Mathematics : Physics : Geography

Means of transportation

Finnish auto henkilauto maastoauto kuorma-auto juna tavarajuna pikajuna

English car passenger car jeep truck train freight train express train

bussi raitiovaunu metro lentokone helikopteri kuumailmapallo pyr / polkupyr rullaluistimet rullalauta Menen tyhn autolla. Kuljetan tavaraa kuorma-autolla. Menen Kuopioon junalla. Menen Tampereelle bussilla. Menen kirjakauppaan raitiovaunulla. Menen Amerikkaan lentokoneella. Menen sairaalaan helikopterilla. Menen seikkailulle kuumailmapallolla. Menen kauppaan pyrll. Menen kirjastoon rullaluistimilla. Menen puistoon rullalaudalla. Menen kotiin kvellen.

bus tram metro airplane helicopter hot air balloon bike / bicycle roller skates skateboard I go to work by car. I transport goods with a truck. I go to Kuopio by train. I go to Tampere by bus. I go to the book store with the tram. I go to America by plane. I go the the hospital by helicopter. I go on adventures with a hot air balloon. I go to the shop by bike. I go to the library on roller skates. I go to the park on a skateboard. I go home by foot.

When you do something with the use of a certain object, you use the -lla ending. This mostly happens with vehicles, but you could for example also say "Min syn lusikalla", which would mean "I eat by spoon", or in better English: "I eat with a spoon". Related grammar The adessive : Vowel harmony Related vocabulary Traffic

Traffic

Finnish Kadut katu tie

English Streets street road

kuja kaista valtatie moottoritie maatie oikotie kiertotie / ohikulkuvyl yksisuuntainen suojatie jalkakytv pyrtie risteys Ihmiset pyrilij jalankulkija bussinkuljettaja taksinkuljettaja liikennitsij rattijuoppo Verbit tankata ajaa kaahata kynnist pyrill ylitt katu vaihtaa kaistaa loukkaantua haavoittua vaurioitua liikennid jarruttaa ohittaa kaasuttaa / kiihdytt ajaa kolaria Muut huoltoasema bussipyskki kolari trmys kuolonkolari ruuhka-aika ylinopeus vakuutus sakko liikennemerkki

lane (road with trees) lane (section of the road) main road highway high road shortcut detour one-way pedestrian crossing pavement cycle path crossroads People cyclist pedestrian bus driver taxi driver traffic contractor drunk driver Verbs to refuel to drive to drive recklessly to start to bicycle to cross the street to change lanes to be wound, injured to be wounded to be damaged to maintain traffic to brake to overtake to accelerate to have an accident Other gas station bus stop car accident collision fatal car accident rush-hour speeding insurance fine traffic sign

liikennesnnt liikennevalot liikenneympyr joukkoliikenne ykksvaihde kakkosvaihde kypr ilmastointi ratti rengas katulamppu

traffic regulations traffic lights roundabout public transportation firth gear second gear helmet air conditioning wheel tire streetlight Related vocabulary Means of transportation : In the airport : Travelling

Family members

Finnish sisarukset veli sisko / sisar vanhemmat iti is

English siblings brother sister parents mother father

ispuoli itipuoli sisarpuoli velipuoli tytrpuoli poikapuoli tti set eno serkku sisarenpoika veljenpoika sisarentytr veljentytr isovanhemmat isoiti / mummu isois / ukki / vaari lastenlapset pojantytr tyttrentytr pojanpoika tyttrenpoika isoisnis lapsenlapsen lapsi kummivanhemmat kummiset kummitti kummipoika kummitytr / kummitytt kly lanko anoppi appi mini vvy mies minun mieheni vaimo minun vaimoni

stepfather stepmother stepsister stepbrother stepdaughter stepbrother aunt uncle, father's brother uncle, mother's brother cousin nephew, sister's son nephew, bother's son niece, sister's daughter niece, brother's daughter grandparents grandmother grandfather grandchildren granddaughter, son's daughter granddraughter, daughter's daughter grandson, son's son grandson, daughter's son great-grandfather great-grandchild godparents godfather godmother godson goddaughter sister-in-law bother-in-law mother-in-law father-in-law daughter-in-law son-in-law man / husband my husband wife my wife

People

This list contains mostly words that end in -ja/-j. This list is NOT meant to be completely about those though. It should give you an idea of how you could call a person (such as liar, gossip, dreamer). It doesn't contain professions that end in -ja like virkailija (clerk), kuljettaja (driver) and opettaja (teacher). It doesn't contain words like jalankulkija (pedestrian) either!

Finnish mielistelij perseennuolija liehakoitsija lrpttelij lavertelija hlsuu rvsuu juorukello kantelija kerskailija optimisti pessimisti valehtelija arkailija juoppo flirttailija keimailija haihattelija hidastelija hienostelija hulluttelija leikinlaskija ilkkuja hurjastelija ihmistuntija irstailija

English flatterer asskisser, asslicker fawner, flatterer chatterbox chatterbox bigmouth bigmouth gossip telltale boaster, braggard optimist pessimist liar coward drunk flirt coquette, flirt dreamer laggard snob practical joker joker mocker madcap (a good) judge of people dirty old man

huijari lunttaaja petkuttaja kehuskelija huijari kavaltaja teeskentelij kitsastelija kiusaaja kiusoittelija maleksija marisija naistenvihaaja onnenonkija parittaja pilkkaaja seikkailija kuhnuri laiskuri nynny murehtija

cheater cheat cheat, swindler, imposter blusterer, swaggerer swindler, cheat traitor hypocrite niggard teaser, bully tease, chaff loafer, loiterer grouch, crank woman-hater opportunist procurer scoffer, mocker adventurer drone, sluggard idler, loiterer sissy worrier Related vocabulary Words ending in -kko : Basic adjectives : Describing people

Flowers

Finnish akasia apila asteri auringonkukka begonia hyasintti daalia jasmiini keltanarsissi kielo krysanteemi kurjenmiekka laventeli

English acacia clover aster sunflower begonia hyacinth dahlia jasmine daffodil lilly-of-the-valley crysanthemum iris lavender

lemmikki lilja lumme narsissi neilikka orkidea orvokki pivnkakkara ruusu tulppaani unikko vuokko maljakko kukkaruukku kukkapenkki kukallinen

forget-me-not lily water lily narcissus carnation orchid violet daisy rose tulip poppy anemone vase flowerpot flowerbed flowered Related vocabulary Nature : Garden work : Biotechnolog

Relationships

Finnish Ystvyys tutustuttaa ystv ystvllinen sydnystv kirjeenvaihtotoveri pit Rakkaus itseks rakkaus platoninen flirttailla viettely rakastua rakastunut

English Friendship to acquaint friend friendly best friend pen pal to like Love cupboard love platonic to flirt seduction to fall in love in love

rakastavaiset rakkauskirje runo romanssi uneksia seurustella rakastaa rakastava viehttv aistillinen poikaystv tyttystv suudella halata likist hyvill syleill halailla ikvid sydn lheisesti intohimo kiihko esiaviollinen Menn naimisiin avoliitto menn kihloihin kihloissa kihlasormus kihlajaiset vihkisormus ht avioliitto morsian sulhanen puoliso naimisissa siviiliavioliitto vastanainut puoliso Avioero houkutus rakkaussuhde yhden illan suhde teeskennell pyyt anteeksi pett

lovebirds love letter poem romance to daydream to date to love loving attractive sensual boyfriend girlfriend to kiss to hug to squeeze to caress to embrace to cuddle to long for heart intimately passion ardor premarital To get married cohabitation to get engaged engaged engagement ring engagement party wedding ring wedding marriage bride groom partner married civil marriage newlywed spouse, partner Divorce temptation affair one night stand to pretend to apologize to deceive

jtt poikaystvn erota srkynyt sydn lemmensairas kyyneleet halveksia viha Kuolema kuolla leski hautajaiset itke muisto surullisuus kaiho melankolia yksinisyys poissaolo kaivata vastaanottaminen sinkku

to leave the boyfriend to divorce broken heart lovesick tears to despise hate Death to pass away widow funeral to cry memory sadness nostalgy melacholia loneliness absence to miss acceptance single Related vocabulary People : Communication : Money

Animal sounds

Animal cow dog chicken cat

Sound "ammuu" "hau hau" "kot-kot" "miau"

Verb ammua haukkua kotkottaa naukua

English to moo to bark to cackle to meow

bird tiger pig rooster sheep wolf frog horse snake crow

"tsirk" "grrr" "nff", "rh rh" "kukko kiekuu" "mh" "uhuu", "auuu" "kvaak" "iha-haa" "hiss" "kraa"

sirkuttaa murista rhki kiekua mki ulvoa kurnuttaa hirnua sihist raakkua

to chirp to growl to grunt to crow to bleat to howl to croak to neigh to hiss to caw

Related vocabulary Fish : Birds : Reptiles : Insects : Zoo animals : Domestic animals : Mammals

Communication
Finnish Verbit anoa ennustaa epill esitt flirttailla hiljent huudahtaa huutaa ilmoittaa jutella keskustella kielt kiljua English Verbs to plead to predict to doubt to present to flirt to hush to exclaim to shout to inform to chat to converse to deny to scream

kiistell kiitt komentaa kommunikoida kuiskailla kutsua kuulustella kuunnella kysy kske luvata mumista nauttia nyryytt oikeuttaa osoittaa puhua pyyt riidell rukoilla saarnata sanoa selitt selvitt todistaa vahvistaa vakuuttaa valehdella valistaa vihjata vitt yleist rjy nest Substantiivit epily huumori keskustelu kieli kielto kokous kutsu lupaus pyynt ruumiinkieli selkkaus selvennys

to argue to thank, to praise to command to communicate to whisper to invite to interrogate to listen to ask to order to promise to mumble to gloat to humiliate to justify to indicate to speak to request to argue to pray to lecture to say to explain to clarify to testify to confirm to convince to lie to enlighten to insinuate to insist to generalize to yell to vote Nouns doubt humour conversation language / tongue denial meeting invitation promise request body language conflict clarification Related vocabulary

People : Tools : The senses : Money : Acting

Space and planets

Finnish Avaruus astronautti astronomi thtitieteellinen aurinko aurinkokunta asteroidi galaksi himmeneminen ilmakeh karttapallo kierros komeetta kosmos kuu kuunpimennys kuutamo linnunrata pimennys planeetta satelliitti thdist thti tysikuu Planeetat Jupiter Mars Merkurius Neptunus Pluto Saturnus Uranus Venus

English Space astronaut astronomer astronomical sun solar system asteroid galaxy eclipse atmosphere globe orbit comet cosmos moon lunar eclipse moonlight milky way eclipse planet satellite constellation star full moon Planets Jupiter Mars Mercury Neptune Pluto Saturn Uranus Venus

Horoskooppimerkit Starsigns vesimies aquarius oinas aries rapu cancer kauris capricorn skorpioni scorpio kaksoset gemini leijona leo vaaka libra kalat pisces jousimies sagittarius hrk taurus neitsyt virgo Related vocabulary Travelling : Geography : Intelligence : The government : Adjectives

In the airport

Finnish Verbit lent matkustaa laskeutua lhte pelt Ihmiset lentj lentopermies lennonopettaja lennonjohtaja lentoemnt lentokapteeni lentokonekaappari lentomatkustaja

English Verbs to fly to travel to land to take off to be afraid People pilot copilot flying instructor air traffic controller steward / stewardess captain hijacker airline passenger

miehist Ongelmat lento-onnettomuus lentokonekaappaus pakkolasku Lentokentll Lentokone helikopteri suihkukone tilauskone lentoasema lentokentt helikopterikentt lentoyhti lentomatkustus lentoliikenne lentokuljetus helikopterikentt lennonjohto lennonjohtotorni Matkustajan nkkulma lentolippu lento lentoaika lentopelko lentopahainvointi peruutusmaksu istuinvy pelastusliivit ksimatkatavara paluulento lht saapuminen

crew Problems plane crash aircraft hijacking emergency landing At the airfield airplane helicopter jet plane charter plane airport airfield heliport airline air travel air traffic air transport heliport air traffic control control tower The point of view of the traveler plane ticket flight flight time fear of flying air-sickness cancellation fee seat belt life-jacket hand luggage return flight departure arrival Related vocabulary Transportation : Traffic : Money

Body care products

Finnish sampoo / shampoo hiustenpesuaine hiuskiinne hiusharja hiustenkiharrin vrjt hiukset hammastahna partakone deodorantti hajuvesi saippua meikata meikki luomivri ripsivri rajauskyn poskipuna huulipuna kynsilakka kynsiviila kynsilakan poistoaine

English shampoo shampoo hairspray hairbrush hair curler to color hair toothpaste razor deodorant perfume soap to apply make-up make-up eye-shadow mascara eye liner blusher lipstick nail varnish nail file nail polish remover Related vocabulary Sports : Communication : Family members

Music

Finnish Soittimet alttoviulu bassokitara bassorumpu cembalo fagotti flyygeli haitari / hanuri harppu huilu huuliharppu hi-hat kantele kitara klarinetti kongi kornetti kontrabasso ksylofoni kyrtorvi lattiarumpu lautaset mandoliini oboe pasuuna patarumpu pelimanniviulu piano pikkolohuilu rumpu saksofoni sello syntetisaattori shkkitara shkurut skkipilli tamburiini torvi triangeli trumpetti tuuba urut vetopasuuna vibrafoni virvelirumpu viulu Ihmiset

English Instruments viola bass guitar bass drum harpsichord bassoon grand piano accordion harp flute harmonica hi-hat kantele guitar clarinet gong cornet double-bass xylophone French horn floor tom cymbals mandoline oboe trombone kettledrum fiddle piano piccolo drum saxophone cello synthesizer electric guitar electric organ bagpipe tambourine bugle triangle trumpet tuba organ slide trombone vibraphone snare drum violin People

orkesteri kuoro yhtye / bndi muusikko sveltj rumpali laulaja kitaristi

orchestra choir band musician composer drummer singer guitarist

Musiikki klassinen musiikki viihdemusiikki hengellinen musiikki kansanlaulu iskelm ooppera operetti musikaali valssi tango polkka Verbit svelt hyrill sest vihelt laulaa soittaa Muut svel nuotti tahti sointu rytmi svelm svellys laulu laulelma melodinen rytmiks

Music classical music light music religious music folk song pop song opera operetta musical waltz tango polka Verbs to compose to hum to accompany to whistle to sing to play an instrument Others tone note beat chord rhythm melody composition song tune melodic rhythmic Other vocabulary At the library : Religions : Traveling

Mass media

Finnish Lehdet pivlehti aikakauslehti jakelu levikki toimitus toimittaja lehtimies kirjeenvaihtaja pkirjoitus pakina pakinoida pakinoija sarjakuvat Televisio ja radio televisionkatsoja kuuluttaja juontaja selostaja tuottaja haastattelija haastateltava tallentaa nitt nauhoittaa jakso teksti-tv kaapeli-tv maksu-tv kanava nkyvyysalue videonauhuri

English Papers daily newspaper magazine distribution circulation editorial office journalist pressman correspondent leading article light article to write causeries columnist comics Television and radio viewer announcer presenter commentator producer interviewer interviewee to record to tape-record to pre-record series teletext cable television pay-tv channel coverage area VCR

radiokuuntelija kuunnelma taajuus

listener radio play frequency Related vocabulary The press : Communication : The telephone : The computer

Nature

Finnish Vesist lampi jrvi joki meri koski puro putous lahti salmi kari vuono Maa saari saaristo luoto suo niemi ranta rannikko tulivuori vuori vuoristo tunturi vaara / mki aavikko / ermaa dyyni aarniomets / viidakko

English Water ways pond lake river sea rapids stream, brook waterfall bay, cove strait reef fiord Land island archipelago rocky island swamp cape beach shore volcano mountain mountain range mountain hill desert dune jungle

keidas neva korpi savanni lakeus laakso rotko harju Taivas pilvi aurinko thti kuu Verbit lyps korjata sato suojella saastuttaa saastua poimia sienest Muut ymprist maalaistalo pelto ruoho ruohikko / nurmikko pensas ruis kallio mets puu havupuu lehtipuu oksa pes kpy

oasis marsh woodland savannah plain valley ravine ridge Sky cloud sun star moon Verbs to milk to harvest to protect to pollute, contaminate to be polluted, to become contaminated to collect, gather to gather mushrooms Others environment house in the countryside field grass lawn bush rye rock, cliff wood tree needle tree leaf tree branch nest cone Related vocabulary Flowers : Fruit : Vegetables : Mammals : Zoo animals : Domestic animals : Insects : Birds : Fish : Reptiles

Garden work

Finnish Tykalut lapio talikko keritsimet harava lehtiharava kuokka ruohonleikkuri kottikrryt puutarhalapio torjunta-aine puutarhahanskat kumisaappaat maljakko kukkaruukku kukkapenkki kastelukannu puutarhaletku Verbit peitt turpeella haravoida trimmata kaivaa istuttaa kastella karsia kitke korjata sato lannoittaa Pihalla yrttitarha pihamaa pergola sleikk palsta

English Tools shovel manure fork shears rake lawn rake hoe lawnmower wheelbarrow trowel pesticide gardening gloves rubber boots vase flowerpot flowerbed watering can garden hose Verbs to turf to rake to trim to dig to plant to water to prune to weed to harvest to fertilize In the yard herbgarden courtyard pergola trellis patch, plot

mansikkamaa hedelmtarha kivikkoistutus ruusutarha kasvihuone keittipuutarha Kasvit jokavuotinen kasvi kaksivuotinen kasvi monivuotinen kasvi vesikasvi sipulikasvi mehikasvi saniainen bambu rikkaruohot maustekasvi puu palmu havupuu ikivihanta lehtipuu kaktus ruoho Muut pohjamaa lannoite turve olkipeite orgaaninen taimi

strawberry field orchard rock garden rose garden greenhouse, glasshouse vegetable garden Plants annual plant biennial plant perennial plant water plant bulbous plant succulent plant fern bamboo weeds herb tree palm fir-tree evergreen leaf tree cactus grass Others subsoil fertilizer turf mulch organic seedling Related vocabulary Flowers : Nature : Rocks

Religions

Finnish Uskonnollinen uskonnonvapaus uskovainen jumalankieltj hengellinen kristinusko kristitty islaminusko muslimi buddhalaisuus hindulaisuus katolilainen katolinen kirkko kreikkalaiskatolinen protestantti pakana pakanallinen lahko jumala epjumala jumalanpilkka Jumalan kiitos! jumaluusoppi palvoa rukoilla Jumalaa temppeli moskeija kirkko pyhimys / hurskas autuas rukous siunata siunaus synti syntinen kiusaus vastustaa kiusausta

English Religious freedom of religion devout atheist sacred Christianity Christian Islamic religion Muslim Buddhism Hinduism Catholic Catholic church Greek Catholic Protestant heathen heathenish sect god idol blasphemy thank God! theology to worship to pray to God temple mosque church saint blessed prayer to bless blessing sin sinful temptation to resist temptation

helvetti paratiisi piru pirullinen taikauskoinen Jumalanpalvelus raamattu raamatullinen ylsnousemus ristiinnaulitseminen opetuslapsi vanha testamentti uusi testamentti profeetta virsi veisata virsi saarnata saarna pastori kaste konfirmaatio rippikoulu pyh ehtoollinen vihkiiset hautajaiset Seurakunta kirkollinen kirkollisverotus kirkkoneuvosto kirkkovaltuusto kyd kirkossa kappeli saarnatuoli alttari sakasti pappi naispappi luostari rovasti kirkkoherra kirkkoherranvirasto piispa arkkipiispa suntio kappalainen lukkari kanttori

hell paradise devil satanic superstitious Church service Bible biblical resurrection crucifixion disciple Old Testament New Testament prophet hymn to sing hymns to deliver a sermon sermon pastor christening confirmation confirmation school sacred Holy Communion wedding ceremony funeral Congregation ecclesiastic church taxation church council parish council to go to church chapel pulpit altar sacristy minister woman minister convent dean priest church registry office bishop archbishop verger chaplain parish clerk cantor

kirkkoherra kirkkoherranvirasto piispa

priest church registry office bishop Other vocabulary Death : Intelligence : Music

Acting

Finnish aplodi baritoni draama elokuva elokuvaohjaaja elokuvateatteri ensiesitys esitys kabaree kapellimestari katsoja katsomo kauhu koomikko koroke kuvaruutu kuvata elokuva laulaa laulaja lippu lnnenelokuva musikaali nytell nytelm nyttelij orkesteri parrasvalo piirroselokuva romanttinen elokuva sisustus

English applause baritone drama movie director cinema premiere show cabaret conductor watcher / viewer audience horror comedian podium, stage screen to shoot a movie to sing singer ticket western musical to act act actor orchestra footlight animated film romance decor

soololaulaja taputtaa teatteri tenori toimintaelokuva trilleri valokeila

soloist to applaud theatre tenor action movie thriller spotlight Related vocabulary Describing people : Relationships : Money

The senses
Finnish Nk silm nhd katsoa silmill silmys tirkistell nkyv nkymtn sokea kuulo korva kuunnella kuulla kuuro Hajuaisti nen haju haistaa haista aromi tuoksu tuoksuva Makuaisti kieli maku maistua maistaa Tuntoaisti sormi tuntea English Sight, vision eye to see to watch to glance glimpse to peep visible invisible blind hearing ear to listen to hear deaf Sense of smell nose smell, odor to smell to stink aroma scent, fragrance sweet-smelling Sense of taste tongue taste to taste (e.g. good) to taste (e.g. soup) Sense of touch finger to feel

koskettaa kosketus

to touch a touch Related vocabulary Perceptional verbs : Verbs about feelings

At the shop

Finnish Myymlt kauppa kirpputori liike / yhti / yritys lhimyyml myyml ostoskeskus osuuskauppa pienyritys suuryritys valintamyyml kioski Hinta ALV hinnasto hinnoittaa hintasulku ilmainen / maksuton kustannus kustannusarvio liikevaihto maksu osamaksu ostaa kteisell ostaa luotolla rahoitus rikastua tinki

English Shops shop flea market business neighborhood shop store shopping center cooperative shop small business big corporation supermarket kiosk Price VAT catalog to fix the price freezing of prices free expense cost estimate net sales payment installment to buy with cash to buy on credit financing to make money to haggle

Vararikko kansantalous kirjanpito konkurssipes poma tappio tappiollinen konkurssipes poma Muut asiakas asiakaspalvelu itsepalvelu kauppamatkustaja kauppatavara kuluttaja-asiamies loppuunmyyty myyj

Bankruptcy national economy accountancy bankrupt's estate funds loss unprofitable bankrupt's estate funds Others customer customer service self-service traveling salesman merchandise consumer ombudsman sold out sales person Related vocabulary Perceptional verbs : Verbs about feelings

Birth and babyhood

Finnish raskaus raskaana odottava iti syntym synnytys synnytt ktil keskenmeno synty pikkulapsi esikoinen

English pregnancy pregnant expecting mother birth childbirth to give birth midwife miscarriage to be born infant first-born

kuopus kaksoset identtiset kaksoset itiysloma isyysloma itiysavustus itiysraha lapsilis nimenantotilaisuus kaste kastaa tuttipullo idinmaitovastike tutti ime vaippa vauvan kantolaukku kehto uniasu menn tutumaan lastenvaunut lastenrattaat potta lastenhoitaja lastenkaitsija lelu helistin pehmolelu nalle

last-born twins idential twins maternity leave paternity leave maternity benefit maternity pay child benefit naming ceremony christening to christen, to baptise baby's bottle baby milk nipple, dummy to suck nappy carrycot cradle sleeping suit to be beddy-byes pram, baby carriage pushchairs potty nanny babysitter toy rattle soft toy bear Related vocabulary Childhood pastimes : Family members : Age

Childhood pastimes

Finnish leikki olla piilosilla olla hippasilla nukke mollamaija nukkekoti nukenvaunut muovailuvaha rakennuspalikka vrikynt vrityskirja piirt autorata kippiauto jkiekkopeli leikkikentt pihaleikit keinu keinua mpri lapio kiipeilyteline kiikkulauta liukurata pulkka rattikelkka hyppynaru kolmipyr loru iltasatu nuorisokerho partioliike partiopoika partiotytt rintamerkki

English to play to play hide and seek to play tag doll rag-doll doll house doll's pram plastisine brick, block crayons coloring book to draw racing system dump truck ice-hockey game playground playgroup games swing to swing bucket spade climbing frame see-saw slide sled snow racer skipping rope tricycle nursery rhyme bedtime story youth club scout movement boy scout girl scout badge Related vocabulary Birth and babyhood : Fairytales :Family members : Age

Pets

Finnish Lemmikit papukaija kanarialintu marsu hiiri kani hamsteri gerbiili akvaariokala krme kilpikonna hmhkki lisko Kissa naaraskissa kolli kissapentu juovikas kissa siamilainen kissa persialainen kissa kissanhiekka kynsi Koira vetokoira koiranpentu vahtikoira opaskoira seurakoira metsstyskoira sylikoira kultainen noutaja saksanpaimenkoira suomenpystykorva suomenajokoira labradorinnoutaja spanieli skotlanninpaimenkoira vinttikoira myrkoira terrieri villakoira silekarvainen karkeakarvainen sekarotuinen kaulapanta talutushihna

English Pets parrot canary guinea pig mouse rabbit hamster gerbil tropical fish snake turtle spider lizard Cat she-cat tomcat kitten tabby cat Siamese cat Persian cat cat litter to scratch Dog sled dog puppy guard dog guide dog companion dog hound lap dog golden retriever German shepherd Finnish spitz Finnish hound Labrador spaniel collie greyhound dachshund terrier poodle smooth-coated rough-coated cross-breed collar lead

koirankasvattaja tottelevaisuuskoulutus koiranyttely valiokoira leikata kynsi harjata trimmata Muut pit lemmikkielmi lemmikkielinkauppa hyhen kpl hnt kynsi viiksikarva hkki kanikoppi akvaario kultakalanmalja terraario

dog breeder obedience training dog show champion to cut the dog's nails to brush to trim Others to have, keep pets pet shop feather paw tail claw whisker cage rabbit hutch aquarium goldfish bowl terrarium Related vocabulary Domestic animals : Birds : Fish

Travelling

Finnish Matkustaja lentomatkustaja junamatkustaja laivamatkustaja turisti maailmanmatkaaja vaeltaja / retkeilij patikoija Matkustaa

English Traveler air traveler rail traveler sea traveler tourist globetrotter hiker, trekker backpacker To travel

matkatoimisto opas matkanjrjestj matka retki luokkaretki risteily matkakohde lomaesite maksu peruutusmaksu lippu Pakkaaminen pakata matkatavarat matkalaukku matkakassi lentolaukku kantokassi pukumatkalaukku reppu Ulkomaan matkailu olla ulkomailla matkustaa ulkomaille raja tarkastuspiste asiakirjat passi passitarkastus henkilllisyystodistus viisumi maahanmuuttovirasto portti maahantulolupa oleskelulupa tulli tullivirkailija metallinpaljastin tullata Tien pll ajoneuvo ajokortti asuntovaunu asuntoauto asuntovaunualue

travel agency guide tour operator journey, trip day trip school trip cruise destination holiday brochure fee cancellation fee ticket Packing to pack luggage suit case travel bag hand luggage carrier bag garment bag rucksack International travel to be abroad to go abroad border checkpoint documents passport passport control identity card visa immigration office gate entry permit residence permit customs customs officer metal detector to declare On the road vehicle driver's license caravan motor home caravan park

Junalla matkustaminen juna-asema / rautatieasema laituri pikajuna huippunopea juna kiitojuna paikallisjuna vaunu lippu menolippu meno-paluulippu paikka kytv kahvilavaunu ravintolavaunu lht yhteys Linja-autolla matkustaminen pikavuoro kuljettaja rahastaa kaksikerroksinen bussi poistumismerkki ilmastointi matkatavaratila linja-autoasema bussipyskki maksu Liftaaminen liftata liftari reppu Laivalla matkustaminen laiva autolautta risteilyalus sisvesilaiva ilmatyynyalus kantosiipialus satama laituri nousta laivaan poistua kansi avokansi aurinkokansi kansituoli

Traveling by train train station platform express train high speed train through train local train carriage ticket one-way ticket return ticket seat corridor buffet car restaurant car departure connection Traveling by bus express bus one-man operated bus double decker exit signal air conditioning baggage compartment bus station bus stop fare Hitchhiking to hitchhike hitchhiker backpack Traveling by boat boat car ferry cruise ship lake streamer hovercraft hydrofoil port, harbor pier, dock to embark to disembark deck weather deck sun deck deck chair

autokansi pelastusvene hytti htkutsu

car deck lifeboat cabin Mayday

Lentokoneella matkustaminen Traveling by airplane lento flight kotimaanlento domestic flight ulkomaanlento international flight Atlantin ylilento transatlantic flight reittilento scheduled flight charterlento charter flight lentoyhti airline lentoasema airport lentokentt airfield lentoterminaali air terminal odotushalli departure lounge lhtselvitys check-in portti gate laajarunkoinen kone jumbo jet Related vocabulary Traffic : At the airport : Means of transportation

Spoken language
Finnish Words ending in -is kondis laihis tyysis kuvis futis fiilis bestis tavis julkkis roskis koris sulkkis alkkis mahis lippis kirppis kmppis depis kokis Words ending in -ari English condition diet crowd drawing soccer feeling best friend normal, regular person celebrity trashcan basketball badminton alcoholic possibility cap flea market roommate depression cola

telkkari talkkari maikkari lenkkarit olkkari makkari Volkkari pikkri synttri vikkri rankkari eskari fillari Muut biisi bileet dorka duuni fyrkka hima kundi ltk safka Verbit tsiikata bailata dokata hiffata

television janitor mtv3 running shoes living room bedroom Volkswagen nap birthday thesis penalty preschool bicycle Other song party dork job money home guy ice hockey food Verbs to look to dance, to party to drink (alcohol) to understand (something)

Ai jaa! ai ai jaa ai niin niin niin on niin no niin? niin kai niin paljon noin paljon noin vain no no jaa no joo no niin voi ei!

Oh, I see! oh / ouch oh, I see oh yes, oh yeah indeed (used endlessly) indeed oh well really? is that so? I guess so / irony: fat chance so much, that much, so many, that many so much, that much just like that well, oh well oh well oh, yes, I have to admit that alright, right then, okay oh no!

voi voi tehdn nin tuota tota yk

uh-oh, oh boy let's do it like that err, well well, err well, err yuck! ew! Related vocabulary Animal sounds : Intelligence : Finnish sayings

Sauna

Finnish saunominen saunamkki puuvaja / liiteri pukuhuone lylyhuone avanto Saunassa lauteet laudeliina kiuas puukiuas shkkiuas vesikauha mpri hyry lmpmittari vesipata pesuvati tervasaippua pesusieni alaston / alasti pellavapyyhe froteepyyhe

English sauna bath sauna cabin woodshed dressing room washroom hole in the ice In the sauna benches bench cloth stove wood-burning stove electric stove ladle, scoop bucket steam thermometer water heater bowl tar soap sponge naked linen towel terry towel

Verbit lmmitt sauna kantaa puita saunaan riisuutua nousta lauteille heitt vett kiukaalle hikoilla peseyty huuhdella uida kuivata itsens

Verbs to heat the sauna to carry wood to the sauna to undress to climb on the benches to throw water on the stove to sweat, to perspire to wash oneself to rinse to swim to dry oneself Other vocabulary Religions : Spoken language : Acting

Visual arts
Finnish taide kuvataide klassinen taide piirustustaide nykytaide kuvaamataito etsaus luovuus luomiskausi luomiskyky maalaus muotokuva piirustus hiilipiirros vesivrimaalaus asetelma tausta ljymaalaus maalausteline sivellin lehti vedos kollaasi kuvanveisto patsas veistos nyttely Adjektiivit taidokas English art visual art classic art graphic art modern art drawing skill etching creativity creative period creative ability painting portrait sketch charcoal drawing watercolour painting still life background oil painting easel paintbrush sketchbook print collage sculpture statue sculpture exhibition Adjectives skillful

luova mielikuvituksellinen taiteellinen kolmiulotteinen Verbit luoda taidetta luonnostella hahmotella muotoilla muovailla Ihmiset taiteilija taiteenharjoittaja taiteenharrastaja taidearvostelija maalari graafikko kuvanveistj

creative imaginative artistic three-dimensional Verbs to create art to sketch to trace, outline to design to shape People artist artpractiser art lover art critic painter graphic artist sculptor Other vocabulary Nature : Describing people : Death

The weather

Finnish Ilma on kaunis. On kaunis ilma. Piv on pilvinen. On pilvinen piv. On pilvist.

English The weather is beautiful. The weather is beautiful. The day is cloudy. It's a cloudy day. It's cloudy

Sataa. Sataa vett. Sataa lunta. Sataa rnt. Sataa rakeita. Ei sada. Eilen satoi. On melko kylm. On oikein kuuma. Tuulee. Tuulee oikein kovasti. On myrsky. On ukonilma. Salamoi. Questions Onko kaunis ilma tnn? Millainen ilma tnn on? Paistaako aurinko? Sataako? Sataako lunta? Onko ulkona kylm? Onko ulkona kuuma? Tuuleeko? Kuinka kylm on? Onko pakkasta? Kuinka monta astetta on? On miinus kaksi astetta. On kaksi astetta pakkasta. On kaksi astetta.

It rains. It rains. It snows. It rains wet snow. It hails. It doesn't rain. Yesterday it rained. It's fairly cold. It's really hot. It's windy. It's very windy. There's a storm (wind). There's a thunderstorm. There's lightning ("It lightens"). Kysymykset Is the weather beautiful today? What's the weather like today? Does the sun shine? Does it rain? Does it snow? Is it cold outside? Is it hot outside? Is there wind? How cold is it? Is it freezing? How many degrees is it? It's minus two degrees. It's minus two degrees. It's two degrees.

In the following table, you can find different ways of saying the same thing. Nominative On pilvinen piv. On sateinen piv. On tuulinen piv. On aurinkoinen piv. On sumuinen piv. On ukkonen piv. English Partitive English It's a cloudy day. On pilvist. It's cloudy. It's a rainy day. On sateista. It's rainy. It's a windy day. On tuulista. It's windy. It's a sunny day. On aurinkoista. It's sunny. It's a misty day. On sumuista. It's misty. It's a thundery day. On ukkosta. It's thundery. Other vocabulary Hunting : Cooking : Vegetables : Herbs & spices

Death

Finnish kuolla hn on kuollut hn kuoli ruumis hautajaiset haudata hauta hautakivi hautausmaa kirkkomaa hautamuistomerkki sankarihauta arkku / ruumisarkku / kirstu polttaa ruumis krematorio / polttohautaus seppele muistokirjoitus leski testamentti peri perint perij itsemurha itsemurhaaja

English to die he has died he died corpse funeral to bury grave gravestone graveyard graveyard at church cenotaph hero's tomb coffin to cremate crematorium wreath obituary widow, widower will to inherit inheritance heir suicide suicider Other vocabulary Age : Basic adjectives

To like
Finnish Mist sin pidt? Millaisesta viinist sin pidt? Tykktk suklaasta? Tykktk suomalaisesta oluesta? English What do you like? What kind of wine do you like? Do you like chocolate? Do you like Finnish beer?

Pidtk musiikista? Millaisesta musiikista sin pidt? Min tykkn mustasta kahvista.

Do you like music? What kind of music do you like? I like black coffee.

In Finnish you use the verb pit "to be fond of" to say you like something. This verb is always followed by the -sta/-st ending. Pidn kahvista. En pid koirasta. Pidmme sst. Et pid opettajasta. I like coffee. I don't like the dog. We like the weather. You don't like the teacher.

In colloquial Finnish the verb tykt is also used to mean "to like" and it is also followed by the -sta/st ending. Tykkn suklaasta. En tykk kissasta. Tykkmme kakusta. He eivt tykk vauvasta. I like chocolate. I don't like the cat. We like the cake. They don't like the baby.

When you want to say you like DOING something, you can also use the verbs "pit" and "tykt". Tykt is the easiest one, since after this verb, you can put the verb in the infinitive. The object will be in whatever form in which it would be in a basic sentence. So it will NOT have the -sta ending! Tykkn pest ikkunoita. En tykk syd lihaa. Tykktte katsoa televisiota. He eivt tykk ajaa autoa. I like to wash the windows. I don't like to eat meat. You (plural) like to watch television. They don't like to drive a car.

When using the verb "pit", you have to change the verb that's attached to it into the fourth infinitive. The nounanlized verb should then be put into the -sta form. Pidn kalastamisesta. En pid laulamisesta. Pidttek tanssimisesta? He eivt pid voimistelemisesta. I like to fish. I don't like to sing. Do you (plural) like to dance? They don't like to do gymnastic exercises.

When you want to say that you were interested in something, or that something is one of your hobbies, you can use the verb harrastaa. Related vocabulary The verb harrastaa Related grammar The elative : The fourth infinitive

The verb "harrastaa"

When you want to say that you are interested as a hobby in a certain sport, dance, music, or any other noun, you put that noun in the partitive. - Mit sin harrastat? - What do you enjoy as a hobby? - Harrastan hiihtoa, luistelua, tennist,... - I enjoy skiing, skating, tennis,.... - Harrastan salsaa, sambaa, balettia,... - In enjoy salsa, samba, ballet,...

When you want to say you enjoy DOING something, you can't use just the infinitive of the verb! You have to turn it into a noun. This means taking the 3rd person plural, removing the -vat and adding -minen. This -minen form of the verb is called the fourth infinitive. - Mit sin harrastat? - Harrastan opiskelemista. - Harrastamme lukemista. - Harrastat leipomista. - What do you enjoy doing as a hobby? - I enjoy studying as a hobby. - We enjoy reading as a hobby. - You like to bake as a hobby.

When you want to make a combination and say you enjoy watching (=verb) television (=noun), you have to change the word order. The noun will in this case always be put in the genitive form. - Mit sin harrastat? - What do you enjoy doing as a hobby? - Harrastan television katsomista. - I enjoy watching television as a hobby. - Harrastamme ruoan laittamista. - We enjoy preparing food as a hobby. - Harrastat leipomista. - You like to bake as a hobby. Related vocabulary To like Related grammar The partitive : The genitive : The fourth infinitive

Colours

Related vocabulary Basic adjectives : Flowers : Visual arts

Sports

Finnish Vesiurheilu kalastus moottorivenekilpailu purjehdus purjehtia uinti

English Water sports fishing boat-race sailing to sail swimming

uimahyppy rintauinti selkuinti perhosuinti vapaauinti vesipallo surffata Talviurheilu hiihto ampumahiihto taitoluistelu jkiekko luistelu jtanssi kelkkailu laskettelu pujottelu mkihyppy Pallopelit pelata golfia pelata jalkapalloa pelata tennist pelata koripalloa pelata ksipalloa pelata pespalloa pelata lentopalloa pelata jpalloa pelata seinpalloa pelata pyttennist pelata biljardia pelata petankkia Muut urheilulajit maahockey judo jiujitsu karate voimistelu jumpata kriketti metsstys ammunta miekkailu moottoriurheilu nyrkkeill paini vapaapaini

dive breast stroke back stroke butterfly stroke freestyle swimming water polo to surf Winter sports skiing biathlon figure-skating ice-hockey ice-skating ice dancing bob sleighing downhill racing slalom ski-jumping Ball sports to play golf to play football to play tennis to play basketball to play handball to play Finnish baseball to play volleyball to play bandy to play squash to play pingpong to play billiards to play petanque Other sports hockey judo ju-jitsu karate gymnastics to do aerobics cricket hunting shooting fencing motor racing boxing wrestling free style wrestling

kdenvnt pyrily sulkapallo soutu pikajuoksu aitajuoksu estejuoksu maastojuoksu kestvyysjuoksu hlkk keihnheitto kiekonheitto moukarinheitto pituushyppy korkeushyppy kolmiloikka seivshyppy kvely kymmenottelu painonnosto voimanosto kehonrakennus

arm wrestling cycling badminton rowing sprinting hurdling steeplechase cross country running long-distance running jogging javelin throwing discus throwing hammer throwing long jump high jump triple jump pole vault walking decathlon weight-lifting power lifting bodybuilding Related vocabulary Hunting : Fishing : Clothes

Strong adjectives
Some adjectives can be made stronger by adding something in front of them, think of example in English "stone deaf" and "rock hard". The Finnish alternatives sometimes translate to a similar comparison, but not always. Use these words to make your sentences sound more alive. Finnish umpikuuro umpisokea umpihumalassa umpijss umpirakastunut umpipuu tptysi ypyksin typtyhj kivikova kristallinkirkas tulipunainen ruohonvihre kullankeltainen pikimusta lumivalkoinen taivaansininen English stone deaf blind as a bat dead drunk frozen solid very much in love solid wood overcrowded all alone completely empty rock-hard crystal clear fiery red grass-green golden yellow pitch black snowwhite sky-blue

ilmiselv pivnselv vuorenvarma salamannopea vihoviimeinen ikivanha iki-ihana iki-ihastunut kuolemanvakava tulikuuma jkylm upouusi langanlaiha upporikas rutikyh rutikuiva likomrk pilkkopime veitsenterv patalaiska kalmankalpea raivohullu phkhullu

totally clear, obvious clear as day dead certain quick as lightning very last really old, ancient exquisite overjoyed deadly serious red-hot ice-cold brand new really skinny stinking rich penniless dry as dust wet through pitch dark razor-sharp bone-idle deathly pale raving mad stark mad Related vocabulary Hunting : Cooking : Vegetables : Herbs & spices

l!

This is a list of expressions in which you use "l" (don't!). Finnish l kiirehdi l turhaan kiirehdi! l tni! l hoppuile l hoputa minua l hosu lhn nyt! English don't hurry don't unnecessarily hurry! don't push (me)! what's (all) the rush? dont rush me don't push you must be joking!

l hpsi! l ole typer l viitsi! l pelleile l tee itsesi naurettavaksi l tee tyhmyyksi l vlit l vlit minusta l vlit siit l huoli l suotta l htile l ota sit niin vakavasti l hermoile! l vaivaudu! l jnnit l kiihdy l istu noin vetelsti l hert vauvaa l puhu roskaa! l puhu minulle tuossa nensvyss l ole huolissasi l ole niin varma ett.. l kuvittele ilman muuta ett l kiinnit hneen huomion l en sit ajattele l tee htikityj johtoptksi l ymmrr minua vrin l aseta vaatimuksia liian korkealle l anna periksi!

don't be silly! don't be foolish give me a break! you must be joking don't make yourself look ridiculous don't make a fool of yourself never mind don't mind me! never mind (that)! never mind, don't worry don't trouble to... don't get stressed don't take it so seriously take it easy! please don't bother! don't be stressed don't excite yourself don't slouch don't wake the baby don't give me that! don't take that tone (of voice) with me don't distress yourself don't rely on my (me) doing it don't run away with the idea that to pay no attention to him put that out of your mind! don't jump to conclusions don't get me wrong don't require too much dont give up!

l pelk don't be afraid l kerro kenellekn don't tell a soul l hiisku sanaakaan don't breathe a word l sano enemp kuin on pakko don't say more than you can help Related vocabulary Expressions : Expressions during a speech : Strong adjectives : Finnish Sayings

To play

The English verb "to play" corresponds to a number of different Finnish verbs: 1. Pelata: to play games and sports. This is a partitive verb. Examples: Min pelaan jkiekkoa. I play ice hockey. Sin pelaat tennist. You play tennis. Hn pelaa jalkapalloa. He plays soccer. Me pelaamme pespalloa. We play baseball. Te pelaatte sulkapalloa. You play badminton. He pelaavat golfia. They play golf. 2. Soittaa: to play an instrument, to play music/records, to ring the doorbell. In these cases, soittaa is a partitive verb. Soittaa also means "to call". When you call TO someone, you use the allative case: -lle. Examples: Min soitan viulua. I play the violin. Sin soitat ovikelloa. You ring the doorbell. Hn soittaa minulle. He calls to me. Me soitamme pianoa. We play the piano. Te soitatte rumpuja. You play the drums. He soittavat idille. They call to mother. 3. Nytell: to act, to play a part. Examples: Min nyttelen teatterissa. I act in the theatre. Sin nyttelet filmiss. You act in a movie. Hn nyttelee trke osaa. He plays a big part/role. 4. Leikki: to play children's games, to play with something. Examples: Min leikin pihalla. Sin leikit Legoilla. Hn leikkii nallea. Me leikimme nukkea. Te leikitte palloa.. He leikkivt ulkona.

I play in the garden. You play with Lego. He plays with a bear. We play with the doll. You play with a ball. They play outside. Similar pages To listen : To study : Groups of synonyms : Finnish sayings

To study

Finnish, like most languages, has a few close-meaning verbs concerning studying. Here's a list: 1. Opiskella: to study in a school or university. This is a partitive verb: the matter you study, will always be put in the partitive. Examples: Min opiskelen suomea. I study Finnish. Sin opiskelet yliopistossa. You study in the university. Hn opiskelee ranskaa. He studies French. Opiskelemmeko fysiikkaa? Do we study physics? Te opiskelette kemiaa. You study chemistry. He opiskelevat viel koulussa. They still study in school. 2. Opetella: to study on your own, to practise. This verb draws a picture of you trying, but not succeeding right away. The learning is a process that lasts for some time. Notice that opetella comes with the third infinitive when the thing you learn is a verb! Examples: Haluan alkaa opetella hiihtmn. I want to start learning how to ski. Opettelen 5 uutta sanaa joka piv. I learn 5 new words every day. Lapsi alkoi opetella kvelemn The child start to learn to walk. 3. Oppia: to learn how to do something. The stress with this verb is on the fact that after you have studied, you will know how to do whatever you have been studying. Notice that oppia comes with the third infinitive when the thing you learn is a verb! Examples: Lapsi oppii puhumaan. The child learns to talk. Min opin piirtmn ihmisi. I learned how to draw people. 4. Opettaa: to teach. The subject you teach will be written in the partitive. If you're teaching an activity, the verb will be written in the third infinitive Examples: Hn opettaa ranskaa. He teaches French. Opetan lasta lukemaan. I teach the child to read. Sokrates opettaa, ett... Socrates teaches that... Similar pages To listen : To play : Groups of synonyms Related grammar The partitive : Partitive verbs : The third infinitive

LEVEL 3

Negative emotions
Finnish Verbit tyrmistytt hmment nujertaa rsytt loukkaantua menett malttinsa suututtaa kiusata kirota halveksia lannistaa paheksua epill kadehtia pelt valittaa vihata loukata joutua paniikkiin katua pelsty pelstytt kammottaa piinata murehtia Substantiivit aggressio kiukku viha suuttumus ahdistus katkeruus halveksunta pelkuri kirosana uhma masennus eptoivo pettymys epily pelko kauhu nolostuminen English Verbs to baffle to bewilder to overwhelm to provoke to be hurt to lose one's temper to anger to bully to curse to despise to be discouraged to disapprove to doubt to envy to fear to complain to hate to offend to panic to regret to be scared to scare to terrify to torment to worry Nouns aggression rage hate anger anxiety bitterness contempt coward curse word defiance depression despair disappointment doubt fear horror embarrassment

ahneus suru tyytymttmyys syyllisyys eprinti nyryytys krsimttmyys epvarmuus loukkaus rsytys yksinisyys synkkyys paniikki katumus hpe surullisuus paheksunta piina huoli synkkyys

greed grief grievance guilt hesitation humiliation impatience insecurity insult irritation loneliness melancholy panic regret shame sadness resentment torment worry melancholy Related vocabulary Hunting : Cooking : Vegetables : Herbs & spices

Feelings
Finnish Verbit llisty hmmsty hmmstytt tyrmistytt ihailla pirist nauttia innostaa toivoa ihmetell tyydytt lievitt Substantiivit llistys hmmstys kunnioitus ihailu rakkaus rohkeus intohimo English Verbs to amaze to be amazed to astonish to baffle to admire to cheer up to enjoy to excite to hope to marvel at to satisfy to soothe Nouns amazement astonishment awe admiration love courage passion

ylltys toivomus peloton iloisuus ilo nautinto arvokkuus kiitollisuus toivo optimismi mielihyv tyydytys myttunto ihme

surprise wish fearless cheerfulness delight, joy enjoyment dignity gratitude hope optimism pleasure satisfaction sympathy wonder Related vocabulary Hunting : Cooking : Vegetables : Herbs & spices

Geography

Finnish maantiede kartta kartasto maapallo pallonpuolisko leveyspiiri pituuspiiri pivntasaaja kntpiiri napa napapiiri pyriminen manner mannermainen valtio seutu

English geography map atlas earth hemisphere latitude longitude equator tropic pole polar circle rotation continent continental country district

Topografia alanko / tasamaa yltasanko kukkula / vuori rinne ylnk harju laakso aavikko / autiomaa keidas viidakko suo preeria / ruohoaro aro / steppi nummi Vesi sivujoki lampi vuorovesi rannikko ranta merenranta lahti vuono kannas niemimaa salmi saari atolli laguuni

Topography plain plateau hill slope highland ridge valley desert oasis jungle swamp prairie steppe heath Water tributary pool / pond tide coast shore beach bay fjord isthmus peninsula straits island atoll lagoon Related vocabulary Nature : Garden work : Rocks and gems

Translations of English adverbs


The origin of this list comes from the book "Wordfiles" by Hirvenoja, Avokari and Wallace. Every adverb that has "jonkin" in front of it is a postposition. "Jonkin" means "something". It has been added here to reflect that the place or person the adverb is connected to should be written in the genitive case. English about absolutely accidentally according to accordingly across Finnish noin / suunnilleen ehdottomasti sattumalta jonkin mukaisesti nin ollen / siit johtuen jonkin yli / jonkin toisella puolella

actually all in all almost along aloud also altogether anyhow / anyway apart from as a matter of fact as a rule as if, as though as far as at least at random back- and forwards beforehand behind below, beneath beside besides between briefly by and by by chance by the way carefully certainly continually deliberately despite during entirely especially even if, even though everywhere evidently exactly far away fast for example fortunately forward furthermore generally hardly / scarcely how how come (that) how much

itse asiassa kaiken kaikkiaan melkein / lhes pitkin neen mys kaikki yhdess kuitenkin lukuun ottamatta / paitsi itse asiassa yleens ikn kuin johonkin asti ainakin / vhintn umpimhkn, sattumanvaraisesti takaperin ja etuperin etukteen / ennakolta jonkin takana / jonkin taakse jonkin alapuolella jonkin vieress jonkin lisksi jonkin vliss lyhyesti vhitellen / pian sattumalta ohimennen sanottuna huolellisesti varmasti jatkuvasti tahallaan / harkitusti huolimatta jostakin jonkin aikana kokonaan / tysin varsinkin vaikkakin kaikkialla ilmeisesti tsmlleen kaukana nopeasti esimerkiksi kaikeksi onneksi eteenpin sen lisksi yleens tuskin kuinka / miten kuinka on mahdollista paljonko / kuinka paljon

however in adition to in advance in any case in case in case of in front in my opinion in order to / so that in the event of in the middle of in vain instead (of) little by little maybe / perhaps meanwhile moreover nevertheless notwithstanding of course on behalf of on my behalf on purpose on condition that on the contrary on the whole once once more one by one only otherwise perhaps regularly right away since so that so what? thanks to thus to and fro together towards / toward unfortunately unless until where whereas why? yet

kuitenkin jonkin lisksi etukteen joka tapauksessa silt varalta, ett jonkin varalta jonkin edess mielestni jotta siin tapauksessa, ett jonkin keskell turhaan jokin sijaan vhitellen ehk sill vlin sit paitsi siit huolimatta jostakin huolimatta / kuitenkin tietysti jonkin puolesta minun puolestani tahallaan sill ehdolla ett pinvastoin yleens kerran viel kerran yksitellen vain / ainoastaan muutoin ehk snnllisesti heti sen jlkeen / sitten jotta ent sitten? jonkin ansiosta siten / siis edestakaisin yhdess jonkin kohti valitettavasti ellei johonkin saakka / johonkin asti / kunnes miss sen sijaan / sit vastoin miksi? kuitenkin

Related grammar Postpositions : The genitive : Adverbs

The government

Finnish yhteiskunta yhteiskunnallinen yhteiskuntaluokka yhteiskuntatiede valtio valtiollinen valtiollistaa valtiomies valtionapu valtionrahasto valtiontalous Valtiojrjestelm valtakunta tasavalta kansanvalta demokraatti monarkia / kuningasvalta yksinvalta / itsevaltius diktatuuri tyrannia totalitarismi keisarinkunta Kuningaskunta kuningatar kuningas prinsessa prinssi kuninkaallinen valtaistuin prinssihallitsija Sty

English society civil social class sociology nation national nationalize statesman government subsidy government obligations national economy Government system kingdom republic democracy democrat monarchy autocracy dictatorship tyranny totalitarianism empire Kingdom queen king princess prince royal throne prince regent Social class

aatelisto papisto porvaristo talonpoikaissty rahvas kreivi ruhtinas Eduskunta eduskuntavaalit kansanedustaja tysistunto vlikysymys veto-oikeus aloite edustajanpaikka itseninen itsenisyys hallita hallitsija hallitus lnihallitus keskusvirasto Ministeri pministeri ulkoasianministeri valtiovarainministeri ulkomaankauppaministeri opetusministeri kulttuuriministeri oikeusministeri sisasianministeri ympristministeri asuntoministeri puolustusministeri maa- ja metstalousministeri liikenneministeri kauppa- ja teollisuusministeri sosiaali- ja terveysministeri tyministeri

nobility clergy bourgeoisie peasantry common people count / earl prince Parliament parliamentary election member of parliament plenum interpellation veto motion seat autonomous independence to govern regent / ruler government provincial government provincial governemtn Government department prime minister minister of foreign affairs minister of finance minister of foreign trade minister of education minister of culture minister of justice minister of internal affairs minister of environment minister of housing minister of defence minister of agriculture and forestry minister of transport minister of trade and industry minister of health and social affairs minister of employment Related vocabulary Numbers : Intelligence : Money

Groups of synonyms
Finnish Puhua English To speak

sanoa kysy kuiskailla huokaista huutaa rjy kiljua jutella keskustella saarnata kommunikoida mumista Nhd katsoa katsella tuijottaa thyst valvoa havainnoida lyt tarkastaa plyill silmill Hyv kaunis komea loistelias ihana mahtava ihmeellinen loistava hyvnnkinen hurmaava ntti siev Ruma kauhistuttava inhottava iljettv luonnoton kamala hirvittv kaamea kammottava Nukkua

to say to ask to whisper to sigh to shout to yell to scream to chat to discuss to lecture to communicate to mumble To see to watch to look to stare to keep a lookout to monitor to observe to find to inspect to look at to glance Good beautiful handsome magnificent marvelous grand wonderful brilliant good-looking fascinating cute attractive Ugly appalling disgusting repulsive unnatural dreadful awful grisly eerie to sleep

nukahtaa torkahtaa haaveilla uneksia levt maata kuorsata laiskotella ottaa nokoset ottaa nokkaunet torkkua ottaa pivunet pit siestaa Lke pilleri kapseli tabletti ampulli jauhe voide parannus ruiskutus rohto Luulla ajatella mietti pohtia aprikoida arvella uskoa spekuloida harkita olettaa otaksua edellytt epill ptell Fiksu viisas lyks tervpinen ovela taitava nopea nokkela ktev

to fall asleep to doze off to daydream to dream to relax to lay down to snore to be lazy to take a nap to have a nap to be drowsy to take/have a nap to have a siesta Medicine pill capsule tablet ampule powder lotion cure injection medicine To believe to think to think well to philosophize to ponder to presume to believe to speculate to consider to suppose to presume to presuppose to doubt to draw conclusions Smart wise smart brainy shrewd skilful fast clever handy

nppr Talo rakennus koti asunto kerrostalo mkki iglu pesi osoite rivitalo huvila omakotitalo linna suoja vaja talli Liikkua kulkea jaloitella kvell vaeltaa astunta ontua astella juosta kiirehti ajaa astella harhailla edet matkustaa matkustaa menn tulla lhte palata Paperi kirja kirje kartasto sanakirja romaani dekkari raamattu sanomalehti

handy-clever House building home residence apartment building cottage igloo nest address row house villa single-family house castle shelter shed garage To move to wander about to take a walk to walk to go around to pace to limp to jog to run to hurry to drive to stroll to wander about to advance to travel to travel to go to come to leave to return Paper book letter atlas dictionary novel detective story bible newspaper

aikakauslehti naistenlehti juliste tapetti arkki asiakirja todistus kartonki krepaperi lappu Syd ryhtist ravita ruokkia aterioida niell pureskella jauhaa ahmia herkutella msst sytt

magazine women's magazine poster wallpaper sheet of paper document certificate cardboard wrapping paper piece of paper To eat to burp to nourish to feed to eat a meal to swallow to chew bubble gum to chew to gulp down to feast to gormandize to feed To like to like to love to adore to idolize to admire to want to yearn to desire Other vocabulary Religions : Relationships : Breakfast : Basic adjectives

Tykt pit rakastaa jumaloida palvoa ihailla haluta ikvid himoita

Sayings

Finnish

English

Explanation

Hidas kuin etana Ovela kuin kettu Tyhm kuin aasi Tyhm kuin saapas Iloinen kuin peipponen Epsiisti kuin sika Kuin nuori varsa keslaitumella Kuin elefantti lasikaupassa Syd kuin hevonen Syd kuin sika Terve kuin pukki Kova kuin kivi Kaunis kuin kuva Vapaa kuin taivaan lintu Rikas kuin Kroisos Nopea kuin ajatus Nopea kuin salama Kevyt kuin hyhen Lyhyt kuin kanan lento Pitk kuin nlkvuosi Kyh kuin kirkon rotta Sin olet tydellinen lammas Itsepinen kuin pssi Itsepinen kuin aasi Kuuma kuin saunassa Pieni kuin pippuri

As slow as a snail As sly as a fox As stupid as a donkey As stupid as a boot As happy as a chaffinch As untidy as a pig

Very slow. Untrustworthy Very stupid Very stupid Very happy Very dirty

Like a young horse in the field Wild and happy Like an elephant in a china shop To eat like a horse To eat like a pig As healthy as a billy-goat Hard as a rock Pretty as a picture Free as the sky's bird Rich like the Greek Croisos Fast as a thought Fast as lightening Light as a feather Short like a chicken's flight Long as a year of hunger Poor as a church's rat You're a perfect lamb As stubborn as a ram As stubborn as a donkey Hot like in the sauna Tiny like a pepper Very clumsy To eat very much To eat very messily Very healthy Very hard Very pretty Completely free Very rich Very fast Very fast Extremely light Very short Very long Very poor You're too scared Extremely stubborn Extremely stubborn Very hot Very tiny

The original list was taken from Wikipedia's "List of idioms in the Finnish language". "Ensin ty, sitten leikki." "First work, then play." You should first do what has to be done, and leave the fun things for later. "Terve sielu terveess ruumiissa." "A healthy soul in a healthy body." Only by keeping your body healthy you can stay happy as well. "Lyd kaksi krpst yhdell iskulla." "Hit two flies with one hit." To do two things with the effort of only one. "Viina on viisasten juoma." "Strong alcohol is the smart one's drink." Only wise people should drink alcohol, because they know when to stop. "Mink nuorena oppii, sen vanhana taitaa." "What is learned as a child, is mastered as an old person." Learning things when you're young is a very good idea.

"Haukkuva koira ei pure." "The barking dog doesn't bite." The people who seem the most dangerous in their words are usually the most harmless. "l ly lyty. "Do hit a man when he's down." Play fair. "Kysyv ei tielt eksy." "The one who asks doesn't get lost from his road." There's no shame in asking. "Ei savua ilman tulta." "No smoke without fire." There's always something true about rumours. ' "l osta sikaa skiss." "Don't buy a pig in a bag." Always make sure you know what exactly you are buying. "Kertaus on opintojen iti." "Repetition is learned things' mother." You learn by repeating things several times. "Ruokahalu kasvaa sydess." "The will to eat grows by eating." Said to children when they don't want to eat. "Ottaa hrk sarvista." "Take the bull by it's horns." To tackle something even if it's difficult. "Nostaa kissa pydlle." "To lift the cat onto the table." To start talking about a difficult subject. "Susi lampaiden vaatteissa." "A fox in lambs' clothes." He might seem harmless, but he's hiding something. "Matkustaa jniksen." "To travel as a rabit." To travel without paying the fare. "Penni ajatuksista" "A penny for your thoughts." Tell me what's on your mind. "Pit mykkkoulua." "To give somebody the silent treatment." To not talk to somebody. "l hert nukkuvaa karhua." "Don't wake a sleeping bear."

"Heitt legendaa." "To throw legends." To tell a lot of lies. "Minulla on matti kukkarossa." "I am in serious money trouble." "Aukoa ptn." "To open one's head." To speak provocatively to someone. "En min voi siksi muuttua." "I can't change into that." A statement that a desired object simply isn't available, no matter how much someone keeps asking for it. The word "siksi" (into that) is substituted with the object in question, in translative "-ksi". "Ei haukku haavaa tee, jos ei koira purra saa." "A bark leaves no marks if you don't let the dog bite." "Ei ole koiraa karvoihin katsominen." "Judge not the dog by its hair." "Don't judge a book by its cover." "Ei kukaan ole sepp syntyessn." "No one is a blacksmith when they are born." No one can be an expected to be an expert at something before they have got the chance to practice it. "Ei olla jniksen selss." "Not to be on the back of a rabbit." Not to be in an immediate hurry. "Ei se tyt kun uskaltaa vaikka tyn reen makaamaan." "Work doesn't scare him, but he could lay down near it and sleep." "Ei sylje lasiin." "Not to spit into the glass." Not to abstain from alcohol (always used with a negative). "Ei (tule) lasta eik paskaa." "Neither baby, nor shit comes." To describe an unsuccessful, painful effort. "El kuin pellossa." "To live as if in a field." To live without cleaning up after oneself, or bothering about what others think about one. "Halukas auttaja tulee kskemtt." "A willing helper comes without asking." "Happamia, sanoi kettu pihlajanmarjoista." "Sour said the fox about rowan berries." Said to someone who says negative things about something he is unable to have, but he probably deep down would like to have.

"Heittmll" "By throwing it." With little or no effort required. "Heitt veivins." "To throw one's crankshaft" To die. "Heitt lusikka nurkkaan." "To throw the spoon in the corner." To die. "Helppoa kuin heinnteko." "Easy as making hay." Extremely easy. "Hyv sopu sijaa tekee." "Harmony creates accommodation." "Joko teet tai itket ja teet." "Either you'll do it or you'll cry and do it." A direct order to do something, whether the addressed wants to do it or not. The word "teet" (do it) can be substituted with whatever verb is necessary from context. "Jumalan seln takana." "Behind God's back." In an uninteresting place, or in a place where no one else usually comes. Sometimes implies a disrespect of rural communities. "Kahden kauppa on kolmannen korvapuusti." "A good deal for two, is a clip on the ears of a third." In a trade someone always loses. "Kasvaa se mies rknokistakin, vaan ei tyhjn naurajista." "A snotnose may grow up to be a man; but he who laughs without cause, never." The mocked may grow up to dignity, but the mocker will never outgrow his juvenile behaviour. "Katoaa kuin pieru Saharaan." "Disappears like a fart into Sahara." Disappears without trace. "Ken kuuseen kurkottaa, se katajaan kapsahtaa." "Who reaches for the spruce, falls down onto the juniper." If you reach for something that is far too good for you, it is not going to end well. "Kenen leip syt, sen lauluja laulat." "Whose bread you eat, his songs you'll sing." He who pays the piper calls the tune. "Kest ik ja terveys." "To take the time of one's age and health." To take a far too long time, or be of far too much effort. "Kiert kuin kissa kuumaa puuroa."

"To circle like a cat circles hot porridge." To constantly and obviously covet something without actually making a move to get it, or to try to approach a difficult topic of speech in a roundabout way. "Kiinnostaa kuin kilo paskaa." "Interests (me) as much as a kilogram of shit." Doesn't interest at all (or annoyes you). "Koira haudattuna." "A dog buried here." An implication that there's something foul behind the scenes, the situation is not what it appears to be. "Korvessa." "In the backwoods." A place that is somewhere in a area with no interesting things surrounding it. "Kuin allit kalliolla." "Like ducks (exactly: a particular species that leaves last in the autumn) on a cliff." Left by oneself, without outside support. "Kuin Euroopan omistaja." "Like someone who owns Europe." Acting excessively posh and snobby. Usually an implication of misplacen superiority towards others. "Kuin kaksi marjaa." "Like two berries." Two people or things that seem extremely alike. "Kuin perseeseen ammuttu karhu." Like a bear which has been shot in the ass." Being extremely cranky. "Kuin seipn niellyt." "As if swallowed a spear." Standing unnaturally or needlessly upright. "Kuin tervan juontia." "Like drinking tar." Extremely slow, difficult, or ardurous. "Kuin tuhka tuuleen." "Like ash in the wind." Disappeared without trace. "Kuin viilipytty." "Like a pot of sour milk." Very calm. "Kylm kahvi kaunistaa." "Cold coffee makes (you) beautiful." "Kyhll ei ole varaa halpaan." "The poor can't afford to buy cheap."

"Mik tietoa lis, se tuskaa lis." "What adds to knowledge, adds to pain." Ignorance is bliss. "Moni kakku plt kaunis, vaan on silkkoa sislt." "Many cakes are beautiful on the surface, but have crappy fillings." "Laita lapsi asialle, mene itse perst." "Send a child to do your errands, go do them yourself afterwards." You can't trust that a job will be done properly unless you do it yourself. Used to reprimand someone who has failed in something, usually not a child. "Niin makaa, kuin petaa." "One sleeps like one makes his bed." Actions have consequences. "Ojasta allikkoon." From the ditch to the water jump. "Olla hukassa." "Be in a wolf." Being lost, missing, in despair, perished. "Oma koti kullan kallis." Own home is worth gold. "Oma lehm ojassa." "With one's own cow in the ditch." Having a personal interest or investment in the matter. "Oma maa mansikka; muu maa mustikka." "Other land blueberry; own land strawberry." Foreign places are nice enough, but home is sweeter. "Parempi pyy pivossa, kuin kymmenen oksalla." "Better one hazel grouse in the bag, than ten on the branch." A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. "Pata kattilaa soimaa." "The pot reproaching the kettle." The pot calling the kettle black. "Peukalo keskell kmment." "With one's thumb in the middle of one's palm." Very bad at doing something, usually manual labour. "Potkaista tyhj." "To kick empty space." To die. "Puhtaus on puoli ruokaa." "Cleanliness is half a meal." Keeping yourself and your food clean, you'll get more from it. Cleanliness is next to godliness.

"Pst sammakko suustaan." "To let a frog out from oneself's mouth." Blunder, to accidentally say something that shouldn't be said "Ruista ranteessa." "Rye in one's wrist." Physically strong. "Sataa kuin saavista kaataen." "It's pouring like from a big bucket." "Sattuu sit paremmissakin perheiss." "Happens in better families too." Such things happen even to better folk. "Se koira lht, johon kalikka kalahtaa." "That dog yelps, which (the) stick hits." It is the dog which is hit by the tossed stick, which yelps. Said to/about someone who makes a big do about a statement which is thus considered to be apposite. "Sokerina pohjalla." "As the sugar at the bottom." As a final bonus, benefit or gift "Toimii kuin junan vessa." "Works like the train toilet." "Tulla kuin havumajaan." "To come as if coming into a hut made of tree needles." To enter a house easily, often against the wishes of the house's owner "Tumput suorina." "With one's gloves straight." Not doing anything, with an implication that one should be doing something. "Ulkona kuin lumiukko." "Out like a snowman." Not to know anything about a given thing and thus be stunned, or to say things that are not relevant to the thing. "Vesi vanhin voitehista." "Water is the oldest medicine." "Vet jojoon." "To put in a yo-yo." To execute by hanging. Almost always used of suicide. "Vuonna miekka ja kypr/kivi." "In the year of sword and helmet/stone." Very long time ago. "Yksi tyhm kysyy enemmn, kuin kymmenen viisasta ehtii vastata." One stupid person asks more than ten wise ones can spare time answering.

"l maalaa pirua seinlle." "Don't paint the devil [on the] wall. (can also be translated as a demon)" Don't paint the image of a demon on a wall. A basic admonishment to not agonize unduly about worst case scenarios; they may not happen. Alternatively an expression of a superstititious fear of something uttered coming true (cf. "jinx"; "knock on wood" or "tempting fate"). "nellns se variskin laulaa." "Even the crow sings with its own voice." Express yourself earnestly, and you have no reason for shame even if you lack talent. Related vocabulary Nature : Garden work : Body parts

Finnish abbreviations
Abbreviation ap. arv. atk ay. cm dl eKr. EM em. engl. esim. fil. lis. fil. maist. fil.toht. FL FM g h. harv. Hki hl hra HS hum. kand. huom! ilt. jatk. JK jKr. jms. jne. joht. K. Finnish aamupivll arvoisa automaattinen tietojenksittely ammattiyhdistys senttimetri desilitra ennen Kristusta Euroopan mestaruus edell mainittu englantilainen esimerkiksi filosofian lisensiaatti filosofian maisteri filosofian tohtori = fil. lis. = fil. maist. gramma hinta / huone harvinainen Helsinki henkil herra Helsingin Sanomat humanististen tieteiden kandidaatti huomaa iltaisin jatkuu jlkikirjoitus jlkeen Kristuksen (syntymn) ja muuta sellaista ja niin edelleen johtaja Kunnioitettu/Kunnioitettava English in the morning honoured ADP trade union centimetre deciliter Before Christ (BC) European champion mentioned above English for example Licenciate in philosophy Master's in philosophy Doctor in philosophy

gram price / room rare Helsinki person sir The newspaper Helsingin Sanomat humanistic sciences candidate attention! in the evenings continuation epilogue AD etc and so on director/chief Honourable

k. kk klo ko. kpl krs ks. l leht. lv. lyh. m ME mk mm. MM mon. n. nim. nro ns. nti os. oy p. pj. pn prk pss puh. pv pvm. rkl rva ry s. sm. t. tlk tms. tri ts. v v. vars. vk vrk vrt. YK

kuollut kuukausi/kuukautta kello kyseess oleva kappaletta kerros katso litra lehtori lukuvuosi lyhenne metri maailmanenntys markka muun muuassa maailmanmestaruus monikko noin nimittin numero niin sanottu neiti osoite osakeyhti puhelin puheenjohtaja pivn purkki pussi puhelin piv pivmr ruokalusikallinen rouva rekisterity yhdistys sivu / syntynyt Suomen mestari tai tlkki tai muuta sellaista tohtori toisin sanoen vuosi vuonna / vuosina varsinkin / varsinainen viikko(a) vuorokausi vertaa Yhdistyneet kansakunnat

deceased month/months time concerning pcs floor behold liter lector academic year abbreviation meter world record Finnish mark among other things word championship plural approximately namely number so called miss address corporation telephone spokesman in that day tin/jar/container bag telephone day date tablespoon full mrs. registered union page / born Finnish champion or carton or something like it doctor in other words year in the year / in the years especially / actual week(s) one day and night compare United Nations

ym. yms. yo.

ynn muu(ta) ynn muuta sellaista ylioppilas

et cetera etc student

Rocks and gems

Finnish graniitti basaltti honkakivi liuskekivi gneissi marmori hiekkakivi kalkkikivi piikivi konglomeraatti hiili kvartsi kiille rikki hematiitti malakiitti turkoosi

English granite basalt pumice slate gneiss marble sandstone limestone / chalk flint conglomerate coal quartz mica sulphur hematite malachite turquoise

onyksi akaatti grafiitti kulta hopea platina nikkeli rauta kupari tina alumiini elohopea sinkki Jalokivet rubiini ametisti opaali granaatti topaasi safiiri smaragdi jade akvamariini

onyx agate graphite gold silver platinum nickel iron copper tin aluminium mercury zinc Gems ruby amethyst opal garnet topaz sapphire emerald jade aquamarine Related vocabulary Nature : Money : Chemistry

Computer

Finnish ATK pyttietokone kannettava tietokone salkkutietokone Skannerit ja tulostimet tulostin mustesuihkukirjoitin laserkirjoitin matriisikirjoitin kuvanlukija / skanneri

English (ADP) Automatic data processing desktop computer laptop computer lap computer Scanners and printers printer inkjet printer laser printer matrix printer scanner

muistikortti Ohjelmat kyttjrjestelm tekstinksittelyohjelma kuvanksittelyohjelma julkaisuohjelma piirto-ohjelma Internet-selain musiikkiohjelma tietokonevirus virustentorjuntaohjelma palomuuri Tietokoneen osat keskusyksikk keskusmuisti muistikortti vyl kiintolevy emolevy virtalhde nytnohjain tv-kortti modeemi suoritin tuuletin siru cd-asema levykeasema kaiutin nytt nppimist hiiri Muut tietokonepeli hakemisto tiedosto fontti kyttj ohjelmisto kursori resoluutio typyt kaistanleveys raahaaminen funktionppin yhteensopiva

memory card Programs operating system word processor picture manipulating program publishing program drawing program internet browser music program computer virus antivirus program firewall The parts of a computer central processing unit random access memory (RAM) memory card bus hard disk motherboard power supply video card tv card modem processor fan chip cd-drive floppy disk drive loudspeaker monitor keyboard mouse Other computer game folder file font user program cursor resolution desktop bandwidth dragging (with mouse) function button compatible

tietokanta

database Related vocabulary Punctuation : Communication : Biotechnology : Physics

Perceptional verbs

"Tuntua" (to feel), "nytt" (to look like), "maistua" (to taste like), haista (to smell badly like), "tuoksua" (to smell nicely like) and kuulostaa (to sound like) are verbs which are based on our senses. They are always followed by milt! Examples: Finnish Milt tm asia tuntuu? Se tuntuu painavalta. Hn tuntui onnelliselta. Milt ilma nytt? Ilma nytt kauniilta. Milt suklaa maistuu? Suklaa maistuu makealta. Milt tll haisee? Tll haisee homeelta. Milt ruusu tuoksuu? Ruusu tuoksuu ihanalta. Milt lintu kuulostaa? Se kuulostaa iloiselta.

English How does this object feel? It feels heavy. He seemed happy. How does the weather look? The weather look beautiful. How does chocolate taste? Chocolate tastes sweet. What does it stink like around here? It smells molded around here. What does a rose smell like? A rose smells wonderful. What does a bird sound like? It sounds happy. Related vocabulary The senses : Fruit : Communication Related grammar The ablative : Basic adjectives

Verbs about feelings

There are a whole bunch of verbs which speak about feelings. A lot of them are special: instead of saying "min", you have to use the partitive form "minua" and the verb in the infinitive. The reason for this is, that the "minua" isn't actually the subject of the sentence. The subject of the sentence will usually come behind the verb. There is not always a NEED for a subject in sentences like this. Here's a list of examples: Finnish Talvella meit lmmitt kuuma kaakao. Ulkona on liian kylm. Meit paleltaa. Kaupungilla oli kuuma. Nyt minua janottaa. On jo myh: minua nukuttaa. Kun olen vsynyt, minua pirist kahvia. Minua vsytt aina aamulla. English In winter, we warm up by hot chocolate milk. Outside it's too cold. We feel cold. It was very hot in the city. Now I feel thirsty. It's already late: I feel sleepy. When I'm tired, I wake up by some coffee. I always feel tired in the morning. They feel like crying because of the sad Heit itkett surullinen elokuva. movie. Minua naurattaa, kun katson hauskaa I feel like laughing when I watch a funny elokuvaa. movie. Vatsani on kipe ja minua oksettaa. My stomach hurts and I feel like throwing up. Tll on liian kuuma. Minua pyrrytt. It's too hot over here. I feel like fainting. Is jnnitt vilkas liikenne. Dad feels worried about the heavy traffic. Minua harmittaa, kun unohdan avaimet I feel annoyed, when I forget my keys at kotiin. home. Teit suututtaa, koska se on loppuunmyyty. You feel angry, because it's sold out. Meit rsytt, koska bussi on myhss. We feel annoyed, because the bus is late. Minua inhottaa sade ja kova tuuli. I hate rain and hard wind. Minua raivostuttaa, koska et ymmrr minua. I feel angry, because you don't understand me. Vauvaa kiukuttaa, jos hn ei saa ruokaa. Baby feels annoyed when he doesn't get food. Minua ilahduttaa, kun sin tuot kukkia. I feel delighted when you bring flowers. Hnt ei huvita lhte. He doesn't feel like leaving. Minua huvittavat tosi-tv-ohjelmat. I feel amused by reality tv shows. Related vocabulary To like : The verb harrastaa : Perceptional verbs Related grammar The partitive : The verb types : Personal pronouns

Tools

Finnish neula rullamitta kirves harppi naula viivain / viivoitin taltta tahko kyn hyl puukko pora viila ruuvi nuija vasara tykalupakki alasin sorvi keritsimet hohtimet metallisaha naulanvedin hiekkapaperi lapio magneetti sirppi tikapuut kottikrryt hakku

English needle measuring tape ax compass nail ruler chisel grindstone pen plane sharp Finnish knife bore, drill file screw mallet hammer toolbox anvil lathe shears pincers hacksaw nail puller sandpaper trowel magnet sickle stepladder wheelbarrow mattock Related vocabulary Housing : Garden work : At the shop : Hunting

Fairytales

Finnish English Bremenin Soittoniekat The Bremen Town Musicians Hannu ja Kerttu Hansel and Grettle Kolme Pient Porsasta The Three Little Pigs Kultakutri ja Kolme Karhua Goldilocks and the Three Bears Lumikki ja Seitsemn Kpit Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs Pekka ja Susi Peter and the Wolf Peter Pan Peter Pan Peukalo-Liisa Thumbelina Peukaloinen Tom Thumb Pieni Merenneito The Little Mermaid Pieni Tulitukkutytt The Little Matchgirl Pinokkio Pinocchio Prinsessa ja Herne The Princess and the Pea Prinsessa Ruusunen Sleeping Beauty Punahilkka Little Red Riding Hood Ritari Siniparta Bluebeard Ruma Ankanpoika The Ugly Duckling Satakieli The Nightingale Susi ja Seitsemn Pient Kili The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids Tuhkimo Cinderella Related vocabulary Childhood pastimes : Birth and babyhood : Describing people

Money

Finnish Verbit maksaa ostaa lainata vaihtaa vuokrata kytt ansaita rahoittaa rahastaa maksaa kteisell vaihtaa rahaksi rikastaa rikastua rikastuttaa varastaa sst verottaa Ihmiset kassanhoitaja rahoittaja rahastaja rahastonhoitaja pankkimies / pankkiiri pankkivirkailija pankinjohtaja pankkirystj varas kyhlist prssimeklari osakas kauppias myyj palkansaaja verokarhu

English Verbs to pay / to cost to buy to borrow to change to rent to use / to spend to earn to finance to collect fares to pay with cash to cash in to enrich to get rich / to make money to make rich to steal to save to tax People cashier financer conductor treasurer banker bank clerk bank manager bank robber thief the poor stockbroker stockholder / shareholder shop-keeper sales person wage earner the taxman

veronmaksaja vakuutuksenantaja vakuutuksenottaja vakuutusasiamies Pankki liikepankki osuuspankki sstpankki pankkitili pankkikortti tiliote kassa pankkiautomaatti / otto pankkiholvi pankkisiirto pankkitalletus ssttili sstpankki korko kassakaappi Raha rahakukkaro rahapussi kolikko rahakokoelma seteli sekki avoin sekki katteeton sekki viivattu sekki sekkivihko rahasto rahoitus rahalahjoitus

taxpayer insurer the insured insurance agent Bank commercial bank cooperative bank savings bank bank account bank card bank statement cash desk cash dispenser bank vault bank transfer bank deposit savings account savings bank interest safe Money coin purse wallet coin coin collection bank note cheque a black cheque a bad cheque a crossed cheque chequebook fund finance donation Tax VAT tax scale tax form taxable collection of taxes tax avoidance tax refund tax rate tax burden tax office

Vero arvonlisvero veroasteikko veroilmoitus verollinen / veronalainen veronkanto verokierto veropalautus veroprosentti verorasitus verotoimisto

veroton verotus Prssi raha-asiat rahaliitto rahamaailma rahamarkkinat rahanvaihto valuuttakurssi rahan arvo kassavirta kauppatiede inflaatio osake Kyhyys kyh kyhyysraja rahahuolet rahapula rahaton rahapulassa rahavaikeudet konkurssi / vararikko sakko pankkilaina pankkiryst

tax free taxation Stock exchange financial affairs monetary union financial world financial market money exchange exchange rate value of money cash flow economics inflation share Poverty poor poverty line financial worries lack of money penniless short of cash financial difficulties bankruptcy fine bank loan back robbery

Muut Other rikas rich rikkaus wealth kasino casino raha-automaatti slot machine rahasumma sum of money alennusmyynti sale palkankorotus pay rise rahanhimo greed for money voitto profit vakuutus insurance vakuuttamaton uninsured vakuutusyhti insurance company palkka wages / salary Related vocabulary Communication : Occupations : Relationships : At the shop : At the airport

Hunting

Finnish metsst ammus ammukset ansa aseenkantolupa haulikko hirvenmetsstys hylsy jljitt kivri laukaus liipaisin linnunmetsstys lopettaa elin loukku luoti metsstysase metsstj nalli pienoiskivri rauhoitusaika ruuti saalis saalistaa salametsstys sorsanmetsstys surmata / tappaa teurastaa thtin vaania

English to hunt bullet ammunition ambush gun license shotgun deer-hunt socket to track down rifle shot trigger bird-hunting finish an animal off trap lead hunting weapon hunter detonator small-bore rifle closed game season gunpowder prey to hunt poaching duck-hunt to kill to slaughter viewfinder to lie in ambush Related vocabulary Fishing : Birds : Zoo animals

Fishing

Finnish ammattikalastus avanto bambuvapa ev haavi heittokalastus hiilikuituvapa hynteistoukka isorys kaarirys kala kalalammikko kalastaa kalastaja kalastuskausi kalastuskortti kalastusvlineet katiska kalaverkko kidukset koho koukku kutuaika lasikuituvapa lippa mato merta mti nuotta onginta onki onkiminen onkivapa paino perata perho perhokalastus pilkkionginta

English commercial fishing hole in the ice bamboo rod fin net cast fishing carbon rod maggot / insect larva fyke net hoop net a fish fish pond to fish fisherman fishing season fishing permit / fishing license fishing gear fish trap fish net gills bob / bobber hook spawning season glass rod spinner worm fish trap spawn seine pole fishing fishing rod hook and line fishing rod sinker to gut fly fly-fishing ice fishing

pitksiima pyrst rahoitusaika rapu ruoto rys saada kalaa siima sumppu suomu suomustaa syttikala uistin urheilukalastus verkkokalastus

nightline tail closed season crayfish bone fyke to catch fish line / twin fish hold / fish box scale to scale bait fish spoon-bait sport fishing net fishing Related vocabulary Nature : Hunting : Fish

The telephone

Finnish tietoliikennesatelliitti tiedonsiirto matkaviestint matkaviestinverkko langaton matkapuhelin ksipuhelin knnykk valmiusaika luuripuhelin puhelinvaihde puhelinvastaaja hakulaite

English communication satellite date transfer mobile telecommunication mobile communication network wireless mobile telephone portable telephone mobile waiting time receiver switchboard answering machine call finder

suuntanumero alanumero lyhytvalinta kaukopuhelu paikallispuhelu valintani Puhelimen osat valikko virtanppin nppimet knnykn laturi akku mikrofoni vrikuori handsfree-laite

area code extension speed dial long-distance call local call dial tone The phone's parts menu powerbutton buttons recharger battery microphone cover handsfree device Related vocabulary Communication : The press : Travelling

Social security

Finnish sairausvakuutus kelakortti henkiltunnus omavastuu pivraha odotusaika itiysavustus lapsilis lastenneuvola hammashoito pivhoito kunnallinen perhepivhoito lastentarha esikoulu avioliittoneuvola turvakoti kodinhoidon tuki isyysloma itiysloma asumistuki

English health insurance social security card identity number deductible daily allowance waiting period maternity benefit child benefit child health centre tooth care day care communal / municipal family day care kindergarten preschool marriage guidance centre shelter household help paternity leave maternity leave housing allowance

opintotuki tyttmyysturva kansanelke tykyvyttmyyselke osa-aikaelke elkerahasto elkelinen

student aid unemployment benefit national pension disability pension part-time pension pension fund pensioner Related vocabulary Money :Politics : War : Age

Literature

Finnish alkusanat alkusointi elinsatu ilmaisukeino ilmaisuvapaus julkaista julkaisu jnnitysromaani kansanrunous kansi kaunokirjallisuus kertoja kertomus kirja kirjailija kirjaluettelo kirjapaino kirjoitelma kustantaja kustantamo ksikirjoitus knnekohta knns

English prologue alliteration fable means of expression freedom of expression to publish publication thriller folklore cover fiction narrator narration book writer bibliography printing shop essay publisher publishing company manuscript turning point translation

kntj lastenkirjallisuus loppusointi luku lyriikka matkakuvaus nide nuortenkirjallisuus nytelmkirjallisuus omaelmkerta pakina pakinoitsija painos phenkil romaani runoilija runollinen salapoliisiromaani sarjakuvat satu selonteko se taskukirja teos tieteiskirjallisuus tietokirjallisuus tiivistelm tyyli viihdekirjallisuus vuoropuhelu yhteenveto yksinpuhelu

translator children literature rhyme chapter lyric poetry traveling literature binding youth books dramatic literature autobiography light article columnist edition principal character novel poet poetical whodunit comics fairytale review verse paperback volume science fiction nonfiction summary style light reading dialogue summary monologue Related vocabulary Fairytales : Relationships : Miscellaneous food items

The press

Finnish

English

Shk lehdisttilaisuus lehdisttiedote roskalehdist sensaatiolehdist journalismi tutkiva journalismi lehtimies / lehtinainen / toimittaja Toimituskunta ptoimittaja artikkelitoimittaja urheilutoimittaja kuvittaja valokuvaaja pakinoitsija taidearvostelija kirjeenvaihtaja avustaja vapaa toimittaja tekstitoimittaja Sanomalehti pivlehti laatulehti massalehti iltapivlehti paikallislehti ilmaisjakelulehti aikakauslehti sarjakuvalehti muotilehti naistenlehti levikki lukijakunta

Electricity press conference press release gutter press yellow press journalism investigative journalism journalist Editorial staff editor features editor sports editor illustrator photographer columnist art critic correspondent contributor freelance journalist copy editor Newspaper daily newspaper quality paper popular paper tabloid local paper free local paper magazine comics fashion magazine women's magazine circulation readership Related vocabulary Numbers : Intelligence : Money

Politics

Finnish

English

aate ehdokas enemmist ennakkonestys iskulause kannattaja kannatus kapina kunnallisvaalit kunnanvaltuusto lautakunta mielenosoitus oppositio oikeisto puolue poliitikko politiikka poliittinen porvarillinen pttj radikaali vallankumous vallankumouksellinen valtuutettu vanhoillinen vapaamielinen vasemmisto vastustaja vhemmist nioikeus nioikeutettu nest nestys

ideology candidate majority advance voting slogan supporter support rebellion municipal elections municipal council board / commision demonstration opposition conservatives / right wing party / fraction politician politics political middle-class decision-maker radical revolution revolutionary representative conservative liberal left wing opponent minority right to vote entitled to vote to vote voting Related vocabulary War : Money : Crime

Law and crime

Finnish Rikos rike murto

English Crime offence burglary

murtautua varkaus varas npistys kavallus petos huijaus vrennys vrenns salakuljetus huumeet pahoinpitely tappelu tappo murha paritus raiskaus ryst Tuomita syyllinen syytn Rangaistus vapaudenriisto pidtys vanki vankila kuritushuone ehdollinen yhteiskuntapalvelu vanginvartija vankikarkuri paeta pako karata sovittelu pst vapaaksi Muut laki laillinen laiton oikeus oikeuskansleri oikeusasiamies korkein oikeus hovioikeus lnioikeus

to break in robbery thief petty larceny treason deceit swindling falsification forgery smuggling drugs assault fight manslaughter murder pimping rape kidnapping To convict guilty innocent Sentence deprivation of freedom arrest prisoner prison penitentiary conditional civil service prison guard runaway to escape escape to break loose reconciliation to be released Other law legal illegal justice Attorney General representative of law supreme court appellate court provincial administrative court

krjoikeus oikeudenkynti tuomioistuin todistaa syyllisty johonkin kuulustella kuulustelu vannoa vala vr vala rikollinen syyttj tuomari lautamies todistaja asianajaja valamiehist

trial court lawsuit law court to testify to be guilty of something to interrogate hearing to take an oath false oath criminal prosecutor judge juryman witness lawyer jury Related vocabulary Politics : Money : The press : Hunting : War

War

Finnish Sota sisllissota ensimminen maailmansota toinen maailmansota talvisota jatkosota Verbit sotia haavoittua kaatua kuolla voittaa hvit piiritt valloittaa miehitt

English War civil war first world war second world war winter war continuation war Verbs to make war to be wounded to fall to die to win to lose to beseige to conquer to occupy

vetyty jostakin antautua torjua hykkys solmia rauha neuvotella Aselaji tykist lennosto ilmatorjunta hvittj laivasto miinanraivaus Maavoimat pioneerijoukot pataljoona divisioona komppania joukkue esikunta asevelvollisuus siviilipalvelu siviilipalvelumies aseistakieltytyj aseeton palvelu Ihmiset miinanraivaaja tukialus alokas korpraali kersantti vpeli sotilasmestari vnrikki luutnantti kapteeni majuri eversti kenraali ylipllikk matruusi pursimies kommodori amiraali Aseet pistooli

to withdraw from somewhere to surrender to parry an attack to establish peace to negotiate Branch artillery air force air raid defence fighter marine / navy mine clearing Land forces pioneers battalion division company squad staff national service civil alternative service conscientious objector draft resister unarmed service People minesweeper carrier recruit corporal sergeant sergeant-major warrant officer second lieutenant first lieutenant captain major colonel general commander-in-chief sailor boatswain commodore admiral Weapons pistol

kivri pistin konepistooli rynnkkkivri konekivri tykki sinko ksikranaatti miina pommi pommitus ohjus ydinase ydinkrki tsmase Rauha rauhansopimus rauhanehdot rauhanaate neuvottelu rauhanjjest aseistariisunta liennytys rauhanturvajoukot Muut kovapanosammunta simputus hvittjlaiva sukellusvene panssarijoukot sotainen sotakiihkoilija sotavki sotilaallinen sotilas palkkasoturi sissi taistelu linnoitus rintama taisteluhauta hykkys liikekannallepano puolustus pesikunta vetytyminen sotilaskuri

rifle bayonet submachine gun assault rifle machine gun artillery piece bazooka hand grenade mine bomb bombardment missile nuclear weapon nuclear warhead weapon of precision Peace peace treaty peace terms pacifsm negotations peace organization disarmament detente peace corps Other live ammunition firing bullying destroyer ship submarine tank troops militant war fanatic military forces military soldier mercenary guerilla soldier battle fortress front trench attack mobilization defence main headquarters retreat soldier discipline

sotilaskoti liikekannallepano

soldier's canteen mobilization Related vocabulary Politics : Money : Intelligence : Death : Law and crime

Intelligence

Finnish lykkyysosamr lyks nokkela loistava nero nerokas viisas Typer hupsu omituinen outo Jrki menett jrkens tulla jrkiins terve jrki jrkev Verbit harkita ottaa huomioon mietti tajuta olettaa muistaa unohtaa keskitty Muut lahjakkuus

English IQ intelligence clever / smart / quick brilliant genius ingenious wise Stupid foolish / crazy / mad odd / weird / strange freak Reason to lose one's sense to regain one's sense common sense sensible Verbs to consider to take into consideration to reflect to realize to assume to remember to forget to concentrate Other talent

lahjakas kyky kasvomuisti muisti / muisto tieto johtopts oletus ajatus harkittu mielipide

talented ability memory for faces memory knowledge conclusion assumption thought considered opinion Related vocabulary Politics : Biotechnology : Chemistry : Death : Law and crime

Housing
Finnish Lhiymprist asuinlhi asuinalue esikaupunki kaupunki kyl English Neighborhood residential neighborhood housing estate suburb city village

Koti talo rakennus omakotitalo paritalo rivitalo vuokratalo keshuvila huvila kartano mkki hirsimaja kerrostalo tornitalo huoneisto yksi kaksio vanhainkoti Muuttaa asuntoa kiinteistnvlittj asuntopula tilapismajoitus

Home house building detached house / one-family house semi-detached house row house council house bungalow villa mansion cottage log cabin block of flats tower block apartment / flat one-room apartment two-room apartment old people's home To move house estate agent housing shortage temporary accommodation

vuokra vuokrata vuokraennakko vuokraisnt vuokralainen vuokrasopimus sanoa irti korkea vuokra alhainen vuokra muuttomiehet muuttoauto tupaantuliaiset naapuri lhinaapuri kiinnelaina asuntolaina kiinteistnhoitaja asumistuki

rent to rent rent deposit landlord tenant renting contract to give notice high rent low rent removal men removal van house-warming party neighbor next-door neighbor mortgage home loan caretaker / janitor housing benefit

Korjata tehd pintaremontti asentaa maalata maali purkaa rakentaa rakenteilla rakennustymaa rakennustarvikkeet Rakentaja urakoitsija rakennusmestari rakennusmies putkimies muurari shkmies puusepp Tykalut suojakypr muurauslasta kottikrryt lapio hakku leka / moukari

To renovate, repair to redecorate to install / to fit to paint paint to knock down / to pull down to build under construction building site building materials Builder contractor site manager building worker plumber bricklayer electrician carpenter Tools safety helmet trowel wheelbarrow shovel pickaxe sledgehammer

vasara naula kiintoavain jakoavain ruuvi taltta paineilmapora porakone iskuporakone shkhiomakone shkmeisseli Laskea perustus kaivuri nosturi kippiauto betonimylly tikapuut putkityt vesijohdot viemrit Eristys lmperistys nieristys eritysnauha erist lasikuitu vuorivilla styroksi

hammer nail spanner / wrench adjustable spanner screw chisel pneumatic drill electric drill percussion drill electric sander power driver To lay the foundations excavator crane dumper truck mixer ladder plumbing water pipes drains / sewer Insulation thermal insulation sound insulation insulation tape to insulate fiberglass mineral / rock wool styrofoam Related vocabulary Tools : Intelligence : Money

Biotechnology and genetic engineering

Finnish

English

biologia biologinen bioreaktori biokaasu biokemia solu tuma kromosomi klooni kloonata geeni perinnllisyystiede perim perinttiede geenitekniikka geenipankki muuros / mutaatio geenimanipulaatio hyppiv geeni vallitseva geeni vistyv geeni

biology biological bioreactor biogas biochemistry cell cell nucleus chromosome clone to clone gene genetics genetic code genetic information genetic technique gene bank gene mutation gene manipulation jumping gene / mobile gene dominant gene recessive gene Related vocabulary Reptiles : Intelligence : Chemistry

At the library

Finnish kirjasto lhikirjasto lainakirjasto ksikirjasto kirjastoauto kirjastonhoitaja

English library branch library lending library reference library mobile library librarian

kirjastovirkailija osasto lasten osasto nuorten osasto lukusali hylly luettelo kirjastokortti lainata kirja palauttaa kirja varata kirja runous romaani dekkari jnnri vakoilukirja sotakirja rakkausromaanit tietokirjallisuus elmkerta omaelmkerta opaskirja keittokirja pehmekantinen kovakantinen kirja menekkikirja

library assistant department children's department junior department reading room shelf catalogue library card to borrow a book to return a book to reserve a book poetry novel detective story thriller spy novel war novel romantic fiction non-fiction biography autobiography travel guide cooking book paperback hardback book best-seller Related vocabulary Literature : Relationships : Occupations

Words ending in -ton/tn


Adjectives describing a lack of something often get the -ton/-tn ending. In English it would be "un-" (onni "happiness", onneton "unhappy"), or "-less" " (koti "home", koditon "homeless"). To create such an adjective, you take the weak stem of the word and add -ton/-tn to it. Noun onni vaara ni siivo loppu raha ty perhe nimi aika Adjective onnellinen vaarallinen neks siisti lopullinen rahakas tyllinen perheellinen -ton adjective onneton vaaraton netn siivoton loputon rahaton tytn perheetn nimetn ajaton Translation unhappy not dangerous voiceless untidy endless moneyless jobless without a family nameless timeless

usko pilvi palkka rauha ik sukupuoli koti vaiva elo ilo asia vika bakteeri laki lupa sade vesi velka virhe ongelma taju lahja kelpo juuri jumala rasva iti ydin vilppi vero veri ehto varaus aateli aihe aine aisti alkoholi armo ase avio apu haju happi hiha jako karva kipu kunnia

uskollinen pilvinen palkallinen rauhallinen ikinen vaivallinen elollinen iloinen asiallinen viallinen laillinen luvallinen sateinen vetinen velallinen virheellinen ongelmallinen tajuissaan lahjainen kelvollinen juurellinen jumalallinen rasvainen idillinen ytimeks vilpillinen veroinen verinen ehdollinen varauksellinen aatelinen aiheellinen aineellinen aistillinen armollinen aseellinen aviollinen avullinen hajuinen happinen hihainen jaollinen karvainen kivulias kunniallinen

uskoton pilvetn palkaton rauhaton itn sukupuoleton koditon vaivaton eloton iloton asiaton viaton bakteeriton laiton luvaton sateeton vedetn velaton virheetn ongelmaton tajuton lahjaton kelvoton juureton jumalaton rasvaton iditn ytimetn vilpitn veroton veretn ehdoton vauraukseton aateliton aiheeton aineeton aistiton alkoholiton armoton aseeton avioton avuton hajuton hapeton hihaton jaoton karvaton kivuton kunniaton

unbelievable cloudless unpaid nervous ageless sexless homeless convenient lifeless joyless inappropriate innocent sterile illegal without permission wihout rain without water free of debt faultless without problems unconscious not talented useless rootless ungodly fat free motherless stale / flat sincere tax-free bloodless unconditional unreserved not of noble birth groundless immaterial tasteless non-alcoholic merciless unarmed illegitimate helpless odourless free from oxygen sleeveless indivisible hairless painless dishonourable

kuvio

kuviollinen

kuvioton

unfigured

You can also create an adjective - with the same kind of change in meaning - based on a verb. For that you take the strong stem of the verb (the -vat form), to which you add -maton/-mtn. Verb aavistaa ajatella alistua alkaa ansaita arkailla arvata asua auttaa avata epill erottaa etsi halkaista harjoittaa haudata hoitaa huolia hirit jakaa julkaista jrjestell jty kalustaa kelvata keskeyty kiitt kirjoittaa koeta koristella korjata korvata kuolla kuoria kutsua kuvata ksitt kytt lakata laskea leimata loppua lmmitt -maton/-mtn word aavistamaton ajattelematon alistumaton alkamaton ansaitsematon arkailematon arvaamaton asumaton auttamaton avaamaton epilemtn erottamaton etsimtn halkaisematon harjoittamaton hautaamaton hoitamaton huolimaton hiritsemtn jakamaton julkaisematon jrjestelmtn jtymtn kalustamaton kelpaamaton keskeytymtn kiittmtn kirjoittamaton kokematon koristelematon korjaamaton korvaamaton kuolematon kuorimaton kutsumaton kuvaamaton ksittmtn kyttmtn lakkaamaton laskematon leimaamaton loppumaton lmmittmtn English unforeseen / unexpected thoughtless unsubmissive not (yet) commenced unmerited unshrinking / bold inestimable / incalculable uninhabited irreparable / incurable unopened / closed unmistakable / undoubted inseperable unsought (for) unsplit untrained / unpractised unburied unkempt / uncared for careless / negligent undisturbed undivided unpublished unsystematic unfrozen unfurnished useless uninterrupted ungrateful unwritten / blank inexperienced unadorned uncorrected / not repaired irreplaceable immortal unpeeled uninvited indescribable incomprehensible unused incessant / uninterrupted incalculable unstamped endless / never-ending unheated

maalata maksaa nky odottaa oppia osata puhua ratkaista riippua sanoa sekoittaa siivota tarkistaa toteutua totella tuottaa tutkia uskoa vaatia vahingoittua vahvistaa

maalaamaton maksamaton nkymtn odottamaton oppimaton osaamaton puhumaton ratkaisematon riippumaton sanomaton sekoittamaton siivoamaton tarkistamaton toteutumaton tottelematon tuottamaton tutkimaton uskomaton vaatimaton vahingoittumaton vahvistamaton

unpainted unpaid invisible unexpected uneducated unskilled speechless unresolved / unsettled independent unspeakable unmixed untidy unchecked / unrevised unfulfilled disobdient unproductive unexamined / unexplored unbelievable modest / unassuming uninjured / undamaged unconfirmed

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -ton Plural -ton Singular -maton Plural -maton tytn tyttmt osaamaton osaamattomat tytnt tyttmi osaamatonta osaamattomia tyttmn tyttmien osaamattoman osaamattomien tyttmss tyttmiss osaamattomassa osaamattomissa tyttmst tyttmist osaamattomasta osaamattomista tyttmn tyttmiin osaamattomaan osaamattomiin tyttmll tyttmill osaamattomalla osaamattomilla tyttmlt tyttmilt osaamattomalta osaamattomilta tyttmlle tyttmille osaamattomalle osaamattomille tyttmn tyttmin osaamattomana osaamattomina tyttmksi tyttmiksi osaamattomaksi osaamattomiksi tyttmtt tyttmitt osaamattomatta osaamattomitta Related vocabulary Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -sto/-st : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -uus/yys : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -ja/-j

Words ending in -uus/-yys


Many adjectives can be changed, thus becoming nouns. The most common way to do this is to give them the -uus or -yys ending. Adjective English Noun English

ahkera ankara arka arvokas avara halpa halukas hankala hapan hauska hoikka hullu ihana itseks itsevarma jatkuva kova kuiva kuuma laaja lahjakas laiha laiska lihava luova nuori ruma sujuva suora suuri onneton paksu pitk synkk tarkka tarmokas tyhm uusi valoisa vanha

hard-working strict sensitive / scared valuable spacious / vast cheap willing difficult sour funny slender crazy lovely egoistic self-assured continuous hard dry hot wide gifted thin lazy fat creative young ugly fluent straight large unhappy thick long gloomy accurate energetic stupid new bright old

ahkeruus ankaruus arkuus arvokkuus avaruus halpuus halukkuus hankaluus happamuus hauskuus hoikkuus hulluus ihanuus itsekkyys itsevarmuus jatkuvuus kovuus kuivuus kuumuus laajuus lahjakkuus laihuus laiskuus lihavuus luovuus nuoruus rumuus sujuvuus suoruus suuruus onnettomuus paksuus pituus synkkyys tarkkuus tarmokkuus tyhmyys uutuus valoisuus vanhuus

diligence strictness / rigor sensitivity valuableness / value space cheapness willingness / eagerness difficulty sourness / acidity pleasure / enjoyment slenderness / thinness madness / insanity loveliness egoism self-assurance continuity hardness / severity drought heat width talent (for) thinness laziness fatness creativity youth ugliness fluency straightness / directness largeness / size accident thickness length gloominess accuracy energy stupidity newness brightness old age

Adjectives ending in -inen can be changed very easily: Adjective onnellinen aktiivinen ammatillinen anteliainen English happy active occupational giving Noun aineellisuus aktiivisuus ammattilaisuus anteliaisuus English unhappy activeness professionalism generosity

asiallinen barbaarinen buddhalainen ennakkoluuloinen erikoinen erilainen harvinainen hiljainen hindulainen iloinen likainen mahdollinen salainen surullinen kiitollinen kateellinen syyllinen ystvllinen

businesslike barbaric Buddhistic prejudiced particular different rare silent Hinduist cheerful dirty possible secret sad thankful jealous guilty friendly

asiallisuus barbaarisuus buddhalaisuus ennakkoluuloisuus erikoisuus erilaisuus harvinaisuus hiljaisuus hindulaisuus iloisuus likaisuus mahdollisuus salaisuus surullisuus kiitollisuus kateellisuus syyllisyys ystvllisyys

pertinence barbarism Buddhism prejudice particularity difference rarity / rareness silence Hinduism cheerfulness impurity possibility a secret sadness thankfulness jealousy guilt friendliness

Then, there are also words who only get -us or -ys added: Adjective absurdi ahne harmaa heikko helppo humaani huono hlm kallis kaunis kapea kiero kiltti korkea kostea rakas terve tihe tuore ylpe English absurd greed grey weak easy humane bad idiot expensive beautiful narrow crooked kind high humid beloved healthy dense fresh proud Noun absurdius ahneus harmaus heikkous helppous humaanius huonous hlmys kalleus kauneus kapeus kierous kilttiys korkeus kosteus rakkaus terveys tiheys tuoreus ylpeys English absurdity greediness greyness weakness ease humanity badness idiocy expensiveness beauty narrowness crookedness kindness highth humidity love health density freshness pride

Sometimes you can make a similar looking noun from another noun as well: Noun aateli ehdokas is English noble birth candidate father Noun aateluus ehdokkuus isyys English nobility candidacy fatherhood

jumala lapsi mies osa poika veli ystv iti

god child man part boy brother friend mother

jumaluus lapsuus miehuus osuus poikuus veljeys ystvyys itiys

divinity childhood manhood share, proportion boyhood brotherhood friendship motherhood

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -uus Plural -uus Singular -yys Plural -yys salaisuus salaisuudet ystvyys ystvyydet salaisuutta salaisuuksia ystvyytt ystvyyksi salaisuuden salaisuuksien ystvyyden ystvyyksien salaisuudessa salaisuuksissa ystvyydess ystvyyksiss salaisuudesta salaisuuksista ystvyydest ystvyyksist salaisuuteen salaisuuksiin ystvyyteen ystvyyksiin salaisuudella salaisuuksilla ystvyydell ystvyyksill salaisuudelta salaisuuksilta ystvyydelt ystvyyksilt salaisuudelle salaisuuksille ystvyydelle ystvyyksille salaisuutena salaisuuksina ystvyyten ystvyyksin salaisuudeksi salaisuuksiksi ystvyydeksi ystvyyksiksi salaisuudetta salaisuuksitta ystvyydett ystvyyksitt Related vocabulary Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -sto/-st : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -ton/tn : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -ja/-j

Words ending in -nto


Words ending in -nto always have a verb at the base of them. To create a word with the -nto ending, you take the weak stem of the verb and add -nto/-nt to it. Verb lausua uskoa tuottaa tutkia toimia sopia keksi mietti nytt peri oppia pyrki lukea -nto lausunto uskonto tuotanto tutkinto toiminto sovinto keksint mietint nytnt perint opinto pyrint luento In English statement / report faith production examination function reconciliation invention report performance / show interitance / legacy study / studies aspiration lecture

palkita hallita ravita olla johtaa havaita istua kytt asentaa asua kaivaa kukkia lent tuntea nauttia toistaa pyyt tynt tytt

palkinto hallinto ravinto olento johdanto havainto istunto kytnt asento asunto kaivanto kukinto lento tunto nautinto toisinto pyynt tynt tytnt

award / prize / reward management / administration nourishment / nutriment creature / being introduction perception / observation session practice, procedure position / pose residence / dwelling canal blossom flight feeling enjoyment / pleasure variation request push fulfilment

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -nto Plural -nto Singular -nt Plural -nt uskonto uskonnot kytnt kytnnt uskontoa uskontoja kytnt kytntj uskonnon uskontojen kytnnn kytntjen uskonnossa uskonnoissa kytnnss kytnniss uskonnosta uskonnoista kytnnst kytnnist uskontoon uskontoihin kytntn kytntihin uskonnolla uskonnoilla kytnnll kytnnill uskonnolta uskonnoilta kytnnlt kytnnilt uskonnolle uskonnoille kytnnlle kytnnille uskontona uskontoina kytntn kytntin uskonnoksi uskonnoiksi kytnnksi kytnniksi uskonnotta uskonnoitta kytnntt kytnnitt Related vocabulary Words ending in -ton/-tn : Words ending in -sto/-st : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -uus/yys : Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -ja/-j

Words ending in -nta


Words ending in -nta always have a verb at the base of them. To create a word with the -nta ending, you take the weak stem of the verb and add -nta/-nt to it. Verb tarjota toimia -nta tarjonta toiminta In English supply activity

uusia kosia lkit merkit valita hallita tulkita mainita sanoa kertoa syrji sil liikehti pohtia hankkia laatia raataa onkia ampua astua hajota harkita hautoa haukkua heilua hieroa hirnua huuhtoa juhlia karjua karsia keinua kertoa kiskoa kutoa kukkia kuohua lausua liikkua mainita meloa onkia paheksua palvoa polkea purra raataa ruoskia sitoa

uusinta kosinta lkint merkint valinta hallinta tulkinta maininta sanonta kerronta syrjint silnt liikehdint pohdinta hankinta laadinta raadanta onginta ammunta astunta hajonta harkinta haudonta haukunta heilunta hieronta hirnunta huuhdonta juhlinta karjunta karsinta keinunta kerronta kiskonta kudonta kukinta kuohunta lausunta liikunta maininta melonta onginta paheksunta palvonta poljenta purenta raadanta ruoskinta sidonta

renewal proposal ( of marriage) treatment / cure note / annotion selection, choice occupancy / tenancy interpretation quotation expression / term narration discrimination preservation manoeuvres discussion acquisition / delivery preparation / compilation drudgery / toiling line-fishing shooting stepping despersion deliberation fomentation / bathing barking sway massage neighing rinsing partying roar pruning / lopping sway narration profiteering / overcharging weaving flowering / bloom agitation / fermentation pronounciation movement / exercise quotation canoeing line-fishing disapproval adoration tramping / stamping bite / occlusion drudgery flogging binding / bandaging

tajuta tarttua uusia vinkua

tajunta tartunta uusinta vingunta

consciousness infection renewal bray

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -nta Plural -nta Singular -nt Plural -nt tarjonta tarjonnat lkint lkinnt tarjontaa tarjontoja lkint lkintj tarjonnan tarjontojen lkinnn lkintjen tarjonnassa tarjonnoissa lkinnss lkinniss tarjonnasta tarjonnoista lkinnss lkinniss tarjontaan tarjontoihin lkintn lkintihin tarjonnalla tarjonnoilla lkinnll lkinnill tarjonnalta tarjonnoilta lkinnll lkinnill tarjonnalle tarjonnoille lkinnlle lkinnille tarjontana tarjontoina lkintn lkintin tarjonnaksi tarjonnoiksi lkinnksi lkinniksi tarjonnatta tarjonnoitta lkinntt lkinnitt Related vocabulary Words ending in -ton/-tn : Words ending in -sto/-st : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -uus/yys : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -ja/-j

Words ending in -sto/-st


Some nouns can be altered by adding -sto at the end of them. The new word will mean a collection (multitude) of the old one. Saari is for example "island", while saaristo is a collection of islands close together. Noun vesi kirja laiva vara hermo kalu saari oikea neuvo puu luu hylly sana ympri nimi kysi English water book boat reserve nerve thing island right advice tree bone shelf word around name rope Collection vesist kirjasto laivasto varasto hermosto kalusto saaristo oikeisto neuvosto puusto luusto hyllyst sanasto ymprist nimist kysist English water system library navy / fleet warehouse / stockroom nervous system furniture / equipment archipelago right wing board, council stand of forest the bones / skeleton shelf unit lexicon / vocabulary surroundings nomenclature cordage / cabling

osa henkil maa tila juuri toimi ilma tie kasvi putki raha astia aateli

part person earth situation root act weather road plant pipe money plate noble

osasto henkilst maasto tilasto juuristo toimisto ilmasto tiest kasvisto putkisto rahasto astiasto aatelisto

department staff ground / terrain statistics root system office climate road network flora plumbing treasury set / service nobility

The following group of words are examples where there is consonant gradation present, or other changes to the stem of the word. Noun vki lehti lintu hammas merkki hinta kartta puku kortti se laite lihas huone kone ohjelma vline enemmn vhemmn johtaja aine mies elin elin English people paper bird tooth sign price map suit card verse device muscle room machine program medium more less boss substance man animal organ Collection vest lehdist linnusto hampaisto merkist hinnasto kartasto puvusto kortisto skeist laitteisto lihaksisto huoneisto koneisto ohjelmisto vlineist enemmist vhemmist johtajisto aineisto miehist elimist elimist English population press the birds teeth character set price-list atlas wardrobe card index stanza equipment muscular system apartment mechanism repertoire facilities majority minority leaders material crew fauna body

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Singular -sto sanasto sanastoa sanaston sanastossa Plural -sto sanastot sanastoja sanastojen sanastoissa Singular -st vest vest vestn vestss Plural -st vestt vestj vestjen vestiss

Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive

sanastosta sanastoista vestst vestist sanastoon sanastoihin vestn vestihin sanastolla sanastoilla vestll vestill sanastolta sanastoilta vestlt vestilt sanastolle sanastoille vestlle vestille sanastona sanastoina vestn vestin sanastoksi sanastoiksi vestksi vestiksi sanastotta sanastoitta vesttt vestitt Related vocabulary Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -uus/-yys : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -ton/tn : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -ja/-j

Words ending in -ja/-j


A lot of verbs, in Finnish as well as in English, have a derivate that means a person doing the thing the verb describes. In English the ending for this is often -er (for example: to play -> player). In Finnish the ending is often -ija, or -ja. 1. -IJA words: The verb emnnid ihailla hallita harhailla hulinoida huomioida julkaista kapinoida katsella kerill kokeilla kulkea kuulla kuunnella kylpe kyd lasketella luennoida luistella lukea lhte matkailla opiskella pest pyrki pyrill In English to manage the household to admire to govern to wander to be unruly to observe to publish to rebel to look to collect to try to move to hear to listen to bathe to visit to go down hills to lecture to skate to read to leave to travel to study to wash to strive (for) to cycle The person emmnnitsij ihailija hallitsija harhailija hulinoitsija huomioitsija julkaisija kapinoitsija katselija kerilij kokeilija jalankulkija kuulija kuuntelija kylpij kvij laskettelija luennoija luistelija lukija lhtij matkailija opiskelija pesij pyrkij pyrilij In English housekeeper admirer ruler wanderer hooligan observer publisher rebel spectator collector experimenter pedestrian hearer listener bather visitor / frequenter downhill skiir lecturer skater reader person leaving traveller student washerwoman / laundress applicant cyclist

runoilla suositella tarjoilla tehd telttailla tupakoida urheilla valita vietell viljell vitkastella voimistella 2. -JA words: The verb ajaa ampua asentaa avata esiinty hiiht hitsata hoitaa holhota ilmoittaa johtaa jrjest kahlata kalastaa katsoa kerjt kertoa kirist korjata kuljettaa kuristaa kytt knt lahjoittaa lent loukata luoda matkustaa myyd ostaa palvoa parantaa pelata

to write poetry to recommend to serve to do / to make to camp to smoke to sport to choose to seduce to cultivate to dawdle to to gymnastics

runoilija suosittelija tarjoilija tekij telttailija tupakoija urheilija valitsija viettelij maanviljelij vitkastelija voimistelija

poet referee waiter doer / maker camper smoker athlete selector / voter seducer farmer dawdler gymnast

In English to drive to shoot to fit / to install to open to perform to ski to weld to take care to guard to advertise to lead to organize to wade to fish to watch to bed to tell to blackmail to repair to transport to strangle to use to translate to donate to fly to hurt to create to travel to sell to buy to worship to make better to play

The person ajaja ampuja asentaja avaaja esiintyj hiihtj hitsaaja hoitaja holhooja ilmoittaja johtaja jrjestj kahlaaja kalastaja katsoja kerjj kertoja kiristj korjaaja kuljettaja kuristaja kyttj kntj lahjoittaja lentj loukkaaja luoja matkustaja myyj ostaja palvoja parantaja pelaaja

In English driver shooter mechanic opener performer skier welder caretaker guardian advertiser leader organizer wader fisherman viewer begger narrator blackmailer repairman transportdriver strangler user / operator translator donor pilot voilator creator traveller seller buyer worshipper healer player

perustaa pett piirt povata puoltaa rakastaa saada selostaa siivota suomentaa sst opettaa tarkastaa teloittaa tiskata toimittaa tuoda uudistaa valmentaa vastata vied vrent nitt

to found to betray to draw to tell fortune to support to love to receive to commentate to clean to translate (to Finnish) to save to teach to inspect to execute to wash dishes to report to bring to reform to coach to answer to bear to forge to record

perustaja pettj piirtj povaaja puoltaja rakastaja saaja selostaja siivooja suomentaja sstj opettaja tarkastaja teloittaja tiskaaja toimittaja tuoja uudistaja valmentaja vastaaja viej vrentj nittj

founder betrayer drawer fortune-teller supporter lover receiver commentator cleaner translater (to Finnish) saver teacher inspector executioner dish-washer reporter / journalist bringer (of a message) reformer / innovator coach / trainer respondent / defender bearer (of a message) forger recorder

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -ija Plural -ija Singular -ja Plural -ja opiskelija opiskelijat opettaja opettajat opiskelijaa opiskelijoita opettaja opettajia opiskelijan opiskelijoiden opettajan opettajien opiskelijassa opiskelijoissa opettajassa opettajissa opiskelijasta opiskelijoista opettajasta opettajista opiskelijaan opiskelijoihin opettajaan opettajiin opiskelijalla opiskelijoilla opettajalla opettajilla opiskelijalta opiskelijoilta opettajalta opettajilta opiskelijalle opiskelijoille opettajalle opettajille opiskelijana opiskelijoina opettajana opettajina opiskelijaksi opiskelijoiksi opettajaksi opettajiksi opiskelijatta opiskelijoitta opettajatta opettajitta Related vocabulary Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -uus/-yys : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -ton/tn : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -sto/-st

Words ending in -kko/-kk


Finnish has a fairly big group of words that end in -kko or -kk. They can come from verbs, adjectives or nouns.

The base word aalto aste em fyysinen graafinen hein hupsu hylly hirit kari karja kapea keramiikka klassinen koominen kostea kyyninen maallinen malja matala matemaattinen musiikki naula neuroottinen nurmi otsa pensas ryt poleeminen poliittinen puisto pllinen rapa ruoho satiirinen skeptinen tekninen teoreettinen tihe vli

In English wave degree dam physical graphic hay foolish shelf to disturb rock cattle narrow pottery classical comical damp / moist cynical earthly bowl low mathematical music nail neurotic grass forehead bush "a fallen tree" polemic political park covering mud grass satirical skeptical technical to theoretical thick / dense gap

The -kko word aallokko asteikko emakko fyysikko graafikko heinikko hupakko hyllykk hirikk karikko karjakko kapeikko keraamikko klassikko koomikko kosteikko kyynikko maallikko maljakko matalikko matemaatikko muusikko naulakko neurootikko nurmikko otsikko pensaikko rytikk poleemikko poliitikko puistikko pllikk rapakko ruohikko satiirikko skeptikko teknikko teoreetikko tiheikk vlikk

In English swell / surf scale sow physicist graphic designer meadow scatterbrained (girl) shelving lout / troublemaker range of rocks milkmaid / dairymaid narrow pass ceramics a classic comedian oasis cynic layman vase shoal / shallow mathematician musician coat rack neurotic (person) lawn headline / title thicket of bushes thicket, copse polemic (person) politician small park chief / commander mud hole lawn satirist sceptic (person) technician theorist thicket corridor / passage

It's possible to put the -kko suffix to nearly all tree kinds, and thus specify what kind of trees a wood is made out of. The base word haapa kuusi paju In English aspen spruce, fir willow The -kko word haavikko kuusikko pajukko In English aspen wood spruce wood willow wood

lepp koivu mnty mets

alder birch tree pine tree forest

lepikk koivikko mnnikk metsikk

alder wood birch wood pine wood wood

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -kko Plural -kko Singular -kk Plural -kk naulakko naulakot pllikk pllikt naulakkoa naulakkoja pllikk pllikkj naulakon naulakkojen pllikn pllikkjen naulakossa naulakoissa pllikss pllikiss naulakosta naulakoista pllikst pllikist naulakkoon naulakkoihin pllikkn pllikkihin naulakolla naulakoilla pllikll pllikill naulakolta naulakoilta plliklt pllikilt naulakolle naulakoille plliklle pllikille naulakkona naulakkoina pllikkn pllikkin naulakoksi naulakoiksi pllikksi pllikiksi naulakotta naulakoitta plliktt pllikitt Related vocabulary Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -uus/-yys : Words ending in -tar/-tr : Words ending in -ton/tn : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -ja/-j : Words ending in -sto/-st

Words ending in -tar/-tr


Words ending in -tar/-tr can often be found in old Finnish texts. It doesn't really get used that much anymore, so you only have a few left. It is nevertheless possible to use a -tar form for nouns, thus making them femal (ystv -> ystvtr). The -tar ending originally comes from Swedish. The base word henki jumala kaunis kreivi kuningas laulaja myyj nyttelij onni paroni Pariisi perij rakastaja ruhtinas runo In English spirit god beautiful count / earl king singer salesperson actor luck baron Paris inheritor, heir lover prince poem The -tar word hengetr jumalatar kaunotar kreivitr kuningatar laulajatar myyjtr nyttelijtr onnetar paronitar pariisitar perijtr rakastajatar ruhtinatar runotar In English genie (in a bottle) goddess belle / beauty countess queen female singer saleswoman actress Lady Luck baroness Parisienne heiress mistress princess muse

sankari Tanska tanssija tsaari valtias ystv

hero Denmark dancer Tsar ruler friend

sankaritar tanskatar tanssijatar tsaaritar valtiatar ystvtr

heroin Danish woman female dancer Tsarina mistress female friend

These words inflict in all the cases: Noun case Nominative Partitive Genitive Inessive Elative Illative Adessive Ablative Allative Essive Translative Abessive Singular -tar Plural -tar Singular -tr Plural -tr runotar runottaret myyjtr myyjttret runotarta runottaria myyjtrt myyjttri runottaren runottarien myyjttren myyjttrien runottaressa runottarissa myyjttress myyjttriss runottaresta runottarista myyjttrest myyjttrist runottareen runottariin myyjttreen myyjttriin runottarella runottarilla myyjttrell myyjttrill runottarelta runottarilta myyjttrelt myyjttrilt runottarelle runottarille myyjttrelle myyjttrille runottarena runottarina myyjttren myyjttrin runottareksi runottariksi myyjttreksi myyjttriksi runottaretta runottaritta myyjttrett myyjttritt Related vocabulary Words ending in -nta/-nt : Words ending in -uus/-yys : Words ending in -kko/-kk : Words ending in -ton/tn : Words ending in -nto/-nt : Words ending in -ja/-j : Words ending in -sto/-st

Words ending in -na that describe some sound


Words ending in -na are very often sounds of some kind. To describe these, I have consciously decided to write descriptions rather than just a translation. English isn't my mothertongue, so I'm not sure I would get them all correct. Descriptions are a lot clearer. Sound humina hurina kahina kalina kirkuna Explanations and examples wind blowing through the leaves the sound a fan makes inside a computer electric, steady, lowish sound car, airplane walking through wet grass legs of your pants while you're walking metallic sound pots and pans while someone is cooking noisily high sound, made by a bird (sea gull)

kohina kolina

kopina

korina mutina murina narina pauhina rapina solina sorina suhina rahina surina ulina helin hlin jyrin

khin prin rmin sihin

static on the tv or radio a waterfall or big river metallic sound a kid hitting a pan with a wooden spoon a metallic pot falling down the stairs fast, rapid clicks korkokenkien kopina: the clipping of high heels a mouse with shoes kuolen korina: the rattle of one's last breath mumbling a kid mumbling to himself when walking away after an argument low tone, hard and threatening a growling bear the creaking of a floor or an old ship the rumbling of a storm at sea a mouse moving around inside the wall something moving around in a dry bush high, wet sound water in a small river going over some rocks the murmur of a group of people talking quietly buzzing in the ears sandpaper on wood high electrical sound: cd-drive on high gear buzzing of bee(s) a hurt dog yelping painfully for a longer period of time very high pitched sound shaking a broken lightbulb commotion really powerful, hellish base sound ukkosen jyrin: rolling of the thunder bulldozer turning something over dry cough boy playing he's a car sound of a driving moped metallic high-speed clicking old crappy tractor in which everything is loose snake's hissing pressure valves opening of a soda bottle Related vocabulary Words ending in -sto : Words ending in -kko : Words ending in -nta : Words ending in -nto

Conjunctions
Finnish ja sek - ett X:n lisksi English and both - and as well as

mutta vaan tai / vai joko - tai ei - eik muuten niinp joten siski sen thden sill kun nyt kun heti kuin / niin pian kuin sill aikaa kun / kun taas sen jlkeen kun kunnes siit lhtien kun ennen kuin heti kun jos ellei / jollei jos -, niin vaikka koska jotta / niin ett sit paitsi lisksi kuitenkin siit huolimatta silti siksi niinp / siis

but but rather or either - or neither - nor otherwise / or else / by the way so so that because of that for this reason for, since when now that as soon as while after until since (time) before once if unless if -, then although because so that moreover also anyway / still nevertheless even so therefor thus Other vocabulary The difference between tai and vai

Punctuation

Symbol . , : ;

Finnish piste pilkku kaksoispiste puolipiste

English dot comma colon semicolon

? ! / \ ... (), [], {} , ', ", , @ # * & % | ~

kysymysmerkki huutomerkki viiva vinoviiva / kauttaviiva kenoviiva kolme pistett / ellipsi sulkeet lainausmerkit t-merkki / taksamerkki ristomerkki / risuaita asteen merkki asteriksi et-merkki prosenttimerkki pyklmerkki pystyviiva / putkimerkki tilde / aaltoviiva

questionmark exclamation point dash slash backslash ellipsis brackets quotation marks the at sign hash, the number sign degree symbol asteriks ampersand percent section sign vertical bar tilde Related vocabulary Computer

Clitics or liitepartikkelit

Finnish has a large number of clitics. These are like the cases (inessive, abessive,...) in the sence that they get added behind words. The difference is that a word doesn't inflict when you add these endings. Compare: nainenpa <> naiseni, huonehan <> huoneessa The clitics get added behind the other case endings: kielesskin, huoneestakohan, naisellepa,... Important: the meaning of a suffix will always depend on the situation, the content of the sentence, the tone of voice one uses, the look on ones face and other challenging indicators. Many of these endings do not have a translation in other languages.
1. -KIN 1.1. Means the same thing as "mys" Finnish Jussikin oli siell. Matti tuntee Liisankin. English Jussi was there as well. Matti knows Liisa as well.

Bill on kynyt Oulussakin.

Bill has visited Oulu as well.

Min soitin ja kirjoitinkin hnelle monta I called, and wrote, many times to him. kertaa.

1.2. Expresses that something happened according to the expectations Finnish English Min odotin hnt, ja viimein hn tulikin. Hn etsi tit, ja hn psikin tyhn. Me toivoimme sit, ja niin tapahtuikin. I waited for him and in the end he did come. He searched for work, and he did get a job. We wished it, and it happened like that.

1.3. Expresses that something happened as a surprise or didnt happen according to the expectations Finnish English Hn aikoi hankkia koiran, mutta hankkikin kissan. Min en uskonut hnen tulevan, mutta hn tulikin. He puhuivatkin sujuvasti suomea! He planned a get a dog, but he got a cat after all. I didn't expect him to come, but he did come. They did speak Finnish fluently!

1.4. Makes orders or exclamations stronger Finnish English Menekin nyt heti kotiin! Sano viel sanakin, niin min suutun! Eik hn olekin kaunis! 2. -KAAN Go home right away now! Say even one word, and I'll get angry! Isn't she beautiful!

-Kaan is used in the same situations as -kin, when the sentence is negative, or a question.
2.1. Means the same thing as myskn Finnish English Jussikaan ei ollut siell. Matti ei tunne Liisaakaan. Bill ei ole kynyt Oulussakaan. Jussi wasn't there either. Matti doesn't know Liisa either. Bill hasn't visited Oulu either.

2.2. Expresses that something happened according to the expectations Finnish English Min en usko, ett hn tulisi, eik hn tulekaan. Hn ei etsinyt tit eik hn niit saanutkaan. I don't believe she'll come and she didn't. He didn't search for work, and neither did he get it.

2.3. Expresses that something happened as a surprise or didnt happen according to the expectations Finnish English Min odotin hnt, mutta hn ei tullutkaan. Alille luvattiin sit, mutta hn ei saanutkaan sit. He eivt autakaan minua, vaikka sovimme niin. I waited for him, but he didn't come. Ali was promised it, but she didn't get it. They don't help me, eventhough we agreed so.

2.4. Makes orders or exclamations stronger Finnish English l ajattelekaan mitn sellaista! lk sanoko en sanaakaan! Min en tunne teit enk haluakaan! 3. -PA 3.1. To make whatever is being said stronger Finnish English Onpa siin ruma talo! Tssp on mukava istua! Sinp olet muuttunut! Wow, what an ugly building! Wow, it's nice to sit here! Wow, you've changed! Don't think anything like that! Don't say another word! I don't know you, nor do I want to!

3.2. The speaker is (strongly) of a different opinion Finnish English - Min voitin! - Etp voittanut! - I won! - No you didn't!

- Sin et rakasta minua en. - Rakastanpa!

- You don't love me anymore. - I do!

3.3. An impatient (sometimes angry) command from a superior to an inferior (mom to child, boss to employee) Finnish English Avaapa ovi! Olkaapa nyt hiljaa! lkp hiritk minua! Open the door already! Be quiet already! Don't bother me now!

3.4. When a question is rhetorical, but emotional Finnish English Kukapa minulle soittaisi? Mitp sanottavaa meill olisi? Miksip min en tekisi sit? 3.5. When expressing a wish Finnish Olisipa Jussi tll! Menisip kaikki hyvin! Eip sataisi! 4. -HAN 4.1. When implying that the other person should already know the information Finnish English Suomihan on tasavalta. Hnhn on suomalainen. Kaikkihan niin tekevt! Finland is a republic after all. He is a Finn after all. Everyone does so, after all! Who would call to ME? What would WE have to say? Why wouldn't I do so?

English If only Jussi was here! If only everything would go fine! If only it wouldn't rain!

4.2. The speaker is calmly of a different opinion Finnish English - Min en osaa edes tanssia! - Osaathan sin! - I can't even dance! - Yes you can!

- Min en tule sinun mukaasi. - Sinhn tulet, kun min sanon niin!

- I'm not coming with you. - Oh yes, you'll come!

4.3. The speaker is surprised about something Finnish English Tehn puhutte hyvin suomea! Sinhn valahtelit minulle! Tuossahan se etsitty avain on! You speak good Finnish! You lied to me! There that searched key is!

4.4. A polite or softer order or refusal: friendly, patient Finnish English Otahan vain lis kakkua! Tulkaahan sisn! lhn mene mihinkn! Go ahead and take some more cake! Please come in! Don't you go anywhere!

4.5. When a question is calm and rhetorical Finnish English Misshn Jussi on? Ovatkohan he vihaisia meille? Mithn min sanoisin hnelle? 4.6. Making questions more polite Finnish Voisittekohan sanoa, miss posti on? Avaisitkohan oven minulle? Soitatkohan takaisin? 4.7. When coming up with a new idea Finnish Mattihan voisi auttaa meit! Where is that Jussi? Are they angry at us? Hmmm, what would I say to him?

English Would you be able to say where the post office is? Could you please open the door for me? Could you call back please?

English Hey, Matti could help us!

Mehn voitaisiin ottaa ehk koiramme Hey, we could take the dog with us! mukaan! Tehn voisit vaikka tulla heti! 5. -KA 5.1. eik = ja ei Finnish Minulla ei ole vaimoa eik koiraa. He eivt osaa suomea eivtk ruotsia. English I don't have a wife nor a dog. The can speak Finnish nor Swedish. Hey, maybe you could come right away!

l pudota rahoja eik unohda asiaasi!

Don't drop the money nor forget your shoppings!

5.2. Makes a negation word stronger Finnish - Tule tnne! - Enk tule!

English - Come here! - No way!

- Min istun thn. - Etk istu! Se on Mikon paikka.

- I'll sit here. - No you won't! That's Mikko's place.

5.3. When added to question words, it makes the sentence more casual Finnish English Mihink te menette? Milloinka he lhtivt? Mitenk min voin auttaa? -S Added to make a sentence more casual, usually used among friends Finnish English Mits sinulle kuuluu? Tules tnne! ls nyt itke! How are you? Come here! Don't cry! Where is it that you are going? When is it that you're leaving? How is it that I can help you?

Language
Finnish Kielioppi adjektiivi adverbi attribuutti apuverbi kirjain vertaus, metafora yksikk oikeinkirjoitus tavu synonyymi English Grammar adjective adverb attribute auxiliary verb letter (A, B, C) metaphore singular spelling syllable synonym

lause lauseke klisee konsonantti nasaalinne nen-ni substantiivi monikko etuliite pronomini verbi sanasto vokaali sana Kielet vieraat kielet keinotekoinen kieli tietokonekieli mehilisten kieli morseaakkoset viittomakieli slangi murre

sentence clause clich consonant nasal nasal noun plural prefix pronoun verb vocabulary vowel word Languages foreign languages artificial language computer language the language of bees Morse sign language slang dialect Related vocabulary Languages : Punctuation

Expressions
Be careful Varo! Varokaa! Ole varovainen Vist! Katso eteesi! Pid varasi! Don't! l! l nyt! Lopeta! Irritation Anna olla! Npit irti! Ole hiljaa! Suu kiinni! P kiinni! Look out! Look out! (plural) Be careful! Duck! Dodge! Look in front of you! Stay careful!

Don't! Cut it out! Stop!

Never mind! Let it/me be! Hands off! Be quiet! Mouth shut! Shut up!

Turpa kiinni! Lopeta se! l viitsi! Indifference Mit se minua liikuttaa! Ents sitten! Se on sinun ongelmasi. Oma syysi. Oma vikasi. Siitp saat. Mit min sanoin! Sit odotinkin. Saat syytt vain itsesi! Surprise Todellako? Ihanko totta? Ei voi olla totta! Oletko varma? Disbelief l laske leikki! l vitsi! l puhu palturia. l hpt. l narraa! En voi uskoa. Uskomatonta. Se ei ole totta! Ei voi olla totta! Nyt s kyll huijaat! Et voi olla tosissasi. Niin on varmaan...

Shut your head! Stop it! Be serious!

What do I care! So what! That's your problem. It's your own fault. Own fault. There you go. What did I say! Just as I was expecting. You've got only yourself to blame!

Really? Really? No way! Are you sure?

Be serious! Don't joke! Don't talk nonsense. Don't babble. Don't fool around! I can't believe it. Unbelievable. That's not true! That can't be true! Now you must be joking! You can't be serious. Yeah, right!

Accepting invitations Mukavaa ett ajattelit minua. Mukavaa ett otit minut huomioon. Kyll, haluaisin. Tulen mielellni. Se kuulostaa todella mukavalta. Voi miten mukavaa. Ihana ajatus! Mennn vaan!

Nice that you thought of me. Nice that you took me into consideration. Yes, I would love to. I would love to come. Sounds great! Wow, how great! Good idea! Yes, let's go!

Ei pllmp! Ei hassumpaa! Ei hullumpaa! Agreement Olet aivan oikeassa. Joo, totta. Niin just. Pit paikkansa. Niinp tietenkin. Naulan kantaan! Mynnn, ett se on totta. Aivan, minun olisi pitnyt arvata. Disagreement (difficult for Finns) Joo, mutta... Voihan sit noinkin ajatella, mutta... Niin, mutta toisaalta... En ole samaa mielt asiasta. En ole samaa mielt sinun kanssasi. En tied, en oikein pid ideasta. Ensireaktioni oli vhn negatiivinen. Anteeksi, mutta se kuulostaa todella huonolta ajatukselta. Ehk ... olisi parempi idea. Minun mielestni... Ei pid paikkansa. Meidn tytyy mys ottaa huomioon...

Not too shabby!

You're completely right. Yeah, true. Indeed. That's true. Indeed, like that. Indeed! I admit that that's true. True, I should have guessed.

Yeah, but... You could see it like that as well, but... Indeed, but on the other hand... I don't agree about this. I don't agree with you. I don't know, I don't really like the idea. My initial reaction was kind of negative. Sorry, but that sounds like a really bad idea. Maybe ... would be a better idea. I think... That's not true. We also have to take into consideration... Frankly speaking I don't think this will Rehellisesti puhuen, en usko ett se onnistuu. work. Tuo ei ole tysin totta. That's not 100 percent correct. Et ne kokonaisuutta... You don't see the whole picture... Tuossa s kyll menit metsn! There wou went completely wrong! Olet kyll vrss tss asiassa. You're wrong about this at least. Kyll, mutta toisaalta... Yes, but on the other hand... Et kai tosissasi usko, ett... You can't possibly believe that... Et voi olla tosissasi! You can't be serious! Se on anteeksiantamatonta. That's unforgivable. That's pathetic, you can't really mean Tuo on naurettavaa, et voi tosissasi tarkoittaa sit! that! En voi hyvksy tt. I can't approve of that. Expressing doubt (difficult for Finns) Oikea kysymys on... Ongelma on... Meidn tytyy olla realistisia. En usko ett... En ole varma ett... Miksi? Onko meill siihen oikeasti aikaa/resursseja?

The real question is... The problem is... We have to be realistic. I don't believe that... I'm not sure that... Why? Do we really have the time/resources for that?

Minusta tuntuu... Mitenhn se on? Cutting in Mutta et ymmrr ett... Hei! Joo, mutta! Jos sopii, niin haluaisin... Itse asiassa... Mutta oletko ajatellut ett... Tuosta tulikin mieleen... Niin ja kaiken lisksi... Hyv ett mainitsit tuon... Anteeksi... Voinko list viel... Voisinko viel sanoa... Voisinko kysy... Odota hetki! Accepting a compliment (difficult for Finns) Kiitos! Oletko oikeasti sit mielt? Olipa mukava ett sanoit noin. Pelastit pivni! Kiitos, pidn siit mys. Oi miten mukavaa. Speculation Onkohan... Luulen ett... Epilen ett... Arvelen... Olen melko varma ett... En ole varmaa, mutta... En tied, mutta... Minusta tuntuu... Mitenhn se on?

It feels to me that... How was it again?

But you don't understand that... Hey! Yeah but! If it's okay, I would like to... As a matter of fact... But have you considered that... This reminded me that... Yeah and above all that... Good that you mentioned that... Sorry... Can I still add... Could I still say... Could I ask... Hold on!

Thanks! Do you really think so? How nice that you said that. You saved my day! Thanks, I like it too. Oh how nice.

Would it be... I think that... I suspect that... I'm guessing... I'm fairly sure that... I'm not sure, but... I don't know, but... It feels to me that... How was it again? Related vocabulary Expressions during a speech : Finnish sayings : l : Strong adjectives

Expressions during a speech


Introducing your first point Aloittaakseni, haluaisin ensin puhua... Ihan ensiksi... Ensimmiseksi... Aluksi... Ensimmisen asiana... To begin with, I'd like to say... As a starting point... Firstly... To begin with... As a first point...

Clarifying Tarkoitan... Toisin sanoen... Siis... Eli... Tarkoitatko sin ett... Tarkoitatko oikeasti ett...? Referring to what you said earlier Kuten sanoin alussa... Kuten jo sanoin... Kuten mainitsin edell... Kerroin sinulle hetki sitten, ett... Kuten sanottu... Niin kuin oli jo puhetta... Niin kuin sanoin (jo) aiemmin... Niin kuin Pekka (jo) sanoi (aiemmin)... Adding Lisksi... Toinen asia on... Mys... Ja sitten viel... Viel yksi asia... Viel halusin ottaa esille... Viimeisen, mutta ei vhisempn... Returning to the topic Joka tapauksessa... Miss olinkaan? Palatakseni aiheeseen... Kuten olin sanomassa... Mit olin sanomassa?

I mean... In other words... So... To rephrase... Do you mean, that... Do you really mean, that...

As I said in the beginning... As I already said... As I mentioned earlier... I told you a moment ago, that... As has been said... As has been said... As I said earlier (already)... As Pekka said (earlier already)...

Moreover... Another thing is... Also... And still... Still one thing... I still would like to explain... Last but not least...

Anyway... Where was I? To return to the topic... As I was saying... What was I saying?

Summarizing Yhteenvetona, olemme nyt kyneet lpi... As an overview, we have now gone through... Lyhyesti asian voi siis sanoa... In short, this can be explained as... Lopuksi... Finally... Jos tm nyt vedetn yhteen... If we draw a conclusion from this... Kaiken kaikkiaan siis... So, all in all,... Viel halusin ottaa esille... I still would like to explain... Viimeisen, mutta ei vhisempn... Last but not least... Related vocabulary Expressions : Law and crime : Politics : l

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