THE BURMA CODE

VOLUME

Published QIlder the Authority of the Gonmmeat ol tIM

UDioD of Burma
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

""eli eo ~~Ijj')' oiii "" ~ "" ~ e"

I'ART lV._DEFENCE.

!D~I ljl-m? nz <S5>'u

A. TH E FORe.lI.

/'QJlt.
o"'tmJ?I
1. The Burma Army Act 1
2. The BunnJ Army Suspension of Senttnces Act 40
3. The Burma Reserve Forces Ad 42
4. The Burm3 Territorial Force Act 43
5. The Burma Auxiliary Force Act 47
6. T-he Volunteet" Forces (Prote..:tion in Civi..J:mrlo\,ment) Act 56
7. The Soldieu Litigation Ad 58
8. The--Burma-Haval Volunteer Reserve (Disciplin~) Act 6.
9. The Naval Armament A,t .,. 87
10. The--Bttrn13 Volunleer Air fo'orce (Discipline) Aot 90
11. The \Vorks of Defence Act 104
)2. The Women's Auxilbrr Service (Burma) Act 117-
13. The Bl1nna :\fiIitary Nnning Service Act
Ii. The Burma Air Force (Discipline) Act..
15. The Burm'" Naval Disciplim: Act
"'
120
152
'6. ",05t<cP,E",SoolE~ (oiJoE:O"'1') "'dieoo, OOJ

B. PROTECTION OF THE CuNSTITUTIOlil.

1. The Burma Official Secrets Act .82

2. The Arms Act . 18.
3. "''"t'"C'''O'1ouTilbIi84'V) (onJl)""'"oo. oe~
4. The Arms (Temporary Amendment) Act
S. The Explosive Substances Act
'.8
.99
6:---TJ\e.Seditioul Meetinll:8 Act 200
'1. The Unlawful A5socialions Act 201
 8. P~TCTI01O OF THE Co:csrlTlI nON-eOllt:/d.

8.
"I.
10.
The i'kk~lin~ Act
The J:::xl:'llhioll (\f Oli'<:nders A<.:t
The Pres.; IRe.:i$lr:llioll l Act
.
Fdl,e.

'"
205
206
209
11. Th~ Pn'~~ IEmeq:~o:n..:r Pow.:rs; ..k t 216
I~. Til": I'ub!i.: Orc!o:r l'pre5er\,.llion 1 A..:t 226
13. The H"'-lni;.iti~,nill~ I Emer~ellq' Pr,,)\'i;ions) .-\":1 231
H. Tht' Pllbli..: L'liliti~;. Prot.:.:tiCll A.:t 2,H
IS. Tho: fbnkers' Bo~k" IIns;'el.':tionl ,.\';1 ... ]3)
16. Th.: c:Bell1i:\1 Sl1p~llie; :\nd ~f\'ice; Ad 236
17. Th~' Publi.: ProP1='rty Prot..:.:tiC'n A<.:t 2~)

I~. The 5::\r.:h (Special f'owerl Act 244

19. "",..ouT ~,,~03<f,,= J~~
"'. "'''1,~.S,'''",:~ "IS'l18.~''''~K ""'1,~.S",E,;"':.~:\j?t
03<f-il"""
21. ~Ec.ooJ>"dl.,~?: (o:wE!l"'~ ",~",:J;;~:) "'eli2"''"
 PART IV.-DEFENCE.

94l98: 9-ro')~~C:'l1lt
A.-THE FORCES.

THE BURMA ARMY ACT.

CONTENTS.

ell \l'TEI~ I.
lIN FI.l~11 K\I;Y.

Sah'ow,.
I. II Uurma cOlllmi~si(lIled officel'!'...
Afopli .. dliol1 of .-lel.
1. l'er~oll~ ';'llhil"ct \0 Ad.
3. Spl'l'ial ~I'O\'i~ion as to r:'ln1.: in cert:lip c.l$,e...
-l. COIllI1l:Hnlill~ offIL"C\' of pnSOI1:': sllhjo.:l.:f to mililarr I:lW ullder sectioll 1,
dame (d.
:;. Powers to :Wply Act to eel'!:!.in forc(''' uoder the Government of the
tOuion oi Bmll1;l.
6. Offict'l"s to !;""{"rLise po\n'r'l i:ll,.'ertlin l':lseS.
6A.(,R. . ,- ... f-

D4if,ifiolls.
7. Ddinitioll",

CHAPTER II.

E;':I:OI,:\lES1" Al\'"D ATTESTA1'!O;':.

Em'olmelll.
8. Praccdlll'c heiore enroJlill~ cffi,'er.
9. Enrolment.
10. Yandit'" of elll"olmcnt.

AtleS!dlt-'II,

J I. Persons In he :ltle!l!cd.
12. :\Iocle 01" :tttest1tiI111.
2 Burma Army.

Sectiolls.
CHAPTER III.
DISMISSAL AND DISCHARGE,

13.
,14.
'5.
16.
.
Dismiss-...I h~' Presirlent.

Di!\ch:uW~
. .. ..
Dismis~1 h)' the ('eneral Ofticer Commanding, Burma Army, etc.

17. Certificate to person dismissed or discharged.

18. Dischare.e. etc. Ollt or the Union of Burma.

CHAPTER IV.
SU.NlIAR\" REDUCTIo:>: A:-:P PUNISH)'I~l\TS OTHER\\'ISE THAl'i BY ORDEIt 010'
COUR1'-J.IAllTIAL.

19. Reduction of non-commissioned officers.

20. Minor punishmt'llls.
21 Collective nnes.
22. Punishment of certain followers.

J'rouosl AIiJrsllfl!s.
23. Appointment.
24. Duties and powers.

CHAPTER V.

OIo'FENCF.S.

OfJ~tlct$ in r~s~cl of Mililnrv Serf/ice

25. Offences puni!lhable with de \t t..
26. Offences not punisha1Jle with death.

},f",iffya"d If/5l1bordi/lnIiQf.
27. Offences puni5hable with death.
28. Offences not punishablc?v:ilh delth.

DcurliOfl, Frn"d"'etll Eflrolrtu,,' tI,.d Abu,.u W;tlJOfl' L,tlfle.

29. Desertion.
30. Harbouring deserter, absence without lea\'e, cotc.

D;sgrllce!"l Conduct.
31. Diseraceful conduct.

l,.loxicalioll..
32. Intozica\iOQ.
 Burma Armv. 3
Secl/olls.
Offences in I'datio" to Persolls ill CUJlody.
33. Offences punishable with death.
34. Offences not punishable with death.
O/fell"'s in rtlalion to Prollrty.
35, Offences ill relation to property.

Offences jn ,dalion 10 False Documenls and Stalemenls.

36. False accusations and offences in relation to documents.
37. False answers 011 eOl~lment.

OfJences in rel/llion to Cour/!-lJlarli:1l.

38 Offences in relation to COl1l't~-martial.

Miscellaluol/J Afi/ilary 06encIs,

39. Miscdlaneous mililary offences,
39A. Attempts.
Abdment.
40. Abetment.
Ch,n Offences.
41. Civil offence~ committed outside the Union of Burma or on active service
in the Union of Burma,
... 'II fr 'II
4Z.

CHAPTER VI.
PUlIllSHNENTS.
43. Punishments,
44. Lower punishments.
45. lo'idd punishments.
46. Position of field punishment in scale.
47. Combination of puniShments,
47A. Ca8hierin~ of commissioned officer on conviction.
48. Solitary confinerr.ent.
49. Reduction of wan'ant or lIoncommissioned officers to ranks.
49A. l~etention in the ranks of a person convicted on acti\'e service.

CHAPTER VI!.
PENAL DEDUCTlo\ll.-s.
50. Deductions from pay and allowances.
51. Deductions from public moner other than pa)'.
52. Remission of deductions.
S2A. Provision for dependants of prisoners of war.
528. General power to make pro\'ision for dependants of prisone" of war or
missjn~ persons.
4

CHAIYfEH VIII.

SecUOtl.~. Conslil,IIi",' alld Dissolll/ion of COllrfs-lJ/arfiaf.

53. Courlsmartial and the kinds thereof.
54. Power to convene ~ene...1 Courlsm:uti:tl.
55. PO\\,CY 10 convene district Courts-martial.
56. Contents of w.trr:ml issued nuder section 54 or section 55.
57. CompOSitioli of grncr,,) Conrts-martial.
SB. Composition of district Courls-l'I1:l.rliaJ.
59-61. oc
62. Convening of summary J!eneral Courlsmarti:lI.
63. Composition of liOUmmilr)" Rf'Ill'ral Conrlsm:lrtial.
M. Summarr Courts-martial.
65. Dissolution of Courts.

Jurulli"il." (If Cotl,'Nllor/ittl.

66. Prohibitinn of secOnO trial.
67. Limitation of trial.
b8. Place of trhl.

AdjusllllcIIl of lIu jll'"isdiclitm o/Cowrls-"t/lrlia! a_d cri",jflol Courts.

6 f J. Order in case of concurrent jurisdiction.

70. Power of criminal COllrt 10 reqoire delh'ery (If offencler.
71. Trillt b~' Court-marti:llnn bar to suhsequent trial br LTimin,,1 Court.

P~wers of COl/rtsmartial.
72. Powers of general and summary general Courts-martial.
7.1. Powers of dislrict Court-martbl.
74. Offences triable by l'IlImmarr Court-martial.
75. Persons triable by summary Court-martial.
76. Sentences awarrlable b)' summar)' Courlm:utial.

ProudJlre 41 Trials by Cou,t-marlial.

n. President.
78. Judee Advoc,lte.
C $ ~
79. (>
80. Ch.\Ilenee!l.
81. Voting of members.
82. Oaths of president and members.
83. Oaths o( \\itnesses.
8'.Summoning witnesses and production o( documents.
85. Commisaions.
86. Con\'iction oi one offence permissible on charge o( another.
87. M:ljoril~' requisite to sentence of death.
 5
511,11'0'15.
88. General rule as 10 evidence.
8'1. Judicial notice.
90. Presun'plion as to signatures.
91. Enrolment papt>r.
91 A. Presumption as to cel'taill (:ocument:..
92. Rderencc by aC~\1sed to Government officer
93. Evidence of pl'cviollS cOl:vktions and :.;cncr<ll chara{ tl:r.

Confirmation ami ReciJjQtI oj Fi"djn~s and Smle"ct,.

94. Findinj.! and sentenn~ invalid witllOllt c('nfirmalion.
95. Power to con6rm Ilildillg imd senleJlce of general ComI.martial.
96. Power to conlinn l;nclinloi alld sentence of c1istrict Court-martial.
97. Contents of warrant issued under section 95 or section 96.
98. Confirmation of 6l1(linJ!: and sentence.
99. Power of cOTlfirmillj.! ofticCl' 10 mitiJtatt't remil or commute sentences.
99A. COIlI;rm<ltion of findin~ and sentence on board ship.
10:>. Re\'i~ion of findinJ.! or sentence.
101. Finding and sentence of a slImm<lry Court-marH:!.\.
102, Tr<ll1smis~ion of pl'Ocee(iilJJ!'s of SlImmfll")' Courls-martial.
103, Substitution of a vaHri fincling or sentence for :111 invalid fincline: or
sentence.
103A. Pro\.jsio:l in the case of accused hein/o! lunatic.

CHAPTER lX.

EXECO"IO~ OF SENTf."'CES.

10~. Form of sentence of death.

105. " II< *
J06. Commencement of sentence of transporlati"n or imprisol1mtnt.
107. EXt:cntion of sentence of Irall,;~orlation or imprisonment.
108. EXt:Clltion of sentence of impril!lOllment in special casu.
I08A. Offendcrs sentenced to transportation how dealt with until transported.
109. Communication of certain orders to civil prison aRleen;.
110 Limit of solitary confinement.
111 '" " " II<
] IIA. ~xecotion of sentence of fine.
111B, Estahlishment and rej.!ulation of military prisons.

CHAF'TEH: X.
PARDOXS ANO H~.U5SIO"'S.

112. Pardom and remissions.

CHAPTER XI.
RULES.

113. Power to make rules.

6 Burma A.,my.
CHAPTER Xli.
SecliOfU. PROPJ::RTY or D!:CEASED PERSON'S, DluRTERS AND LU~ATJCS.
J 14. Properly of deceased persons and deserters.
Meaninl-: of d~sertion.
115. Disponl of certain rroperty without IJroc1udion of probate. etc.
116. Application of sedions 114 and J 15 to lunatics.

CHAPTER XIII.
MI~CELLA:-J:OUS.

Mi/ilary P';i:iJCt,CI.
117. Complaillh a..:"inst officers.
lJ1 A. Complaints by commissioned oHicers.
U8. Pri;,ile~es of perl,ons altcndinJ: Courts-martial.
119. t:xemption from arrest for debt.
120. Propert)' exempted from altachmcnt.
JZI. Application of the !lsi two (ore~oing sections to reservists.
122. Prioritrof hea,il11!: by Courts of C.:lSCS in which officers and soldien are
concerned.

Deurlers llffd Alilitar)' OlJelukrs.

123. C.. plure of deserters.
12~. Arrest by military ;lUthoritics,
125. Arrest by civil authorities,
126. Inquiry on absence of person subject to Act.

Dis~sal of ''role,.l)'.
126A. Order for custody and clh;pcsal of propel'l)" pending trial in certain cases.
1268. Order (or dispos"l of ~ropert)' reKardin/-l which offence committed.
 TIIB ItlRMA ARMY ACl.'

CHAPT~R I.

PRIlLIWINARY.

' . In this Act the exprtssion ., Burma commission('d officers It meOlns Burma
Burma commissioned officers, Go\"unor's (;( mmi.sionrd (llicert and warrant COIP.i..
officers of the Burma Forces who were commissioned under this Act a. in
force prior to the caminl( inlo open.tion o~ the Constitution.
...--.,
,Ion~

A.lj/iuJtiofl o/A.d.
2. (I) The foUowim: persons sh:tll be subject to this Ad, namdy- Penoll'
alIbjed to
(G) Burma commissioned officen. commissioned ofScen and warrant A,l
ofticen of the Bunna Forces j
(bJ penons enrolled under tbi. Act ; and
(,,) persons not othemiae subject to mililary 1.1.\\' who, on aelive service, in
camp, on the march, or at :lny frontier post spetified by the
President o( the Union by notification in this behaU. arc emplo}'cd by,
orarein the service al, or ate followers ol, or iu.:company any portion
of 'he Burma Forces.
(2) E,"cry ptrson Stlhj~ct 10 Ihis Act under subsection W, clause (.d or (PI
shall rem.'1in so subject until duly retired, discharKcd, gshiered, removed or
dismissed from the service.

3. (1) The President of the Union may, by notification, direct that any Special
pc:r:>ons or clan of persons subject to this Act under lection Z, lub-section (1), prnvl,lon
clause (c), s!lall be so subject as Burma commissicned ollicers, commissioned a.I In rank in
officers, warrant officers or non-eommis~iolledoffice", and may atlthoriu Iny elrlain ene.
officer to $the a like dinclioll with respect to any IUch person and 10 cancel
such direction.
(2) All persolls subject to this Act other than officeu, warrant officers and
noncommissioned officers shall, if they arc not penonl in respect of whcm a
notification or diredion under ~ub-scction (J) is in force, be deemed 10 be of a
rank inferior to that of a non-commissioned officer.

:t. Every person subject to this Act under section 2, sub.section W, clause Commandin,
{el, Ihall, for the purposes cif this Act, be deemed to be under the commandinlt oftictr of
officer of the corps, department or detachment {if an.,.} to which he is attached, rc nOfti
and if he is not attached to any corps, clepartment or detachment, under lhe IOhied to
Inilitlr}'
command of any oRker who mas for the till"e bein, be namedalltiscommaDdi", la.under
officer by the officer comrnandinll the force with which stich person may for lh, IIdiocl 2.
time heinl{ ht servin!:. or of any other prescribed officer. or, if no loch ollicer. is clIO'" tel.
named or prescribed, under the command of the said ~cer command ina; tbe
lorce;
Proyided that an officer commandinll a force .hall not place a person under
the command of an officer of officioll rank inferior to that of luch penon if there il
present at the place where such perSOfl is an}' offiur of hi~her rank under whOM:
comm:Uld he can be placed.

I The Burma La." (AdapUlioal Ad. 1940, dtd DOt lh't: a !bt, ... ,nom 10 tNt Ad ber.:a.-
it I, ll'l be deemed to be a new Act for Burma with drtcllrom the datI elf kparalion.
t Insetted by tbc l,;nion uf BunDa IA<1Ipblion cI Lawa) Or"r, 1941.
 8

Powesto 5, U) The President of the Uniou may, by nolineation, apph' all or Ill)' of the
apply Act 10 provisions of this Actio any force raised and m:tilltained under the auUIOtit)- of
oom;. Ihe l'mident 01 the Union_
fortnllndn 'fIAI On such notifiCJtion beinfot made, any provisions of this Act soapplied
tbe (',()\~m
mentol Ihe ,h;llllnve eRect in respect of persons ~Iongjn~ to allY such force as they have
Uniooof cITed ill respect of persons l>ubject to this Act, hol<lillit in the Burma Forces lhe
Dllma, l>3me rallk as the :tfore~icl persOlls hold for Ihe !inle heing in the force to which
this Act is 10 applied, and shall have effect in respect of persOns who arc employed
by. or arc in the service of, or are {oIlO"'-ers (If. or accompany any portion of any
such force as they have effect in fcapect of persons subject to this Act under
cL'luse Ie) of s'Ob-~lion (I) of section 2.
'(Z) While any of the provisionli of this Acl apply to any such force. the
President of the Union mlY, b)' notification, direct by what authority any
jurisdiction, poWer'll or duties inciclt:ut 10 tilt: oper.ttionof these provisions shall
be exercised or performed in respect of that force and m;ty suspend the operation
of an)' other en"dment for the time being applic.'1ble to that force.
OfficeTl to (/) Whenever p~nonli liubject to Ulili Ad are lierving-
16
uerdse (a) out of the Union of Burma uod~r "n officer not subied to tile anthority
rOlll!~rsin
ceNin of the l~n:aidenl of the Union. or
ma. (b) in the Union of Burmil ander an onicer commanding any military
OIll:~niz''1lion not ill this lection specifically named, and beinlt, in the
opinicll (,f the ~e~dent of the Union. not lelis than:l brip;'lde,
tlle Prssident or the Uniotl milY pre!r;ribc the officer hy whom the powers which,
uuder this Act. rna)' be exercised hy the General Officer Collllllalldin~!t Burma
Army, and b)' officers eo:nmallclin~ arndes, arm~' corps, divisions and brir:,'ldes
shall, as I-elpeds such pt:rsOils, be exercised.
ItI The President of tilt: Union m:'ly confer SUdl powers either absolutely,
or subj~t to .uch restrictions, rcservaliollli, eX1;cVlions .and coaclitions as he may
think fit.
"A-tO.
Deft_,UO""
D~linilion~_
7_ In this Act, unltsli tbere ili solnethinif repu~naut in the subject or
contcxt,-
(I) Britilih onicer" means" person hold in!: His Britannic M'Ijesty's
II
commission in His BLit:\lltlic Majestr's Lalld Forces or in Ihe Royal
llannes or in the Territorial Arnl)' [or in the Burma Auxiliary
Force or in the Auxiliary }o"orce, IndiaJ I andincludes, in relation to
a person subject to this Act when serving under such conditions all
nuy be prescribed, a person holding a oomnuSliion in Hili Britannic
Majest)"s Nanl Forces or Roral Air }o"orce i
til I' Indian commissioned ofti.cer' munS:1 person commissioned,
~<uctted or in par as ;tn officer holdinR: His Britannic Majest)s
commiuion ill thc Indiall Land Foeces, and indudl's. in relation toa
person subject to lhis Act when servin;: under )ueh l:onditions dS
may be prucribCtl. a persOll holdin~ a commission in the Indian Air
Foree:
I InJeTttd b~ Act xnt. 1l)4),
I AtIW~iW
$Iioll 6A 1111(\ ~ 6t1 lwhkh ,..as fll~rled b~ Act IX. IWI ..ne deleted b)- tilt
r.ioJn ~ Mllnna 1.-\cbiUIH>ll uI .I.anl Order_ 19011.
, Il1krtcd by Act IX, 19oI~, ,,hi~h I"rrw'dn Ihat thh 1I11ltltdmenl stull cenc til or.erale on
Ille ~rir)'01 a period uf Ii, m"'lllll alltr ltrmillation of IKhtililiu ill brini ,llht COIrIllUuurntIIl
oIlb.. Act.
 Surma Army. 9
1(2.04) .. .. ..
'18) It commissioned officer" meanS a persOll commissioned, gazellcd, ai'
in pay as an officer holding a commbsion in the Burma Fort.:cs, and
includes a Burma' commissioned officer;
(3) 1\ warrant ollker" Inellns a perSOll appointed, f,(azctted or in pal' as a
Bmma \\:arrant oAker in the Burma Forces;
(4) ,. non, commissioned officer" means a person attcsted undcr this Ad
holdinA non-commissioned rallk in the BUI'ma FOl'ces, and includes
an acting non-commissinned officer;
'(5) ,I officer ., means an officer of any of lhe Burma Military Forces lind
includes an oRicer of any force to which this Act is applied under
sub-section (1' of section 5 and ;dso includes, in relation to a person
subject to this Act when servinJt under such conditiolls a!i may br.
prescrihed, an officer of the Bmma Naval or Air Forceli, bllt does
1I0t includc a warrant officer. petty officer, or non-commissioned
oilicer ; ,
'(61 ,I commanc1ill~ offleel' ", when used ill allY provillion of this Act
with reference to any separate podioll of the Burma Forces or to any
force to which this Ad is applied under sub-section (J) oL section 5
or to ;lny department, means :l. British officer or Bnrma or 'Indian
commissioned offic~r whose duty it is unc1e:I' the re~ul"tions of the
Al"my or, in the absence of <IllY such regulation, by the cnstom of the
service to disch;ul:"e willi respect to that portion of the forces or to
that force to which thi~ Act ha!i heen applied un:ler ~llb"'sccriol1 (1) of
secHol1 5 or to that dep:arlnlctll the functioll!> of commanding officer
in re~artl to lII:llters of the description referred to in that provision;
'\7) "superior officer", when used in rel:llion to a pel"Son subject to this
Act, includes a w;j)'ranf officer and :l non-commissioned officer
(induciUI-: a wal'rant offil.:cr :lucI a non.conll1Jisllioncd officer of any
foreeto which this Act is :lppJicd under suh-section (1) of section S)
and, as regards pel'sons pl,lced uucler his orderli, all officer, warrant
officer, petty officer or non-commissioned officer of any of the Burma
Nav:\I, Military or Ail' FOI"CeS j
(8) ,. army It, lC ;um)' corps ", "division" and" briJ.!ade" mean respectively
an army, army corps, division or brigade which is undel' the
cummand uf an officer sllbjed to the <luthority of lhe Presidcnt o[
the Union, or whel1 on active sen'ice, an army, arlllr corps, di\"isioll
or hriJ.!:lde under the comllllnd of an officer IloJdin~ :t commissi(ln in
the Burma Forces;
(9) .. corps" me:\llS any separate body of per"OI1S subject to this Act or the
Army Act which is prescl"ibed as a corps for the purposes of:\11 or
any of the provisions of this Act;
UO) "im{ependenl hri~ade to means a brigade which does not {Ol'm part of.
a division;
(11) .. dcpartmcl,t" includes any division or hranch o[ a deparhnent;
U21 encmy" includes all al",ftccl mutineers. armed rf'bds, :lrtned rioter
pirates alld any persou In arms :l~'linst \\"Il01'tl it i~ the duty of a
per"OIl sub jed to military law to act;
(13) '0 active ~ervice ", as applied toa person subject to tlli~ Act, means the
time durin~ which ~nch person is attached to, or form. Pout of, a
force which i~ cnj.!,agt'd ill operatic.ns :lJ:!:aill!;t::n enemy. or isen~aReci
I Dell-ttd b\' lhe rlli"" of !:I\1rma (,\dar1;tlion of Lawsl Order, 1')48,
Snbstituled ibid.
, Sllhttil"red b}' Act XVII.I?4J,
Inserted ibid,
 10 lJurma Army.
mi1itar~'in operations ill, or is on the line of march 10, a country or
place wholly or p.utly occupied by au enemy, or is in military
occupation of any fonian country i
(14) I'military custody" means the aITest or confinement of a person
according to the usa~es of the service and includes air force custody;
l(t4A) ., military prison" means a military prison est,blished under the
provisions of section 111 B of this Act ,mel includes a military prison
established by the Government of India or Pakistan in which any
person sentenced uncleI' this Act may be confined under the law for
the time being in force in India or Pakistan;
(IS) U milihry reward" includes any R:ratuity or annuity for long service
or good conduct, any good conduct pay, ~ood service payor pension.
and any other military pecuniary reward :
(161 II Court-martial" means a Court-martial held under this Act;
(17) "criminal Court" means a Court of ordilnry criminal justice in the
Union of Burma j
(tal" civil offence" means an offence ..... hich, if committed in the Union of
Burma, would be triable hy a criminal Court;
(19) I' offence" means any act or omission punishable under lhis Act, and
includes a civil offence as hereinbefore defined;
(201 ..
(21) " prescribed j. means prescrihec1 bv rules made under this Act; ann
(22) all words alHlexpressiolls used herein .111d defined in the Penal Code
and nol hereinbefore defined shall be deemed to ha"e the meanin~s
respectively attributed to them by that Code.

CHAPTER II,

ENROUIEN'T AND ATTESTATION,

Enrolment.

Procedure 8, Upon the appearance before the prescribed enrollinlo{ officer of allY person
bo"rore en- desirous of beill~ enrolled, thc enrol1in~ ofticer shall real"! and explain to him, or
rollin~ cause to be rcul anI"! explained to him in his presellce, the conditions of the service
officer. for whio.:h he is to be enrolled; and shall put to him thc questions set forth itdhe
prelil:ribed form of ellL'olment, and shall. aHer having cautioned him that if he
makes a false answer to any such question he will be liable to punishment under
this Act, record or Cl\lSe to be recorded his answer to each such question.

Enrolment. 9. If, after complyi\lJl; with the provisions of section 8, the enrollin" oAicer is
ulisl1ed th;t,l the perun desirous of heing em'olled fully understands the qUl::stioM
pul 10 him and consents to the conditions of servicc, and if he perceives no
impediment, he shall si/.ln and shall also Coluse the person to sil-tn lhe enrolmenl
p;t,per, a\ld the person shall then he deemed to be enrolled,

'aliditr o( t.l. Every persOIl who h;t,s for the space of lhree months been in the receipt of
etlrolment. military pny as an ellwUed perRon and been borne on the roll~ of an)' corps or
department shall he deemed to have been dnly enrolled, and shall not be entitled

I In.erted by A~t x.'XV, 1943.

I Su~i1uted by Ad IX, 19+4.
 1J"'lna Army. LI
to clailn his etischarRe on the "round of any irregularity or illegality in his. enrol-
ment or any other ground whatsoever; and if within the said three months such
person claims his discharge any such irregularity or illegality or other ground shall
not, until such persoll is dischar.:ed ill pursuance of his claim, affect his position
a.s an enrolled person under this Act or invalidate any proceedinas, act or thing
taken or done prior to his dis~harlte.

AlUdaliofl.
11. The following persons shall be attested, namely ;- Penon. lobe
attested.
(nl all persons enrolled as combatants;
(b) all other enrolled persons prescribed by Ihe President of the Union,
12. (1) When a person who is to be dtested is reported tit for duty, or has Mod< 01
completed the prescribed period of prob"\tion, an oath or affirmation shall be allnlallun.
administered to him in the prescribed form by his commandinJ{ officer in front
of his corps or lillCh portion thereof or lIuch members of his department as may
be present or by any other preacribed person.
121 The form ~f oltb or affirmation prescribed under thi, section shall
contain a promise thallhe person 10 be attested will be faithful 10 (the Constitu_
tion]\ and that he will sen'e in Ihe Burma Forces and go wherever he is ordered
bv land or sea, and tbOlt he will obey all commands of any officer set over him,
even 10 the peril of his life.
(j) The lact of an enrolled person havinlt taken the o:lth or affirmation directed
by thil scclion to be taken shall bc entcred en his enrolmcnt p.1per, and aulhen.
tieated by tbe signaturc of theofftecr administcring the oath or affirmation.

CHAPTER III.
DUiNISSAL ANI> DIlCHARGIT.
13. (II The Presidcnt of thc Union may dismiss from lhe service any penon Oi'miNiI by
subject to this Act. Pretident.
(2) ~
14. The [General Officer COOlmandinJl, Bunna Anny, an officer commtnding Dilmb~al
an army, army corps, division or bri",\(Ie,l' or any prescribed officer, may dismils by the
from .the service auy person serving under his comm<Jnd other than all officer. GmeTal
Officer Com
m..ndint.
Bunni
Ann)". etc
IS
16. The prescribed authority may, in conformity with any rules prcecribtd DiJChlr.e.
in this Ixhalf, diS\:harle from the service any penon suhject 10 this Act
17. Every enrolled person who is dismissed or dischaTlzcd from Ihe service ecriUiclte
shalt be furnished by his conunanding officer with a certificate, ., to l'erton
scUinA (orth-
I.) the authority dismissinlt or discharj(ing bim i
dilmi&lcd

cllarJtd
......
(bJ the cause of his dismiss.'11 ordischaf1l:c ;
Cel the full perio(l o( !lis service in the army.
I SubsliMel1 by the l'nlon of Hurma (Adapillion of LaWI) Ordel, 1948
Substituted by Act XVII. 194).
~ Delclecl by the UnIon .If HlirmI IAd~plation d L.nn) ord'r, 19411.
 BUI'miI Army.

Ditchlrft. 18. W Any person enrolled under tbis Act who is entitled under the condi-
ttc.. Ullt 01 tions of his tnrolmtnt to be rlisch,lraed, or whose discharfle is ordered by Cllm
tbe Unl<>n 01 petent authority, and who, when he is so entitled or ordered 10 be di&eha\l!:ed, is
8urnta.
servinJ! out of the Union of Burm'l, and requests 10 he sent tothe Union of Burma
shall, before lleinfl <lisch:lrfed, be sent 10 the Union of Bllrma wHh all can-
venitnt speed.
ttl Any pen;on enrolled under this Act who is di~misstd frem the service
and who, when he is ~ dismissed, is seninj! out of the Union of Burm~, sh:lll be
sent to lhe Union of BUnll3 with all convenient speed:
Provided that, where an, luch person i, :;enlenccd to diamial combined
",;th any other punishment, such other ptmishment, or i~ the caSt of 2. sentence
of tnnsport31ion or imvriscnment. a portton of such olher punishment, 11\.1Y be
inllicted before be is sent to Ihe Union of Burma.

CHAPTER IV.

SC)INARY RED(CTION AXD Pt:KISHlIEXTS llTHY,RWISE THAN' llY ORD!M 0'

COURT-llAR"fIAtR

Reduction 19 (lJ The (Gener.d Officer Ccmnlandinl!, Burma Army, an oAicer com-
0( non'COllt- mandin~ an arm)" I :trm)" corps, c1idsioll or hriJladeJ' or any prescribed ofllcer, ma)-
missiooed reduce to a lower ~de fr 10 the ranks any "'arrant oAicer or an)" non-eorr,mis-
ollicerl.
stoned officer under his comnund:
Provided that':I warrant oaicer reduced 10 the ranks shall not be required to
serve in the ranks ;as a .epa)'.
rz> TIle comm.1nding officer of an :l.ctin~ non commissioned officer may order
him to relullo his permanent ~rilde:ls a nOllocommiuioned officer or, i( he bas
no pennanent ~radc ;above the n.nlrli, to th~ nnb.

Minor 21. (I) The President of the Union may svecil)' the minor punishments to
J'IInishmenl5. which persons subject to this Act shall be li;lbie withoutt!te intervention of:l Court-
martial, and the officer or officers b)' whom, nlld the extent to whkh, such minor
pilllil.hments ffi1)" be awarded.
I!) Imprisonmeut in military cU~lody amI illihe else of peTSons ~llhjed 10
this A.:t on :lclive service anr prescribtd Jidlt pUlli~hl11ellt m:l)' III: Ipedl1eq as
minor punishments. provided that-
e,,) tbe term o( such il'QprisJlllnent or field Puni~hment shall nClt exceed
t\\"elltr-ei~ht (bys; and
(6) it shall not be aU"aroctl to allY peru II of or abo\'e thc rank c,( non
commissioned officer, or who, when he committed the offence in
respect of which it:s awarded, "''2S d or above stich rank.

21. Whenever an)"wtolpon Of" part of a wcapon forming P:lrt of the l.'Quipmellt
of a half SlllladrclI. h.lllery. cnmPo'n)" or other similar unit is lost or stoltn. the
(General ()ft;cer Comm:\lldinj.!, Bnrma Army, or the officer commanding the army.
anny corps, division or independcnt bripde to which such unit belong,,)' mar,
after obtain;n~ th~ report of:l Court (If inquiry'. inlpo$~ a collective fine upon the
commiu;ollc<l ofllcen:, warr:lnt officers, nonC(lmn)i~siC'nC'd officm :lnd m~n or
!':udl unit. or upon so nlanr of IIt~m :"Is, in his jud~melll, ~holll(1 he 11f:1(\ re!':pon~i
ble lor such loss or tb~ft.

I Substilut~ by ,\el XVII, 19-13.

 Burma Army. 13
22. (1 J }o~or My offcm:e, ill breach of ~ood order, the commanding officer of Puni.hlntJll
allY corps or detachmtllt all active ~f\'ice, in c.lmp, on Ihe march, or at IllY of certain
it'OIlLitr post specified by the I'rcsi(lclIt ollhe Union hy notification in this behalf follower
at which troops al'e :;lationed. may punish an)' follower of such corps or detach-
ment who i. subject to this Act under section 2,llub-section(J), clause (cl-
. (al if such follower is not a mellial servant, with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to thirty days, or with fine which may extend to
6fty rupees;
(bl if such follower is a menial servant, with imprisonment (or a term which
may eXLend to seven days, or, if on active sen-ice. with corpor;ll
punishment not exceeding twelve strokes of a milan,
It) Imprisonment aw,uded under this secti(ln rna}' be camed out in a military
guud, or in a jail, as onlered b)' Ihe said conlmanding officer: and the officer in
ch1rge of any jail shall. on the delivery to him of the person of the offender, with
a warranl, under the hand of Ihe s:lid commalldintt officer, det.., in the offender
nccordinr;: to the exij(encr of the warrant or nntil he is Clischlfj:(ed by dlle conrse
of law.

Prot>OSt-Mnrslrnlt,
23. For the prompt and in!\t:lnt r,epression of irrel:nlaritie!\ :lnd (rrence!\ Arpolnt
committed in tI\(' ~eltl Of on lhe m:lrch, J'l1'O\osl.mar.;hals rna)' he appoinle(l by Ihe IIlCRt.
lGeneral Officer Commandin~, Burma Army, or the officer commanding an army,
army corps. (livision or independent blig:l(~e.r or 311 officer eommandinJ.! the forces
in the field i and the powtrs :lnd duties of snch provost-marlhals shall be
reaul::ted accordinj:( to the established custom of war and the lllies of the servia,
24, (1) The duties of a pt"ovost.m"'f5hal RQ appointed are to take charge of Duli" aJllI
prisoners confined for offences of a ~ener~1 description, 10 prese"e lood ordtr poWUl.
and discipline. and to prevent breaches of the nme hl' perlOns belollJ,!ing or
allachecl to the :lrnl}'. He may at anr time arre,>t :lnd detain for trinl :tnr person
subject 10 this Act who commits an offence and mar nlso C:lrry into effect an\'
punishments to be inRicled in pursuance of the sentence of a Courtmartial. .
(Z) A provost-marshal may puni.h with any punishment mentioned in sectkn
2'1, suh-section W, clause (b), any followf!' who is subject 10 this Act under
sectiOn Z. slIb.JIection (1), clause (,l. and is a menial sc"nnt and who on active
strvice and in hi. view, or in the view of nny of his auist:mts. commits an)' hreach
of good oreler and militan' discipline.

CHAPTERV.
OFnNCII,

OJ/enat in res/eel of Military Service,

25. Any person sllbjed to this Act who commits :lny of Ihe following ofle~, 0"...
that is to say,- I'unhhabk
wllhdCIlh.
(a) shamefully abandons or delivers tip any I'rrison, forlreu. post or J(nilnl
committed 10 hi, charge; or which it is his dUly to defend; or
(61 in presence of an enemy. shamefully c<1Sts away his arms or ammunition.
or intentionally u.~es words or any other means to induce an)' penon
subject tn military law to abstain from actin~ allainsl the enemy.arto
discourage such person from aclinR llWlin~t the enemy, or misbehayts
in ~t1ch mnnner as tn ~how cowardice: or
I Substituted by A.ct XVII, 1943.
 14 Burma A.rm}'.
(c) direcll}' or illdireclly holds rorrespondence with, or c:ommuniCiltcs
illtelligenc~ to, the enemy, or allY person in anns :tl:ainstlhe Stat~.or
who. coming to Ihe kno\\"l~dp;e 01 allY ~uch correspondence or com-
munication, omits to disco\'cr it immediately to his commandin~ or
Olher superior officer; or
(d) treacherously makes known the watchword to any person not entitled to
receive it ; or
(e) directly or indirectly aosistll or I"die\'es with moner. viclnals or ammuni-
tion. or kliowinp;l}' harbours or prolects. any enemy or person in arms
apinst the State; or
(f) in time of war, or cluring any military operation. intentionally occasions
a false alarm in action, camp. j.(alTiSOll or quarttrs, or spreads reports
calculated to create alarm aI' despondency; or
(J!-) heinj.( a sentry in time of war or alarm, Of over any State prisoller,
treasure, maAaline 01' dockyard, steeps upon his post, or quits it with-
ant bein,:: regularly relieved or without lea\'e ; o~
(h) in time of action. leiwes his conlmandin~ officer or"his post or part\ to
flO in se:irch of plunder; or
(r1 in time of lI'ar, quits his I!llard, picquet, part}' or patrol without being
rej.(ularly relieve(l Of withont lea\'~ ; or
(j) in time of war or durinJt aor military operation, uses criminal force la,
Or commits an :lss;\ult 00. any person bringing provision'! 01". other
neccs!>aries to Ihe Clmp or qUlfters of any 01 tbe Burma ~'orcet, or
fOl"c~s a sa{ej.(uanl, or hreaks into any house or any oth,I' place for
plunder, or plunders, injures or destroys any lield, J:larden or other
properly of any kind : or
(1) on al;ti\'e service commits any offence aRainst the property or person at
any inhahit;mt of, or rcsi<lent in, the conntry in which he is !rerving ;
shall. all conviction by Court.martial, bc pi.mished wilh death, or with such I('ss,
punishment as is in this Act mentioned,
Off~ncet not 26, An~' person subject to thi!\ Act who commits any of the following offences,
I'uni,habl~
with death, that is to say,-
(a) strikes, or forces Of attempts to force, any senlr)' ; or
(b) in time of peace, intentionally occasions :t false alarm in camp, prrison
or cantonment; Ol'
(e) bcinK a scntr)", or On Rn:"lnl, ptunders or wilfully destroys or injnres anr
propert)' placed under his charj.(e or under charKe of his !!lIard ;. or
(d) beinj.( a sentry. in lime of pe:tce, sleeps upon his post, Of quits it without
being rel!olarlr relieved or without JeaTe :
shall, on conviction b}' Court-martial, be punished with in,prisonmenl, or with
such le!lS pUnishment as is in this Act mentioned.
Mutiny and In!ubordl,,tllion,
OffellCtl 27. Any person snbject to this Act who commits any oCthe following offences;
Jlunilhablt Ihat isla So"ly,-
willJ.Otalh,
(4) begins, excites, causes, or conspires with any other persons to canse or
joins in any mutiny; or
(6) be;nR pre~ent at any mutiny, does not usc his utmost endeavouI't 10
suppress the same; or
fe) knowin~ or ha\'ina: reason to believe in the eaistence of any mutiny, or
of :my intention 10 mutiny, or of any conspiracy against the State,
does not, without delay, Ilive information thereof to his commandillg
or other snperier officer i Of
 B",m4 Army. IS
(dl U:iU or atlempls to use criminalloroc tOt or commits an assault on, his
Stlperior officer, whether on or oIT duly, knowina; or havina; rtalOn to
beliC'Ye him to be such; or
:.el disobeYI the lawful command 01 bit superior officer i
shall. on conviction by Court.martial, be JlOlLiahed with death, or with such less
puni~hment as is in thil Act menlioned.

28. Any person subject to thil Act who commits IIny of the lollowinM offences. OfJe~not
that is to say,- punbllable
with death.
(n) ili ~ro~ly insuhordinateor insolent to his luperior officer in the execution
or his office; or
(6) reiuses to superintend or assist in the malrin~ 01 any field work or other
mililllty work 01 any description ordered to be made eilher in quartel'l
or in Ihe field; or
(t) impedes a provost-marshal or an assistanl provost.marshal, or any officer
or noncommi~~ionedofficer or other person legally ~xercisinlt ::mtbo.
rit) \lnderor on behalf of a provost.marshal,or. when called on, refuses
to assist, in the exeeution 01 his dut)" t1~ prOYOIt.rnarshal, auistant
provost.marshal or any such oliett. noncommis.c;ioned officer or
other p:rson ;
shall. on conviction by. Courtmartial, be punished with imprisonment, or with
such less punishment as is in this Act mentioned.

Dtstrli()ff, F"JJldllle~ Etlro/wfll aM Abst'lU _'110.,1 LMrw.

29. Any per!Kln subject to this Act who desert. or atlempb to desert the Daerllon.
service shall, on con\'iction by Court.martial, be punished \\ith de:alh, or wilh
such 1CS!l punishment as is in this Act mentioned.
3'. Any person subject to this Act who commits any of the foUowing
sfl"coces, that i. to say,-
Hllbolll"int
deserter,
.bomu
(a) knowinRly harboufi any deserter, or who, know!n" or haYing reason to witt."l1l
believe, that any other penon has delerted,or that any delCrter ha. lene, elc.
been harboured by any oHler person, does not without delay ~i"e
information thertol to his own or some other superior officer, 01' use
his utmost endeavours to cause such deserter to be apprehtnded; or
(6) knowin~, or having reason to believe, that a penon is a deserter, procures
or attempts to procure the enrolment 01 such person; or
(&) without having first obtained a relUlar dilCharge from the corp. or
deputment to which he bclon~.. enrols himself in the 5aRlC or any
other corps or department i or
(dl ablents himself without leave or without suftic:ienl cause overstayaleave
aranted to him; or
(e) being on lene of absence and baTing received information from proper
authority that any corps or portion of a corps. or any deprtment, to
which he belonRS, hIlS been ordered on active service, faila, without
sufficient cause, to rejoin without delay; or
(f) without sufficient Quae lails to appear at the time bed at the parade or
place appointed for eurcisr or duty; or
(,) when on parade, or On the line 01 march, l\ithout aufficient ClUIt or
without leave from his ltlperior omcer quits the parade line of
march ;or
(") in time of peace,quits hi. guard,picqoet or patrol without being refular))-
relined or without len-e ; or
(tJ without proper authority i. foond two mil.. or upwardl from camp; or
 Bunlltl Army.
16
(j) without proper :luthorilr is absellt from hi! c:lnlC'nmtnt 01' lints after
taltJO, or from c;!lnp after relrcatbe:llin~ ;
shall, on condction by Courlmaribl. lx: punishtd with imprisolllllent, or with
.uch less punishment:ls is ill Ihi. Act me.,tiontd"
Dis,rnufllJ COPfdl/et,
31, Any per!;(ln !uhject 10 thi!> Act who commit!> :ln1 or the fono\\'in~ offences.
that i! tn !.'l}',-
(41) di~honestl}' mi~'lppropri:ltts or con\'erb to his o\\"n me nn}' monel',
prO"fision~, fonge, arm!;, c10IhinJ1;, amnlllnilion. tools, instrument!,
equipmenls or militar}' slOres of :lU}' kind, the propert}' nf the St:l.te I
entrusted to him; or
(6) dishonestly rei\'es (II' reL.ins allr prnperty in re~ptcl of which lin
offence under c!atlsc (41) h:ls heen committed. kno\\'inJ1; or h:winR re:al\On
to believe Ihe ~a11le to have !leen di"honestly mis:lppropriated cr
con\'erleO ; nr
(() wilfllll~' clt"trnys or injures :lny propcrtr of the St:lle' entrusted to
him; or
Id) comn1il~ tl,eft in rtsped nf :IllY proprl'ty nf Ihe St:l.te', or of an~'
milit:w\, mess, han<I or instilntinn, or of :\ll~' perSOll suhject to mili!ar)'
1a\\, or set\'in~ wilh, or a!l;u;hel!lo, the army; or
(t) di8hnll~~t1}' rCCt'iv('~ or retains :Ul}' ~\)ch rro~er"}' as i~ sptclfiec1 in
dan~e Cd) knowinJ! or havinJ! reason to believe it 10 be stolen; tor
(n dot.Sany other thing with intent to defrand, or to cam:e wrollRful pin to
one ~rson or \\"ronJ!fu] Joss to ...nother pel'$Otl ; Cor
lof) malin,ersor feigns or produces disease or infinnil)' in himself. or inten-
tion:l.lly dela}'! his cure or :l~vat~ his disease or inlirmitr : Clr
(AI with intent to render himself or anr other person unfit for !lC1'\'ice,
volulltanly causl!') hurt 10 him,:elf or anl' other penon : or
(r1 COmmits au)" offen~'e of a cruel, indecellt or unll:1Iu,",1 kind, or :tltempls
to commit an}' sneh olfrnee ancl d(le~ :lny :lct low:lrds its commiuioll:
shan. on con\'ictit"n b)' Court.martioll, be puui~hed with imprisonment, or willI
Rich Ius ptlni~hment a., is In this Act mentioned,
lPfID.r;ctllion,
Int'l.lcatiOll, 3~, An)' ptr50ll suhject 10 this Acl wh(\ is in a "tale or intoxication, whether
on dill}' or not on dUll', thall, on con\'iction by Conrl-m.1rtial. he runished wilh
imprisonment, or with .neh less punishment as is in this Act mentioned.
Olenal in rtidliMilo PerSOnl ill C.ulody,
OI'ftncn 33. An)' person subject to this Act who, withoet proper authority, rrltases
('IIlillubte an)' St.1te prisoner, enem)' or person t;tken ill arms aJ1;;tinst the Slale, placed under
rib dalh.
his ch.1rge, or wilo neJ1;liJ1;Clllly !iUffrrs ;til}' ~nch rrisoner, enemy or r:et~on to
eleape, shall, on conviction br Court-martial, be punished with death, or with snch
less ~unilhment as is in this Act mentiened,
Offencn not 34. Any person subject to this Act who eommits any o the follo"inltoffences,
pu.niihable that is to uy,-
wilhdnth,
III) beinlt in CC'mmano of :J, gll:lrd, picquet or patrol, refu3t$ to receive an\'
,prisoner or person dulr committed to his charge; or .
(It) \~'III"lOlIt prClper ;mlh("lritr releases ,lOr prisoner or perSOn placed under
IllS charue, or negligentlr suffers an}' such prisoner or person to
escape; or
I SubstiMed b~' t1w Vnioll of 6u.rma IAd.ontation of.La..... sl Ordtr,1948,
 Swmo Arm)'. 17
(c) being in military CUSledy, Ie:lves such custody Nare he is ,et at liberty
hy proper authority.
811.111, 011 conviction by Court.martial, be puni~ed with imprisonment, or with
~uch le~ punishment as il in this Act mentioned.
OJJmm in rtlr,tio." t, PrO/ttI~f'
31. Any person anbject to this Act who commilsan)' r,f the following oA"ene6, Offence. III
that ijl to say,- Itl1150n II)
1'1\1(ltrly.
I,d commits nlortiol1, or withClllt proper :mthorit)' e:cacb from any perlOn,
carrialt', porteraa:e or pro\'i~ions ; or
(iJ) in time of peact', commits house~kinl for the purpose of plwlderinu.
01' plumlen, deslro!s or dam.1~es;m!' field, gArden or other proJ'M.'rI) i or
(d (\I,..,;iltoedly or through ne~lect kill:;, injures, nwkes aWAY wilh, iII"lreats
or losell his horse ur :'IllY allilllalll~ed ill the puhlic I:lt'r\'icc i or
(dl makes away with, or is CODcfI'ncd in makinj.! :twa)' with. his arms,
ammunition, equirments, instnlmenb. tools, dOlhill~ or regimental
necessaries : or
It") lost's by nej,(lect anythln~ mt'ntioned in c1:'luse (til i or
(t) wilfully injnrc)$ an\"lhinJt mt'lItj(lnrd in ('lall~e (til or anr propirly
heloll~inj,( to tile Slate'. or to any mililar)' 1ll~:;;S. b:md or in!llillllion.
or to any ptrsl'n SlIb;Cd 10 milit"rr law, or ~rrdng with, (II" attached
Itl the "tmy ; or
It I sells, p~\\'m;1 de~trors Of deracts ;\IIr 1\1('(1.\1 or (le('or!\tion ernnt!!,l to
him:
shall, (n cou,-ktion b)' Cc urt.m:trii:'ll, be punished with imprisonment, or with
such less l~lllli!lhment a!l i!l in this Act mentionecl.
Ogmers ill r,"Int;ou loJ Faist D(lCI/lJr",'s ttftd Sln/rll/tlfl"
36, Any I'ICrsOIl suhject 10 Ihb Act who commit's any of the following offences, Fal*"
tint is to So'ly,- lICl'UJatlon~
and offC'II(:C'.
(til mllJ;es a false aCCU5a.tion 31!ainst any perSOn suhject to militatr I~\\.. In "I~lon
kno\\in& ~ch acclliation to he false i or . to docu-
(6) in makin~ 3n)' compL1int under section 117 Cr'seclion 117A, knowinll)' IIlrnl.,
m:ikes any false statement affecti~ the cbaracter nf an~' person luhject
to militarr law. or knowinl1}' ancl wilhllir SlIppreA"f" illlr mattrial
fact; or
(c) oMains or attempb to obtain for himsclf, 01' Cor an~' othet renoo, any
pension, allowance or other aet\'anlaa:e or 'rrh"i1e~c b} a t1atement
whicb is .fals.r, and which he either knows or bcliC\"es to be falst or
does not heUcve to bt' true, or by makinl or Ilsinll a false entr)' In
any 009k or recoMl or by m,king an}' docum~nt cont;'\inin~ a false
llt.ltement, or hy omitting to m.1ke a true entry or ~ocument con
l;tininK;t true st'teinetlt ; or .
(d) knowingly fumishet 3 f:llse retllln or report of the number or sl:lte of
;tn}' men under hit command or cbarac, or of any mone" :lrm",
ammunition. c1othin., equipments, stores or other property in hit
Ch1r$l.C, wh~thcr belollJ,(ing to such mrn (.Jr'lo Ihe Slate I or 10 an)'
I't'rll(ln in or ;'\Uached to the IIrm)", or who, through de)$i~n or culpahle
neglect, omits or refutes to make ('If tend :Iny rtlurn or report of the
matters aforesaid i
shall, On C'O",'iction by Conrt-marlial. be punished witb imprisonment, or with
such leas punilhmtnt as il in thi! Act mmtioned.
, sllhttlluled by lbe Unloa of Allrma IAdarlall".. of La....! Ordet, 1941,

2
 It
~'J.l,t' 31. An)' persOll h;l\"itl~ become subject to this Act who is di~covere<l to
~ns~t'rs em have made a wilfully lahc ;11ls\\'~r to any qu~stion set forth in the rrC'S':l"ibcd
enrolmml.
form of enrolment which has,.blren put to him by the enrollin~ officer before whom
he appear'li for the rurpose of hein~ enrolled, ~halJ, on conviction hy Court-martial,
b~ pllniiihed with imprilOOnmtnt, or with stich les$ pnnishment as is in this Act
mentioned.

OHtI/(e.~ ;11 ,t1n!itlll to C(ll/r/l-IIJ1lrtial,

orlt'llC(~ In 38. An}' penoll snhject 10 this Act \\'lIn commits an~' o( the (ol1owing offences.
rrblinnlo thM is to ~a)',-
1;0"'11-
nl~rl'.l. (a) when dul)' summoned to attclld a~ a witntss bef<?ft' ;\ Conrt-m:lrtial,
intentionally emils to a!leud, or r('fllS~~ to he sworn or atlirmed or to
all"\\"~l Jl.ny quC'slioll, or to ptO{]ucc 01' <ltli"cf tip all}' hook, documcnt
or other Ibill~ which he m,lr han been <luly warned and called uron
to pl'Odnce or deliver np ; or
fb) inlentionallr rifers :ulr insult or C'allS('S a11\' inlerrllp!i(\11 Clr dislnrbanC'('
10, or ll':t"s ao\' nll':n:lrin~ or Ilisrrll[lN'lfnl \w'Ir{], siJ!'n or ~estllrt', flr is
inslIbordin:'ltt. (Ir \Oiolt'nl in. Illl" p:"('srnce of, :'I Court-m:lrlial while
sitlinJ,! i {'Or
(f) h:ldnJ.! heen 1I111~' S\\'01'n or :'IAirmed bt'fort' an,r Conrl-mal'tial or olhtr
mililarr C(\l1rt comretent 10 a<!minhlrr :In o<.th 0" .1ftinmlion. lll;lkes
:m}' statement which is fal"e, amt which he either knows or htlievts
to he false or does not helie\'e to he trut' ;
shall, nn ('o1l\oiclinn h~' Court-mJrtial, he rllnisht'cl with iniprisflnment, or \\illl
such IC'~II pllnishm('nt ;IS is in Ihis Act mentione<l.

IolisullanfOll1 AU/ilar)' O/!rl/m.

Ni<cr-I 39, An~' person snhj:t to Ihis t\~t \\";10 comnlil" any of the (flllowinl.:' offt11C'C'S,
l:tllf'Ollll tll::t.t is 10 !lar,-
mllibf~
oftr-n.cel, fa) hein~ an ofliceror \urr.l1ll officer, hfoh:lves in a manlier unht'romin~ his
p)silion :lnll Ch:ll-:tcltr : or
(h) strikt-s or I'Ithrtwise iIItrC':'lt!l anr rrt~n subject t(l this Act heinA hi'
. snhnr<!in.,tt in nn!': or posililln ; or
fc}'hein~ in comm.,nd at any pnst oron the ffi::t.rch, :'Ind l oecrh'inA a comr1:lint
that an~' onr nnder hi; commanc! h:'ls heat en or otherwise maltreated
or opprrS!rd any person, or haq, dililurhecl :'Inr bir 01' market, or
committed :lnr ri(\t or 1resp.,ss, hils to h::t.vr <lne refl:\r:ltioll made to
the inillred perSOn (It to report the case 10 the proPer anthority ; or
(d) hy {lelilillJ{ an}" Illact' of worship, nl' otherwise, inlentionall}O insult,the
relilion or wonnels the reliJ/:ictls feeline:s of anr person; Or
(rl atiemfltS to commit snii,lide and doC's an)" act lowards the commissiron of
sllch offence: or .
el) llt.il\~ bebw Ihe rank of .....alT:tnt omcrr, when off <lnty, aPrears, wilhonl
proper aulhoritr, in Of ahout ('J.mr or cantonnli'nts, or in or ahout, or
wht'n grilJJ!: to or rC'tnrninJ,! from any lown or Mt:'1r, carrrinA a sword,
hilldit'on 0" olher offr.nsive wcaron ; or
ttl directlr or indirectly ::t.CCtpts or ohtains, or a~ret's 10 acCept or :ltlempts
to obbin. (or him<;elf or (or all}' other persOll, :lny J!ratinC':ltion as :l
motive or reward for flI'O<'uring the enrolment of an}" rerson, or Jea\'e
of absenc~. promotion or any other aelY:lnta,e or indl1lR:~nce for :lnr
person in the ~t\'ice ; or
(h) ~Iech to olw)' an~' gefleral or ":llTi$On or other ordtl's ; or
 Burma Arm)'. .9
(i) is J.!uilly of any act or omission which, though nol speciti~d in this Act,
is prejudicial to good order and milihry discipline;
shall, On -eoll\'iclion by Court.martial, be punished with iml,risonment, or with
such le~R pnnishment as is in thi. Act mentioned. '
39.\. WhnC'ver attempt<; to cnmmit an offence pnnishahle hl' this Act or to Attem{lb,
..al1~ snch all offence to he commhted, and in sllch altell1pl cInes an!' aC'1 towarcl!'
-the ('olllmi~silln of the offenl'e, may, where no exp!'es~ pJ'(t\'ision is made h)'this Act
for tll~' f'ntli~hmC'l\t of such attempt, be pllnisht'd with the poni"hmelll pl'Ovi(lrd in
thi!> Acl ((\1' !>uch offence.
dbelme,.f.
.... Every prrsc n subject 10 Ihis Act who ahets al1~' offence punillimble undel' Abclllltl\l,
this Act may he pUllisherl with the punishmenl pro\"i('ed in this Act for such
offence.
(;;,;1 OjJ'ftm,
.... (I) E\"'ry perilnn '\nhj~t 10 this Act who, either within Ihe Uni, n of rh'il offfnc:~
'RlII'ma {'.r al ail}' l'!:lre hfw nd thl" Union (',f I'nrma, ('(>mmils :'Ill)' ('h'il of{C'nce shall tllmmltle4
he dermecl 10 he !!lIilt)' of an orftn~'e ~K:l.insl Illilitar~' 1;11\, :lnd. if charJ::ccl out.ill<' the Union tlf
Iherewitll lllul('T thi!; ~l'clion Sh;lll, ~Ilhjrl'lto the rn vbiolls of this Ar.1 1 he li;lhle "urma Of
to he tried for Ihe i3111t: by (;C'urt-marlial, anel 011 con\iclion to IX' f'tIllishcd as nn ~dlvt
follows, Ih:1I is to say,.... ..rwice in tilt
Union or
(a) if the offence is one which we nld he plluishahle under thl.' h\l' of the Ullmta,
Union of Rurma with <lenth or with lranlf'Orblioll, he shall he liahle
1(> suffer any punishment other than \\'hipJ1in~ a.iilil!necl for the offence
hy the law of the Onion of Rm'rna i ancl
(I,) ill olher (' ~9. he shall be liah\e 10 ~uff~-r an)' punishment other than
whippinJ,! assil!nf'Ci for Ihe nffenre hl' Ihl': law of Ille Union of Burma,
or 5nch Pllni~hmenl as mil{ht ttl': :&\\":'lrrlt'cl 10 him in Jll1N.II.,nce of
this Act in respect 01 an act prcjlldiciallo j.!nod order and milila'1'
discipline:
l"rCl\'ided ~hat a perwn suhjrcl 10 thie; Act who at an); time within Ihf Union
of 8mOla or at all' plan', f I al\d while nnt 011 ;lC\iW' !\el'\'i~,
commitllihe offence nf murder nr culpahle hf"mici<~c not :lmounlinj.! In mnl'c1er in
\'cblinn to a I,('rson not suhject 10 militarr law, or the nff<:nce of l'arel shaUllol
hr dt'cmec1 to he ~lLiltr of an oAC'm':C' again!l mlJil."Ir)' 1:1\1" :loll sh:lU not he tried
h~' a Conrl-martial.
(I) The I'0Werll of a COIIrl-martial to Irr and 10 runi!lh an)' person llllder
lhis section llh:lll not he affected by reason of tht! fact Ihal the civil offence with
which snch rerson is charlt"tl is allo a mililary {{fence.
42 .
CHAPTER VI.
PU~IS"UI:N1'I.

"3, Pnni!lhments ma}' t'le il'lfliC'led in respect o( nffencel committed by Punitb.

persall!> sl1bjrct to thie; Act. a.nd con\iclc;'d b!' Court-martial, ;u:cordinR to the mflll.,
scale followin~, Ihat is 10 sar,-
(n) death ;
(hi traMportation 10f' life or for any period nol leIS than leven years:
I DetelM by the Union of Rurm.t. 1A.'lapt_ltlOO tlf LawII Ordrr, 1M.'
 20 Burllld ..trill)'.

(.-) iroprisonlll~nt either rigoroDs or simple for all)" t~rm not excrediog
fourteen years ;
fed in the COISC of commissioned officers\ oshiering ;
fdJ di!lmiwJ from the sn".,jce i
(el Of ~ ill
tfl TrdnC'lion, in the C:l~e of:l warr.'llll <llirer, In alOIl"H I!r:l(~e or cb.~~ or
Ilbce ill the Ij,,1 of hill rank, or to lilt' rauks ; or ill lilt' casf. of a non
COllllni5.<;;inneci Clflker, to :l 10\\"('1' gr:Hle or :a IO\\'f.r r:\Ok or to the
r:mk;;: .
P'r.,)\Oitlc(1 1h:ll:l W:Ur.ll1t ofhetr redlK'ed 10 the T:lnk.. shall not he
required 10 ferYC in lhe r:mb:t<;; a S(llO)":
1.':1 in the use of of'lkcrs, warrant officers and nOll-commissioned offiCffS,
forh:illlrt. ill tlll'rn'sni}\e(l 1I\;lllllCr uf st"nil ril}" of rdllk :md ~cn"i<.:c
fliT :ht' purpose uf proll1f'ti('11 :
(~'I!') in the ~'a~c of (Ilieers. warralll olli~~r:s :llltlnOll-commissionet: cAken,
rcprimaml or ~~'ren l'<,prim:\Ilcl ;
(hI {odtiture~ :'Ind stollI'agc~ as 101l0\H, namel);-
m {Ilritilnru 01 !l('r\'i~'e for the I'llrrn~e ('If in(ru~d I'?~'. {'e11!iOIl fl'
:lnr othl"r prl"'rihrd JlUrpos.. :
(~) +
!iii) fnrftiturf', in the case of:l; per~(\ll 'I:C:ntenct'd 10 ca~llitrill~ or dismi~1
{rom lhe ~\'ict', of ::III arrear.; ('If r~1r and :lUowallces :lnd ('11It'r
puulic mout')' dlle 10 him al the linle nf snch C3$hierin~ or
dismi~~:'Il ;
liv) ~IOPI'agl'S of I.~r :1ml allo\\":'Ince~ until :'Ill)' proved los~ or d:ll1la)!t'
C'ce:l.sione{I h)' the offellce or \r!lich he is cOlwiclcd i~ 1ll:It!e j;!('l(l(! ;
{d ('Ill 3ctil'e urvict. forfeilure o{ IXI)' and :ll1o\mn~t~ for a period nol
excetdinllt :hrec mont1I~
..... ~
l,nni~ ..
..... Wllt.re in rl"~pt\~t or 3nr offt'llee limier Ihi~ Ad lhtre i5; s~eci6ed a
IXlrt...ub.r l'nnishlllf'lli or 1ol1t'lI 1f'S.c; I'llnislimt'nt a~ i~ in !hill Act mention(ll, tI tre
mflll~.
mw ht- aW:l.nled in 1't'~pccl of that offt'n('(' in~te.1d ar such rarticllb.r Jonni!>hmenl
(hul suhjtcl to the olher J"ro\'i~kns of this Act all 10 Jltlnishllltnt~ :llld reJl,arc:\
ht-inA h ltl to Iht n..l\1re aud dej!ret of tile ofi('ncd :In\' one fluni~hllltnt lo\\"tr in
lhr- :.hovt ~calt. Ihan Ihe Jl1rlicll1:'tr pllni~hm('nl. .

)'itld 45. Where an)' person, suhj~1 10 Ihis .\cl ann uncler Ihe un!;. of lI':lrrant
punis.hllltuif. oRlce-r. 0:1 :\c!i"e ~r\"ice is ~nihr of anyal(('oct. it 511:1.11 he la\\'ful for a ('ouri
maT1i;,\110 :Iw:ml {or th:l.l offenct OIn)' such plluishmf'nt, aliltr th.an ROlU:in~, :1~
1110.)" he prescribed :IS:l. lield J!unishlllt11l. Fitld pnnishmtlll ~h311 hto o( the
\'h:arlcler of f!tf':;(1n:a1 m>lraint or of h;'\rd I"oour hnt shall not bt.. of a natnrt 10
C;'\IISC injnry 10 life or limh.

P,"il"->!Iof 46. Field punishmenl shall, (or the Jlurpose of commlll:llion, tlt dl.'emed to
field '1t;'\nd in lhe ~cale of Ilull;~hm("nls lit),! helow (llamisfal.
l"'Il,;shnltnl
;11 se:l.lt.

C.wnbinaH.,n ..,. A ~nlcnce ofo;, lAurt.m;'\rtial may aw:ud. ill o.ddjtion In or withont an)'
of puni,h. one oilltr pullishmmL Ihe punishment specilied in r.bltst (cc) or dause (til :tnl!
I"lV'QI1. :In) one or more of the punishments sf'tcilied in c1:austS (IJ, (f), <it> and U) nf
~ctiOIl of,\.

I S~bttitnlf\1 "". tM t'nlon rf Hllt.millAdlrlaJlon of Lawi. Orlkr: 1(}-t8.

 BIITm4 Ar",,., 21
.7A, Whenever a coollnissioned offiur I is sentenced to tran~PM'latioll or ('oUohitrtnl::
impri$C'lllment. Ihe Court shall, b~' ils sc.llt~ncc, senll.'IICt sueh officcr to he ," \V!lInli!>-
cashiel'Cd. '~doflkct
Oft CIl:J '"k"
11ur.
.f3, Whene\'er allY PC~ll is scnlenced to ri~Ofous impriliOlllllelltllhe CUlqI Snlituv
mar. iJy ih sentence, order that the offender :.hall be kept in !lOlitar}' ,,;olltinemCIII clJitlintmtnl.
{or allY portion or porHolls of the imprisonment to which he is senleneed. 1I0t
ell:.,;eedilllt tllree monlhs in Hie wholel aC\:OI"(linl: to lhe following $C;lle, lh:lt iii tu
S;IYI-
(a) time not exceedil1~ olle mouth if the term of impri:ronmcn! does Ii0t
:I
r.xi,,:ccd six moutlls ;
fb) a lime not ex.,;eetlinj.! 1\\'0 mouths i( lhe term of imrrisoomCllt cll:l:eCt!.\
sill: moull" :lIld does not cxcecu one YC'~lr' i
(~l a lime not ell:ceec1ir,j.! thr~'c months if the term of imprillOnment ex";cctl,
ol1e year,
.9, A warrant oRker or a nUIH.:ommb)ioI1Cfl officer ~enteneetll)\' Court- ~ed",livn
mallial 10 trallsportalion, impri~olln'lCnt. fiehl punishmenl (lr dismi!.~al hom the ,~ W.I,ralll..
scn-il.:e, :r.hall be Ilcemetl to be rellucetlto lhe ranks, ,,, 1",'1-
l"'II,mi..
,io... lCd
f'8"..:.cnlo
lanb.
49A, \\'hen ;lIlY eurolled FtfSOn (,n adi\"c sen'ice h2s been stnkncc,1 ~. ~d.."li.... in
C\ nrt-martill to dismissal or to tmnsporlation or impri50\1lncllt, whelher -.=rmhinetl t~ raub n(
with dismiss II or not, lhe prescribed cffiocr m.t~' direct that !luch pcrs(ln mOl~' I>c aJ"tr_
retained to scm in the ranks. :lnd whlT<: sudl JlCl'$On has 'xCII sentelKcd to \"'ulI'io.:tld
toll adh"c
transportation or imprisonllll"III, ~ueh scM'ice sl.1<11I b( reckoned d!l ~rt of hi~ {Chie.,.
term of Iran:>JlOltation or imrorisomnent.

CHAPTER VII.
I'F.K,\L D~lJu(,;Tlo~s,

st, II) The followill~ 1hl11al detillclious mar be 11101dc In:m the Va)'. :Jlld Dc.h,\t1un~
i1l1O\l.'ances 01 d ~omillihivncd oflkcl'\ that is III sa)',- It'lIl1 1'\1\'
alld allu"\\"o
, (0' all pay :Jlld allvlI";t1l~S lr.r e\'er)' c.l;,y o( absellce willwulle.l\'e,l1IJIc!l1 a 1II1ee-.
aali"fador)' eXpl;llIOltioll has !:Iccn Iti\'cn through hill commilntlinj.!
officer and has been approved br the Presi 'enl of the linioll ;
(6) an}' sum r-=Quircl! to nL"lke g:ood such ~Olllpem;.,'\tion for :UI~' expen~es,
los~, c!;unaae or destruction OC\.":I,ionctl hr lhe COrnmi'!lioll of all)'
oRenl.:c <oS ll1;r be delermillcd 1' the Conrtmarti;d b\' whom he i,
.,;onl"icttll o( :r.uch offence (Of br all ~r e:cen:rsinl: <luthoril)'
under llCcl;r.n 20)' :
(c) :tIIY WIll rt:tluirec.1 to make l:ooc.1lhe poi)' of an, person :.tJhJtCI to thi"
.\cl whkh he has llnb.w(ully n:billerl or unl:llt"fully rdt~d 10 ~}' i
(Ill illl\' Mnn requir-=d 10 make J:.tXXl .n~' 1000I, d:un"fl,c or dellruction of
pnIJlk or regimental propert, which .. flu due io\'("'sliJ!atioll :appears
to the P~ident of the union 10 have: hten occa.",icflf:(l t'l\" :till'
wrongr"l;1('t nr n~ll:elltt' nn Ihe p:lrt n( the (':Omlllis",innt'll ... l'Ii(.('r ;
(t) an)' lIu:rt orrlere:d h\' a Conrt-marH:t1 to I~ !\Iorretlundtr u<ction 4'.
I $lIbsliiutcd b): the Unjnn of lturma t.\rbI'lJlion '" Law,) Order, t?U.
~ 'llscrtcd by Atl XX\', 1913.
 22 Btu"". Army,
(Z> The followilllt pen~l de~luctions Inay be made from the pay ;Indallowaner.s l
of iI PC-rwll suhject 10 tbis Ad uther I h;lll a commiioned oftil:cr , IIlal is
to sa}',-
(,,) ;111 IJitr aUlI ,I!IOW,IIIt:eS for eYer)' day of absence either all detertion (,r
wilhout len-e, or ilS a prisoller of war,and for every day of impri;;oo-
ntellt a\\ardcd hl' it criminal Court, a Courtm.1.rlial, or an oliicl.:r
e~ercisini: .mlhorit)' Ilnder section 20 or of field punilolJmcnt awarded
b)' a CoortmartiaJ or soch officer;
(6) all pay a'td i1llowancCl for every d:ly whiM he is in custody 011 iI
chan.ce for ,III offence of whicb he is afterwards convicted by it
criminall:oort or Courtmartial, c-r on a chan:e of absencc wiHlout
IUt'e for whi.:h be is afterwards awarded impriSOlllllcllt or
field I'unilohment by an officer exercisin~ 3uthorit}' under
loel:tioll 20 :
'd ,\II PolY :lU.I'allowoIjlce;l for et'er}' elly on wllich be i~ ill ho:;pilal ou
account of loickucl>1i t:l-rlific:d by tllc medical officcr aUcndiJl).: on him
to howc lK'en caused by an olIenee uuder Ihis Al,t committed
Uyhim;
IU) ItJr every Ilay on \\hil.h he is ill hospilal 011 account of sic1neSll cerli6ed
by Ihl: n1C~dicll officer allendill~ 011 him to ha.e becn caused by hi~
0\\"11 misconrluct or IIllprudcuee, such sum as may be specified h)'
order of the P~idellt of Ihe Union; .
(d) ;111 pa}' and ;llIowanccs ordercil by it Court-martiallmder Sn1ion ,U, or
h}' an (lflker e:tcn..i~illl! anLhority uncler section 20. to be forfeited;
(e) ;IllY sum ord<:red by a Court.martial to be stopped under seclion H ;
(I) .IIlY SUIll rtquired to makc Iotood such comrtn~atioll for an)' expenscs
caused by him, or for anr 1('>&$ of or dam~~e or destillclion done by
him to all}' arlll!, amlllunition, equipment, dothinJl:I iustruments"
re~imental neeessartes or military decoration, or to any buildin~s or
pruperly, as may hc llwarde<l by his commanelini!: offict'f i
(tl all~' ~um rt'ljuirtd to POlY a lillC awarded br a criminal Court. a Court-
m;lrtial r:trrcisil'l<! jurisdi<:lion under ~ection" J ,or au officer exel'dsin:.!
authority umlt'r section 20 or section 21 :
Provided tll;11 the tolal dctlm:tions front the pa~' allrl allov..ances of a persOIl
snbjed to this Act other thall a commissioned officer' mllcle under c\;IUS<:S (eJ
to If), h011l inclusive, ~hall not (cxcept ill the crise 01 a persou loellt...ll;ed 10
dismissal) exceed in .1lIY OIlC mouth one half of his pay :Iud allowanccs for that
month,.
E.J'Nllfla/,oll,--:-For the purposes of claus('s (n) and (6)-
(i) ahsence or clIsto<ly for ~i:c COlIstcuti"e hour~ or upwards, \1 h~ther
wholly in one (la~' or p;lrtly in one day iLnd partly in allother, may
bc reckOned as absence or custody for a day:
(ii) absence or custody for tweh'e ,0n~Cllti\'e houn or upwards nlay be
reckoned as abscnce (Ii custody for the whole of tach dar durin/:
;IIIY portion of whidl the person was ab-;tnt or in custody: and
(iii) au)' abSCllCt or \'11:>101.1\' for Itlos than a day may be reckoned ;IS abstlll"e
or cUShxl.\ for" Iby if ~lIcb absen~c or clI~tody pre\'Cllted the at-$~ntee
frum fulfilling all)" milit.1r}' clul}' whi,;h was thereby Ihrown upon
some othl"r person.
5t, Any slim authorized by thi~ Act to be deducted from lhe pa}' and
Dtductlol'll allowances of anr ~r!::Oll m'lY. witheul prtjudice to :Ill)' other mode of recovcrinr
rfllm ,.,1>lk
moor\'ncbu the s:amt, be derlncted from anr public money dlle to hi'1l other t1l.'1n a
thaQ r;a)', pension,
, Sub$litutrtl b)' the Ullioo of Burma IAdapiatiOft of La...$) Ordrt, 19U,
 23
U. Any deduction (rom ptl)' amI a1lowallctS authorized hy this '\1,;1 nlol)' be Nemluioa
tof lkcb....
rcmilled in wl,;h manner, ;md to ~u(h ('nell I and 1.1)" luch authoril)" as mil)' from llc...
time to time be prcsaibed.
52". (I) In the case of all PfrsonlJ sobjcd to IhisAct. bdn~ prnonm of war. I'rolhoon
",'luSC rot)' lnd, al~~ances ItaTt been forftilt'd under. ~ccli( II S~, but in rc:)~tCt of ~,:,~~lt"
whom a reml!"SlOTi has !xCII made under set'tlCII 52, It shall be (adul, r";!lOIt(rl
1M)(wilhslandiIlR anS' (lrO\'i:Jon in any cnaclmcn\ or ;l.n)' rult or lOa\\' to Ihe t'.Unll'2I'Y. vi war.
{or proper pro\"ision to be mlde by lbe ptL'Sl.:ribcd authorities oul of Sl1ch pay
and .. lIowanccs for ..ny dependants of weh persons, and ;my ~\lch remissioll
shall in lhat case be deemed 10 appl)' only to the b:l.lancc then:allcr I'tmnlnill~ of
such pal' and allowances.
(2)
'128. III the ca~e of :In}' person illl,.jc:ct 10 this Ad, it ;;Imll he law(nl. lIot- Gcuer:d
with.l;uJ(lin~ ;lnr provhion in thh Act 01' in an}' other cn;lctmt'ul or in ;In}' lulr of (lU\\tftv
Illilokc 1'1'0-
law to tile conlr,II1', for proper provisiotl 10 re mOlde br the pn:K,-il'CI] ,Iulhoriticli \Wult fur
for any dCp('nd.lllls of "Il}' illclJ .. er~all who is a prisoncr of "ar Of mb~in out 4cllflldaub
of his pil}' ,unj allowanCCl, "ll'rillOllcn
of \\'uor
1Jl1~1l1t"
CHAP'r~ll VIII. ('t'rJuI".

COuJtT$o)fAaTUrM
r""5lil"tkJ1l cud DiM/lIlio. vf C:"",Is-m.n"Il.
53, ,,"or thc purposes of lhis Ao,:t tbcrt shilll be (our kinm of Courlli-Q1artial, ClJlnl5-
that b to-t'r.-- rnmial and
the killcb
III ~cn{TolI Courts-nlarli01I ; Ihe:Jf,
121 district Ct tn1s-m01rli- J ;
(3) SIIUM,],!)' ~~Ilcral Courl:i-marli01I ; and
(4l SDmma!")' Courb-m.,rlial.
54, A I;clleml Courl-martiid mal' be convened h}' the I'rcsidcnt ollhc L:nioJl, l'u,,u to
ur by an}' oGicer em~~\\ ered illihis IJellaU b~' w.rraut o( lhe Pruidenl of the l'nion, ~OIl\"cne
;':en<:r..l
t;ourl.-
mattial,
IS, A di~trict Canrt-martial may be COI,vt.'ned bl an}' allicu havillj,( powcr "Ower to
ta 1:011\'CI,e ;1 ~ellcr;tl Courl-martioll, ar b}' any officer 1.'llJptoWt rel' ill lhis hliaH WIlI'cne
b)' warrant 01 <tllr ~u<:h ollio.:cr, III.triel
GlJUrh_
rtial, lll..

, A warunt i~sued under aeelion 54 or ~eclioll 5S rna\' cOntain scch COOllcnb .A

ftslricliollt,1'tselvalions or conditiOIlS as lhe officer bsuini: ilmar 'thinle tit. w.orralll
.....c:l IIIlticr
JCdioJrl S4 or
KCtIon !S_

57, It. ceneral Court-marHal shall cOt!r.i,1 of not Ins Ihan (lhrttl' oftiCtl") "AllPf'O!ill
.. I cach of whom b..s hdd .. C(mmhsion (or nol leSSlh,l\' 1I.rtc wh( Ie tIl ....:kra..."
}'urs ant.! tof wbom not le:is thOln [lwof .. ~ 1.11 ill rank lid tlrlow tb,tl uf ('a..lain: cotr~
~~?"illed thai, Wllere a ~ufficicnl number of' oAkeN, \\ 110 1I;I\"e held bu.rlul,
comml~slon for not ~ns lhan thrrc wh,ole ):t:ars. is not anilOlblc. \l1r rrt~it.!cl\t of
the Un.an or the o.fficer empO\\'(.'tcd In tIllS behalf b, warr.mt of the Prem:cllt
1 In'col~1 b)' ,"t:l 1:'(, 19<1~,
Subslitutccf br Ad XLI.IQS3,
Oclctt1l h\' the t"joll of Ru.ma 1,\darbt\Oft oIl.;a""1 Orier 11)41
I IDKttt-d 1' "~t XY, t,I&. '
 24
of the Ullio:l m,l.\" appoint any oflicer who has held a comll)i~sion for \lot le~s than
om: IdlOle yt:ar, [Ilr who has actt:d as a Sc."siUllS Jud~c for a pcriO\I of nol t....,,$
than two ~'e,ll"l't or who halt :tdcd :t~ an Advoc:lte ollhe Hi.h Court of 0\'1.' teu
~'ur.,,' st:mrlh'l!l' to make up the I'<lluired number} :
'(Prodded further that the rrmisiolls of the Bnnn:l Army (Amclldmer,t) Act,
19SJ, shall arph' to tn:ry general Courtmartial cxistiur,!on the oommenct:ment
d the s:lill Act.l
COlll1"u,i1ion 5&. A district Courtm3rti:l1 shall con,i."t of 11.01 Jess th:ln three ofriccr'$
of llislr;~l " 0- '" ".
CouJ'ts.
muliJl.
59.61. " " '"
CJIlI"C~ninl 62. The following autborities sh:tll have rower 10 -conTene a SUllltDUy
of $UIUIll~ry llellernl Court.martial, namely:-
l!cncral
l.Nurb (d) ;111 ofticer empowered in this I.k:half lJy an order or thl: President 01
In.l.rlbl. the Union:
(b) on .Iethe senit.:l', lhl' oftk::r commanJing lhe foret'S in the field, or
,IllY oAkcr empowcf('d b)' l:im iu lhis hd...U ;
k' an officer wmm:l.Illlillt! ~Il}' (let~chtd j:Ortion 01 ~ c, troops upon
:lo:ti\'e $er~;ce whell, ill his opinion. it is 1I0t pradkabJc, with due
rcg:;rd to cli~dplinc and the exigellci~s of the ~en'ke, thaI :lll
offence ShCIllc1l>f: trie(l hy an or(;inary ~rlltral Court-!nartiill,
Co:l1pJtiliCln 63. A ~umlll;UT ~cl1er.lJ Court.martial shall consist of not less linn ihree
of 1U11IIn.ary c ~ "~colllDlis~iOl1cd oflkers.
I.'euc:r.d
C.ltll'll
Illalti~I,
Summary Of, (J) .\ summMY Court.mOlrlialm,l)' lJe Ilehl-
(,;UllI!l.
IMIIi:lI, I,d by lhc comm.ml1ing offil:cr of an}' corps or deparlment cl the Burma
Fon:~, or oi allY (I"behment 0( lho~ forl'CS j
(6) hl' the commalhlillg 0I1iccr of any C C C'corp:s or detachment to
whidl Jet...ils SUhjl'd to tbi~ Ad :trc alt:.cheol.
12, AI C\'cr~" summary Court,martj;.ll!tC o(tker hvldilil-: th~ tfbl sh~1I alone
con."lilUle.the Court, but the rroct'('dil1~~ sll:11I be :lll<:llded throughout l\l" 1110
a,
othtr officers \\"ho Sh;11I110t, ."uch, be sworn or :.ffimted.
65. 11) Ii a Courtm:trti31 :Iilcr the commencement 01 a trial is relluced l'tlol\"
the sllwllest llum!Jer oi oftiCtts of whkb it is by tllis Ad required to consi."t. it
sball \)(: dissoln:d.
iZ) If. on account oi the illness of the aceused before the Ilnding. itis
ilt1pos~ible to comillue the trial, a Court-martial shall be (1issolred.
(3) Whl.-rc a Court,martial is di~soh-e I under this section, the accu~ed nlar
be tried :.gaiu.

J"rl~Jidiofl to/Cowrb'l1Tarlidl.
Prohibition 66, \\'1 en Any person I'ut>ject 10 111 is "\el has het-n acquitted (or cOfl,iclrd 01
of H"tolld
trial. an offence b~' a C:)urt.m.1rti:t1 or t>y a \:1 im;l1;\1 Court. or has bf.en }umm;1fily <trait
with ior an (fience under sc(tic.n 10 or seclion 11, he shall not be liaulr to be
tritd a~1in for thc 5.1me oft'tnce II)" a Court-martial or de:llt with summarily in
~rt.<"t o( it undtr either oi lh" said ~tion~,

In!ffled ,,~. A~l :",LI.!').,

I DeJdcd by the l'nillll (-I 8\11lU,lI.\dJrtativn of La"".12:c!tr, 19~L
 67, No tri..l1 by Courlmartial of any peNOIl ,ub.iect lotbis Act for lily offence Limitation
Cother nil'll an offcncc of lll"lin)', desertion 01' fraudnlent enrdmcllt) lhall he l'f trial.
comwCnced aHcr the fJ.piration of lhrce )'UI'I frouTlllC <bte of ~uth offence. and
no such tri~l for;ln offence of dCKflion (other thOin desertion on acth'c K'n'ice)
or of fr:luduhmt enrolnK'llt shall be commenccd if tbe pencil in 11Ut.'ldioll not beilllt
:I .;ommts..uU\ted oRict." bu, SUbseqUClltl)to Ihecornmislion of the offence. sen'ed
t."oulinuously in an UCnl.l'lan manner for DOl leu than tbrte rean with any portion
of [Ihe !'teobr fon.'eI.}
E.r;lantdiol,.-"or thc purpottlo( this sectiou. II Il\utin)'" means all)' of the
uffen.;es speci6cd tn dilUM:$ (a>, (., :md (d o( &eCtion 27.
61. An)" pcuon subjed to tbi, Act who wmmilli any ofence apillst it may 1>c I'lao:e of
tried and punished for such ofh:nce in all)' pL,ce wbalC't'Cr. trial.

Adjllsllllc"f of t"e jurisJicUo. 01 COIU,,.,,..,,;,u tAl. mllli",,' CfIIU'is

t. When a crimin:tl Courl and a Courtmartbl have eacb juri~tct'ou in Ordttinta51
rupcd 01 all offcnce. il 5hall be in lhe discrcl'on 01 the pI~ilxd Rlilitary ofwncum:nt
. mthorily to dedde before Wllieh Cc'\lrl the procc:edill~ 5b:dl t~ illltitutcd, ;md. j( NTwUetion.
th It authority dcdde$ that th!;)' ,1..111 be institulecl before;l Court.m.1rti.I, to direct
lhat lht :l~{1 persOll 51m1l be detained in military custody.
7', (1) Whell :I cril1lin,,1 Court ha\'inl: jurildiclion is 0( opinion lhal Po-er of
proc~'t;dinga Olliht to he instiluted hefore itself in re~reet o( fill}' ,Ueaed offence, c~mlllil
it rna)', hy written notice, require the pmcribed military authoril)' ", its opllon ~~It,'
either 10 deliver O\'Cr tbe offender 10 the neare81 ltaJ,lidrate to be proceeded ~~I\'~\' of
;l~ain'l accordiul: to law, or to postpone proceedinp pending a reference to the ""elICk,,
P,'."idenl (If the ("nion.
eZ) In every !iOCh case the said aotboril)' shall cither deli\'cr ont the offender
in colllplian.;e with the reqlli~ition or ~hall forthwith rder the q~ioll as to the
CJurt before which the prOC\.-ec.lings are to be instituted (or the determination of
the President or the l:nion. wb~ order upon web rcference shall be. final.
71. (Il NohdthstaDding ill}1.hin)! contained in the Burma General Clauses Trial by
Acl, or in slion 403 of the Code of CriLninal l'rocedure, a penon c:ormcted or Court-
aCtluitted b)' a Courlm:lrtial may be afterwards tried b}' a criminal Court for the martial
a~lne offence or on the 5.1111e beta. :~r~ t
12) I( a person ~elltrnced b)' ;1 Courtnmtial ill pur~u;lIIcc of llii. Act to tri.d b~ II
punbhmellt for an ollence ill afterward. tried by a crimillal Court fo' lht: samc crlllIinal
oflence or OD the liamt: fads. that Ceurt ~ltlll, in awarding: J~lIilihmcllt~ have CWfl.
re~d to the milit:ur punishment he nlay alrcauy have undergone,

PI1V1II'S of eo.m..M#II1.
7 J. A ,enerod or wXlIn:uy JZellCnl Coart'Q1Irlial mall h&\'e PO"'cr to try Po-a,'cr, 01
allY persoll loubjcct 10 lhi::. Act for all)' caence made ~anisb . . ble t1lcrein aad 10 CeJlCTal_
pass an}' SClltCllO;e auhorilC::d
.by, this Ac,t "",",lMy
,meral
co.rt,
Dlattial.
73, ,\ district Courtmafti~1 sh"n ha\c power to try aD}' persop subject to thl. p~ of
Act other than "n OffiCf'f lor anr oUellet. made puni"ltablc therein. aud toPti~ any dlll,kl
U'I~tcll~ authorized by this Act otl,ler th~n a sentcnce of death, Of transportation, =~I.
or Impn!tOnment for a term cxecedmlil: lwo )'e:J,f!l :
l'rOt'iderl lhat" rli.trict CIMM't-marti:l1 '-hall not award a "'arr:l'" oftiooer a.y
Ilunishment other Ih"n thc JNnisbmcnts 'FCCilitd in daUlt's U!), 'U) and (l) of
I ~b1.mutcd by tbe t:aiaa ... 8tl.11II& (~ptatiod' Ww'' Order. 1M.
 26
section 43 or, tither in :l.ddition to (.r in substitution for aoy such pUIll~hmellt the
Vtmi~hmt\lt ~pa:iticd in danse fJ) or :he punisbmcnt .pccilietl ill o.:l.1u)(: If} 0)( that
section,

Ofl"tltl:tI
74. A SUlllmar}' Courl-1l1:utial nay try all}' offence pUlli~lMhle ulluer ally
l.iablt by of thc provbiC'lls o( III is Act:
IUlII,llitty Pro\'iucd that whell thcre is nO s:r.l.l"c re:tSOll (or iUUllCdi"tc a.clioll, and
"""rt
l\\ilfli,,1. refl;l\:llce can witbout lletnlllent 10 diM:iplil.c be made to tbe oflj,;(T cmpowcl ed,
lo COllvellC a tlislrk1 Courl-lI\arti.l1 or on adin scni"e a summ]I1' ~t'lK:ral Court-
m:trtial (or the trial of tho.: alle;:ed offclldr-l', an offil;;cr boldiuJo:;t llumnmrr Court-
martial shall lIot II")' withtllt suo.:h rderent' any of lhe follo\dllg offellces,
11.1mely:-
raj au)' oUellCc pu\li~hable under steliolls 25, li, clauses fa), (b) or ld, JJ
or ,H. or
Ib) an}' olfeno.:c a~inst (IIC oAicer hulllillg lhe Court.
Perl,:m, 7S. A sumnnl')" Courtmill'tial mal" try any person ~ubjecl to this Act and
lri~bk b>" \lllliet thc I,;QMlll;llld of the offi~cr holdillQ; Ibe Court. ex~ept all officer or warrant
liullllliary officer.
l:O,1r.Id-
lIl.Lrti..L

S!.:ntcn.:" 76, A summary Court'lIlarli,ll IIl:l}' pass all)' sellience whicb o.:an be p.tssed
awardabk under lhis Ad, cxo.:ept il scutence (If ,Ie;lth or lranspo11illioll , or 01 iltlpriaOllllleut
lIy IUlIIluaq fOI" :t terlll cx~eedinu one rear,
Cl,IU.l.
martial.

77. At eVCt')' gener;c.l. dislrid or summ.1fY gCllcul Courlmartial the :iCnior

IlIembcr shall sit as president.
Ju,J,~ 78, ~VCI'}' gener,,1 Court-martial shall. ami C\'ery district [or SlInm!llr)'
AII"'l(:at(. J..'tllcral)' rourHlI<lrlial 1ll;IY. be attended h}:I. judIe at!HM:ah:. who shall I-e dlher
all C'fficcr belolll:ing 10 the dePill'tment of lbe Jndie Ad\'l,Jl:lte Gcnt'r31 [0'
the Honn"l Yorccs,l' or. if 110 SIICIt ofiiC'-'I' is a\"ailable, a per:>Qll appointed by thc
wn\-enilllt officer,
7', i,< 0;. (0 (I

It. (I) At all trials by J.:el\~al, ,Iistrid or sUl\1nury ~ener,d l:oarls-rnarlial

as f')On as the Court is assembled, tbe Il1l1les of the presidellt ami members ~hall
be: fi":kl. moer to thc aco.:usctl, who ~lJallthereupolI be ;t.~kell1\-hether he ol-jrch to
btitJ.<: tried b)' any officer silting on the Court.
IZI If.lhe ae(lU5I:tl obj!lcts to :Ul)' such oAi,;er, his ohjedion, and also' the
reply therelo of the offil:er objected to, shall be he3rd and recorded, a\1d the
retnaininlt officers of tbe Court sball. in the a1J!,enu of the challenged olftCer,
decide on the objection_
OJ If the ohjedion is allowed b}' onch,1( or mon:. of tbe \'ol("$ o( the olficcr~
entitled to vote. the objection ~b;(11 be allowed, and thc memlx:r objected to shall
rctin', amI hh V"J,Glnq may be filled in the prescrilxd manner b)' anulher o!licer,
subjc,;1 10 the same ri!tllt of the :u;eusetl to obje.:t.
(4) Whell no ch;lllen~e is made. or whell eh31len;:c In!> beell Ill.ttle ami db
aUowcd, or the I'l:tCC o( t:\'cry officer sucoesslull}' d12Ucl1~etl halt ~en filled b)'
alJOtht1' officer to whom no objection is made "I' :lIlo\\-ed, the Court sball procd
with Ihe Irb!. '
I 11lserld by A.I X\'I1,l~J.
S"I"Ululcd ib'''.
 2'
8.1. ill Everv dedsioll uf " Courl'llul'lial shall be p,lssed by ;\11 absolule ruling of
majority (If votcs .i ~lJ{llI'here thc!'c is :111 equalily of VvtCl1 as 10 either liudinlJ or IIIClllber.
SClltt:ll~C. the I!eCISIOIl slnJl be ill favour of tile accused.
(2) [II l1lalte~s otlu:r tban:1 challen;.:e or lhe fintliun or sentence, lhe pn:sidenl
shall have a Q;lstllJ~ ,'olc,
82. All O:lth or aRirmalion ill lin.: PrCM:rilJ.etl form ,hall be adminiatered to O<ithl Qf
eyer)' member of every Court-martial ar,{! to the judnc :tdvoc,lle before the 'I'luhlenl
commer.cement of the trial. and
mCIUb!;:n,
83. Ev..:rr pel'SOn giving evideuee at a Court-martial shall be namined 011 0.111111 of
oath or ,\ffirl\l:llioll, and shall be dull' sworn or :.ftinncd in the pn:scribed form. wilnCIlIU.
84, (l 1'1;c convenin~ OOk.cI, Lhe prtsidcllt of the Court. thc judl:e advocatc, SUll1lll<>Il;nl:
or the cOllllllaudingofficer of lhe accused persOll, lllar, by summons under his .'lhll'lK'
lI.lId I'TO-
hand, require I!IC atlt'lldml\:c, ,II a time aud place 10 be menlioued in Ihe dudion ul
summons. of ,illY persoll either to ~ive e"iJellce or 10 ploduce any doeument or documenl
olher tiling.
(11 In the case of a witness ailltllahic to military autllorit". Ihe summons
shall be sellt tu the oflicer commanding the corps, depntment 01' delalcllmclIllo
which he belongli, atld such oAlcer shall serve it upon him accordinglr.
UJ III the case of any other witness, the summons sball he sent to the
Magistrate within whose jtlrisclietion he mar be or reside. aud stlch Mal:islrale
shall "rive effcclto the sumlllons as if the willies:. were rcljuircll in lhe C(lurl of
such ~la~i~h'alc,
(4) When a witness is rClluircc.1 to ~t"oduce allY particular dOl.:umcnt or other
thill;:: in his possession 01' power, till: summons shall describe it with cOllvenicnt
certainty.
IS) NothillK in thissCClion shall be deemed loaffecl the Evidence Act,sections
12J and 124, or to arpl,' 10 :IllY letter, postcard, telegr-ollll or o\h~r document ill
thc custody of the posl.,1 or telcJ.[rliph authorities.
(6) If any document in sucb custod~' is, ill the opinion of any Di:.trict
Ma:.:i~tr:tte. Hi,qh Court or Court of ~essiull, wanted lor II:e purpose of any l:ourt
m:lrtill. such )Ia~istrale or Courlmar retltlirc Ihe pOSlll! or trlcJ:"rapb authorilic!:I,
a:. the case may he, to deli"er !:IU\:h document to such perSOli as such Magistrate
or Court may direct.
(i) ) f any such docnment is, in the opinion of any olher AJ:I!:islrllle or of any
Conun;ssiollcr of Pulice 0:- DistriclSupcrintemlelll of !'olicc, wanle{l for ;my ~uch
purposc,.lJe nwy fC\]uirc llie postal or tcJegl';lph llutlJOrilicl>, ili the t-a~e m~l)' IJe,
to e,IU~C search to he li\aJc for ;UJd to detaill such (!ocumenl pcndinathc orders of
all}" such District Magistrate or Court.

85. (1) Whenever. in the course of a lrial br Cocrt'lII<lrlial, it appe'JfS Lo thc Commi..
51olU.
Courl th;ll the ex.tmination of a witnesli is 1ll..,,;esSIr} for the euds of jllytiCCt and
that lhe attendance of such witness cannol he pf(;)Cured without all amount of
delay, expense or inCOll\'elliellce which, in the circllmstanct;s of tile case, would
be ullreasonabk. such Courl nlay address the Judie Ad"ocalc Gener...1ill order
that a commission 10 Like the eviJcnce of such witness m.IY be bsued.
(2) The JuJge ,\dyocate General Ulay Ihell, if he thinks "eces~;lrYI bsue a
eofluuissioll to :tn,- District MaJ!:is~rale ot' Magistrale of the ~r!>l cl..u, "'ithin the
10000allimit~ of whose jurisdiction ~uch witness resides, to lake the evidelll:e of
such witness.
(Jl ., ..
14J The M lAislrale Clf oDicer to whom the: commission is issned. or, if he ill
the District Magislrate, he or such lhaislrate of the first class as he appoints in
this hehalf, shall proceed 10 the place wht.re t~e witne~s is or aha!) llUmmon the
witness htfore him and sll;l.lI take down hiS CYldence 111 the same manDcr, and
 28
m~)' for this purpose ei~reise the same powcrflo as in trials of warrant c,\ses umler
the \:o\le 01 Crimilral Procedure.
IS) +
(6) When the wilness resides out of the Union of Burma, Ihe ..:~m\lnis~ion
may be issued to [an)' consul;u' officer, or other offldalj! comJ)Ctent 10 ,u.lmillislcl'
all 0.11h Of aOirll1atioll ill the place where such \\itnus reside,;,
17) The prosecutor and tile accused pcrsc:n in :lily ease in which a commis~ioll
is issued nl<l)' respeclh'el)' forward au)' illte~tori ..' S in writill"-: which the
Coort may think relc\'allt to the issue. and the MaJ,:isll':1le or ollkcr t(. Wh0111 Ihe
cOlluuissioo is iSiUed Sh1t1 cx;lminc the witness upon SUdl interrolofoltories,
{a} The pro~cutor amI the ac.cused pl..'fson Ina)' appear befOl'"~ such .\Lotgi:.trale
or ollicer hr pleadcr or. except ill the case of an :lIxl,lstll perSOll in custody, in
person. and n"l)' exoLlllinc. cro~-eX-'\llline and reexamine (as the case Inl)' bel the
sail! witncss,
(9) After any commission issucl1 under this srelioll has been dul}' executed,
it "1Ihall lx: retufllell, together with the dr-pasHioll of the wilness rXOtmil1ed
lhereunder. to the Jt1U~C AcI\'O\:,uc Gener.11. ,
"llo) On receipt of;\ ~oml1\is"iiol1 ,lud (!cposition rdlilll~d undrr ~lIh:.edi('1l
\91, the Jlldgc ;\dvot.:'lle Gellcral sh<lll forward the 8:l111t" to 111(' Court ilt wllose
instauce the ~omll1is~ion was isilled or, if such ('01U"1 h<ls been di~li01Vl'd. 10 allY
other Ct'nrlt.:oliY('lIed for the trial of the a,'cuscd person; a1l(1 the c('nltnjs~ion,
the rdnrn thereto and the deposition :lhal1 Ix Ol)Cn 10 the inspectiou of the
pro:<eculor :md the accused "erson. and mar, subject 10 all illst ~:'(ceptions, be
re:d ill evidence in the case h)' either the pros<cutM or the accused, :1IIt! sh.'lll
fOlm part of the rrocecdill~s of lhe Court.
111) In C\C\'l' c.,1.se itl whicll a commission is issued unulT Ihis sediol1 UIl!:
tri \l llI;1y be adjourned for a spedlietl tirlc reasonably sufficicut for" the execution
allli rdUMI of the commis:.ion,
E.rtlalldl,oll.-III :his sc:clioll, the c:XlJf(Ssiou" Ju(lge Ath'Ol:.Ile ft<:nen.l"
llK:aU$ lhe Jullge :\t1\"oc.'lte General of llie Bunna Forces. ,lI1d includes;\ Dcpuly
)u(lgc AtI\'O":;Ue Gcllt~ral.
COIl\-iction 86. (JJ A person dm.:ed before a COllrl-m;trlial with desertioll may be
ofolle {oulIlljtuilt}, of attempting to desert or of beill': ah::.ent without leave,
",tnte \2) A pcrsoll cll;lr;.!elll~forc a Conrt-marti;d wilh atttmpting to t[Cllert nl;IY
I',,;nniiblt
011 ~'hul:t he found !til illy f .. f I of lIt.inJ[ abscnt withcul lean:.
of an"tbtr, (3) A persoll chal"Jtcll btfore a Court'lliarthl with ,til)" of the fl,l1owill~
offen..:es :.pccilied ill sectioll JI, that is to sar, theft, dishonr-sl miS:lrprol"riatiolt
or'coll\'t:rsioll to hi" OWII tI~C of properly entl'uskd to him, or clishone>lly rel'eivin~
Of rel.'linin~ propertr in rcspect of which any of tile aforesaid offence.> has beCII
l::olllll1iued knowing or h,u-ing reasull to l'oelic\e it to h;nc Men stolen or
dishonestlr mislpproprilted or COnvertcd, may be found Muilt,. (If .mr other of
th~ o(((l\I::et with whieh he might haTe b:'Cn cbaf',:ed"
(.#) " pcrwn ch;tf}:etl hdorc ;I Court'lllartial with an u!Tcl1I:c runishabte
under sedion -II m;l\- be fount! ~uilt)- of an)' other OITC1\I'e of which he nl;/:ht
h;a...e hceu (Qullli gui"lty if the pro\-isions of the Code of Crimill;ll Procedure were
applk:lble.
151 A p..:1"t"1I charged hcfore a Courtm,1l1ial with any othtr offence IIn*r
tins .\d 11I,1), UII failurt l,f l'lf'OOf of an of(ellce ha\"ing l'ten t:M1Imitteti in
cir';t1m,,13IlctS ilwoh-il1;'::l more se\"(~re punishment, be found !!uill)' of the same
offence a~ hadnp: loeen l'ommitlcd in cir":lIlnlitancrs im'oll;inlt a It'~:l severe
I'tmidllllrlli.
Substilt:led br Iht ll11ion of Uorma (,\d~pt~tion "" 1..;\11"'1 Ordtr, 19~$.
r 1"~~llcd bl" ,\tl X\'II, 19-43.
I Ddctcd by .~t X.'iX, II}U.
 29

(6) A j'>er:fOn chall(~d before a Courtmartial with any offence unckr this Act
lila}" be found lo:uiHy of hadna altempttd to commit or of abelment (If that
offence althou~h Ihe attempt or abctmellt is 1I0t seva-rately chall.<ro.

87, 1\0 st'lIlentlc of l!eath shall be p:tued h)' 3n)' Cottrtm:utial without Ihe lob}orftf
Cnllelll"rell\~ of twotllirds at tilt' le"st of the members of the Coon, rc'llll,ilt 10
unltnreuf
dutll.
Etli1/u" hi/1m C'I/lr/smortiaf.
81. The ETidrllce Act shaU, suhject to tilt (lrnl'isions of this Ad, al'i'll)' to nil IJtnn;ll rille
proccluill).!S befort a CClllrtlIlllrda1. utne\j.
dcnce,

89, A c.;onrt.marti,llllla)' lake jmlicialnoliee of an)' mailer within the general Jlldkial
militarr kllowled.l:e 01 Ihe members, Il,~it:c.

90. In :til)' proceeding \luder thi" Aet. an)' applicatioll, ctrtilicatt, \\'arr~l1t, t'rtSllnlr(ion
reply or other dOCtlllltlit purportin& to toe ~i).!lled lo)' :I.n ClnicC'f in lhe chil or at to ,jilt'
,,;l.t\lr~.
llIililar~' Kr\'ice of the GU\'nnmtnl shall, (Ill (lrt'dlll'lion, he prt"Sllmcd to hlwe
!.)eell dlllr ~ig:ncd h)' lhe person and in the ch:'lu...1 er b)' wllClm and in which it
purports to h:H'C tJu siglltd, IIntilth~ controlI')' i!\ tihown.

91. A.ny cnroiment p.1pCr pu.tp<lrlillJ,( 1(1 he sil:lltd t'lyall enroUin.:: oOkcr s!\;tll,
in proct'edin~s under this Ad, he e\'il.lellce or the pe:l"$On enrolled h:winif l:i\'Cn
the :mswert LO qll('),lic/fiJ;; which he is tllerein rel'll'e5l,'nttd ll.~ hafinlo! en-i'll, The
r"lIrolrnent of ~lIch persou nl1)" Ill: vroyed by the pt',Jduction of :I eo~' or hi!\
1,'1If(.!mentl"aper l'lllrporting 10 he eerlilicd to ht:l truc ,OP)' hy thc onil:er ha\'ina
the l:uJ;;looy of lh~' turolment JlO\per,

9U. II) ;\ kth'r. retnrn or o~l.er dcxumtnl resj'lCdinl: the ~rvice of :lU), I'rtJlunrtlon
pC'non in, Or the di..miss:l1 or di!l....h;lfj!e of all)' person from, an)' portion C.r Ihe ;l.i tu (ertalll
.1l.1nna FClr~'CS, or respecting the circunul:lIlcr or :lny Ilrrson not havin/: sen'td in, dorllln~nh,
or I'Ielon~rd 10, any pfll'lion of Ihe Blirlila Jo'orc~J;;, i( plirporlilll: In he siantd h)'
01' (Ill hehaH of the Pre"idcnt of Ihe Union or il)' :lny rr~scrit'led oftker, !lh:lll he
e\'irk'nce of the hd~ sl:ll('cl in ~\Ich It.Utr, return 01' other document,
12; An :\rmy Li!ll (lr G,lletie plll'llOl'lill~ 10 he pllhli!lhtd b)' authority shall
he CVillclll'C of the !l1:ltus :md r:lnk of the ollicen or \\':lrr:lllt oflicers the-rein
mcnlinll('d, :lml of any appointment htld h)' ~llch officers or w:lrr:lnl otlker!> :Iud
of the corP'l, hillalion or ann or hr:l11ch nf Ihe ser\'ice 10 which slleh oltkcf!I or
\\';lrt:lnl oftit'ers helon).!.
!SI Where:J record is made.in an}' reaimenlal book, in pursuance .. ,r this Act
(lr Clf anr nllu n\,1c1e thereunder or Qtherwise in pursuance c.f military' c1t1h', ;lnd
PIlrp..1rts 10 I", ~iJ,!ned by the comm;lIlding onicer or br the offIcer whOle dllt), it
is 10 m;.l.:e sllch rC'COrd, soch rt'Conl shall be C\'idence or the fact!> therch)' slaled,
(4' A COPY nf :tn)' record ill :mr re;:inlenl;ll book pUrportin,l(l be Ctrtilicd to
he:J tmC' c.)p)" Ill.' the oOic~r ha\'illi the CllsltXi, or such booL: $h,,11 be e.idcn(~
of such record.
(3) Where :til)' person Jollhject to thi, Act i~ being tried on "c:h:u'lZeof d~r.
lion or of ahsence without I~a\"l', :'lnd such person lias )urren<kred him..qlf illto
the CU~IOlI~' of, or ha~ been apprehended hr, a prol'OSt.m:lrshal, a"sislanl prov"""t.
OI:lrshal or Nller officer. or an)' pOrtion of the Rllcm:1 Fcr~ a cerli6C1le pllr
pnrtinJ,t to be ~iJ!ued hy sneh prn\'ost.manhal, :Js!list:mt provosl,m:lnh21 or other
ofticer, ne hy the enmmandinc officrr of tb:lt rorHon (If lhe Bllrma For('e~ and
!lhlinJ.t the (act, date :In~ place of such 'luTenrler or apprehension, shall be
e\'iclence of the Ul3tters so stated.
 30
(6) When any peBon subject to this Act is being tried on a dJarge of deser-
tion or rf absence without lca'-e, and such re~on has surrendered himsC'lf inlO
the custody of, or h:ts been apprehended br, a policcofficer not ~Iow thc rank
of an officer in clmrl:(e of a police-station, a certificate purrorlipR: to be ~it:ned br
snch rolice-oAicer, i\nd Slating the fact. date ancl place of snch surrender or
:l.pprehtnsion, shall bt e,'idcllct of the matten so st:l.tt(l.
(i) Any docllment pur!'lorting to !'Ie a r('port IInder the hand nr anr Chelllie:tl
Examinrr nr ASJi~t;ml Chtmical Examiller to GO\'ernment upon :tll~' malt('!' (lr
thing dllir sllhmitle<lto him for u:ullinalion 01' :l1lalysis :md rerort m:lr "Ie IIseel
a~ evidence in any p,.oc~dil1J:( under this Act,
Hclerenee by 92, (J, If at :tny trial for desertion, abzence without leavt, ovetslarinJ:( lea\'c
ae,'used to or not rejoining when warued lor sen'ice, the perSOli tried states in his defence
(;lWernm~nl
"ni..er, au\' znilideut or reasollahlc l ..~ClIse ior his unautho!'izcd ahclll-c, ,lIll1.'efers in
snppur( thrn:of to any oOicer ill lhe civil or military scrvice of the: Gorernmenl,
or if it apPt'ars that anv such orti.:er is likel\' to pro\'e or dispro\'e the said ~tate
menl in the defence, 'the Coml shall addnss such ofticer and adjourn tmli\ltis
replr is received.
IZt The written rep1r of any orticer so l'derred to shall, if sir;!ned h~' him, be
I"e~'til"ed iu evideuce antI h:,\"e the same efleet:ls if madt all f';lth hefore lhe Cnllrt.
Ul If the Court is di~sol\'ed helnr!' th~ receipt of ~\ldtIT~I~ .. or if Ihe Court
onlilS to ("O1ll1"1.\' with the I'rovisi(ln~ of thi~ ~ectiont Iltt' con"eninA oflker ma~', at
his di~cretioll, annul Ille procetdin!ts and order a fresh Iri;ll by the sallle or
another Courtmartial.
F,\'idener of 93, (J) \\'hen an~' person sUbltCI to this Act ha~ heen cOlwided by a Court-
l,rrd,~ m:trlial of anr oftencr, snch COlll';-m:lrlialmar illCjuil'e into, and recei...e and rtCord
,"\n\""li')Il~
and lrnrral
e,'idem;:e of, an~' vre\'ir 11S comictiollS of snch person, either hy a COllrt-I\l:lttial Or
..hara,kr, hy a criminal C(lurt, aUll may {llrtlt.:r inquire into and recort! the ~cneral character
o( ~lIl,'h pt-rSOll, ;I\lcl slll::h olher matt~M: as may he rre~crihed,
(2) ":\'itlence rt.cei"tll under thi'\ ~rdion 1lI:\}' be either ol":ll, 01' in the sllM~
C'f rntries in, or l"el'tilie\\ e~tr3cts from, Courl-martial hooks (.r otlter oftkial
records; and it shall not he n('cesf:,'lr~' to r:lI'e notice hefore trial 10 the rtrSon
tried llut \'l"i'.lel1\'e a'\ to his pre\'j0us \,om;ctions or \'h'lracte,. willioe re,;chrd.
(3) At a summar~' COtlrtmal'tiallhe officer holding lhl." trial may, if he thinks
fit, f,("ol',1 ;\1\1' rre,;obs com'icliolls a~ain~t the offen(lrr, hi.. gencral dlaracter,
:md ~ud. other matltl"'\:1'\ nu\' t>e prescri!'led, as 01 his o\\n kno\rlec!~r, insttad
of re'juiriuj.! ihl'm to he PI'o\'cn untler Ihe foregoing prcwhions of tlii~ section,

COIl/irllllltion (",II RftlisiOll of Fin.lirlgs (wd Sfflllllas,

Flnllinll :md 94. No finrlinA or !lenltnee or a gener:tl nr l!islrict Courl-lI1arti.l1 ~h:l.ll toe
. senlrnre
in\alid \':llid cxcept so f:'lr a~ it ma~' he confirmed as provicled !'I~' Ihis Act,
wilhoul
eonfinr.aUon
"ower 10 95, The fmdillCs :mc1lelltences oi general Courts-rn:trtialll1:l..\' be confirmcd
\:onlirlll h~' the Pre,ideut (,j Ihr rnion, or h.l' any officer tmrO\\trec1 in this hehalf hy
filllling and
Srnlrlltr ,,f warrant 01 the Pre~ident 01 the linion.
lrnrl3l
l:onrt-
manial.
POlI'er Iv 9', Tnr fillclin::s :Ind stnltnu.'\ of district romls-martial may he confirmeel
confirm b~'
any offiC'cr h:n'inl,l: power to C1nV~l1e 1 j.(f'l1flral Conrtm:l.l'li:l.l, nr hy anr officer
fiIIdi,,:: and empowerecl in lhi:; belmlf hy warrant oi any such oAker.
-.entnee oj
di~tfirl
Courl-
Ulvtlal,
 B"rIUD ArlUy. 31
97. A walTant i!\Sued under section 9S or sectioll 96 nla)' ..:ontain such Conttnl_of
testriellOI'I, n:sen'atioll& (It l:oll<litiolll liS Ihe offi("~r isstlinlt it "lay think fIt. 'l'lr,.nl
I..ued under
4e.:tlun \1$
nr ~fClion 96-
N_ (Il The flR<ling and sentence (I{ 3 ~lImmal"Y ltenet:!.1 Cnm1.m:atial ~llall ..'nnll1l':lllnn
of fond,nl!
rtqlli!'t' to he conl;I'ml'd hr the ronvening (lftker nr, i{ the (''(In\''eninc flfti .. u sn .ntl tonlItnee.
'direl'ts, hy an authorily ~l~rior to the roln-minl!: rn\'M.'er-
In) in the C:\S( or the trial of 2111 olkel',
(II) in tlt~ case of an :l.cqllitl:1.1 or a sentence nf death (lr tl'2onsrorblion or
imprisonment for a term tlcetdinz two re.1rs, and
(d iu :lnr olher C':\~ if ~o ordered b)' the coD,t'nin~ ollictr.
(ZI Save :as prO'"idl'1l in snh-srctit-n fI), a senlenee rOl~l('d ttr a snmmarr
~eller:lll\'lIrt'lIlarti;11shall not rCtluire to he l:onflflMd, but m.1r he l'arrietl oul
fmh,,-itb.
99. Snbjt('t 10 Inch restrictions 3S mar he contained in aar warr:ml is~ned I",..-tt of
f(l,nr"mln~
\mller sertinn 95 ('Ir ~rli(ln 90. a C(ln61'l1l;1ll.! of'iit'er may, when cOlllirmill~ Ihe nflXfT to
senlence of a l.:ourt,marti:I, mil~l!ate or I'emit lhe 1'Illli.hmrnt Ihereh)' ,I\\',\r(!cd, milit: 3lt,
or commute that )1llnishmel,t {or :my lesl J'!.lI1i,hment or Ililnishtn('nis to which Iht Ifllli! lIt
nff('nder might ha,'(' Ilten ~enten('...d tty tht Court.lllartial : \'"ml1l11tt
.rnlrn'fL
Provi_led Ibal a stotence of lran~porlation Sh.1U 1I0t he cnn1l1111tcd ((lr a sen
lence of imprisolllllent for it tenn elC(t-dillA: the lerm 0( trllliport31ion :Iw.lfded bl
the Court,
MAo Whtn :ttl)' Pt'nt"1'1 IUhjf'ct to this Act i~ trie:' ami Sf;nlelK"rrl hy Court C>n"m.llt'ln
marlial while on he'lud ship. the Iilulins: and ~lIteoce !Ill (ar a' ncll-on61med allli ot .;lKIjll~
:II"! M'DlnK"e
e:ceclltcd on hmrd ~hiJl mal' IIf' rontirmed ;lncl excclllecl in litr m:tnner a~ i( !inch 1* b.-.ard
ptT~ 11:1<1 ht<'11 tritd at 11k- port or
disemh,1rb,tion.
I'" ~lil"

(1) Ao)' fllldin~ or ~nlenct or:l. Conrtmarti II whidl rt'llllirt." coof.rm. jk,l.kotI 01
alion may he oncc re\-i~lll)- orckr of the conlinllill~offierr ; and Oll !iuch rcvi~ion. ~Imn. filidinJ;: ....
lht Conrt, if ~ directed by him, mar t:tke addiHonal e\'jdenet,
(1) -nle COllrt, on re\;sion, shall consi~t of the ~1me olliccr~ "" were pre~tftt
when the oriltinal decio:.ion \\':\5 plS!ltd, linItis :ln~' of those ofticcrs are nlla\'oidahl}'
:lh~lIl.
(3)In case of ~lIch nn:l\'oid:tblt abs,nc(' the canle Ihr.l"rof shall h.. ,lulr
cerlifled in lhe procetdinUs, and the_ Cnurt shall rroceed wilh the r... \-i~ion,
{pro,-hled lhat it con~isls (I{ not less Ihan till: minirumll numbtr of (lAke"
~scrihed h) lhi~ Act.] ,
-1'1. The 6l1dio& :Iond stntenct of a smntnary C)IIrtllurti:l1 ~h:111 not require F1IMIinC :lnd
t('l he conlirmed, hut nlil}' be crried Ollt (ol1l1\\;th: ....,t~of
lIUII._n'
Prorided that, if the officer holdill~ the trial h <>lIes. than 6'-e rears'lena. CO"ll1 -
he ~hall not, t'llctr' (In actin sen-~ I C1IT)' into tffect au}' sentence unlil it h3. maTlia!.
rectived the !Ippro\'al of Ihe [Geller:tl Oflieer CommandinJ!, Burma AJ'IIl}, 01" of :tn
offictr comnl:l'ulill~ not 16~ than a corpt-l '
lU. "It pro<:ttuin::;s of tvtTY lumnuf)' Court.martial shall \\ithollt dcI3~' Tranlnliaolootr
!;le forwarded 10 the-ofticer eommandin~ the di"iJiOll l't hrWde within which the ln~.",ocerd.
of
f.
trial wal held, or to tlte prescrihtd officer: :!.oll !llich (I~ker, or the (G<'neral "'l1Imln-
OOicer Comm:lnclln4, Burma Arnl\'l or the oOieer commanding the ann)', or arm}' CoIln,.
corps in which the trial was heM,1 ma\', for reasons !;la~ nn Ihe merits o( the marUat.
ca.se, !;lut not 011 My ffiuely tecllnical ttr('lIllc!!i, set aside Iht: rrocuc!ln.s or
rednce tht: !It'ntrnce to any other ~nh'nc~ which the Courl mlJt!lt han pa5~d,
I Sub51ilutfll by ActoX\'U, 1943_
 32 Burma AnllJ',

S111>.l-li1111iton I .03, (I) Wbere a finding of guilty by a Courlmartiah which has been
of a '"a1id conlirmed, or which does not reQuire confirmation, is found frn' any reason to be
lilldilll.: or
sentenl'e illVotlid or cannot iJe supported by the e\'idellcc, the authoritr which would have
fOT anin\'alid had po\\'er under section 112 to conlMute the punishment awarded by the
fillllin~ OT sentence, if the finding had heen v"dlicl, mal' snhstitute a new fin<!in.:, if Ihe new
senltnCe, linding conld have been ralidly made br the (;onrlm:lrti:ll on the charge and if
it appears that lhe COllrt-martial must have heen aatis6ed of thr. faels eslablishinl!
the offence sprcified or inmh"d in lhe new jindin~, and may p1SS a sentence for
the s:lid offenC(',
(2) Where a sentence passed by a Courl-martial which has hr.en confirmed,
or which does not reqllil'e cOl\lirmation, not btinR a sentence p:'lssed ill pursll:l.nce
of a ne\\' lindillll substituted undcr sub-se~liol\ 0), is f0\l1ld for anr re:'lson to he
illvalid, the authority which \\'ou\(1 hil\'c had po\\'t'r llIl(kr section 112 to comniule
thc l'unislLmelit awarded by the sCl1lenCl' if it had OCClJ v;llill Itlay pass ;1 \'alit!
selll~IlC<'.
(J) The punishmenl awarded hy a senlence plssed under ~uh-secliol1 (I) or
sllh-stctioll C2,1 shall nol lx' hil!her in the scale of punishmenb th"n, or in e~ce~s
of the pl1llishm~nts ,m':lr<!cel hr, the senlCllCr. for which a lIew sentence is
Sl1h~litlited und,,!' th~ !';ellliflll,
~ (4) Any lilidinJ,! sllh~titnl~cI, 01' an~' sentenc~ p.1sst<l, imeler Ihis ~e(",tioll shall
fell' the purposes of thi~ Act and Ihe rult's made thl'l'tI11ldf"l' h,we toffeet a~ if it
w~rt' a lindin~ 0\' sentence, as the ~se mar be, of a Court-m:l1'tial.

Provision in I'JA. '1) Wheuen:c, in Ihe COnri'C of 3 trial by Conrt-marli:ll, it 31lptars 10

lhe C,l~e of Ihe Conrt that the per!\On charged is of llllWlmd mine! and consequently ineap,1ble
aC\'II~cd
t'J.einl/ IUlIat,,',
of 1l1:lkinJ.! his <\deuce, or tint such person committ~d the act alle~ed but was by
reaSOIi of unsoundness of mint! inc.lp.lhle of knowing Ihe nature of the act or that
it lI',lS wrollJ,! or conlrary to law, the COlIl't shall recorel a fiudin" acccrclingly, and
Iht president of the Court or the oflicel' hoJ(lillg the trial, as the case may bl',
sh:lll forthwith report the e\~e 10 the eonlirmin~ onker, CIr, in lhe r:t~e of :l
Court-martial who~e linelinJ;: dots not r~qllire l'Onfirmalion, to the prcscrit-ed
orticer.
tll A conr.l'lnin~ Olikl'r to whom a c:lse is reporl~d under sllh-s,clion (l),
may, if hr. <Ines nOIl'onlirm tht" findin~, lake steps In ha\'C the accl1~ed person
11'it"clll\"'the ",'Ime or aMther Court-marti:l! for the offence whh which he was
ori~ina-Ily char~e(l.
(3) A prt'scrillec! Oft'ic"f to whom a'case is rep~rtl'!{1 nndtr snh,seclioll (I) :Illtl
a confirminJ,! orticer confwmiu" a IIlldiull in an)' l~asc so reported to him shall
OI'ckr the accused llerson to hc kept in custody in the presel'ihcd mauner, and
shaJll'eport the else for the orders of the Prcsh1ent o( the Unioa,
_ (4) On receipt of:t rep'I'1 under suh-section (3), the Prl'sillcllt of the Union
m Iy order lhe accilsed I'er~on 10 be detained in a lunatic asylum or other suibhle
place of 5o,fe custody.
(,;) Where an accused person, havinj:! been found hl' reasoll of Ilnsell1nrlness
of mine! to be incapahle 01 maldn/.!: his defenct, is in custody 01' 1Il1(1~r d"tentiol1,
lhl' prescl'ih~d (,8lt:er m:ly- .
(a) if sneh pcr;tClll is in custod~' under snb-;;ectioll 13), on the rcp01't oj:l
medical officer that he is capable of ul:lkil1~ hi" defence, or
(bl if snch person is tlelained lIndtr sub-section (4', on.., certificate such ,\S
is referred to ill section -17J of the Code of Crimilll! Procednre,
take steps to have snch per.:on tried by th<' s.1me or another Court,m:lrtial for the
offenc" with which he was originallr ehuged or, prodded that the offence is a
civil ollen~1 hr a criminal Court.
, Sd'<llluled It,' ,'d XX", 1941.
I AdJtd by .'d IX, 19-t~.
 B"rmQ Army,

(SA) Where any person is in custody, under sub-section (J) or under

detention under sub-section (4),-
(tI) if such pel'son is in cnslody under .s\1b-s~ction f.1), on the rreport of a
medical officer, or
(bl ii snch persnn i~ detained l1ucler suh-section (4), on n cel'lificale rrom
any of the anlhorities empowered to ,l!ral1t a certificate under section
47.l of the Code of Criminal Procc<lnl'e,
that, ill the judt.:mcnt of ~m::h officer or anthoritr, such Vtrson m.ay be rclul.sed
without dallj.(er of his doing injurr to himself Or 10 :Iny olher person, the President
of Ihe Union mar thereupnn order snch person 10 he rele,lsed, or 10 be det.1ined
in custody, or to be transfem:d to a. public lunatic ns},lu1l1 II he has not been
aln'ac1\' sellt 10 such an n~~lulll.
(5B) Where iln}" relative or friend of any person who is in custody under
suh'section (3) or nnder detention LInder sub-scetioll (4) desires that he shall be
ddivered tn his cal'e .1L1d cllstocly, the PI'c~ident 01 the Uni(ln may, upon the
applic:llioll of snch relati\'e or frielHl nnd {In his j.(ivil1~ sccnrity to the ~atisfacliOIl
of the Presidcnt of the Union thaI the persOIl delivered shall-
(a) be Ilropcrly takell care of and p:evented frOIll doin.'l injury to himself
or to aLlY other per~on, and
(M be produced for the in~pection of ~uch ofticer, and a.t sl1ch times and
pla.ces, .,s the Pre~;(lent of the Union may <lirect,
order snch persoll to he deli\'ered to such relative 01' friend.
(6 1 A copy of every order m;\de by thl: pl'cscribrd 'Ometl' uncleI' sub.section
(51 shall forthwith be ~ent to the Presiclent of the Ullinll.

CHAPTEU IX,

EXECl,;TION OF SI':t\l'Jo:Nca~,

104. In a\\'al'tllL1j.( a sClltcnce oi delth a CO~lrt-l\1arlial shall, in ils discretion, Jo'orm of

direct that the oITendl'r ~hall suffer (leatll by lJt'Jn,l! hanged by tile neck until he be lenl~n~of
(Iea(l, or shall snfftr death by hting shot to death, death.

105.
106. Whenever any person is sentenct(l limier Ihi~ Aet to trnnspartation or Ctlmm~nct
impri~OLlment, the lerm of mcnl IIf wn.
hi" sentence ~hall, whether it haft heen reviled or not, tcnl'~<>f
b~ re-:koned lo commence on the (hy on which the original procee,lin,l!s were Ir:m~l'(>Ita
signed hy the president or, in the case of a summar". COLlrl-m.utial, O}' the CO!uL Ii'''' or illlprl-
!ortmtnt.
1 107, (1) Whenever :lonr sentence of transportation is passed limier this Act EUCIIlioll of
or whencl"er a.ny senlence pa"sed undcr tltis Act is commuted to tranlportation, 'I( nl~lIc~ of
the l;omnuurlinlt ofiiCt:'r of the pel'SOn nnder sentence or such other orticer n~ mny t':lnII'OII:I-
lion lI1" !Ill-
be prescrihed shall fOL'w:tnl. a warr,lnt in the I're~crihe(l form lolhe officer in rri~onlll(nl,
chal'j.(e of the civil prison in which such Per~on is to he confined ancl shall
fOf\\;l.rd him to snch prison with the warrant.
(Zl Whenever anr sentellce of imprisonment ia J)asM'd under thi~ '\ct elf
whenevl"l' anr ~I'nten('e passed undlr lhis Art if! commuted to imprillOnmtnt, the
confirming officc", or in the case of a sentence whieh ({(In not ~ql1ire Confirma-
tion, the Con;t, Of i;, either case stich officer ;s may he prescribed mal' direct
either that the !entence shall! e carrie<l oul br confinement in acivil prison or hy

I Sub,lilukd by Ad XXV, 19<f~.

3
 34
confinement in a miliLv)' prison, and the conlmanding officer of the persall
under sentell~ or such olher officer as may be prescribed shall forward a
warrant in the prescribed form to the officer in charge of Ihe prison in which the
person under sentence is to be confined and shall forward him to such pri:son
with the warranl :
Provided Ihat, ill the case of a sentence of imprisonment for a period not
exc,edinlol tbrtc luonths, in lieu of a direction that Iht senlence shall be carTied
out by conlinClllcnt in a civil or a military prisun, a direction may be made thai
the sentence shall be carried out by coolinement in milihry custody:
Provided furl her that, on active service a sentence of imprisonment may be
carrietl oul by confinement in snch place as the officer oommandinl! Il\e forces in
Ihe field mOl}' from time to lime apl'lOint.
Ext,;"tion of 108. Whenever, in the opinion of Ihe [Generll Officer CommandillJ::, Bnrma
smltlw;e of Arm)" or 01 an officcr commandinlt an army, army corps, rli\'ision or indepenclent
iml'rilOll.
mcnl h' bril-!:lde.J' :lny sentell~ or portion of;l sentence of imprisonment c.1nnot, for spttial
Ipttial rea~ons, con\"C~llienll)' be camed out in accordance wilh Ihe provisions of section
c:l5t<. 107, such officer may direct that such sentence or portion of sentence shall be
~rrierl out by conrlOement in an}' civil prison or olher fit place.

OfImders ItaA. In every ease in which a sentence of transportation is passed under

ICntnl("ed W this Act, the offender, until he i~ tnnsporlw, shall be dealt with in tlte S<lme
tf;lMporta manner as if sentenced to ri~orous impdsonment, and Shlll be deemed 10 have
lion how
dealt wilh heeu under~oillg hi. sentence of transportation durin~ the term of his
.......
l.'1Itil tralll-

Communi.
imprisonment.
t .,. Whenever an order is c1uly 1n.1de lIoder this Ad seltinJt: ;\Side or ToU'}-.
aliun al ina: anr sentencc, order or warrant tinder which any person is confined in [a civil
certain or mililal1' prison,J' a ,,-arrant in aceordance with fuch order s!J;,lI be forw.uded
_no
ufdcn 10
chit I"i.-.n
by the pre~crihcd officer to the omcer in c1Jarllc of Ille prison in whidl such
pt'rson is confined,
Limil nl 110. In executing a sentence of solitary confinement such confinement
'olitar)' ~on. sh:lll in nOC:lSC cx..:eed fo'nrleen dars at ,1 time, with intervals between the periods
linclntnl.
of ~olilarr confincment of not len dllr:llion than sach periocl~, and, when the
imprisonment awarded excecds tl:r\'e months, the" solitary confinement shall not
exceed seven day:> in an)' one month of thc whole imprj~'lOment :l\\'arded, with
intervals between the ~riods of s~lit:lry con6nement of lIotless dUi.ltion Ihan
such periods.
lit. CI
I)l'calllOll 0( III \. When :l sentence of fine is impocd hy a Courlm:lrlial \tnder section
Iell.kl!,~ or '41, whether thc trial was held within the Union of Burma or nol, a copy of such
line. sentence, signed anrl certified by the presid~nt of th~ Court or the officer holdinR
tbe trial. :1$ the caselnay bt, mw be sent to any Magistrale in the Union of Burma,
:\nd snch Mal!:islrate shall thereupon cause the fine to be recovered in :lccordance
with Ihe provisions of the Code of Crimin:!! ProceduT"!: for the levy of fines as if
it wu a sentence of line imposedhy such Magistrate.
E,t.bl.~b.
s 1118. (l) The Presidenl of the Union may sel apa.rt any bnilditlS! or part
""'nl .1M of:t bllitdinJ:: or ;lny phct in the Union of Burma as a mililary pri~n for the
fC'JUblion 0( confin...ment of perSOll' 5CIlten~d to imprisonment under this Act <) II l l ' .

, S,,~ituted br Ad. X'llt. 1943.

t S"bslitattd by Act x.'(V~ 190.
IMtI1C'd by Act xxv, 1911
Deleted by the Union ol BliflN IAd.1pt~lion al LaWI) OrcIn', 194&.
 Ii) The President of Ihe Union rna" m.,ke rules providin$t :_ mililily
pritorlf,
(/I) for Ult government, mana).!tlllc1\1 and rtl:ublion of slIch milit;lrr
rrisO'I1!. ;
lb) (or the allpnintmtnt 2nd r~moV31 and powers of insP!dors, visitors,
!-1l\lCrinlclld"nls and offK:trs tlitrtof ;
e) for the hhour of prisonrfS Ilndc:TR,)ill~ l'onliurmenl t1lcr<in, and for
enablin}! persons 10 earn, ll)' sptti:t.1 indust'l' and }!ood conduct, a
remjs.~iOIl of a \'IOf"lion of thtir .>entcnce ; 2ntl
(iii for lhe safc Cthlud)' of prisoncrs and the mailllt1l2l1CC of (Iic;(ipline
amOIl!! lhclll and Iht; JIOnishmcnl, hy per5011.11 corrt'ction, reslrail1t
Gr olhcru'ise, of offcnccseommillcd hy pri!Olu~rl :
Pro\ided tInt. such rules shall not authorise cOl)W'lrnl plllliNllnell1 10 he
innicled for an)' nffenre nor render the imprisollment mnre severe than it is under
the law for the limt ~;nl! in fOfce relOttin. 10 civil rri$('lll'in the Ullinn of
Rurm;I,
(3) Rules made ulI.lcr thi~ seCli.,n may pro\'ide for lhe applie,"IUon to milil:tI1'
priMlI1S o( ;Ill)' o( Ihe r:o'lisious o( the l'riMns Act rdatin}! Ito Ihe dUli6 of
oOlcers "If vnSO;IS 2nd the punishment of rcrsons not pri~nC'n.

CHAl'TER X.
PAROO1'\!l Aim Rlltl!lSIO"'1
112, (IJ When 211y person subject 10 this Ad h:l~ tM:en convicted h)' :I l'nlQo1 Inti
,(',"injun..
COllrl-m:u1i:11 e,i allY oA'cnre. the Pre~irlellt of llle (lllion or. in lhe CIIS~ of a
~cuttIlCt: ""hidl he could h;l\'e (Olllirmcd or which did not rCI]uire contirmaliCJn, Ilhe
GClIeral Ollicer Comlliandinl-!, Bnrma Arm)'. or tht: ofllcer commal1din~ lhe nrmr.
armr corps. dil'j-inn or ilu!epelulenl hri~ade ill \\'hich !Inch J)Cl'5On:\1 lhe time.: of
hii cOIl\'ietion was sen'illRl ' (,r the 11rescrihed officer lllar.
(III' either \\'ithout condilioll11 or IIPOll :my conditiollt which the penOn
sentenced aco:epls, pardon the person or remit the wholc or an)' part
rf Ihe pnuislllnent Ilwardcd ;
(b) mitil-!ale the Pllliishmcnt aW;'Irdcd, or cOlllmute.: such pu"bhmcntlorall)'
le~!l pUllishment or punislinlrnts ment1CJlled in thi~ Act:
PJ'ovided tllat a ~elltence of Iranspol'!:Ilioli sll~11 not be cOlllmntecf for nun-
tence of imprisonment for:t term excecllin!t the term of transportation :ll\'arllecl
by Ihe Court.
III If any conrli:ion on which a l'l::rjOtl hi' b(:t:n ptrd,'necl ora JlIlllilhment
h;'t~ been r('milted is. in the opinion of the anthority which l-!f;tnkd the plrdoll or
remitted thl: Pilll;~lllncnt.llot fulfille I, llU-:!l illithoril)' may cancel the p.1rclon or
rcmii~iOll. illlclihereupoll the senl~nce of the Court sh:l1l he carried into effect AI
if soch p;tr,IOll bOld not heen I:ranted or sllch punishment had not l~ell remilled :
I'ro\'i'led th~t. in the case of a PeNOn sentenced to lransporlalion or impn!On.
menl, such person .Inllllndery:n onl)' the unexpred portion of Ilis 'enteonoe.
(JJ W,I.:.llIlltler Ihe provisions of section 49 a warrnnt officer or :l non
c)m.nis~i lned oAicer is deemed to be reduced to the r:anb, 'LX:h redaction shall,
for the plIrjnSCs of Ihis section, 'be trtated u a panishment alurded by sentence
of a Court-martial.

I SlbqiM~ br Ad XVfl, I04J,

 36 Bt/rflfa A.nN,.

CHAPTEK XI.
RUI.~s.

Power to au. (JJ The President 01 the Uui"n may make rules I for the pnrJlOse of
Illake rldel. carrylllj( into effect the pro'Vlsions of this Act.
(Z) In particubr, and without prejudice to the generality of tile {orCIlOlnll
power, such rules may provide (or-
tal lhe rem0V3I, retirement or discharge lrom Ihe strvice of persons
subject to this Act i
(6) the amount omd incidence of {ilKS to be imposed under seelion 21 i
(U) thl!specinc;ation of the punishments which IDa)' be awarderi as f)tld
punishments under .ections 20 and 4S ;
t,l tbcassembly and procedure of Courls of itJtluirr, and lhe admini~tra
tion of o.1lbs or affirmations b)' such Courts;
(d) the conveninll: and constitutinlt of Ccurllnwtial;
(e) the adjournment, dissolution and sillin!:s of Courtsm.,rti:lI;
V) the procedure to be observed in trials II)' Courts.m:lrtinl;
(I) the confirm,\tion nnd revision of the lin(lil1~'i and 5enlenees of Courls-
marthl;
(Ii) the canyil1i! into effect sentences of Ceurtsmartial ;
(11 the lorl\\s of orden 10 be m:\(l~ under the prc.villiolls 01 this Act retallllg
to Courts-marli31,trallsportalioll or impri:.onmt:l1t;
~111he constitution of autllorities to {ktide for WIHlt Ptt10JISt 10 what
amount~ and in Wh.1t mJoner. pl'O'rision ~hould be m;\de for
dcpend.1nts under section SlA, and the dut: car'l'in~ oul 01 soch
<!ecilioions ; 111d
(j) ;l.IIy m:\tlet in thil Act directed lo he pre'l:ribcd.
(3) All rules made under this Ad ~hnll be puhlkhed in the Gutttr, anll, 00
IlK'h publication, sh.ullla,e eRcct as if enacted inlhis Aet.

CHAI'TER XII.

--
PROPIRTY 0 .. Dp.cusln PEHlIONS, DRS!RTl!:RS ANll LUNATICS,

Pr(lperl~ of 114, The lollowin~ rt,le~:'Ire en:'lclcl1 m..,ectinlt the dispo!l.11 of lhe rrOpertl'
of cvery person subjecl to this Act who c.lies or (lescl1s :-
ret_,and (l) The com"':\IIdin~ oniccr of the corps, I~etachlllent or deparlment 10
dncrten:.
which the deceased perlOn or (lc..;crter belon~t'd ,11.111 1C~'lIrc all tht' mOl'Cllble
propertlo btlon~ing to the deccaud or cc:>erter thal is in l';unp or ql1 dcn, :lnd
cause an ill\'clltof)' thereof 10 be mldt. and draw any f,n}' alLd allo\\':'InUS due W
IUCh person,
(2) In the case of a dece.ucd person Wll0 tw lert in:'l Government saYiI\!fS
b;lnk (illcludinlol. any post offitt 1,1\OinRS b.1nk, however ll.1m:d) a r.cposit nol
ucding olle thousand I'lIpeeI, th~ eomnulldinl: dicer mar, it he thinks fit,
require the lCeTt1ary rr Gther prorer officer of the hank to VI! the dCpCl~it to
him forlhwith, not\\'ithst\lldin~ anrthinle in ;ul}' dtlJo'rhncnt;l1 1'lI1"" nnd aller
the pa)'1I\enl thereof in :u..'COI"dancc wilh snc;h requisitiC'll. no perMln 'hall h:\\"c
an}' ri~hl in respect ('lIthe- (Ieposit except as hel1'inaftcr pro\'id~'<l_
I)) In lhe case of a dece:'l$Cd persog whO'lC I"ep:t~enl:,tive i~ on the spot
and hns gi"CII SL'urity rOt the p.1l'ment of the rtlolimenta! or olher debls in '<Imp
or q\'larler~ (i{ :'Io}') of the deceased, the eommantlil1l: o'licer shall delivCf over
an}' propert}' received under clauses (J) :Ind 12l tn thnt rcrll'cscn1athc.
, flll' luch fllln, tH PH,,,,,, GI(:d'~, t91., I'art I, p, 730.
 S7
(.,I) In the case o[ :l deceased potr1On whose estate is not dealt with uuder
CIaMc (J), :\Iul in the case of any duerlcr, lhe comm;mdinJt ofliccr shall caUIe
the llIoveahle property 10 be sold by public auction, and shall P<W the rcKimeut:l.1
and other dchl$ ill C:lmp Ot" 1\lJ,1rler,,(if any). and, ill the C.1IC of :l. dece.l~d penson,
the CXPCll~' of his funcr31 cerellloDicli, from the procectlso( the Sllie and from
:IU}' ply :IlId allow:ulI..'CS c\r;IwlI untk-r clause (11 and from the aO\Ollol of the
deposit Cil any) recei"cd under daust (2).
(5) The surplus, if any. shall, in the I' 1st of a deceaSCll person. be paid to
his represclllali,'c (if :lny), or;n the event of no claim to such ~urplu. bdnJt
cslalllishcd within twelve months ilfh:r the <h:ath, thell the same ,h;11I be remilled
to till: prescribed person.
(6) In the case uf a (lcscrlcl', the surplus or any) shall be forthwith l'Cmitted
to the pres.;Tlbed person and shall. on the eXl,ir)' of three Yl:ars fromlhe date of
his desertioll, be forfeiled to thl: ::il..ll:!, l1nlcWl the deserter shall in the mcantime
hare surrent1crcd (If becn :lpprehcnded.
E.rNJll/dliQI/_-A per:,oll shall be dc~..ncd 10 be a dcserter within the me:lninlt Nail;..!: ot
of this fcclioll who h:ls wiLhout authority been ;lh:u,.'nt hoom dut}- for a !-'Criod of ck...crtioll.
sixty d:t}-~ and has not suhsequently surnn<Iercu or becl! apprehended_ -
,115. Properly deliverable and money pa)'able to the npretentative of a Dispnnlof
deceas..-d Jl\-rst)n ullder seelion J 14 may, if the total value or amounl thereof does CClblll I'~
not (Oxcc:c<1 0111: thousand rupees, aud j( tile pn'scribed person thinks fit, l>e J'I::~t
dcli'-cred or paid to ;an)' person appearinl! to him to be entiLled to receive it or (0 :Ction ~
admini)ter the L-sUte of tile c!cn:;ascd, without requirinlt the production of :IllY I'IfGbllt, ele.
prohatt. lettcrs of :ulministralion, certilic..te or other such conclusive evidence of
title; and such tltli,cry or paynlent $h;all he:l full discharlte to lhose ordering cr
m:lkinlt the s..me :lnd to the Prident rr the Union from aU further liability i'n
rcsjX'\:t of the propert}' or mone)-; hut nothinJ: in Ihis section shall affect the
riAhb of allY executor or administrator or olher rerresenlaliw>:, or of any
"-"reditor, of a dect:lS('d perSOn aAainsl ;lny Ptnon to whcm 5ucb deliver)' or
p;lrment has been made.
r
116_ The pl'Ovj~ions 01 [sections It" and 115 shall, ~o far ;\$ they c.1n be "('1'1.....1100
made allplic.,hle, apll!y in the case of a person subject to this Act bcccnlinlt ~~:~d~~:.s
ins.,ne. or, wh(l. being (In active ilCr\'ke, is cffJcially repoctc(1 missing; 10 ~n
Prc,vided thai, in the ease 01 a person so rcrorlt(lll1i~.inA, no action ~lIall be lI,nalle-,
tak~n limIer 5ub-scctkms (21 to (5), inclusive, [of section 114,J' until olle year h:lli
elaps~d (rom the date of such report.

CHAPTBn XIII_
MISCELLANt;Ot/S.

JJilila"I',iljk~(.

117. (1) Any persOIl snbject 10 this Act ollar th2n a commiS5ioned Comt'biAh
officer who deems himself wronl.lcd by any superior or olher officer, may, il not ~ilul:
attache:! to a tcoop or company, compl2in to the officer nndec whose comm2nd n.
or ordecs he is ser\'ing j and mar, if attached 10 a troop or comp.1n}-, compl:tin to
the ('Ricer comm:mdinj.! the same.
(1) When the officer com.rllincu ag:linsl is Ihe nRict'r to whom an)' complaint
shollld.llnder "lIh-seclion rll, he rrtferred,lhe llJl.!:trie,-cd pel'5Ofl may compbin
10 such officer', next snpcriO" officer.c-c-,--.,-;.,,-..-::-;;:c::c:-c= _
Sub>liLut~ b)' the U"jnn of Hurma (\dapblioll of Lawfl Order, 1941.
I Sut..lilulcd by Ad XXV, 19U.
, Dclded by thc Union OIl Hur'na (Acb[Ullonof LaWlI Ordcr.1941.
 jij 1Jurma Arlll~.

(3) Every olneer :-ecel\"ln~ any such complaint :.hall uaminc iDlo it, ;md,
when necessary, refer it to superior anlhority :
Pl'o\'ided that a dl cision by an authority compdent to dispose of the mailer
complained of shalll1e nnal.
(4) Ever)' such complaint ~hal1 be preferred through such ch:mnels as may
be Irom tin11: to time specilied by proper authority.
(;on'I'1..inl. 1171\, Any ~ .. 'conJlllissionc.:l ollicer, who deems himself wronAe<1 b)' his
h. cOllllllalldin~ ol1icer n any superior ollicer' an<1 who Oil <ille :IJlplic:"tion made to
~;,mllli._
his cUnJllJ;lIldin,,; offi..:cr dotS 1l0t re~'eivc the redres~ to whicll he considers
fi,,"~d
oll;(~r~.
himself entitled, may complain to the President 01 the UI;ion.
118. (I) No flresident or mcmber o{ a Coud-marlial, no jud~e 611\'0''lle, no
I'rivilq:e.
of l'~r"'I1~ party to any pron:ec1ing before a Court-III,utial, or his lc):al praditioncr or ;l):enl,
all~ntli"ll :'Ind no witness adinj:l in obedience to a SlllllmOllS to lltlend .. Court-lIIartilll, ~hllll,
l.:ulllh- while proct:ellin\o1 to, aUcndin~ on or rdumillg {rom a Court,martial, be liable to
n'arlial, arrest under civil or re\'t:nUli: process.
(2) H any such perS'ln is arrested under allY such process, he may be
discharged by order of the CO,urt-martial.

E~e'l\rlilln
119, (1) No per~on subjed 10 this Act shall, so long as he belonAs to the
fro'" ;.....c,1 Burma Forces, be liahlt: to !"t: arrested for (1cbt limier any proceu issued hr, or
lor <lebt hr the allthorit~' of, any civil or revenue Court or revel1lle ol'licer,
(2) The jlldj:le of any ::.ncll Court may ex::\mine into .111)' complaint
malic by such f/Crsoll or his superior uflicer of the ;trrest of sueh person
contrarl' to the provisions of I~:i~ scdioll, anI! nMY, 1:>y w:l"l'allt 1I11(lcr his IWlld,
dischar,,;e the person and award reil~onablc costs to the co:nplaluant, \\"ho
may recover those _C')sis in like manner as he mil!ht ha\"e recovered cosbl
awarded to him by a decree al:aillst the person ohtailling the rroces~.
(3) I'"or the recovery of such costs no fee shall be payable to tlle Court by the
complainant.

f'rO\>efly 120. Neither the arms, clothes, equipment, accoutrements or necl"sfaries of

c.~e"'rled any person sllbject to this Act, ncr any animal used hy him for the l!ischarge of his
fWIll aUadl- (luLl', ~hall be sci1.ell, nor shall the pay alld allowances of IIny sucl\ perscli or ;lily
nl<nl. part thereof he alta<:hed. b)' (lirt'ction of allr civil or rl:\-eIUie Court or anyl't:\'cnuc
officer, III ~atisfadion of allY decree or order ellforcrahk lI~alllst hi')10
Arrlitalion 121. Ev,,'ry person ueloll/o:ill/o: to Ihe Burma Reserve Forces 511:(11, \\-lIe11
ul the I:lst called out for or enf.!lI~ed Ilpnll or r.:turning fl'l"1ll tr;lillill~ or service, be entitled 10
111"<> lure' all the privileges accorded hy sections III} and I~O to a pcr~on subject to tltis
I:oln~ ti~C
Act.
liu".lo
rCdni.l.

122. (IJ 011 the presentation to allY Court by ('I' 011 lJ-ehalf nf all}' per::.On
PJiori".ol
headlll: by subject to this Act of a c<.:rtiticllr: from the proprr military aotllorily 01 leaw of
l.:uurls 01'- :Ibscllce haVing been Il:r_lIlted 10 01' applied for by llim lor the purpose of
e;\>I4." ttl Ilrosc"lItill~ or (lefen(!iIlj.( any ::.nit 01 othel' proceec1ill~ ill such Court, lhe Court
\\'hkh ahal!, 011 the :lpplicati'1n 01 such person, :Irranll:e. so lar as mOl)' bc possible, for tlie
ol1;(er. and
soldier. ar~ hearing and linal disposal of such suit or other proccctling lI'ithin till: pt:\"iod of lhe
wn("rn~~_ leave so granted or applied for,
(2) Thc certilicate f;"nm the proper military aUlhority ~hall state the lirst ,uHI
last day of the leave or illlcuded lewe, ;111<1 ~d forth :I des..:ril'tion ollhe C;l~r
with respect to which the If':l\e was granted or IIpplied {or.

I Dtld~d by the Ullion of HunnaAd,ll'lallon or Lawl} Order, 1948.

 39
(3) No fec shall be p.1yable to, the Court ill respect of the pre5elliation of :In)'
such eertincate, or in respect of any application by or 011 behaU of any $uch
person for priority for the hearin~ of his case,
(4) Where lhe Cou\"t is unable to arrange for the he:u'ing and final di$poS;11
of lhe suit or other pro.;eeding within the period ofsl1ch leave or intt'lld\'(lleave
as aforesaid, it sh III record its reasons for havinl:, been unable to do so, all(1 shall
cause a copy thereof to be furnished to such pn'son on his application without
allY payment wl..,tever by him in respect either of the application for such eopy
or of the COP)' itself.
(5) If in an)' case a question arises as to the proper military authority
qualilied to J:l.lnt such ccrtilicate :IS a[ores.1id, such question shall be at once
rderreu by the Court to an officer comm:lnding a corps, whose decision shall be
nnal. .

DlSt:rurs {l1/,i Mili","y 06,"d,,,s.

123, (J) Whenever any pers(ln subject to this Act deserts, the commantlin" Capture of
oAker of the corps, dep.utment or detachment to which he belongs lihall Rhc d~.erlerl.
\\Titten informaliOll of lhe desertion to such civil authorities as, in his opinion,
lIlay be able to afford assistance tow;'Irrls the cllpture of lhe deserter: and such
authorities shall thereupon t;'lke steps for the apprehell$ion of the said cleserter in
like manner as if he were::t. perSOn ror whose apprehension a warrant had been
issued lJya Magistrate, and shall deliver the dcserter, whcn apprehended, to
mililnr}' custody.
(2) Any police-officer Illay arrest without w.uT;lnt nny persOn ~a$On:lbly
believed to be subject to this Act :Lnd to be tr.l\'ellin~ without authority, and shall
bring him without deb)' before the nearest M:lgistrale, to be t!{';I1t with accor(lin~
to law.
124. (I) Any person subject to this Act wllo is charged with an offence lOay "'"ClI by
be taken into military custody. mitibry
(2) Any suc;:h person may be ordered into military custody by any surcrior au\horltl...
officer.
(3) The charge against every per80n taken into military custody sh:.II, without
nnneCCSIo.1rY delay, be investigated by the proper milit:,ry authority, and, as soon
as may be, eithcr proceeclin"s shall be taken fOI" punishing the offence, or such
perSOll shall be discharged from custody.
125, WhellC\'er any pet"!on sohject to this Act, who is accused of ;'Iny offence Arrest by
under this Act, is within the jurisdiction of any MaJ.tistrate or po!i('e-ollicer, such civil
~bJ.tistrate or officer shalt aid in the apprehension and delin'ry to military tIIlhorilin.
custody o( such person upon receipt of a written application to that effecl ,ij;\ncd
by his commanding dficer.
126. (I) When any person subject to this Act has been absent without due Inqulr, oft
authority from his duty (or a period o( sixty (Ia)'s, a Court of illquiry shall. ". abllCnce 01
soon as practicable, be :assembled and, lipan 04llh or affirmation admini~tertd in the pelion
ivbjcd to
prescribed manner, sball inquire fespectinR I,he ;Jbsence Df I~e person, and the Acl.
dencienC)', if any, of property o( th(; Slate entmsted to hiS care, or Of hil
arms, ammunition, equipments, instruments, c1olbin~ or nectss:aries; amI, if
satisfied of the fact of such absence without clue authori1r or other lufficient
causc, the Court shall declare such :Ih~nce anc! the period tllerrof, and the said
delieiencr, if an)': and the comm lll(llll~ officer of the corps or dep:lrtment to
whidl the perSOn belonJ.!s ah:dl ellter in the Court-mMtial book of the COrps or
de\>artment a record of the declaration
s",bsm",tcd by the Union (II Hur~ IAcbpulion r..l ww.' Order, 1941.
 40 BurlHIJ drlllY.

(Z) If the persOll declared absent does llot :lfterwards surrender, or is not
apprelu:nded, he shall, for the purpos(s of this' Act, be deemed to be a deserter,

Dis/owl of l'/ojl<rly.
Order lor 126A, When an)' propert) n'gardin~ which :my offence appears to lJ:\Ve
(:ustllch' ;and been ccml\liU~d, or which appears to ha\'e been used for the commission of allY
"dispulial of
prO('ty ollenee, is prcduced htfore a Conrt-marli<ll dnriuf.! a trial, the Court rna)' make
rendml( such order as it thints fit for the proper cnstod)' cf such property rendina lhe
tryl in conclusion of the trial, and if the propert)' is subject 10 spc:('d)" or natur:tl ,:eca)'
eerl"'tn u..,s. may, after rcconlinlo! such evidence as it thinks neCt:SS3f)', order it to be sold or
otherwise disposed of.
Order for 1268. (II After the cOllclm.ion of a tri:ll before any Court-mutial, the Court
dill'o~l of or the oOicer confinning the fmding or senlence of ,udl Court-m~rti..t1 or any
rfor~y
,e~3rding
authorit), superior to 511<.:h oOictr, 01'1 in the case of a Court-martial whose findinR
which or selltence does not r~quire <.:onllrmatiOn [Ihe General Officer Commanding,
oUellet com- Burma Arm)', or the OmCer commandil'~ the army, army corps, division or
milled. brigacle within which the trial Iras held,] I l\1ay m..ke ~uch order as it or he
thinks fit for the di~I)()S.ll by ,1estruclioll, conliscation, delivery 10 an}' perscn
cl:l;11lin~ to be entitled to pMst:ssion thereof, or olllt:rwisc, of allY I'ropertyor
document produced hefore the Com! or in its custody, or rtgardil1~ 'which any
offclI<':1;: ap~ars to have lH:en committed or which has been used fol' the commis-
sion l'f an~'lIffellce.
12) Where any order has be~n made \lnller Sl.lh-~ction (J) in relpect o(
propc:rt)' regardiu~ which an offence appears to have I eell ccmmiltcd, a <.:(py of
5u<.:h order !oianed and certified by the authOJit)' making the ~:Ime rn:l)', wllelhtr
the trial was Iteld within the Ullion of Btlrtr'3 or not, be SIo'nl to a M':I!:istralc in
anr di$lri::t ill which such Ilroperty for th~ time ~inR is, ;I.lld such MaJ.:istr::te
shall thereupon cause Ule order to be C<irried iulo effect as if it WilS all order
pll by such Magislr:lle under tilt: Jlfovisions of the CCY.te of Criminal
P'rocedDre.
E%~/alltllloll.-ln this section the term 'I properl)''' includes, in tll~ C:lSC of
properl)' rt!::lrdin~ which an oITcm::c aprc:l11i to h:l\'c bccl! cc,mmilted, llot ollly
s\lch propert)' as has heen ori~inally in the pos~essiort or limIer the control of alll'
part)', bllt also any propel'ly into or (or which the same m:,y have been cOllverted
or exchanl:ed, and ,111)"lhing acquired by ~uch conversion or exchal1~e whether
immcdiate1r or otl\l.~rwlse,

THE BURMA ARMY SUSPENSION OF SENrENCF.!l ACT.

C'oIutl'lKti,oa I. This Ad shall be con-.irued as part of the Burma Army Act.

Dtin.ilioN 2, III this Act, unless there is anylhinR repu~nant in the sulijeet or
contexl,-
("I .. committed " means committed to pri~on or 10 confinement in lllilitat)'
clI~tocl)'
;
(6)" competent milit;u")" :llIthe,rity" me:tns stlperior military authoril)', or
any I:(eneral or other officer nol hdow the rank o( field officer duly
authorised t-y a superior military ;lllthorily ;
, 6ubltltllkd by Act XVII, t943,
 41
(c) .. imprisonment" includes confinement in military custod)';
(d) "I)J'incipal Act" meaus lhe Bl1rma Anny Act ;
(,..) II sentel1l:e" me.'ll1S a sentence of transportation or imprisonment,
whether origimlly passed 011 a perSOll subject to the principal Act,
or passed by w"r of I'cductioll or commutation i and" selltenced 'I
has the correspondinj.( meaning; and
(I) "stlperiol' military iluthoritr" means the Pre~iclcnt of the Union or
any officer empowered under the principal Ad to convenc gener:d
COllrts-martial 01' summ,lry gcneral Courtsmarthll,

J, (1) Where OJ perSall subject to thl': principal Act is sentenced, Ihe Su!pc'n,loll
eonlirminj.( officer when conlirminj.( tht.' sentence, or, in the l'asc of a sentence 01 ~enten~n.
which does IIOt re<]uire confirmation, the ofticcr holdillj.( the trial or the president
of thl': Court-martial when pilssin~ senlence may, notwithstanding anythillj.( in the
priucip;II.Act, direct that slIch persOIl he not committed until the ol'(le1'8 of a
superior military authority have been obkdned.
(2) A superior military itllthorHy may, in the case" any sueh offender so
sentellced,--
(Q) direct that. until his orders have been obtained, such offender shall not
be committed; and
(11) ~uspend the sentence whether or 1I0t the offeutler has already been
cOlllmitted.
131 When:, in accor(\'IllCe with allY order paned Ilmltl' sub-st'ction (2', a
selltence is suspelllled, the offelltlcr sl)[ll1, whether he has been committed or 1101,
forthwith be rel~a~ed,

of, Any perio:1 durint.: which a sentence is under suspension shall be reckoned Calculation
as I'l;lrt of tile term of such sentence. 01 period.
olumtenu
under 'II~'
penflOQ.

5, A su~rior milil-iry authority may, at any time whilst a senlence is Power to Hi

sllsrene1cd under this Act, Nder- nide IU~(>CIl'
sion nr order
(til that the offender be cCllllllilled to underj,(u the uuexpirec1 POltiOIl of remi"i.en,
the sentence, or
(b) that the sentence be remitted.

6, Where a sentence has been suspended under this Act, the c:lse may at any i'erlodie~t
time, awl slnl1 at illten'als of not mOl'e than four monti,s. be; recolnidcred by a review of
competent military authoritl'. aile] if, on any "nch recon~i{1cl'3tioll, it apptars to IUtJll:nded
such authority that tile conduct of the offender since his conviction has betn ~ncb lenlenCCI.
as to justify a "emission of the sell!ence, he shall, if he is not abo a superior
military authorily, refer the <:asc to a superior milH:u)' aothority.

7, \Vhere an offender, while a sentence 011 him is sUllpended under this Act, Procedule
is sentenced (or anl' other offence, then- on further
Hnlenec of
(,,) if the further sentence is also suspended under this Act, the two offender
senlt:nct's shall run con<:urrently : WhOfCHIlo
(bi if Ihe hlrther sentence ;s for:l prriod of three monlhs or mere and is tcnc;e il lUI-
"end.d. ,
not suspended umltr this Act, the offcncler shall also be Ctlmmitled
on the onexpired portion of the previous lenknce. but both lentence,
shall run concurrenlly ; and
 42 B"''''n Army S"s1,llJioJl 0/ .sc"ltffus,
(cl if lhe further sentcnce is for a ~riod olthrec months or less and is not
suspended under this Act, thc offender shall be cOlllmitted on that
Itlltence 0111)" and th~ pr~\'ious senlellc~ ~h;.lI (subject to allY order
which may be Po'\ssed un<Ier section 5 or seetirn 6) CQntinue 10 be
suspenderJ,

Sldu;.: 01 8, The powers confc-rred uy lhis Ad shall bc in addition to, alld n(lt in
.lion I1Z, derot-:ation of, all}' powers as to th~ Illitit-:alioll, remission or commutatioll 01
jlunu;I Anu~
S('lltem:es conferred by llw prilw;p,ll Act, and ;t slll\l:rior mililary authorit)' shaU,
A" as re~;In"ls 1)('r50nS suhject 10 thai Act, he all :lUlhnrity havinR power to mitiJ.:ate,
remit or commute sentem:cs tinder ~dion 112 of thai Act.

Prm iiin., ;II 9, Whl'rc: in addition to an)' other ~c-nt~llce the punishment o( dismir.sal has
to dilllliful. been aW;lr\lcd 11r a Court,marti;ll, amI such ether Selilencc is sus~enc.td under this
Acl, llh:n, notwithslandillg anylhinl,! contained ill the prillcir~l A(t or in. all)' nIles
malle thl'I'~l1llcll'r, su~h diSl1li$Sal shall not trike cfkct unlil so (Irderetl by a
superior n\ilit:\r)' authority:
Provided tllll, if a sentence is remitted under this Act, lhe punishment of
dismissal sh.ln also be remitted:

mE BURMA RESERVE FORCES Acr

I.
Dj,ilion 0( 2, The Burma RC$Cf'Ye Fot\:.ts sh..d l consist of the Re~ular Resen'e and the
Rt:>tn't Stlpplenlcntal)' HeKf\'t,
~'orcts inlO
R"J:ullf .and
SUI~k:
"~"I.arJ
j.lutr\"tl.

Ll'lcalit" 01 J, A person helollAinJ: tn the Rurma Hescn'C Forc\'s shall bc liable to sen'e
urI"i,"c"ol beyond the limits of (he Union of BU1'ma ;IS well as within those limits,
Iksal'n.

J'OI\tr to of, The Prlosidenl of the lillion may lluke rules ;'Ind ders for the J:OVl-rn
I\l;l,kt luln ment, diSl:ipline ;'Ind fe~uhtion of the BUTln.l Reser\'l' FI)Il'cs.
for rocul;&-
tio",llI:
l~tld"YC:
~'orCt1,

Li"hj'i'yol 5, Stlhje~t to stlch rules and oulers as-mar be made under ~dio1\ 4, a rcfSOn
I':u~lve I.....longing to Ihe Burma lksefve rol't:cs shall, as all nt1i~er or soldier, as tlie elSe
~'om:~ to may !.>c, be SUhjl'i:l to nlilit:uy 1:1\\' in the sallie manner and to lhe same extent
mm',H)'II'", as a person bdooging 10 the Burma forces.

PlonilhllK'tll 6. 11) U a person helongin)! to the Burma Rcseo'e FOICf'-

of certain ((I) \\'hen rt\jUired 1\)' or in PllrsU:Ull'(' nf any rule oc ordH untler tbis Ad
o/ICUCCJ b)'
I'CI$OI\I be to attend al an}' place, hils without reaSOll Ible U(tlse to attend in
">1\";"1; to accordance with su~h rClluircment, or
~clcr~c (6) faill without re.lSonabk eXl:u~ to comply wilh any such rule or order,
~"orcn,
0'
 43
(el fraudulently obtains any payor other sum conlr<ltr to any such rule or
OC'dtr.
he shall be liable-
Ii) oil con\'ktion by a Court-martial, to soeh punishment othel; th;'!lI death,
tr;lnsl'ortation or impriSC'llnlcut for a lerm exceeding one rur at !iuch
Court is hl' the flurma Am\}' Ad empow~rcd to ;l\urd, or
tiil on ';oJlI"idion liy a M;\~istr,lh: of the fi~t class, to imprisonment lor a
term whidl lII;lr t'xtem l in the case (,( iI lint oUellee ullder thh
section, to six months, and, in the case of any subst:lluelll oncllt:e
thtn:nndcr, 10 cne year.
(2) Where a (X:l'SOIl bel011l{ill~ to the Bl1rnm Reserve "'orces is I'C111lil'ed by 01'
ill 1'1lr;'lUOInCe of allY rule or ol'(ler under this Act to ath:lI(l al allY place, a certifi.
cate pl1rpOl'lill1.: t(, be siltned by an onlecl' appoinled by such a rille 01" order in
this heh;llf. and stating that the perS<lIl so required to alknd failed to do so ill
;1I,;cllrdanl~e with such requirement, shall. without prroof of the siJ.:n:'l!L're or
appointmtnt of "nch officer. he evidence of the maHers st;lled therein.
(3) Any ~T~n char~ed with ;Ill offeut-e under this Il'('lion n1:IY 1)(; L,kcn into
and kellt in ei\her milil:u)" (\.f civil Cilflody. (IT J"Irtly into ;md in oue dt"scrilltion
of ~'ustody ,md p.lrUy iuto and in Ihe other, or be tr:tnsfcrrcd froln one de~cl iption
of clistody to the other.

11IE BURMA D:RRITORIAL FORCE ACf

l.
2. In this ACI, there is anylhill~ repll~n]nt in the sub;ed or contut,- J>.:6niticl'l.
Uilier.s

.,
II enrolled" means ellr(llled or reenrolted in Ihe Burma T errilorial FOicc
under this Act i

"nonC01l111Iissionfd ofticer" means ., pcrst,n holding non-commissioned

rank in the Burma Territorial force, and includrs an aClina nOll-
commissIOned officer;
" I ; and

" rrescrihed II m(al~S prcscrilled by rules made undrr Ihis Act.

J, There shall be r:lise{l and maint3ined in the manlier herein;'!fter pl"ovide(1 -':()n~ljl"lioll
a fOI"t.'e to he desiAn:'lted the Burrna.'Territorial Force; olll,lrma
T~trilnri~l
Provided that the President of the Union ,h:'lll blahli..h "II or all)" of the i'urt<:.
branches 01 the ~'orce as circumstances mar permit from lime to timc.
4. (11 The Presiflent of the Union m.1)' conslilate one or more corps or unit~ c...~mution
of the Burma Territorial Force and ma)' disband or reconstitute an)' corps or IInit and dislwod-
so constitl,tc(l menlof
(1) Tin' Presidtnt of tIe l"llion ma~' con~ti:llte for any to\H. OT J.:TOUfl of n"il\.
towns one or more urb.ln corps Of" units of the Btllm:'l Terrilori.t! Forc\:. 10 1le
rceruitell from persons residiTlI! ill or nur snch town or town:., and may disband
or recf'nslitlltc :In\' corJ'S or unil so conslitnted,
15) The Pn"$itlcllt of the Union m;l\' constitute:l Univt~rsil)' t:orl'Sconsistinl(
nf (lie or more units 01 Ihe Terril"ri:ll Force. for the :'Ippointnu:nl thcrelo nf
~tn.!enl,; of, .lntl other persons connedt'fl with the Uni\'ersilY of IbnRoc.n 6'(
colleRt'l) :llili:'lted thereto, and may dbb.,nd or reconstitute an)' unit so constituted.
1
4A . , ..
Oclded b7 the U"ion 01 Burfll~ IAdapbtioa of uw.l ortkt. ItHI
 44 BlU'UliJ TarflorilJI Force.

Enrolmnlt. S. (l) [Any citizen of Burm.1) I may offer himself for enrolmenl in the Burma
Tel'ritorial io'orce, and allY slIch person who salislics the prescribed conditions
may be enrolled in the prescribed manner for such periorl, not txceedin~ six
leal'SI as may be presl,;ribed,
121 An :tl'plkant for enrolment may apply to be enrolled for service in any
p;lrtu'::lIlar braudl, torpe or unit I,;onstituted for the place within which he for the
time being resides.

Al'(lOint- 6. (I) Every pen>On enrolled ahall without unnecessary delay be appointed
OInt 10 in the rn:5Crihcd manner to a corps or unit constituted onder section 4 for the
~'0C"p* (M"
place in whkh he lor the lime being reside;.
unit,
(2) AllY person who has been enrolled for service in any rarlicular branch,
corps or unit shall be ;Ippointed to a corps or unit of that branch or to that corps
or unit, as the case: m.lY be.
TUDsier ;and " (l) Any person aPJ:ointed to a corps or unit under section 6 may be
att:-chmenl. transferred, whethn on dishanoment of the corp:. or unit or otherwise, to anollHr
corps or unit of the Burma Territcrial Jo'orce, in such manllt'r as may be prescribtd,
(1) Nothin~ contained ill ~ub-sedion (I) ~hall be deeme<l to a\llhorise Ihe
transfer without his oll'n consent of any person e!lrolled to a corp; or unit
constituted (or iI pbce other Ihan that in wldch he for the time btin~ resi<!es, or
of a per:ron enrolled for service in :l particular branch to a COfP' or unit of ;molher
br-.lno.;h, or of a penoll enrolled (or servicl: in a particlilar corps or unit 10 any
other COl'pS or unit.
U, Any person, enrolled may be attached at his own request to any corps or
anit of the Burma Territorial Force or to an)' reA:,ular forces.
1A. (I) Any enrolled person who leaves his place for the time being and
thereby lenes the place in which the l.."Orps or unit ill which he is servin" is
constituted shall, i( he does not intend to return to that placc, notify the
prescribed authorit), in that pl;lce of his chan~e of residence.
(2) If such person hwiug intended to retnrn does not retorn within three
months l he ~hallllotir)' the prescribed authority as aforesaid immediattly 00 th~
expiry of that period.
IS) The p,.cscri~d authorit}' on being notilied of a chall~e of residence
uudcr sub,section (l) 01" subsectionl2) m;IY, subject to the provisions of section 7,
tr:l.lIsrer such persoll (rom the corps or ullit in whkh he is servill~ to another
corps or unit.
8, very person enrolled shall be entitled to receive hi~ discharge from the
Burm;, Territorial Jo'orce on the upiration of the period for which he was
enrolled, ;llId any such pel"llOn mal', prior 10 the upil.ltion of tbat periodl be
discha,):ed (rOIll tlte ~lil1 Force l1y soch authorHr ;Ind subjl.'d to such conditions
as mal' be PfcscriLe'I, ami shall be so discmrgcd on :I recommendation of the
Advisor)' Committee in this beh.11f :
Pro\'ided Ihat no person enrolled who is for the time beinl: enJ::IJ:ed in
military sen'lce uuder the provisions of Ihis Act shall be cntitltd to rtcei'Ve his
diacball!f! before the termin<'ltion of such service,
Uabilily 10 9. IJ) Every person enrolled shall, subject to such cOl\(litiolls as may be
KnIt and prescrihed, he bound 10 sel\'C in an)' o.:o'ps or unit o( lhe Burma Tt-rritorial Force
ptlfornl to whio.:h he has be<!11 appoiutecl or transferred or is for the lime heinp: atl<lched,
mitiwy and shall he ~l1hjeet to all'rules and r':-l!:lIlations that may be made under this Act
kf\iu,
rehtinlt to 111\:11 corp! or unil.
,I SubsliCukd by the Ul,lion of Burma l:\<bpblion of LIII"} Order. 19U,
DdtCtd .'id,
 nurma TerriloritJl Force, 45
(2) Evel'Y per!lOn em'olled who has attained the a~e of ei~hleen ),ears shall
be lilble to perform milital'y st'rvice-
(11') when cl1led out with any portion of the Burmn Territorinl For"c by an
order of the senior military (ffieet present either hl act in ~l1pport of
the civil powel' or to provide guards which, in lhe opinion of such
officer, are e~sential ; (lr
(b) when any portion of the Burnn Territorial Force \0 which he belongs
hl'S beeH embodied to support or sllpplement(lhe Burma Forcesrin the
event of an el1lerRency by a notificatioll directillf:! such embodiment
issued h}' thc Pi'csident of the Union alld published in the G.uelte ; or
(c) when :'Itt:IChed :'It his own request to any rc~n\;\r forces :
PrC'vidllhat nothin~ in this snhsection shall appll' to persons enrolled in:l
University Corps.
10, (l) No person embodied under seclion 9 :.hall be required 10 perform TtTrilorlM
Ilmll. ol
military service beyond the limits of the Union of Emma save under a ~rneral or
special ordCl' of the President of the Union,
liability
:Iud
'u
c1uution
(2) Any porlion of the Burma Terrilori,tl Force which, havin~ been called oj lnilit~ry
out or emhodicd uncleI' ~ection 9, is perlorminf:! mililan' s~rvic:e shall he replaced rervlce,
by re~ul:lr troops or otherwisc as !lOon as circumsl,1nceS p.:rmit, and shall nnl be
reqllired to perlorm such service after such replacement has ~el1 cffcclc<l to the
s:ltisfadion of the senior military f10kltr in char~c or after the cancell"tioll of the
order or notification under clause (fJ) 0,' fb), as the ca~e may he, of section 9.
II. I (J) ..
(2) Every (..:ommissioned officerr of the Burma Territorial Forc<" when c1oin~
(luty as 511Ch offic~r, shall he suhject 10 Ihe Burma Arm}' Ad, and the rules
and l'~gulations ma<le therenmler. \\'h~rttiIlOn tht: said Act, rules ami rc~ulalion~
shall apply (0 him as if he hdd the same rallk in [t11(!' Burma l"orec~]' as he hold!!
for the time being ill the said Force, subject LO the terlllS of his cOlllm;~ion
and the orders of the President of the Union.
fJ) Every non-commissionec1 offieel' and man of the Burma Territorial
Force,-
(a) when called Ollt or embodied for military sel"\'ice unfler section 9,
(b) when attached to, or otherwise actin~ as pad of, or with, any regular
force. or
(d whtn embodied for, 01' otllerwise underf:!obli.t, mililalT tr:lininj.( in
the pl'esCt'ihed 11l:\nner,
shall he suhject to the Bunm Army Act, and the rules and rei.tulations made Ihere-
under, whereupon the said Ad. rules and rellulatiolls shall :lpply to him as if he
held th~ same rank in (the Burm:t Forets]' as he holds for th~ time being
in the said For"e, subject. to the or<krs ('f the President 01 the Union:
Pr(,vided that the said Act, rules ~,nd regulatiolls shall, ill their ~lrplicalion to
such non-commi:>sioned officers and mtn when emborliecl for or oilierwi~c IIndtr
goinR m;Iit:lrr trainin~, he modifie<I to such t:xttnt an(\ in such manner as m1)' he
pre~crihed :
Provided further that non.eommissioned officen and men of an urhan curpl'
or unit, when under~oillg miliiarr tr:tining without b:tVin~ betn embodied for that
purpose, nml non.commissioned ol'llcers and men of a Universil)' Corp!! whrn
underRoillg trainink, shall, in respect of Buch tmininR, be suhject onl}' 10 such
disciplinary and other, mles c::..:::.:=-'-'-'-
nli may be prtscribed. _
l'!<ubsliluttd b> 1l1e UniQll of Iiurpa (o\daf'lalk4t of U'fN) Order, 19111.
I Detettd ibid.
 Bm'lIl(l Territorial F"rce.

(41 Where:m offence punishable under the burma Army Act, or,:I$ the cate
Ill:tr he, uuder that Al:t as moditied under $ub-se~tioll (3), h:l~ beeu committe<! hr
any ~rson whihl ~uhjc.:i 10 that Acl undcr the provisions of this section, sllch
p..'l"'SOn lI1a\' b~ I:lkell into aucl kept ill m,li\ar~' l'ustod~' ;llllilried and rnmshed for
such offence, altholl;.:h Ill' Il:I~ ~t':lst'd to he ro suhject as :lforeuid, in like m:1"II('r
:\" he lI\i\lht haw l'ol'eu t;lken inlCl :\ud k<"pt ill milit.lrr ellslooy. Irie(1 or 11I,ui)hed,
ii he had ,:.,nlilluetllo he M suhjcd:
Pro\'itled that 110 such ~BOU sh:\11 he kepi in milit:'ry custody aller ht has
ceasetl In helollt:: It) the Rurnla Territorial FOll't, llnlellS he hall beel; bken into or
kel,l in mililar'r custod~' 011 :account of the oill-nce hefore the (blc 011 which he
l"eased :'10 10 helong; nor shalt ht' he k ... pt ill milil:lry cUSlody or be tried or
pnnislll"d for Ihe offence after thl' expiry ()f two months (rOlll Ihat date, \Inless his
In:ll h:ls already ~01ll11lelH:ecl he(ore ~l1ch eltl"ir}'.
SLlmlll~ry IIA. In addition 10, or in snb.,tiIulion ror. an}' 'PUnisllll1ent or ptmishmenls
If;:l\ :lilt!
p"llilh",~n"_
to which he m:l~' he Ibhlt, under the Rnrml Army Act, [:UI~' C(lfflllli~ioncd oni...~rJ'
noncomllli~sinn\'d OIlieer or n10lll of Ihe AIl"m:l Terntorial run:e. not l1('in$!
a mem!'1tr of a Uni\"crsil}' CoI'M, lllar he punislled. either br:l l'riminal Cnnrll\r
5IJlllm:lril)' h)' order of the p(,(,Sl..'Tihed :llIlhont)', (nr ~IIY offence limIer III:lt Act,
\\"ilh fine which Ill"!\" exlt'llello fift" rupres, to hr reeon,ttll in sudl m:ll1lll'r :Inn
hy snrh :lIthorit~'.1S mar he preserihell:
Prod Il'd Ih:l.t nn tiue shall he summ:lrily inllicled h~' order nf thc I\re:'lcrihcd
OIlIthorit)' in any else in which the acclised cbims 10 be Irit'l1 h}' :l Cl'imillal
Court: -
Provide(! further th:lt no Conrl inferior 10 lhal of a Ma]::istrale of the lirst
I'lass shall try any offl'nce Ill:lde plmishahle \o~' or IIncler this Ad,
1'1<':"""1>1'" II B. Whtn' [:lny coml\\i~ion('cl oni~ ...r J' nnn-mmiss.iClned offict'r or nUR of
:u I" ~ .. rUi" till' Rurnl:l Tlml(,rill Force is require,l, b\' or in I"nrSU:lnce 01 :In)' rull',
duoo"..... I~,
('('~lllation or onlt'r Ill:lcle liud... r this Ad, 10 :ll!t'nll :II ,1m' rl:lce, a certifil-:ale
purporlin!: to he si/ol:n\'o hy the prt"Scrihtd offin!r, :'IlatiuJ!: 111:\1 Ihe persnll 50
requ;red to :lllend failNI 10 do :'10 in accorcl:lIIce wi,h ~1II:h n"luircmclIl, "hall,
withoul !"foof of the si~ualure or :lpp<.inhnenl or slIrh officer, I~ c\'idenee of the
matl<.'n st;lled Ih~rein,
A,h';fOry 12, (J) The Presith'ut of Ih!" Union sh:,ll constitllte a Centnl ,\lldsor)'
Co'lIl11iUcu.
Committ... e to ad\'isc lJim ou matters conneded wilh Illl' Terl'ilod;11 ,",Ol'l'C ami a
Unit Ad\'lsorr Comnlillee for each unit.
(2) ..
(3) The constitntiCln, pow~rs and proctclnrc of th~ Advisol')' Comnlilte~ shall
be such as Ill:l)" be pre:scrihec1.
POlllfr 10 13. (l) The President of the Union lila}', a!ttr pre\'iolls publication. m:l.e
n~~r,olc",
nllrs'to (':lrl1' out the purposes of Ihis Act.
111 In particular, "lid withoot rr~jullice to Ihe ReneralitJ' o( Ihe for~gf'iDg
powers,sll('.h rules m:lr-
(/II P(~scri~ the 1ll:llUler in which, the period for which and the concliliol\s
s\lbj~ctIO which, persons m:lY he enrolled under seclion S :
(6) I'rescri~e the manner in which persons enrolled may he appointed 10
COI'PS and unils IInder s~dion 6 or transferred uuder section 7 or
section 'lA i
fr) pre$Cribe the aulhClrities hy which and the conditions subject 10 which
pen"ns enrolled may he discharJ!:ed nnder section 8 i
, SllbsfiMtd by the n.ion 01 Bllr,n:l (Ad.tpbtiOll cl L."l".,.j Ordtr, 1948.
I For such rukl, ~ B"n1t1l c..zrllf. 1941, hrl I, p_ <}$2,
 B.,.nut Tn-,itol1fll Feru,

(II) ~scribe 1~limin2T)' and periodic:!! milil:lry trainin~. c01llJl'llsor)' and

vCllunl:lry. for an)' !='tf'SOlIS cor class of IlerSOns tnroll~1 and provide
for the C:lllh('ldim~nl of any l"Orp& or unit for Ihat plirprac ;
vi
p'scrihe thl' militarr or other obli:.!atious to which llll'mhers 01 a
Ul1iver~itr CorrlS ..hall be liahle when underteillJ: military If2Iining
allcll-rO\'ide Cl'llaall)' for the mail\t~nallceof di!.dplil\e in suel: C,1$tS ;
(J) ,,",nde (or the 1lll'diCilI examin:tlion of,person~ ofininj.! themsclves (or
~nrrolnll'nt IlIHkr section S ;
tV ",rm'ide (or and fl1l:ulale the remnllc:rntion, allow:mc, lo:lMluilin or
compem:Hion (i( an}') to be lXIill 10 any ))CfSCIn (II' dOl" (If persons
enrollw or to their depelH1.lnls i and
(..) JWo\;de {or all)' otller m.,tler which nnder this Act i~ 10 be or may
~ flI'cscribed.
W All nlks mldc under this Act sholll he I!Ubtishcd in the Guttie, and on
such puhlicalion shall 11<1\"(' effect as if enxtt'tl in this Act.
14, (I) The Genen! O:licer Cllmmanding thc Forces ill the Union of Burma ~.trIO
ma~' mO\ke rel:Ubtions eon~istent with thi Act and the rules lIl:lde thcreuntler mUtrqllb
proviclinR generally for all details l'Olllll'ded wilh the ror201ni",'tion and ptNOnnd liOlU.
of the Bunm Territorial For..-e an~1 for the duli~, mililar}' training, dothin!>t,
eqllipmcnt, allowancl's antllcan~ of persons enrolled.
(2) In particlllar, :lnd williont prejudice 10 th~ !>tener,llil)' of the forej.!oio~
power, su..:h re~\I1alions may specifr the courses of trainin~ or instruction to be
followed by O\lIl' person or class of persons enrolled.
IS. For the purroscs of section!> 128, 130 and 131 o( the Code oe CriminO\' Ctrtain
Proccdure,:tll (';Ollllllissioned offi,;er5,J' lion-commissioned onicer~ and nwn of the personl
Burma TcrrilClrial Force who ha\'e htl'l\ apfIOintcd to a corps or unit ~hallill" IUbjllo
dccmCl1 to he [..'ommiMlone:1 oflkersJ' nOll,co\llllIissionc~1 officcrs 3mlsoldieu, Ihl~Ad I"
bt cltl'mtd
resprcti\'cl)', of {I he Burma Arlll~'.r tl;l,rl""lhe
(;ulma
t'rmy for
ttTtalJl
pllrpO~et,

16, No person shall he Iiahlc to pa\" any municip.,1 or other tax in respect Eltmpllon
of auy horse, hicl'c1p, moIOlhicycle, motor car, or other meanl of CO'~vc)"anee from lotal
which he is :lllihorised by regulations lIl:lde uncleI' section 14 to maintain in his laulion.
caJlacit~, :ts a member o( the Rurma Territorial Force.

THE BURMA AUXILIARY FORCE Aer.

CONTENTS,

Sed;oftJ,
J. Applic:ltiolJ of Act.
2, Definitions.
3. Constitution o( an auxiliary force.
4. Classes who rna}' be enrolled. .
5, Enrolment.
I SllbsUlllltd tt)' the UJlion cl811nfta {AlbpUl'on ol1,1'I"1 Order. l~'.
 48
Slt;liOlIJ,

6. Li:lbilily to ullderl:!0 military training.

7. Liability 10 perform military service.
8. Appointmr-nt to corps or unit.
9. Preliminan" trainin~.
10. .. .. .. ..
11. ClaSSiliC:l.lion rind periodical trnining.
12. Classi6c:ltion:
13. Varblions of lr.\ining.
14. Medkal exounination.
1S, Tr:U1~fers.
16. Chanjtt 01 rc.idence.
17. Disch:\rge.
18. Callin:.: out and enlbo<liment.
tQ20. .. .. ..
21. Allplic:ltion 01 the Armr Aci.
n. Uefo!oallo appt:u for military service.
23. Pc.:nallic~ for '..each of 5Kti~ns 8, 14 :tud 16.
24 Other offences.
25: Punislunent for offcllres lmder sctlion 2-4.
2fl. Dismi5~'1.
27. Samm.uy aud minor pllni~l,ments.
27A. Prtsumplion as to certain documenb.
28. AclviMlrr Commit!ecll.
29. Constitution and disbandment of unitL
30. Power 10 make rulu.
31. I'ower to make regnl:lliolls.
32. Certain persons ~uhject 10 this Act to he deemec\ part r the Bunnl
Army (or cert3in f1urpcses.
33. Trial of offences.
34. Exemption (rom local tax:ltiun.

SCHEDULE I.-TRAIKIKO.

THE BURMA AUXIUARY FORCE ACT

....
rrlkauon
' I t. Notwithst.'\ndinj,! :U\),thin~ to !he contr.\r)' conL'\ined in the conditions
o( sen-ice under which ~nons ha\'e ~en enrolled under this Act it .hall :lP~\Y
:lnd .h:l.ll be deemed ..lw:l.)"S to ha\"t applied to such personl wherever they
m.1Y be,
2. 111 this Act,lInleiS there il ;mythinl ret'u~n:l.nt in the 'Uhjl'd or eonteltt,-
.. A(lvisory Commitlee" me:l.ns:l.o AddIOr)' Comlllilh e conslitutl'tlllnder
section ~8 (or thc prescrihed miliUJ"y :lre;'l, or put of a prt!cribetl
milit:lfT aru. witbin which II. p('nt'ln sohjett to this Act lor the lime
beinll: resides or is servinJ:!, u the cue may be :
II competent military authority" me"lns the ;'luthority prescribrd 31
competent to perform or e:<ercise ll.1l or liD)' of the duti~ imposed at
powers coofemd on the competent mililaf')' autbority I".y this Act;
I I enrolled person .. means a person enrolled in the prescribed manner undet

lhi, Act j
I hlSft'tcd b7 Act XX, 194'.
 49
" enrollinJl: officer" means 1\n oAicer authorised to mrol persou. under
. this Act;
" pre~crihed ,. means prescribed by rnles made under t!lis Act. and
" prescribe" has a correspondill~ mt'allillij ;
" regulation" means a reJ.!ulatiOI1 mlde LIndeI' sl~tion .31 ; and
" Imin;ng rear" me:lIlS a ~riod of lweh'e months hej!iUlling onlhe first
day of April and endin~ on the thirty.first day or March.
3. Tl1ere shall be raised and maintained in the manner hereiu,l(ter VT'Clvided Col\~ilulion
an auxiliary force + .. .. I to be <lesignatecllhe Burma Auxiliary Force. olan
:u,.lItary
force
.... Every person who is a citizen of Burma shall,subje<:t to the provision. of Cln.e.who
tbis Act, be eliltiblc fo\' enrolml'nl thereunder. lnaJbe
enrolled.
I. (J) Any male eliRihle for enrolment under tllis Acl who has att-lined the Enrolinent.
ll~e of sixteen years and i~ not a member of the Burma rei!ular naval, military
or air forces may apply to be enrolled in lhc Bm1tl:l Auxiliary Forcc, anti, if he
salistirs Iho.: pro.:scr;b~d cOllditioll~, m:ty he en1'OlIe{1 therein in the prescribed
lIIanller anti shall thereupon hecOlilC sllbjeclto the provisions r,f this Act.
iZI Subieclto the preserih.:d I.lollditiol\s an applicant fM enrolment mar apply
to he enrolled for service ill :Illr J):lrtieular IIl":mch, or in any particular corps or
UI\;I.

6. Eve\")' enrolled pct'50n sh:'lll he li:tble to nmterf::o military tr.linin" <II Liabllityto
provided by or under this Act until cliseharRe<l from the Burma Anxiliary lo'orce",unl'l~er,l!o
as Ilerellla It er proVl(
0 Olde . mltary
luininl.
,. E,try enrolled person Ihble to under,l!O military trainilli! under section 6 L1.bililylo
shall, on and from the first <la}' of Aprilnexl followin~ the <late on which he attains perform
oniJI~ry
tht; aJ,:e of eighteen year~ or. iI he has ah'Cldy attained the aJ,:e 01 dghlcclI real'S, 'enlce.
on and from any lalr.r dale on which he is enrolled, he liable to ('Crform military
lIen'icc undt'1" ibis Act
8. (1) E,'ery enrolled perSOll lthall, withotlt nnlleccssar}' delay, he appointed AI'I'IOInlonrnl
hr, or nn,ter the orden or, the cr)lIIllelenl military authority 10 a corps or unit of Wcorp' 0('

the B.. :oma Auxiliary Foret, and 011 receipt (If an order so .lppointin,; him shall unit.
report himself for the purpose of joinillJ,: such corps or IIn;t at sneh time aud place
as rna)" be specified in the order.
(Zl Any po.:rson who has loeen enrolled for service in any p.lrtieular brnnch,
corps or lInit shall be .1ppointerl to a corps or lInit of Ihal hranch or 10 that c.rps
or unit, as the '::ue may he.
9. Evel')" emolleel person liable to perform military service nn<ler thi, Act Preliuw..ry
who on becoming sn liable is includtd in the Aetil'e CI:'Iss shall, within the train- trainln".
inJ,: rear in which he becomes so liable, ullder,l{o preliminar}' trainin)! of such
amount :\$ mar be ordered by the compelent mililary authorit) !lubic<:t to
the limits sr-ecified in &:hednle I :
Provided that, if such pl'e1iminur tt:\inin,l! e:Jnnol be completed within that
traininJ,: )'ear, it may be completed al Ihe discretiO:l of the officer commandill,l{ the
corp!! or unit to which su("h enrolled persoll helon~s in the trainin,:: )'e:u next
followin,l! :
PrOl'ided furthtr that any person m:\~' be exempted.either wholh' or in part
b}' the officer eommandinl!! hi5 corps or unit from the necelsity of undergoing

l Dtldtd bv Act xx, 19--13.

I This .celion W~I ~r~llllhflil"led by Ad XX. 1M}. and ,~~uenll.v ."blllllllt'<! by tilt
Union of U\lTma IAcSal'lalillll:ol J.,""'~) Order. 19411,

4
 so Burma l'Cu~iliar.)' Fi}U;e.
prelimimq- training required by this section, and shall, on the publication in the
ortltrs of tllC corps or unit of such exemption, be <leemed to the extent of such
exemption to have completecl such preliminary training.
10.
Cla,.ilic.1lion II, Every enrolled verson Iiable'to perfonn military service under this Act_
and periodl-
~llnll1ing, (i) shall be induc1ed by the officer commandinll the corps or unit to which
he is appointed in one or other of the follo\\'in~ classel, namely-
(a) the Active Clm ; or
(b) the Reserve Cla~s ;
(ii) ~h;'\l1 ul1<!cr the orders of the competent military :tuthority nndergo
the pcriodical training spccified in Sche<lule I for the class in which
he is for the time hcinll included; and
(iii) shall, if the President of the Union so directs. undergo such increased
amount of tmining as olay be specilied by the Prcsident of tile Union
for this purpose for the class in which he is for the time beinlt
included.
CIIS~llica 12, (I) Every commilSioll~d officer of the Burma Auxiliary Force ,h"l! be
tion.
included in the Active Class until he relinquishes his commission.
(2) Enrolled persons liable to perform military service under this Act, not
beinJ.! commhsioned ot'ticers of the Bu-rma Auxiliary Force, shall be classified
as fol1oll"s. namC'lr :-
((11 every such p/:uon who is requked by SectiO'1 9 to underllo preliminary
training or who being so required h,S complded or is deemed to have
completed the s.1me shall be included in the Acth'e Class until he is
transferred to the Reserve Class by order of the officer commanding
the corps 01' unit ;
(b) every su;::h pe~n who is transferred from the Active Class ullder the
rro\'isiolls of cbnse (n) or who on enrolment iJ; assij:(ned lo the
Ue!lHVe CJa~s by order of the officer commanding the corps or unit
shall he included in the Reserve Class,
13) Any enrolled person who ce.1~e~ to be n commissioned officer of the
Burma Auxiliary rorce Sh.lll thel'eupon he included in, the class in which
he \\"oultl ha\'e been include(l uncleI' this seetion jf the provisions of ~\lb~tion (J)
had not applied 10 him, and shall lIll(lerl:!O ~eriodic,ll fraininj:! accordin/<:l)'.
(4) .-\ny I'erson whn is uneler this section included in the Reserve Class may
apply 10 the cNnpetenl militnrr authority to he included ill the Acth'e Class, and
shall, if the competent military authority grants the application. Ihereupon be
deemed to be inclnded in th,'t class,
\'arhtlonl la. (1) The competent military authr,rlty may, hy order in wdlinJ!,-
til tT.1il\ing,
(4) on the recommendation of the Advil;OQ' Committee, direct that lIny
rnrolled pero;on included ill the Aclive Class shall, fOl' the purposes
of rcriodic.11 Ir.tininl:', be included ('1" any stated period in the
Resen'e Cl:\u, or
(h) on his own motion or nn the recommenO:llion of the Ad\'isory
Committee, reduce the specified amount of baininJ.! tither in individual
casel or in ,the c.'lIIe of nny unit or part thereof for nny stated period.
(21 The comp~tent military authority shallilrant in respect of each individual
or unit or 1'1<11"1 thcreof whose tnininJl is reduced under c1auBe (b) of suh-section (J)
a certificate seltinj:t forth the amount of traininj:! to be undergone durin,t!; the said
period,
 Burtt/a duiliar)' For"_ 51
... Every enrolled person shall. if and when required b)' the officer
commanding the corps or unit to which he belom:s, pterent himsdf for such
medical examination as mar be necessarr Lo determine the edent, if all)', to
\\"hich he is fit 10 underl40 military tl,linin~ or to pt:rfl"rm ll1ilitar~" service. before
a medical oAke!" apiloinlef\ or apprt\'td ill that behalf by the ro:l1pt.1enl military
authority. am! for the purpoSt!lI of sl11;h me\!ic;li examination shall cl'mpl)' with
th~ directions of snch n,edkal officer.

15. W Every person appoiuLed to a corps or unit ull(ler seclion 8 shall TraAslen,
remain in that corp$ or unit until tmnsferred to another corps or nnit hy. or
undcr th~ orJers of, tlte competent military authority, oot no pcrson shall he
transferred from the Infantr)' hranch to anothrr hl'anch or from one unit to another
unit loeat~d ill the same prescl'ibed military area except at his own requllst.
(2) Allr person !>O transferred from Lhe Infantry branch to another branch
mar be reqni~d to umkr~o such further preliminary trailling:, nnl exceeding ei~ht
11;1)"~. as lIlar hc ordered hy the cOlllp('lcnt milit:lrr :anthoril)", :anI! thcreaht'f' llhall
Ull(lcr~o the periodicallrainin;.: to which hc is liahle in the hrallch 10 \\hich he is
trani\fcn"ed:
Provided that any periodical tlainin~ already ttnderj!one Ill' such JK'rson in
the trainin~ year in which hc is transferred sh,llI be decmeU to have ~Cl\ nnder-
gone ill such other branch.
E,fNallaUol'l.-Exccpt during pcriodiC."lI trnininR in ('.:Imp, for the purposcs of
this section an<1 of Schc<lllle I, a (by shallllc deemed to consist or fonr hOlln of
actual military drill or instructioll, :lnll may be made lip of fractious of a day not
more Ih:\O fOllr in number.

10. (1) Any cnrolled person who kavts his lliace of residence in the Union Chanle vf
01 Burma for lhe Hnle bcill~ and therehy 1I,',1\'es thc area commandcd by one rtt!dcnce.
COIllJ)ttent military anthnril)' for thM commall(le<l by anottler shall, if he docs
not intel1d to return to the arca which he IC:l\'ell, nomy the competent miliblry
authority commanding th.'lt area of hi~ chln~e of residence.
(2) If such person havinJ,! intended 10 return <locs not return within three
months. he shall notify the cnmptlenlmilitary authority as ....fOl'ellaic1 irnl'(ledialely
on the expiry of lhat period.
(31 The competentmilitarv authority on beingnoti6ed of a chanJ.!c of residence
nnder sub-section (1) Or sub-section (Z) rna)'. subject to the provi&ioll!l of
section IS, tmnder such person from the COfj'lS <ir unit in which he is servinR to
another corps or unit.

(1. (1) Am' cnr<"1led person who lus altaint'd the aRe o( forlY-Me )'COITS or Dllthule.
has completed "fonr )"c:ars' ~ryjc(' fro~ the elale of bis enrolment shall, on
application 1l\1de by him in the pre~crihect manner, be entitled to receive his
discharR;e from the Burma Auxili1ry Force.
(Z) An enrolled person who is not entitled to his dischar~e onder
.suh-section (I) shall be discha1l!ed hy the competent mllitar, authority on
a recommend:ttion of the Advisory Committee in this behalf.
(3) An)' enrolled person m,u' he di$Char~ed b)' such authority, and subject to
such conditiolls, as m,'y he prescribed.
(4) Notwithstandin~ an)"thinJ! contained in .uhseclions (1), (2) Olnd (J) no
enrollerl person shall in lime of w:ar or in any e!"trlt::nc.)' which m;ay be noti6ed
by the Pre$ident of the Union be entitled to recel\'e hiS dlscharJ:e.
 52 Burma All,nliary Fora.

Callin, wi 18. No person liable to perionil military s~rvice under this Act ~hall be
and ClI'bo"ili rt.'tluirc(llo perform such lier"i'e except-
menl, (a) when l;;l.1l~d Ollt with any portion of the Bunn:. Auxiliary For.:e by an
c.rder oi Ih~ senior milittry officer pre~cllt either to ad in support of
the civil Ilowcr or 10 pro\'ide gllal'ds which, in the opinion of such
oll",.:er, arc e~selllhi ; or
tb) when ;lily portion 01 the Bnrma Anxiliary Force to which he belon~s
h:.s bt:ell e,llb,died to support or supplement (thc Bunna regul:lJ'
fon:es}I in the evcnt of an emer~ency by a Ilo!inc.'lioll directinJ:: such
embodiment iSjl1ed by the President of lhe Union and pnhlisl:cd in
the Gay-cUe; or
(,) \~'hen nttat:hed at his o\\'n request \0 any re~lllar forces,

, 1921, ,
AJ'lplk:ltion 21. (1) E\'eI'Y commissioned officer of the Burma Al1ltiliary Forcc, when
Qf the Army doilll:: Illlly as :\ commissioncd officer, and every (warrant oOicerJ J nOll-commis
"'t. sioued nfficer nrul mtlll of the nid force-
~I) when attached to or otherwise actinJ:l as part of or with :Iny rellular
forces, and
(b) when called out by an order. or embodied by 3. llotifJCat\on, under
section 18 1
sh3.l1 b~ subjcl,;t to the provisions of (the Burma Army Al,;t} l tlml any orders or
rCJ,:ul:ttioIlS ma(Ie Ihereunder, and Ihe sai(I Act, orders ;lud rt'j;!ulatiolh shall "ppl~'
to C\'cr~' such pcrsnn in the circumst:'\nc~ aforcs:tid :as if HIe ~:une wtre t'l1acle'l
in Ihis Act. and as if sueh PCl'1\Oll Iwld the ,,:une r:tnk ill (the llnrlllll. Al'1Il~]' as
hc holds for the time heil;J: in th~ said fOtce, subject in ll:e casr of an onicer, 10
the 1('l'llIs of his commission and'IIIC ort!ers o{(~lte I'rcsidtlll of {he Ullion}I, and,
in tile Cil~e of a [\\':1:'1',11I1 oRicerJ' nOll,commissioned ofticl'r 01' man, 10 Ih,,; ordus
or the l'r~'sident of UIC Union.
IZl \\'her'\.' an OrlellC(' punishable Utl(I~T {the nUl'ma Aml}' Act] I has been
<;olllalilk:.1 h}' allY pl.'r~oll whilst Sl1hj~"C1 10 Ihal Act ulilicr tht, prodsions of
sllh-st.'c:ion (I), such pel'SOl\ mar he bkcll iuto and !;'ept ill milihrr t'uslo<lr ;lll(!
trie(l "ud punished for such orfellce, althollJ:lh ht' has ceasel! to he so suhjec\ as
aores;\i(l, in like manlier as he miJ,!ht hwe hcell taken ill In tIlld keJ:t ill nli:itarr
custod)', tried or pnnislu:d if he had c(\utlnucd to be so subject:
Pro\'i.led that no such pcfl'on shall he kept in Illiliiat\' cllsloo\, after he bas
C\.':\aed to belong to the Bnrm" Auxiliary Foret. uuless hr. h;\~ heell'lakell illio or
keRt in nlilitary clls:oOr on :l\"count of the offel!('e hefore the <ble 011 which he
('ea.<;cd so to helon:.!, IhlT Sh;lll he he kept ill military .::uSlo(ly or he tried or
pnnhhed for Ihe off~nce after lhe eXlliry of 111'0 mon(h~ from th:ll (lalt, unless
his triOlI h!,d alrea Ir comnwnced befort such exrirr.

22. If allY persOll liable to perform milibry sen'icc limIer this Act fails 10
RClI$.,1 to compl)' with an order or notifiC,ltion tllHlcr ~.::ti(ln 18 callinc him ont or emOOny-
l'l[ll'car for
,uilit,lry ill~ him for milit1ry ser\'ief', any Di<;lrkt M<t:.!istr.lIC maY,OI1 tile tll'plic;ltion of
s.:rdc:e. the .::ompettnt militnry aUlhMitr (( nf an nniret empow,,;red hy i'>ut'h authnril)'
ilJ. writilll! in lh:lt behaH, cau~e such person 10 be atTe~h'd nnd l)f(tl1j,!ht he(ore
him, ani. if the Magistrate is 53.tisfied thai sLlch petitOn has he~n duly rrql1ittd to

I SllbJlitllleJ b~'lht Ul1k", of Hllrm~ (Ad,'ptaliull <>f Lawfl Ord,'r, 1Y4~,

I Rtrca1t" Ily Act XX, t9H,
Inwrlell ;I~,I,
 S3
perform mi)iloll'Y ~tr\'i"e, IhE' MnRislrate mar, withe,nt preju<Iice to any pellally
\\"hil:h snch persoll m<1Y h:1.\'( incurred, nlake OllfT such person in custody to
the mililary authorities.
2J. An enrolled ~rson whl') refuses or wilhoullawful neuse {the burt!l:n of PmaJfi5 lor
l'l'o\ill/.! which sh:alllie upon such penon) n('glrds- hRxb (J{
sccUo", 8,
to com 1'1)' wilh all' oroer under scelion 8 i or
ItI) 14 and 16.
(6) 10 :tHen,l lor medical e:nminalioll. or to comply \dth the uil'cdiol\s o(
the medical oOicer, as required b)' section J4 ; or
ttl to notify any change of residence as required by section 16 ;
shall he punishable with fine Wl1ich ffi,i)' exfend to tift) ru~n.
24. ,'\n enrolled person commils:\O offcl:ce if he, in circumstanca when he Other
.is not SUbjlcl to milil<il"}' law, d~s "">'
of the feUawing ads, !lamely;- 08'cnCCl.
(J) when on p:'Iradc or undcr/.loinJ.: military traininJ.: or wearing [military} I
uni{orm-
(eI) strikes, or nses or offers violence 10 or nses Ihrt3teninl: or
insobordinate lanl:II,1ge 10, or behaves with conlrnlpt to, his
superior officer; or
(b) disol>e}'s any sbnoing ordu of, or lawful comm:lnd given 1,,)', hi,
sllJx:rior officer i or
ftl neglects to obey a J.:eneral or garrison order made speci.lIly apl,licOible
to the Bunna AuxiliJry Force b}' the compctenllni!itary authority;
0<
(dl i~ in 3 state of inln:-:kation ; or
(e) king 3 [\\:'Irr.\nt oO'cer, or]t non-commissioned officer slrikeli or
i1!tre:lts 111y J'CPOu subject to llIi1il.1tr bw or tl? this Act, or 10001I1e
Burma Tcrrilorlal Force Act, who it his subordinate ill r.mk or
position;
(2) without sufficient cause hils to ;,\Ppc3r at the placc of parade 31 the
tillle lixell or 10 aUentl al an)' place in hi~ cap.1city asa mem\)(r of the Burma
Auxiliar}' Force, \\ hen clul~- reqnfted so to attend, or when on p."rade wilhout
sumciel1t cause quils the r.\1-ks ;
(;) without sufficient cause fails 10 perfonn :lny p:vt of the training which
b}' or tllHler this Act h~ is required to perform;
(.,l) strikc~, or uses or offers violence to, any person \\'h~ther subject to
mi:ihrr law or \lot in whose military custody he is placed, and whether IIiCh
Ikl"llon is or is 1I0t his sup.:riOf ofJicer ;
IS) mists an escort whose duty it is to ;,rrest him Of debtin him in military
custod~' ;
l/'l) bein~ undlr arrest or detcntion or otherwise in bwful milil.iry cllstody
escapt'S or attempts to escare ;
(i) whcn in char~ll of ::Iny pHiperly bclon~in~ to Go\'erumenl or \0 a Cf,rps
or unit (If lhe Burm3 Auxiliary Jo'orce, m~k,:s away witll, or is c(>ncerned in
m.1kill~ away with, an\, such property;
(8) wilfllll)' injures, or by cul~ble ne~lt loses ClrCall!C'S injury.. t&, any
Stk:h prcpcrt}' as is menliolll in clause (1) ;
(91 wili'llllr illtreats a horse or other animal used in the public !l("rvice;
(JOI kllnwin~lr furnishes a false rdurn or rcpc.rt of the numher or st:tle of
men ullllcr his comm:'lntl or ch:'lrlo!c, or of all)' mone)', arms or amTl'lllnition,
dOlhillg, cC')uil1mcnt. st'.res or other property in I:is chari!,e;
(11) lhroup;h l1csiWI orculr-ahle nes:.lect omitl to make or send an\' return
(ff any matter mentioned in clause flO) which it is his dilly to make or send; .
, SubsuMed by the U"ion 0( tiar~ (,\dart~icrl 0' La__1 OrdCT, 1911.
t Illtcrted ty Ad: XX. 1'>43.
 (12) when it is his official dnty 10 make a declaration respecting any maUer,
makes a decl.lralion respectinj:l: such nnller which he either knows or believes to
be false or does not beli~ve to be true i
(13) knowingly makes against any person subject to military law 01' to this
Act or to the Burma Territorial Force Act an 3J.:cusation which he either lmows
or believes to he fa.lse or does not believe to be true;
<I4} falsely personates any other person at any p;lr.u!e or on :Iny occasion
when such other person iii reljuired by or under tbis Act to do any act or :l,tlend
at allY place. or abets .IllY sllch act or personation.
Punishment 25. (1) AllY perSOli commiltinc anr of the oJTenJ.:cs specitied in subclauses
for oIfclIltl. (6), lel ami (d) of clause (JJ or in clauses (2), (3J, (S), (/1) and (141 of section 24
IInder
fwtlol.l 2~.
shall ht: punishable \\'ith line which m:lY extend 10 two hUllf!re(]rupc.:s,
(Zl Any person committin~ an)' other olfl"lle~ spcciJied ill section N sh:\lIlx:
punishable with imprironmer.t which mal' txtl:nd to two months. or with nne
which may e:ctend to tw(' hundred rupee::. cr with both.
Disnlisul, 26. The competent military authority may in his discretion dismiss any
enrolled person from the Burm:\ Auxiliary Force.
Sunm,aly 21. The President of the Union may prescl'ibt Sl1mmary aud minor
a"d Inilll>r punishments for offences llllcler section 2~ or lor contrawution or an)' rule or
runillulIcnb. n'~ulation made under this Act 10 which ellrollrd ~rsollS sh;l.lI be li:\blt: withltut
the inter\'ention or a crimin:l.1 Courl t and the oOker or officer:- llY \\ hom and the
cln:ulllst:IIlCCS in which ,'nd the ,xtellt 10 \\'hich such summary and minor
punishlilellts rna" be inAi::t~d. and the manner in \\ hich :mr such pnnishment
ma~' be enforced:
Provided th;l.t no punishment invoh'illj.! ~n)' kind of imprisOJ1lllent fl'all be
imposed as a summary or ntinor pllnislllllent :
Provided further that no sumrnar)' punhhment shall be inrlicted in an)' C:lse
in which the accused c!:lims to be: tried by a criminal Court.
Prc~"n,pt;on 21A, Where any lw:\rrant oftkcr.l' 1I011"C'Ornmi.~i0l1edoRicer or man of Iht
ulocvt.l;lI
dtK:"m~"1lI;..
or
Anxiti."I1 Force is rtquired h)' or in pursnancc any .ule, rt!!ulation or order
mat:e under this Act, to attend ;,t :Ul}' place. a certificate purporting to be siJ.!,etl
by the prescribed officer statinj.! thnt the person ~o rcquired 10 nttencl bilcd 10
dCl so in accordance with ~Ilch n:ql1irelllcllt, shall, \lithol1t proof of the sij.!nalme
or :\rtpoinlmenl of such onker, be evidence of the matters staltcltherein.
Ad.-i50.... 28. (II nle Presitlent of Ihe UIlion shan constitute [or each presaiheJ
Commitla. mililitry area ont or mC'rt: Advisor)' Committees e:'Ich consi:;tin!! of three or nlOre
IlltlDhcrs, of whom one shall be the competent milil:'!.r) authority :'!.nd the olhers
sb....U be persons dilo!ihlc for tnrollll~1I1 in the Bunn:!. Auxili:r.l1 Forcc, within
the mt<\l1inJ.! (If section 4, who shaH he :lllflOinlcd :\I111na1l)' by, or ulIller the
of<lcr~ of. tht Pr~i(lcnt rof the Pni"n.
(21 AllY Advisory COJllluilk,; ..::oustilulcd fIJI' " pl'~Sl:ribell military area or a
part t1~reor, as the c:\se mar bo:, which includes a place 10 which the President of
the Union may, h) "f(ler in wrilin~. (h-cb.re this subSt:ction to appl). shaH consist
('( not less th:\l1 n\c membtrs. of whom not more tlnn two shall be persons in
the sen,;ee of Govtrnment.
'31 'nle ~ident of the Ullion shall prescrihc the dUlies, po\,ers ilnd
pn)(;edllre of Advis::lr)' Commitlet's ilnd, in p..,rlicular, the matters in res~t of
which the crompetenl milit:lry authority shall be bound 10 l!ivc effect to a
re,'omnlt::ndalion of an Advisory Committee llnk~s the President of the Union
otherwisl:: directs.
I Inlcrled by Act XX,190.
 Burma Au~iIitJr)' to-'. 55
29. The President of the Union may constitute allY COl'pS or nnit and may ColleliluliOft
and dis<
<lisband all)' corp$ or unit constitnted under this Act. balldll:enl
of unit.,

3D. (1) The President of lhe Union may mak~ rules 1 to carry out the Power 10
purposes of this Act. make
(2) In p<lrlkul<lr, and without prejudice to the generality of tile loregoill~
powers, such rules mar-
(l,) l)t'(Jvide for the appointment of enrolling oOi.cers;
(11111 prescribe the allthorit~, whidl sll<ll1 be the competent military authority
for any purpOse under thb Act j
(bl prescribe militarr areas for the purpo~es of tllis Act i
(c) prescribe the mallner in \\'IJich and the conditiOlls sub jed to which
persons may offcr themselves for enrolment under this Act altd the
conditiOlls governing- applications to be enrolled in a particular
hl';'lnch, corps or UJlit ;
(d) dcJine lhe manner in which and the conditions under which persons or
anv class of persons liable to military sclTice uncleI' this Act Illay be
e:O<\~lned from heing Collled out or cmhl1dicd ;
(c) prescribe the military training to be undergone by persons liat.1e to
'nihl:lr)' lrainin~ undtr sectiOn 6 bul not 10 military service under
sel:lioll 7 :
(f) prescribe the conditions governing the ~rant 0(, and the rates of pay
for, and rrovide h\r the grant of aJlO\\1mce~ to, tnrol1ed persons:
(t) prescribe for aoy mHitlry arta which is a railway arta or [01' any area
heyond the 1iOlit.~ of the Union of Hunna the authorities which shall
he deemed respedively 10 he the Government and the District
1.lag-istralc for all or any of Ihe purposes of Ihis Aet; al',d
(,I,:) prodde for allY olher matter \\'hich under this Acl is to be or may be
prescribed.
(3) Any rnlr mule under this section may \Jrnvi<le that :1 contravention
thenof sInH be pnnislnhle with fine which may e:o<lend to lifty rupees.
(4) Thc power to make rules conferred hy this section shall, except 011 the
lirst occasion of lhe exercis(,: th~reof. be ~Ilbject IJ lhe cOlldi,ion of pn:vious
puhlkatioll.
(5) AlIl'I1les made under [his se.::tion shall be published in the Gal.dle, and on
such publication sh,.11 hare effed as if enacted in this Act.

31. TIle (General Officer Commandin~, Burma ArmyJ I mi.y milke re~ulalions I'ower to
con:;islenl with thi.. Act an(1 the rules ma<le thereundel' pl"ovidinJ.! ~clleral[y [or mate rc,..la-
llel;lils coltneded with the organisation :lnd personnel of the Burma Auxiliary HOlII.
Force, and for the dUlie~, equipment, mililarr traininj.!, a.llowances and leave of
enrolled persons.
32. For the purposes of sections 128, 130 and 131 of the Code of Criminal Certain
Procedure, all officers, [warrant officers,] I noncommissioued officers and men per,OII'
Ii:lble to perform military lIen'ice onder this Act who have been a~pointed to a I .. hjed 10
(OIP:; or unit !!llal1 be <leem~d to be officers, (warrant officers,)' non-commi~;ioned lhb Act to be
dCtll1ed pt.,!
officers, and soldiers, respeetively, of [the Burma] , Army. of the Surma
Army for
certain
pllrJlOlC1l.
, For rllll:$ under tills Icelion, See lJunna GtI;.r/t'. 19H, Part 1, (I. 93?
Sub51lhdcd by Ad XX,lf}oJ3.
I InSeJ"tcd ibid .
Substituted by the Ullion of Burma (AdapbliOll of Law.' Order. 1948.
 56 Suruta A./lzifw:y Force..
Trial 01 JJ. Sa.\"~ as otherll'ise provided by section 21, no offence ullderthis Act shan
ol'fCIICCS. be tried SJxe hy a Court !lot iuferior to that of :I Ual!is!rate 01 the lirst cl3.55,
EWlllr1ioll H. No enrolled person sh"ll he liable to pay <'Iny lllunicip:ll or other tax ill
(,(lIn IllCal n:~per.t of :t herst, bicycle ,motor-l1icrcle, molor C;11 or other mean$ of conveyance
bxalioa.
which he is autliorisc(1 by a Q:('llcral or special order of the competent mili13ry
:lutllori1no mainl:lin in hi, capacitr as a member 01 the Burma Au:ciliary Force.

SCHEDULE 1.
lSu sections 9, 11,12 and IS.)
TIUIli'IXG.

I. I'rdilllinary_

1,'1 lor infl~trr 3Z (!a)~. Ind lhc ann"al mtlskelry (OURe as bid
down In re!luhlin",. .
16l for other br~nchu -10 d.')~, and the ;ulI1ual mlls~ctrr or 1:1111 COUTlt:
a1 lai,1 dowll in rCj:(1111tions..
2, Pl'li,'OCIi~l-

III Aetin c1Ul!-

,",I I", inl;Ullry 20 eLlY" ill l"3(h trai~iq; rur, ~lId lhe illnaal
mou.kd,l' course :Ii bid tIn..-n in 1t',:ul.llionJ.
161 lor otIM:r b,""c!loN 20 cbJS in c;oc:' In;~in:t ~-Qr. lnd the iT'llull
or ;ua
ll'U.ko.:lt) c:oaf>C as liid d_1I ill
re&alatiom.
Ul RtsttTe CI.lIoS_

'AI f'rnoltntl lIanskrrc:d Irom the

.\di-e'l1au.
.\11 brln... hn.
(HI ~hOl",d r.cr"ill"d direcl 10 the
I
Tht allnual ....,"f'OIl train;n&
Jlllhorik'CI;n <q:l,l.diol!i.

Rtl.e"~ daJ:i-
1"1 for ;n(."II1' .
It! for "ther IIT.lldll'

t'uTlt.-lcf ~"ctjon lil.-.;~.'erl d"rinl: f":~iodkll lr;linint: in UIIII', I d.,,' Cdnsi$ll III 100Ir
flour. III IChMI luiliury rlrill O~ i\<,'lioJll an,l mol)' b: milk ul' ul fra,:tj\lllll)/ ) dll' nUl Inure than
l'lUr III nUll,l>o..r.

VOLUN'n:ER fORCES (PRURalON IN CIVIL EMPLOYMENIl Aer.

~/.)tl.J1 i~~'O' .;05
~:;\-~'t~,ft.t.~~ (Rt'IUU Act IX" 1940.) 't(&h Uarch, 19-10.)
~~"
I, (1) n,is Act m:l~' he calle,1 the Vohmle'\t{ Fot.:e1 (Protection in Civil
Em;.lo\"lilt'nll Ad, 19010: :tlld
ItI It $!l;\1! c(\m", illlo for.:e 011 the d:lle on whit;h the Volunteer }o'ora:s
(Protection in Ci\'ill::mvlo\"llJcnl) Ordillallc(', 19010, ceas~~o operate,
2. lI) The terlU "V,)lunleer f()lo.;~" shall include Ht.I:: Burm:t Na\'al
Volunteer Reserve Force, the Army ill Burm:l Resen:c of om~s, the BUI'ma
 Volu'llur Forces (ProucUon ill Civil "EtnP/OYl1Jefll), 57
Auxiliary Force, til Burma Territorial Force, the Auxiliary Air Squadt'oll, and
such other volullte Naval, Military, or Air Force~ as may fl'om time to time be
rai:ied in the Union 0 Bnrma,
(Z) The: term " mployer" shall include any l.lOdy of persons, whether
incorporated or nd, an 1 any man:1ging ",gent of all emrlo)'cr and the le~al repre-
s('ntati\'c of a deceaser emple'rer, hilt ~h:lll r.ot inclu{k the Go\'ernment, :t1l(I, for
the pmpDse of sectirm 4 f thi:> Act, shall mean the employer by whom the
employee was employed when the said employee WJS called to Navy, Army or
Air Force service.
3, No employer shall ~il:'miss, disc111rJ!.e or otll('fwisc Hmove from his
employment or discontinue It~s. employment of an empl~)Yl'c merely on the J.!ro1.1lid
that the elllployee by virtue Of his ll!l'lIll>ershir of a \-OIUllleel' fmce b~ ht'ell
called or is liable to be cnlkd to Navy, Army or Air 1o'0rce selvice. or that the
unit of the volunteer force to which the employee helongs h;$ b~eri or is liahh'
to be embodied.
... No employer shall refuse to reinstate an employee, who by virtue of his
membership of '" vohlnleer force has been called to Navy, Army or Air Force
service, in his employment at the terminatiC'n of th;ll service in all occup<1tion
and unclet conditions 110t less fayo\lr:'lhle 10 the employee than th(1se which
would have been applicahle to him ha.d he not been called to service as aforesaid:
Provided that refusal to reinstate Itn employee shall not be an offence under
this se(!tion ii-
(i) the employee dOd nul withili"ollc month of the expir)' of 11 is Navy,
Army or Air Force scrvi~e, tIllS such period of lea,'e as may be
granted to him IInder tile Na"-al, Artny or Air Force re~llialiolls 10
which he is !'<ubjcct, apply to thc employcr for reillshtement, or
(H) the employee ha\'illg heen offen.". d feim,lalemrnt hy the employer at
the expiry of his period of Na\'y, Army or Ail' Force serdce, ftlu.
such petiod of kaye as may he ~r:lnte(l 10 him under the Naval,
Army or Ab" Force reJ.!ulalion~ to \\"hich he is subject. fails to present
himself for employment at the time ami place notified to him by the
employer, or
(iii) by reason of a chaMe of circumstances (other than the engaRcment of
some other person in the employee'!! placel it is not reasonabi y
practicable for the cmplorer to rei-~lstate the emplo}'ce in an
occupation :Iud under circumstances not,less Cilvourable to him than
those which would have heen applicabl~ ~o him if he had net heen
called to service :loS afMei;aid and !lui, emplo\'cr has offered to
reinst::lte the employee in the most fa\"ourable occupation and under
the most f"vour"ble circum~tall(.es reasona.blr practic;.ble,
5. An employer who contravenes :he pl'ovisir,l111 nf s~{"li(\n 3 or section .; of
this Act shall t:e pllnished with illlPrillOl1mcnt of either ~cseription for a tum
which may extend to six monlhs, or wilh line which may c,xlend 10 rupees one
thol1sand. or with both; <J.l1d th\': COllI'! m",~' also ordel\ lhc payment to an
('lUp!oyee by.an employer who has been convicterl of an oUellce nnder either
section 3 or section 4 of:t sum in compen!'<ation not excecclinj.( six months'
salary at the ra.te at which the employee's salary w"s last ~ayable to him by
the employer, .
6, OfJ-:nces undel" this Act shall he b'iahle only by the District Ma.J!.istrate or
by an Additional District Uagistrate of the District in which the emploree was
hst emplr,yed hy the employer.
1 7 , 0) * .. *
Deleted t>y the U'niOD of Bunn" {A<1artatioo of Lawlil Order. 1"')48.
 nlE'l;oLDIERS unCAnON Acr
(INDIA ACT IV, 1925,1 (hi April, 1925.)
I . ,
Ueliniliollt, 2. In this Act , uuless there is anythill~ repll'lnanl in the suhject or cont~xt,
(II) " Court " m~allS a ch'il or r~venue Court;
(6) .. Burm.ln soldier" me-lllS :my puson subject to the Burma ArDl)' Act;
I,) It prescrihed " mrans prescribed by rulrs made uuder tbis Act; and
(til" proceedinA .. illc.lud('l an)' suit, appeal Cf applirnliou.
Cin"llm 3. r'or Ihe purposes of this Act. a Burm;m soldier shall be det.~ed to be or
.t~1(a ill 31 the ca,,~
may be,lo have been serving-
whkll
Bllnn~n (a) nuder special condition$-when he is or has been 8ervin~ ,mder \l'ar
,,,Idin Ihall conditions, or overseas, or at au)' pbee lr,l1lsidc the Ulliou] 'i
be d(l.1ned (b) limier war conditions-when he is 01' h:ls been, al :my time durin!: the
10 be liervin'
lImlcr ,peci:ll continu:lnce of :my hostilities ded,lred by the Pl',,'sident of the Unioll
l.UJdilionl, by llotilkation in the Gazette to cnnstitu(e :I sl:lte of war for the
purposes of this Act or at ;my time durif'~:1 period 01 six
months thereafter,-
ti) servinJ: out of the Union of Bunn:l,
(iii undLT orders to proceed On I1eld Ie"icc,
(iii) serving with an}' unit which is [or tht time bein!: mobiliscd. or
(ivl servinJ,:" nucler conditions which, in the f'[tinicn of 11.1'0 pru<:ribcd
:lulhority, precJnde him from oblaiuinJ: Iea,c of absence to enable
him 10 allend a Courtasa p;lrty to an~' proccedin/{. or when he is or
has been at allY other time servin)! nndcrconditionsst'tviee unde.r
which lias been declared by the l'resident of the Union by
notirlC:ltion in the Guelle to be service nnder war conditions; ;Iud
(d overseas-when he u or has been scrYing in any 'p1ace the journey
between which and thc Union 1)( Burll),"! il onlinarily undertaken
wholly or in p,lrt b}' $f':I.
Plorlklibn ... II :\lIr person presenling 1nr rlaint, :lpplicatiou or appeal to :my Court
to 1M: fllf- has re:lson to believe tll;lt an) adverse party is:l RUrlll:lll soldiel' \VilO is scr\.jnl:
ni.hedin under speci:ll conditions, he shall slate the hel in his plaint, :lppiication or a.. peal.
rL,inl$, a(l-
plkaliOll'
Of arpc~b
toCowt.
s. If ;tnl' Colle...1 or has re:lSOll 10 helieve tI",t any Rmman soldier, who
F,..""" ordinarii)' resides or has fII"Operty in his districl and who is a part)' 10 3ny
Colllc.:1or 10
illt(1'\"(IlC pnXeetlinll: pending bel~ any Court, is nn3blc to ap(ll'J.r thcreiu, the Colk..d or
ill 0$C0I
.....reJ'l'e.
may certif}' the facta in the prescribetl mannrr to the CourL
IK'nl..-d
HIIrnla'\
Hlldier,

Nalke 6, If :I Colledor hu certified under s!Clion S, or if 'the Court has reason

to~ .:hfll to believe. tb;Jta Burm:ln soldier, who is a pul}' 10 ,lUX proceeding pending
in (';\Se 0(
_re....~ beiOfe it, is un.ble to ap~'ear therein. and if the soldier is nbt r.:prt$ented hr aP)'
~e"tect pef$On duly authori~d to appear, pleAd or act 00 his beh;a1f, the Court shall
""'.....
lOldier.
suspend the proceedinJ!. and shall J!M notice tlw'eof in Ihe prescribed mallller
10 the prescribed authority:
I Sllbstillltcd by tile UwOll ol: Bllnn~ IAlbptatloll of L;r,wll Otdcr, 1948.
 S9
Provided that the ~llrt tnJy I'drain frum !'uspendill~ lhe prcceetling and
issuinJ,! the notice if-
(13) the proceedi is a suit, appeal or application instituted or made
by the sole ier l alone 01' conjointly with olhers with lhe object
of enforcing ~ right of pre-emption, or
(b) the mlerests ot\lhe soldier in the proceedil1A arc, ill the opinion of the
Court, cither\~(leutical Wilh Iho:;e o( any <Iller llilrly to the proceed.
ing and ndequ~tely I"rprcsentecl by SIIl,;h elhel' party or mel'dy of a
formal nature.
7. If, all receipt of a nolice under section 6, the Pl'tscribed authority 1'011{lOllc-
certifies in the prescribed JJl3nnCr Co the Courl in wllich the proccf'dillj.! is IlIclll 01
rroccclllng.
pcndill~ that Ihe soldier in resp\;:ct of whom the notice was ~i,el1 is ~ervil1j.{
under special conditions, and that a postponement of th~ prol'ecdin~ in ft"bpect
of the soldier is necessary in the intt~resls of justice, the COllrt shall therclipon
poslpOne the proceedinl-tin respect of the soldier for the prescribed period, or,
if 110 period has been prescribed, for sm.:h period as it thinks fit.
8. If, after issue of a notice under seclion 6, thc prescribed aulhorit~ elther COmlmay
ccrtil;es tint the soldicl" is not servinJ,( nnncl' special ('onditions or that iSlith flOst. IlTUcced
ponement is not necessary, or fails 10 cedH!', in Ih: e;l{e of:l sl'ldirr re~idt lit ill when no
the di~lrict in which the Court is '3ituate, within Iwo months or, in any 01 her c~tIfiCAle r~eived.
case, within three months from the date of the issue 01 the notice, thai such
postponement is necessary, Ihe Court may, if it thinks lit, continue the
proceedinp:.

9. When allY document pnrportinl! to be signed by the commamlinl! officer POllpone-

of n BUI'm1n soldier who is a party to any proccedinu i5 pro<luecd by or on Illentl'lf
behalf of the soldier before the Court ill which the procee(lin~ is pendin~ :lnd rroa:cdlni'
agaililt
is to th~ effect that thc soldier- Burm~n
(4) is on le,we of absenc~ for a period not exc~~dinu two n10nths, and is soldier
on leave.
on the eXpil"ation of his I,eave to proceed on !\ervice under special
conditions, or
(b) is on sick l~ave for a period 1:0~ exccedinl! t1m~e months, :md is on Ihe
expilalion of his leave to rejoin his unit with a view 11 prnceeclinR on
~rvjce under special conditiollS,
the proceedin!!. in re~pect of stich soldier ""ay, in an}' l'ase such as is rtrerred to
in the proviso to section 6, and shall i~ :IllY other case, he postpc:ned in the
manner pr0vided in sectioll 7. \
10. (I) In :IllY procet{ling bt'ore a COl~1 in which a deCiu cr or<!er bas Power to
a~idc
t>~el1 pas!l~d a~ainsl any Burm:lll soldier Iwhilsl he was servill~ unc:er war kl
dCCfefS and
conditions or nnder any special conclitions, tilt: sO,I<Iier may :q pi)' to the Comt ordulpa-xd
whicll pil'3'>d the decree or order for an order 10 set aside the same, and, if the againlt iii
Court, after ~ivjng: an opportunity to the oppas!le party 'of being heard, i8satis~ed Burnliilll
thal the interfsts of justice t('quire that the c!e~ree or order should be fet ?slde ,oldln ,erv
lng under
as a:.:ainst the soldier the Court shall, subject tn such conditions, if any, aI it war or
thinks lit to impr.se, ~ake an order accl'r<linJ,!I}'. lpeclal con:
(Z) No such application shall he entertained unless it is made within Iwo clition,.
months (rom the cXri1v of the lirst ~riorl o~ thirly eb)'s alter the date of the
rlecret> or order. or where Ihe sllmmons or noticl' was not daly ~ervt'd on the
applicant, after the date on which the applicanl had kno\\'ledRe of the dec.ree or
orrler. durin[.( 1\0 Pilrt of which the soldier waS serVing onder special conditions:
P,' ;vi:le:l th::lt th~ jl;".)\'isb:l:: of section 5 of the Limita!ion Act shall apply
to such applications.
 So/dim Lilitatiofl.
(j) When the decree br ord~r in respect of which all application ondcr sob.
section (1) is made is of such a nature that it Clonot hc ~et miide as against tile
soMier only, it may be set a~ide as alt-linsl all 0.. allY of the p:u"ties againsl'whom
it has been made. \
(4) W11erc a Court sets ~side a decree or order \mder IQis section, it shall
appoint a day for proceeclj"ng with the suilr appnl or applic;llion, as the
case may be.

Nodi~catiOl1 U. In l.:Omputil,g the period ollimitaLion prescriLed b}' the Limilation Act,
of law of or any olhel' law for the lime bein~ in (orce, for any snit, :lppell or :lpplication 10
Iitlliblion
where :In}' COllrl any Pilrly 10 which is or ha~ been a Bllnnan soldier, lhe lillie durinj,t
Hurman whkh lhe soldier has been servinj:( under war conditioll~ [since the 3rd day of
iOIdier September 1939)' shall be ell:c1u~d:
servinl
under war Provided that Illis seelion shan not appl~' in the case of any suit, appeal or
or $petial application instituted or made ,with the object of enforcing a tight of
condlliona p.. e.~mption,
il a party,

Power ol .2, If any Court is in doubt whether, for the purposrs of section 10 or s"ection
Courito II, .:'l.1ly Burman soldi~r is or W,18 at any particular time ~ervilll-: ullder \\'<lror olher
refer ques special conditions, it may rerer the point for the dt:dsioll of tile prescribed
tion alto
whether authority, and the certificate of that, authority shall be conclu~ivt: evidence
service ...u on the poillt.
under \'!p
or other
apte1al eon
ditiona, '

Rule- 13. The President of tbe Union, after consultin~ the HiCh Court, may, by
making notification in the Guette, m\ke rules to provide (or all or any ,,( lhe following
power. matter~ namely :-

fa) the manner and form in which an'~ notice or cerificale undn- Ihis Act
shall be liven;
(6) the period for which proceedin~s or any cbss of procet:dinj:(s shall be
postponed under section 7 ;
(e) tbe pers(llli who shall be the presen1.>ed :ll1tl:oritic~ fer the purposes of
this Act i
(0) any other matter which is to be or may be prescribed; and
(el generally, any matter. incidental to the purposes of this Act.

i'o'fo'er 1<) 14. The President 01 the Union rna)', by \!OtifiC.ltioll in the Galette, direct
apply the that all or auy of the provisions of Ihis Act shall apply to any otlter class of
provisiona
of Ihe Act persons in the service of [the Government] , specilied in such notification in the
to <ther same manner as they apply to Burman soldiers.
penon. in
the SCTvice
othe
GoICfnlllcDt

LSlIbttiluted by the Union oillun...l IAd~pt.,tion 01 Law,) Order. 1948.

 61
1HE IVRMA NAVAL VOWN11:III . . . .VI IDJS(]PUNE)ACr. ~I~t.i ~..
'tU
,
~"j'"''''' ~
[B.... A'i' XV. 1940,) 16Ih Se,'ember, 1940.1 " ....Oli...., 1'~~1
II. f1l This Acl ma)' \bt called the Burmt N'aval Volunteer Reael"t'l
(Discipline) Act. \
(Z) It ex lends to the wbolt of the Vnwo of Burma and applies to members
of the Dumlao Naval Volunteer Rtstl'\"e \\bcmrer they mlY be.
2. The President of lhe Ullion m:lY m:lke rules I for the government,
Reserve.
...''". "
disci)lline and regul:tlion of Ihe B'Uml::l N.wal Volunteer

3. W Suhject 10 the provi~ions of section 4, the N'l.'ul Discipline Act Rhall

:appl}' 10 the Burm;\ N,rnJ Volunteer H6tt'Yt and ships n.iled :'Ind provided b, Vkt., t.
the President of the Union as if tha.I Act were in the (orm in which it is Itt
(arth in lht Schmulr to tlii.Act.


'(1)
0
~ e

'rery memher of the Ril.'rna N,yal Volunteer Rese.." wbile uiulcrioing

training or stn;n!! on boord an)' nut! 01 olher"isc, in IlI,lT1UaOCe of rules made Vkt.,
under section 2, shall be subject to the N:Ionl Discipline Act as Itt oul in the
109.-
<,
... "
Schedule to this Acl :md shall COulinue to be to subject unlil dulr reltawd from
such Imining or aervice, :IS the c:ISt m:lY be.
I. (J) If any member nf the Burm, Naval Volunleer Reserve, when
rtqui~d, in rursnance of rul nt.,de under section 2, 10 :!lIend on board :lony
"cuel or at :lny p1~cc for the purpose of nnderQ:oinlllr.tining. fails without
rusonJl>le UCU!iC to :lolt.md in al.:cortbnee with snch requirement, he .hall be
punishahle with rine which In:ty cztcnd to tWi) hundred rupees.
(2) If :tny memher of the Rnrm:t Nav.l! Volnnteer Reserve, when c:llled
into ~n'ice :tnd rrquircd b~' SUell clll tn join :lny yessel nr attend lit any place,
fails withnut rca!lOn:lhlc CZCllse 10 cOlnply \\;Ih .uch rtqllircrnent al or wilhin
such lime as the Pres.idnlt of Ihe Union lOa)', hy or;!er, dirt<:l. he .hall he liable
10 he apprehenderl and pamished in the &:lme mannn: as a penon in or belobJting
10 (the Bunna Na\'rl' desertine or improPerly ab!entinll: himtelf from dUly,
cZl:epl tbat the punishment sh:\11 not exered imprisonment which rna)' ezlend to
twoJ'c:\rs,
6. Where an)' member of the Burm:! Nanl Volunt~ Re!Crve i, required,
in ptlUlUnce of ruTes nude under section 2, to attend 011 board Iny VCMd or at
any place for Ihe purfO$t of undtrJ:oinll: lrainil~, or i. ~Ied into lenke, a
cerli6cate pu~poctinll to be siaoed by an officer appointed in this beh1lf under
-tht. So,id ndes and stalin( that the I.,id member failed 10 attend In accordance
wilh sneh requirement or Co,1I .hall, without proof of the lin.ture or appointment
of suell olfie~r, be evid~nce of the matter .taled therein.
7. No Cc'lurt inferior to that of a K\iisttate of the 6rlt clat lhaU If)' Ui
offence pnnish3ble undtr section S.
I

, s"a"mltltd b)' the Va. . ~ B~(A~of ......., Onkr, J9jI,
I P,wnde. al1lde .nduttle flo.nat Nnal \'01
1939 fOrdill;u," \'1 of 1m IIOW ,.aJcd by
Rnenc 'orr.
(If t"It Ad, _
"lDiIrip&wIOnl.....,
. , . . GMdlt, JMa.
Part I. (I. 69),
I Dtl~ by the Unloa of t!;nna lA4IJllMloa of La.., Ordu,.I9t.
 62 BtlNJltJ NllI,td i"tJluntw RtSl",t.

THE SCHEDULE.

THE NAVAL (lISCIPLINE ACT.

(29 & 30 Viel" c. 109,)
(As modified for application to the Burma Naval Volunteer Reserve.l
Aft Ael to mau ProuisiOlJfor the DisciNiltt of the NtJlI'!I_
,
PART I.
ARTICll'.s OF WAR.

PI/bUr; JIfOT$1Ii~.

~ ...
hcHiUe.\ for
the perll/I;';:-

religi~
dati"-
I. AH officers in command of ships of the Bnrma Na,-al Volunteer Reserve
shall I(ive reaSC'nahlc facilities for Ihe perform:lIIC'e of reliJ,!iol1j; duties b)' the
officcl"'S and nll~lllhen of the crews of thcir respecth-c !lhip.~ to each man
:r.Ct.."Ordinl: 10 his relil.:ion.

~naltylor 2. Everr lIaJ!: officer. c.lptain, COlnm:\lIder or offi~r conlma.o,!in!!: subject 10

ml"CUllduct 111is Act who upon si!!:nal o( hattIe, or Oil sil(ht of a ship of 3n enemy which it
In aclioll. may be his duty to enj.!:lj!e. shall not,
11) IISC his utmOj;t exertions 10 hrinj.( his ship into aelion ;
(2) or shall not dllrin~ such action, in his own person and accordinl(to his
rant, encour:lj:!e his bferior officers and men 10 fij::111 couTa)!eousl)' i
(3) or \~..ho shall :.urrelldt'r his ship to the el1cm)' when cap.1bJe o( making
a succeuful defence, or who in time of :lclion shall improper!)'
withdraw from the liJtht ;
shaJl,.i he h:lS acted traitorouslr. snlfer rl~alh ; if he has acted from cowardice,
shall sutTcr (!e:lth, or stich olher punishmenl ,IS III hereinafter mentioned: and
if he ha~ acte,l from lle).lli).leIlC~ or Ihrou~li Ollu.'r default, he shall be dismissed
from service, wilh 01 \\'ithout clilllJrJ.c~, or shaH suffer such other punishJl\f'nl as
is hereinafter mentioned.

~tyfOf
3, Every officer subject to this Act who shall orhe'll to pUTSUf the chase of
DOl: (lUtWilll( any enemy. pirate, or rebel, be3ten or 1I)'inJ!:. or shall not relieve :lnd assist a
the enem, Icno\\'n friend in view to the utmost of his power, or who sh411 improptrly
....... ""
~n;::a
forsake his slation, shall, if he has I herein acted lraitoron<;lr, sutTer df'~lh ; if he
has acted from cowarclice. ;ulfer dealh or snch nther punishment as is hereinafter
lnelldln
wiew. mcntioned; if he has acted rront m;gli~en("c or thrOLl~h olher clt'fault, shall be
dismissed from service, with dil~race, or shallllllffer such olher puni,hment as
is hereinafter mentioned.
Penalty Ivl 4. When an)' :leliOn or any service is commanded, every person sobject 10
dtlayill:ol this Act who shall presume 10 dela\' or discollTal/:e the said action or serl'ice upon
di'll:Ot1nl in l anr pretence wbltsocwer, or in the presencc or virinity of the enemy slull desert
the sen1 hi~ JlOSI or sleep upon his walch sh:r.1l suffer death or such other punishment as
or dnminl
hit rose. ele. is hereinafter menti~d.
I Oclued by tile Uniorl of BUlml (Ad~l"t.llion of YWI\ Order, 1948.
 B"rJJUJ Harml Vo/llflltv Rtsnw. 63
5. Every per,iOn snbject to III is Act, and lIot bein~ a c(ll.n~~\l(lil it {,ffil'c:r. PtnJ.1!y for
who shall not use his 'ltmost exertions to carry the orders of his superioroffictrs mil.:on(lllet
of lubor-
into exeC1.1tiol1 when onlertld to prerlre lor adion, 01' dnring the :lction, shnll. dinate
if he 110.5 acted tl".\itoruusll', ~uffel" death i if he h:ls acted (l'om cowardict, shall officetl
suffer death, or such olher punishment as is hereinafter mentiontd i and if he and mm la
has actetl from nl.:::li~ellce 01' through other default. be dismissed from service, J.C1lo11,
with disgrace, or suffer such other punishment as is hereinafter mentioned.
COlnlllllflicdfI01lI.ilh th, Elltmy.
6. All spies for Ihe enemy shall be deenled to be persons snbject to Ihis Act, Penalty IOf
:l1ld shall suffer de:l.lh or slIch other punishment as is hereino.!ter mentioned. Ipia.

1. Every person !>uhjed to this A.ct who shall- l'e~llr for

tn"lf'(lnd-
lJ I traitorous!)' hold correspondence wilh or s1lo.1I Riye intelligence 10 the Int:, tic..
enemy i ",ltb Ibe
(2) or billo lllak~ known tu the proper ::l.uthoritie~ any information he m::l.Y enemy.
h..ve received from the en~'m)':
{3l (Ir who shall relieve the enemy with any supplies;
shall ~uffer death, or s,lch other pl1llishmt.nt ~s is herein::l.ter mentioned.
8, Every per~OI1 suhiect to thi~ Act who shall without an~' treac11erous Penally for
intention hold allY improper commlllliC:ltion with the eueln)', shall be dismiuec1 i,npr0Pf!
with ~lis~r:tce (rom service, or sh \II suffer such other punishment as is l1erini'fter ~i~:::i~ca
mentioned. lhe enemy.
Helke' 9/ Dul;t.
9. Every person snbj~t to this Act who shall desert his post or ,leep Upeln
his walch, or nco.:liltently perform tltc duly imposed on him, shall be dismissed
(rom service. with di~g[,\ce, or ~1t:t11 suITer slIch olher punishment a!! is
hereinafler menlitll1td.
l(N/ill)'.

18. Where Inliliny i~ accompanied by violence, every person suhject to this !'enal!y lor
Act wllo shall join \hel1:in shall suffer de~th or snch cther punishment ;IS is mutiny
herein;lfler mClllirnetl i and enr)' pel')on subject Co tbis Act who shalt not use ~ct'Olnranietl
b) act, of
his utmost exe..tions 10 SUVpres~ such mutiny ~hall, if he lms acted traitorous!)', violence,
~uffer death, or su.:h other punishment as is hereinafter mentioned; if he has
:lcled from co,vardic~, shall suffer pen;111lCrvitude 'or such Olher puuishm~nl as b
hereinafter m'entiolled: if hc lIas actell from negligence, he .hall be dismi'.ed
from service, .ith di~ra.cc, or suffer such other punishment as is hereinafter
n\entioned.
n. Where a Inutin\" i~ not ac=mpanie-t by violence, the rin~leader or rinl- Penalty fOf
lu.ders of such matiny sh 111 suffer de.1th, or such other punishment as is mulin,. not
hereinafter mentiOlled; :lnd all other persons who )1\111 join in such mutiny, or' ~r-tlitd
sh1.l1 not nse their utmost uenions to SllpptnS the same, shall suffer imprisonment :r,;'..:...of
or such other punishment as is hereinafter mentioned.
12. Every perSCll snbject to Ihis Ad who shall endt':tvouf to seduce any other "malty I
person subject to this Act from his dllty or [:llle!ianee 10 the ConslilutiOflf l!lCillnl::
or endeavour to incite him to COlomit any act of mutiny, sb:1I1 suffer death Of such unltlDy.
other PUnishment a~ is hereinafter mentioned.
I Ste foolllote to I. 52(2) al p. 70.
I Substililted by tb, Union of 8urma 1,\4apbUOII 01 Lawai Orckr.l941,
 64 Bllnlla Ndml VJ'llIffieer ReSN lie.

P~"Ilalty for 13. Ever)' pej~n, no: othel'wise liubject to this Ac!, who, bein/ol on oolnbny
dlUlI1\l Government ship, shall en,leavolll" to sedm."e rr','\n his duly or [alleRiance to the
enduvour-
ll~ 10 seduce
Constitution]' :til}' persf1ll ~ubiectto this A.d, ~h:\11 so hr ns respects st1(h offence
!rom alle- be deemed tIl be a l'e'r~OIl sul>jfOet to !hi~ Act, lnd sh;\11 soffer death or such other

_.
i1ance. punishmtnt as is hereinafter nlt:l1lioncd.
Venally fot ... Ev~r}' pcr~'lnsl1hjcdto Ihh Act who sh:lll m..ke or enduvOllr to m:tke :tn}'#
....
:11uilll mntinous assrmhl}'. or s1l;\11 Iud or illeil~ :1Il)" Olher pcW>u to joiu in an\'
a&ICtrll>lit' mutinous "s!lemhly, or shall ntlcr an)' words (If seJitinn or mutin)', ,hall s'l1fftr
... utlerillJt: penal servitude: or such other punishm~nt all is herein:lftc:r mentioned.
..ediUoIII

_.
wonk.
Pe:aalty for .5. Every person sohjecl to thi!l.Aet who ,h3.U wilfully conceal any traitorous
~inlr: or mntinou!l plOlctk~ or desiJ,!n or an~' traitorous or motinolls words spoken
u)' tRi aJ.!ain~llhe (",o\'cmmc'nl, or ;lny \\"or&, practice, or de~gn tending 10 the hindrance
101"_ or

-
_tiaOlil o( the service, !:hall suffer pellcl scrvitude S or slIoll other punishment as i,
hereinafter mention~.
daiJ.:1l.or

l'Ul'oilhment 16. Ever)' person ~uhjeet t('llhis Act who ~h;llI slrik:: or attempt to strike or
for Ilrikioe dmw \lr lift up 1n)' we:tl'>l)ll :l;.!ainsl, or use ur attempt to use :my I'iolence against,
or aUclllpl his Sllp,~riOl' oOker, wh~thcr 01' 1I0t such snperior oOictr is ill llll: cxecution of bis
lnl to
,trike, etc.. offict:, shall he punishecl wilh pen:ll 5cn'itude t or slh:h olher pUlli~hment as is
alii_tor Ilercinafter mentiuued.
olDotr. IIlSII bordifCblivll.
)'aI;I.lty f 17. E\'cry persou su!lje..::t to :his Act who shall wilfully di!lObey :my bwrul
di~imcc et,mm:tncl of his supI.-riot officer, or ldL"U use thx:l'cniu~ or insullin)! litn~)!e, or
.... .an{
ttln";'llminC: hehav(." \\"ith contempt to his sl1pcri('lr offi.;er. slnll IJe punislic:d wftl, dismissal,
brIlo,uge Iol with disltr:lcc. rrom sc...,...ice, or :suff:-r such other punishnll:nt as is hereinafter
IUrerior mentioned.
oQio:er.
Pena!h' for 18. E\'err pel'S"!! subject to this A..:t who sh... n quarrel or fiaht with an}'
quam-Itine, other per~a. wl!elh\.'r '1ueh oth~r l'\.'rs:'n he or b~' nol subject to this A(."t. or shall
..Ie" OfI..illll: u~c reproachful or lll'>,"okill~ spc~I..hcs or ;.!L.",IUrcstclidilll{ to make :UlY Quarrel or
UpIl)uh{ul di~tllrbau,;e, :dlill sn!fr.r impdsul\lllCllll'r ::on.:h olher plI"i~hlll~111 as is hcr~i\laftc:r
'pect:h nr lnr:ntioned.
j(utnres.
VarrliOJ/ AIIII AllslmccltliJilout Lellt't.
Penalty '01' 19. Ev..:rr penoll snbj(."l.'! to this Act wh:'l sh111 ah~el1t himself fre-m' his ,hip,
dtMrtlon. or (rom lhe place wh,,:,re his tlut)' rt:quirts him to be. witll an intention of not
returllinll to sueh shill or phce, or who shall at any lime and undt:r any
circllmst;\nCes. when ;&h~ellt from his ship or place of dllt}', do"any act which
Ihows that lie has;1II inlen!i(ll1 of not returninJ.: to sll..:b ship o~pL1ce, shall be
deemed to h",'e deserted, and shall be punishrd accordin/ollr; that is to sa)',
til if he 1,0lS deserted to the enemy, he~halt he pnnished wi~h de.lth or
sUch other pllnishmcllt as is hereinafter Illenlior.ecl ;
(2) if he hM def,erled undef :inr olher circumsl;lOce~. he Sh.ll1 be punished
with pen-'ll servitude 'or such otbcr J:nnishment ;u is hereinafter
menliOfled :
and in enf)' slIch case he shall rorfeit all par. he:l.d moner, hounty. salV3ge. prize
mOlOey. and allowaoCC!l that h:t\'e l1('eo e:l.rnt'<l hr him :l11d nil :mnllities, pen"ions,
gr.ltuitir~, medals ami clecoritiollli that may have been W'lnted to him, and also
all clothes and effects which he mar have teft on hoard the ship or at the place
from which he h:ls descried, unless the tribunal b~' which he is tried or the
President of the Union shall otherwise direct.
'!iIlMtlIlIlld hy the \:1111,\11 of 8\1Tln~lA.daplall'lQol L:lws)Orller.I948,
I 8ft foolnote to .. 52 (~at p. 10,
 2'. Every perlOn subject to this Act who sh;all endeavour to seduce ;any Pin,",
for
other person subject to this Act to desert sho.!1 suffer iOlprl~onment or such olher Inducing
(ltrlkln to
.n)'
punishment as is hereinafter mentioned. duert.
21. Every officer in command of any Governmentlhip who shall receive or l'flUllt)'for
entertain any deserter from the Bumla Naval, Military Of' Air l'"orces, after dis fntertalnlnlr:
a deMrler.
covering him to be a deserter, and shall not with all c.onvenient speed. in the case
of a deserter from the Burma Na.val Forces, give notice to the commandina: officer
01 the ship to which such deserter belon~s, or, if such ship is at a dish.nce,lo the
Presid.:nt of the Union 01'" to the Commandiojl Officer of Ule Burma Naval
Volunteer Reserve, or, in case of a deserter from the Burma Milibry or Air
io"orces, ).live notice to the President of the Union or the commandiml officer of
tbe regiment or unit to which such deserter be.lonJ:;s, tbe of6cer to effendine shall
b~ dismissed from service. or thaI! suffer such other pullishment as il hereinafter
mentioned.
22. If :my person subject to thi, Act (without beina lUilty of desertion) Pullllhmo:nt
improPerly leaves his ship or ~lace of duty, he shall be liable 10 inlpr;sonment or ~~t ,::~;~g
to such other punishment as is hereinafter mentioned, and to sucb other .
punishment by forfeiture of. wages or of other benelits as the Preaident of the
Union from time to lime by regulations prescribes.
23. Every penon subject to this Act who (without heinll ).luilty of detertion Penally for
abMllce
or 01 improperly le:winj.! his ship orpl"ce of dntyl ~hall be absent without leave without
shall be liable in time of war to imprisonment or such otber punishment as is Inn.
hereinafter m mlioned. and at other times to imprisonment or detention for any
p.lriod 1I0t e:cc:eedin" ten weco. or such other punishment as the circumstances
of the cou: may r~luire, and to swh otber ptlnilihment by forfeiture of wa.:es or
of other benefits at tlu: President of tbe Union from lime to lime by rewations
prescribes.
24. If any person subject to this Act is absent without lea\"~ for a period of Yorfeihrn
of effect,
one month fwhethu he is guilty of desertion or of improperly lruing his ship or fOf~'
place of duty or notl. but is oot apprehended and tried for his offence. he sh:l.lI be witllout
liable to forfeiture 9f wages and other benefits al the Pre.sldenl of the Union (rom lean.
lime to time by re:.:ulations pre-iCribes. and the Pr~ident of the Union may by
an order containin~ a statement of the absence witbout leave direct that the
clothes and effects (if any) left by him on board ship or at his place or duty be
forfeitect, and the same m,y be sold. and the proceeds of the sate shalt be dispoted
of as the President of the Union may direct i and every order under this provision
for forfeiture or sale shall be conclusive as to the fact of the absence without le:lve
as therein st.1.ted of the person Iherein n2med: but in any case the President of
the Union mat'". if it seems fit on suRident cause being shown at :lIly time after
forfeiture and before sale, remit the forfeiture, or after sale payor dispose of the
proceeds of the sale or any part thereof to or for the use of the Anson to whom
tbe clothes or effects belonged. or his re~tatives.
25. If any penon not subject to tbis Act usislsorprocuresanyperson subject Pmall)' II...
to this Act to desert or ilnproperly abaent himaelf from his dat)", or concealf. ...dtlinlf,
employs or \."Onllnues to employ any person subject to this Act. who is a deserter tic., daer
or improperly a.bsent from his dUly, knowintt; him to be a. deserter or 10 U...
improperly abscat. he shall f'X'every weh offence ofassistancc,procutt-ent.
concealment, employment or contin11an~ of employment, be lill.ble. on COnyiction
in" summary trial before a MaA;strnte empowered under section 260 of the Code 01
CrlmiLlaltlrocechue. :;!: .. Ito a pena!tynot exceedinJ:; t\\'o hundred mrees;
and every such penalty shall be applied as the President of the Union directs.
l Dcld c4 by the UnlOJl of Bl,lnM (Ad;artaUlln of La,,"' Order, 194&.

s
 66
PCIIiIltr ror 26. If any person not subject to thi. Act by words or otherwise persuades
f1Cr~u.'dinl: any ptnon subject to this Act to desert or inlproperly absent himself from his
10 dCM;ltion,
ete. c1uly. he shall for (:\'try such offence be liable, on conviction in a summary hial
bl'iore a 1.lagistT:lte emr,'wcred under stction 260 of the Code of Criminal
Procedure,' t!:' a penally not exceeding two hllndrcd rupees; and
Cft,y such penalty shall beapplied as the President of the Unioll di~c1s,
JJisdllJlflDlIS offtItUS.
PtullylOf 27. EYery person subject to this Act woo shall be guilty of any profane oatb,
('rolane
,,,,nrh:1 cursing, uecratinn, drunkenness, unclt.1nness or other scandalous action
and other ., and corruption of ~ood manner~ shan be dilimissed from strvice,
l!lllllunlilin, with disgract, or suffer such other punishmeul as is hereinafter mentioned.
Pmaltron 28. Every officer subject to this Act who shall be )tuilly of cruelty, or of any
oftiur IOf scandalous or Inudulent conduct, Shlil be dismissed with di5l:rac.e from service;
cruell)' Uf
CIf'I'T nsion" and evcr)' officer IUbject 10 this Act who 10llall be )tuilty of any other conduct
unbeconlillg the cbar:l.cter of an officer shall be dismis!oCd. wilh or without
dislUl\Ct'1 from service.
Penalt)' !(II" 129. Every person subjectl" this Act who shall cither desi"mcdly or nClilligenlly
IlIflcrilll or by <lny default lose, strand. or hazard or suffer 10 be lost, slrauded. or huudtd,

.,
whips Or
airaaft 10 be any ship of tilt: Gcvemmenl Of in Government service, or lose or suler to be lost
imf'l'ortrly any aircraft of the Gol"cmmenl oc in Go~emment sen,jce, 511:1.11 be: dismissed
from sel"Vic!, ,,;Ih disw-ace, or s.uflu such olber punishment as is hereinafter
mentioned.
t'eoatlylOf 3'. The officers of all GO\'emmcnl ships appointed for the convoy and
nol taking protection of any shiPli or "cssels shall diligently perform t11eir duly without delay
carl or and
accordin~ to their instructions in that behalf; and e\'ery (fficer wh,) shall (ail in
c\dc"din,
Ih1rs undt,.1' his duty in Ihis respect.. and sh:lll not defend the ,hips and ~oods under his
coa'f1))', convoy. without de..iation to any other objcctl.(Irshall rdust to fi~t in their
dcfen~ if they ;are assailed, or sh111 cowardlY abandon and expose the ships in
his convoy to hlZ:lrll, or sh til demOlnd or extract ::lny monel' or other reward
from any nlerch:lnt or lIluter for convoying any ships or "'esse!s entmsted to his
care, or .hal1 misuse the muters or m,uim::rs thereof, shall make such reparation
in damage. to the merch:l.nts, OWlleTSt and othen:lS the Court of Admil'lllty may
a.djudge, "nd also shall be: ponhhed criminally according to the n3ture of hi~
offence, br death or such other punishment as i. hereinafter mentiOned,
Nader of II. Ever)' muter or other of6~r in comm.1ndof any mm:h:mt or other 'euel
merc:hUlt under the ccn\'oy of any Government ship shall obe)' the cornmandinc 06:er
,"cud to
obey order. thereof in :ill matten relatinR to the navil!.il!i('n or security of"e convoy; ilnd
01 c:onVO);" shall take luch precaution. for ;r.voiding the enenlY as may be di~cted by such
,ffi,,,. comm:lnding officer, and if he shall fail to obey such directions such commallding
officer may compel obedience' by fov:e 01 ;l.rms without being liable for any loss
of life or o( properly that m~y resulf from his using such force,
PtmUr 'Of n,Ever)' officer in ccm~nd 01 ;lIly of Governmttlt shiPi who shall ream:
bkiDg ftl)" or permit to be received on boartl sllCh ship any ~oods or merchandise
011 board
~, oq whatsoe\-cr, other than for the 50Ie use of tbe $hip, except 5:,01d, "h-er or jcwels,
=~~ and ucept coods and merchandise belonR:inlt to any merchant, or D!l board any
Ule ollbc .hip which lna}' be .hipwrecked ()[ in, imminent danger. either on the hiJ;!h .eas or
vu~l u~:pt in some port, creek. or harbour, ICIT the ptlrpose of pr'eservinl!: them lor their
cold, 'il\"cr, "roper owners, or_e'l:cept such i:oo<ls or merch"ndise as he may at any time be
;cclt.de.
I Dtlclcd bythc 1'1IlIioa. of Bunna l"-uptalioll 0( u . , l Ordcr, 194',
, Amelllkdibid.
 67
ordered to lake or receiveoD board by order.~f the Prt$ident of theUnjoa or hi,
superior officer, sh~lI1?e dismissed from ""ICC, or lUft'er luch other puni'~mcnt
as is hereinafter mentioned.
33. Every person subject to t~is Act who .h~I.1 \Vastef~l1r expend. embezzle, Penalt, fOl'
or fraudulently buy, seU o,r fCC(IVe ~ny ammumtlon, prOV~)IO~1 or ~h(r public t1Il~u1in(
stores, and every person subJed 10 thIs A-.:t who sh;al\ knowlIl"-ly pemut any web (lIIbIk 1t0fti.
wasteful expendilu~, embea:lemtnl. SOlie. or receipt, shall iUfler impritonmcnt Or
such other punisbment as is hereinafter nltnlioned.
34. Every person Itlbje<:t to \IIis Act wbo shall unbwfully sel fire to any Ptru.\ly IOf
docky3rd, victualling yard or .team factory yard, arsenal, m:lJl;wr\et buildin", burnln, an,
stores or 10 any ship, vcs:tel, ho)', b.uge, boot, or other cralt or furniture 1tI<l..I:,;ullllor
thereunto belonging. not being the property of:m enemy, pirate, or rebel, shall ~~~c.,
suller death or such other punishment as i5 hereinafter mentioned. Inll loin I-
cnenlY
JS. Every person subject to this Act who shall knowinlotly make or ~ign a falle l'enall fOf
muster or rC(;OrU or oUll::r ofl1cial document, or who sball comnulldl coullSel, or uakill: or
procure the makinlot or signina thereof, or who shlll aid or abet any other penon 1i1{lll11lC talle
in the I'll4lking or signing thereof, shall be dismissetl from senice, with dislotracc, ftl'''I....
or snffer l>uch other punishment "s is hereinafter mentioned.
. 36. ~very person subject to this. Act w~o shall wilfully d~ a~y act or PenalhdOf
wilfully disobeY any orders, whether In )lOIpllal or elscwheff, WIth mtent to mlKOridIlCt
produce or to ~~rr.wate any di5tasc or infirmity, or to del:ay his cU!'!, or \Vho in Ikl,,,,ital.
5hall feign allY disease, illtinnity, or inability to perform his dutYI shall suffer
imprisonment or sucb other punishment as is hereinafter mentioned.
37. Every person subject to this Act who .hall.have any cause of complaint, l'enalt)'fOt'
either of the unwholesomcness of the victuab or upon :my other. just around, tndo'A.,our.
5hall quietly make the S:l.me known to his superior, or captain, or to tbe iUlto,lir
commandillg officer o( tbe Burma Naval Volunteer Rrserve, and the &:lid superior, ~Jl :;)(tt~
c"'1f1taill, or onker, shall, as far as he ioi able, cause the same to b~ PTt:liCntly :rCOl:~le~nn
rtmedied ; and no person subject to this Act upon all}' pt'(.tcnce whatenr shall unwbrlle-
attempt to ~lir up ;tnr disturbolnCt', upon ):'lin of such punishnlent as a Court- _eM~1 uf
martial maY think 6t to intlicl, according to the deJ.tree of offence. ~",::i~
grOllnda.
.. 38. All tht' papeu, charter-p."ties, bills of 13din~, plSspOrls, and olher P~nall)"Of
wn.tlll~s whatsoever th"t shall be hlr.en, seize(l, or found aboard any ship or ~hips '''ol~ndlng
whIch shall he laken' as prite sball be duly presened, and the commandin..: 101bd.;O-1
officer of the ship which shall take slIch prize sMII lend the ori..:inab entire and ~I"lhlliratt,
U"ithout fraud to the Conrt of Admiralty, or such other Court or comnliSStonen ~Ol!~":~fl'
as shall be authorized to determine whether such prlle be lawful capture, there "rUe .hi....
to be ,jewed, made use of, and proceeded upOn accordin~ to law, upon pain that
every pem)n offendin~ herein shall be dismissed from st1'\'ice. or ,ball stiffer such
other punishment AS is hereinalter mentioned, and in additlou thereto shall forfeit
and lose his share o( the capture.
39. No person subject to this Act shall t'lke oul of :'my prize or ship seized Penally lor
for prize any money, plate. or l:oOOs, unless it shall be neceu:u}' for the betler t:lkinlt:
Kcuring thereof, or for Ihe ncce~sar}" use and semce of any of Government ships :-~~td
and vessels of war, belore the same be adjud",red lawfut prize in lOme Admiralt) 011 lit In, I
Court; bot the full and entire account of the whole without embeulement shall prbt bc:lon
be hrou$tht in and jlld~ment pused entirely IIpon Ihc whole, wlthollt 'mud, upon ~the _me'
pain that even' J)emlll offendinll; herein sh:l\l he dismi..~ed from sen-i. with ~:::::Md
dis:!t".lce. or sufter sllch otber panislunent as is herein:llter mentioned, and in .
addition thereto forfeit and Ieee bis share of the capture.
 ..
68
41. If any ship or YeSscl shall be tU~ as prize, none 01 ihe officen,
-~
ItrifltliDlor mariners. or other persons on board bet shall be stripped of tbtir clothes, or in
ill"'''":
persons
any SOl t pillaged, heillen, or evil intrealed, upon pain that the person or pel'lOlls
.......
lakrn
pri~
Oft so offendin~ shall he dismissed from service, with diSArace, or &Uffer such olher
punisbment as is hereinafter m.entioned.

Peniltyon 4J. If the commanding officer of any of Government ,hips does an, of tbe
COGIlDlQdcl'l follo\\ing thinas, name1)',
QI(ltllliat
J.Jpriubr (I) by cotlusionwith the enemy takes as pri" any VtSItl, good" or IhUlI j
coll'l5loa. 01' (21 unlawfully ","rees with any person fot tbe ransommg of any Vessel,
cclhlli'rl, ~oods, or thing taken as prilc i or
rtstOl'inC (3) in pursuance of any unlawful agreement for ranlOmi"l or otherwise by
ships or collusiOn actually quits or restores any veasel, goods, or thiol taken
1- as prize;
be .hall be laible to dismissal from semet. with disgrace;. or to 5uch other
punishment as is bereinlfter mentioned. .
Perlillylor 42. If any person subjed to this Act breaks bulk on board any vessel taken
braldn, at prize. or detained in Ihe exercise of any belli~erent right, or under any Act
bulk on relating to piracy or to the slaye trade or to the customs, with intent to embeule
board pri&(
Utip with anylhinj.! therein or belonging thereto, he Ihall be liahle to dismissal from.
.......,..
a'I_lo

....l
service, with diSi!~, or to $Ucb other puni.hment as is hereinafter mentiofted,
and in addition tbereto to forfeit and lose billh2rC o( tbe capture.
Ptf,alt)' (Of 43. E,ery person subject to this Act whosban be guilty of any act,disotder,or
""m=
apinst
neulect to the prejudice of good order and naval discipline, not hereinbefore
.pecified, shall be dismissed (rom aervice, with disgraa:, or .sllffer such other
nanldh
cipllintllOt punishment as is llereinaUer mentioned.
~rtk.1ad)'
mentioned.
Crimel to bi: 44. Any penon subject to this Act comlllitting ally oft'mce apiO$t this Act.
J*11~ such offence not beina; punishable with death or penal suvitude', shall, sue
=~~l! to where this Act upreuly otherwise provides, be proceeded against and punished
CU1tOCllllll accordin~ to the bw. and customs in such cases used at sea.
~.

01/1,,", 'lllUslt"bk 6, Ordirtary t...

hn",U, 'llf 41. Every penon subject to th" Act who shall be. euilly 01 an offenct
punishable under sectloDli 302, 304, 3MA, 377, 3n rud with 511, 379,380. JlI,
"""""
pvallblble
b)' Ordinary 382, or 392 of the Penal Code shall be punishable with tbe punisliD)(1lt provided
in thtt Code for the offence.
bw.
If any such person shall be flUilty of any other criminal offence which if com-
mitted in the Union of Burma would be punishable by the law of the Union of
Burma, be shall, whether the offence be or be nol committed in tbe Union 01
Burma, be panisbed either in pursuance of lhe 61'$t part 0( this Act as for an act
to the prejudice of cood order and nanl discipline not otberwise specified, or
the offender shaU be sabiect to the ume panilihment as might for the time bein~
be. awarded by any ordinary criminal tribunal compelCDt to try tbe offeftdcr II
the offence bad been committed ia the Union of Burma.
.... For all offeaces sJ).i6ed or referred to in this Act, if committed by any
person subject thereto in an)' harbour. h.wen, or creek, or on any lake or river,
whether in or out of the Union of Burma, or an\'\\'here within the jnri~dicliou 0(
the Admiralt), or at all)' place on shore oul of the Union of Burma, or in any 0(
I s.c feotaok to .. st UHf. r. 70.
 SWIM Narall'"llflllttr RIStTf1f. 69
Government dockyards, victuallinR ya.rds, sle:un faclory yards, or on :my gun
wharf, or in allY ;l1"5e1131, barrack, or hospital belol\&:in~ to the Government, or in
any otber premises held by or on behalf 01 tbe Government for naval or
military purposet, or in any canteeu or Qilon' home or any place of recreatiOQ
placed at the disposal of or used by officers or men of the Bunna Navy \vhich
may be: prescri~ by the President of the Union, whether in or out of the Union
of Burma, the offender may be tried and punished under this Act; and for all
offences hereinbefore speci6ed under the headinga ,. misconduct in the presence
of the enemy". .. communiotions with the enem)' ", If nel:led of duty".
II mutiny" insubordination", "desertion lind absentt without leave", or
"miscellaneous offences ", if committed by any Jl(rson subject to this Act at any
place on shore. whether in or out of the Union of Burm:l l the o.ender may be
tried and punished under this Act.
46A, (J) Where an offence under this Act has been committed b1 any penon Pt01'ltion,
while subject to this Act, such person may be taken into and kept in custody and wbere
tried and punished for soch offence althoulb he has ceased to be subject to this olflllderhu
cuMd to be
Acl in like manner ,n he might have bttn taken into and kept in custody, tried, lUb~11o
er punished if he had continued so subject : IbeAcl,
Proyietcd that where a person has since the commission of :In offence
ceased to be subject to this Act, he shall not be tried for such offence eJlcept in
case of offences of mutiny or desertion, un'ess proc:eedin~s a~ainst him are
instituted within three months after he bas ceased to be mbjtd to this Act. but
this section shall not affect the jurisdiction of a civil Court in the ca." of any
offence triable b)' such Court as well as by Court,martial.
(Z) Where a person subject to this Ad is senteDCed under tbis Act to penal
servitude,l imprisonment, or detention, this Act shall arply to him durin~ the
tenn of hi~ sentence notwithstandinl: that he is discharaed or dismissed from
service, or has otherwise ceased to be suhject to this Act, and he may be kept in
CllStady, remove(l. imprisoned, made- to nndef'llo detentkm and punished
accordingl)', as if he had continued to be subject to tbis Act.

PART f1,
GF.lllRAL P.O\'nION~

7. Where the amount of punishment for any ollence ultder this Act ~owyof
depend~ upon the intent with which it has been commilled, :md any penon is m~~i;IIO
charged with having committed such offence with an intent iavolvin" a Ireater find lllltnt
delf're of punishment, a. Court-marth! may l;nd thai the offenu Wal committed with which
with an intent involving a Ius de2l"ee of punishmcnt, and award such punishment ~": COft
aceOl'din&I)'. IIlI e ,

... Where any person shall be ch.ar&ed with .any offence onder thit Act he Power 01
r:lilllre of proof of the commission of the Jl:realer oIence. be found J!:uilty ~I;IIO
m."I)', upon
or another offentt of the same c1m Involvinil: a less delttee of punishment, but :n~ pri-oncr
not of an)' offence invohina a greater ddrf:e of PUnish_ot. f: of

of(e~""
chlfleof
Cnaift'.

Sec f~ 10 .. SI (I) at p. 7e.

 70 B",.".a Naw" 1'(Jlu"lew Rtjct'N,
Hcbtlsalld ..,. All :trmed rcbtlS, armed mutineers, and pirates shillt be deemed 10 be
:~ enemit's within tbe Jneal1il1/r,l of this Act.
........
""n to II. Every officer in command elf a Betlor squadron of G::lvcmmenl ships, or
arrrtl of one of Government ahips, or the senior officer pre~L\t at a pori, or an officer
offenders. havina: by virlu~ 01 Hub-sectlon (3) of !ltcHon fifty.six of lhi, Act power to try
offences. may, by warranl under hi. h:l.od, authorize :lny person to arrest aor
offender subject to this Act for any offence against Ihis Act mentioned in snch
wamllt; and any such \Vamnt may include the namel of more persons than one
in respect of several offences of the 11~ nature; and :my penOn named in any
snch warrant may forthwith on his apprehension, i( the warrant so directs, be
L'l.kcn on board the ship to which he belonJ{s, or some oth(r of Government
ships i ;\nd :my penon 10 autltori:ed may use force, if necessary, for Ihe purpose
0( eftectinll such apprehensions towards :tny penon subject 10 tbis Act

PtN.1!)for 51. I:!:vu)' prrsou lubject to thil Act who shall not U~ his utmost endea'
not a"IIUnl vonrs to delect, apprehend and brinR to punishment all offenders OlJ{ainst this Act,
In delfCtlCNl
or (ll"iSOQttt anll sh.:'lU not a~sisl lhe officers :lppoinled for thlt purpoSt, Ihall suffer impri~on
menl or such other punishment as IS herein:ifter mentione!\.

PART Ill.
RlGVUTJON. AS TO PUNISHlIRN'TS.

52, Tne (allowing punishments may be inRided in the Burma Navy :-

(I) Death i
(2) Pellal servitude I ;
(3) DismilSa! with dillrace from semet i
(4) ImpriROnment or corpor~1 punishment i
(4A) Detention i
(5) Dismissal from se"iee;
(6) Forfeiture of seniority as an officer for a specified time, or othel'\\ise;
(7) Dismissal from the ship to whkh Ihe offender belonls ;
(8) Severe rej1rimand, or reprlmlnd;
(9) Oisratin~ a subordinate or pett~' officer;
(10) Forfeiture o( pay, head money. bount)', M!vaKe, prj:e monc\', and
allowanCf!S earned br, find of all annuities, pen!lion!l, Itf:ltuities,
mecWl, and decorations Irmted 10, Ihe offmder, or of anyone or
more of the above p:uticu!an i allO, in the <:;lit of desertion, of all
clothes and effeetlleft by the deserler on boud the ship to which he
belones ;
(11) .Such minor punishments al are DOW inflicted according to the custom
of the Navy, or m:\y from time to time be allowed by the President of
the Union.
An(l each o( the abaft: pnnishments shall he deemed to he inrerior in de)trtt
to tvery punishment prtCtdinl!: it in the above scale.
Rtgillaliont
uloin_ 83. The (oIlowinR 1'tJ{ulations art hereby made wilh relpect to the inRiction
lIicHon of of pnnishmentt in the Burma Navy :-
JItInish
_t.. (I) The po\\'~ to.suspend, remit or commute saotences or punishment
.hall be the: POWtn conferred by and shall be e~ in acec.-dance with
I The: 1,.fllion 0( BlltlU IAlUpb,tlon ol Latn)Onkr, 1941, dlnd. tlW la!hi' Act aU rtleretltfl
10 ptllll wrvil!lde as al"lllj,hllll:hllhJlI be 4tnntd III have lIodfce!.
 71
the provisions of s~~tions 401 and 402 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and any
sentence so mo<lJl1ed shalJ (subject to lhe p\'ovisions of this Act) be valid, and
shall be carried into execution, as if it had been originally passed wilh such
modification by the Court-marlial ; but so that neither the degree nor the dtlrntion
of lhe punishment involved in any sentence be increased by :my such modification;
(2) Judgment of death shall not be passed 011 ilny prisoner unlesl (ollr at
least of the eAkers present at the Court-martial, where lhe numherdocl; not txcted
fi\'e, nncl in other cases a majority of not less than two thirds of the officers
pre!cnt, concur in the sentence;
(3) Except in case of mutiny, tilt punishment of death shall not be inflicted
on any prisoner until the sentence has been confirmed by the President of the
Union i
l
(4) The punishment of penal servitude may be intlicted for the lenn of life
or for any other term of not less thun three years ;
(SJ The punishment of penal servitude l shall in all cases involve dismissal
with ,UsJtrace from service;
(6) A sentence of dismi!:;sal with di~grace shall involve in all cases a forfei
ture of all rar I head moner, bollnty, ~alvaJte, prize money and nllowances that
h:we heen eamed hr, anu of all :mnnities, pensions, ~r<ttuities, medals, and deOOI'a-
Hons that mar have heen granted 10, the offender, and an incapacity to serve the
Government a~"in in any military, naval, air forCl~, or civil It'rvice, and may also in
all cases he aOL'Ompanied by a sentence of imprisonment i
(7) The punishment of imprisonment may be innicled for any term not
exceedin,g two years and may be accompanied \\;ith a Sf'nlellce of dilmisll:lt form
sen'ice ;
(8) A senlf'nce of imprisonment may be accompanied with a direction that
the prisoner shall be Icept in !lolita"}" conlillemrut for any pel'iod of such term,
not f'xceedinl-: fourtrcn days at an)' one time, :md not elCceedinp: cip:hty.fol1f
days in anyone )'ear, wiLh intel'vals between th~ pcriocl~ of solital-)' confinement
of not less duration than the pedods of solitary confinement ; and when the
imprisonment awarded exceeds ei~htyfour days, the solitary eOnnnement shall
not exceed seven days in auy twenty-eight days of the whole imprisonment
awarded, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of not less
duration than such periods;
(9) A llCnlcnce of imprisonment may be rigorous or simple, or partlyrieorous
nnd partly !limple. and corporal p\lni~hment may be awarded in tldclitiCJn to ~nr
sentence of imprisonment, wllethersllch imprisonment is oris not to be accomp.'lmed
with solitary confinement and hard bboul or eilher of them;
(9A) The punisbmentof detention may be inAicted for any tenn not exceedin,
two years :
Provided that until naval detention Quartet's shall have been set apart and
declared to he such by the President of the Union by notificatiOn in the Gazette nO
sentence of detention shall be aWaI"ded ;
(10) The punishment of imprisonment, or detention, whether on board ship
Or on shore, shall involve disratin~ in case of a petty officer and reduction to the
rnnks in case of a non-commis!'iioned officer of marines, and !'ihall in all cases be
:l.ceomp:\nied by stoppnJl,e of payor wageS durinR lhe term of imprilonment or
detention:
Provided that where the punishment awarded is detention for a term not
exceedingfli)urteen days, the sentence may direct that the punishment shall not be
accompanied b)' stoppage of payor waReg during the term of detention

I &tt fO$l:ole 10 I. S2 1%1 _ p, 70,

 72 B..... NtlfltlJ FoJIlllJu,. R.'N,
(II) In any case of corpor;al punishment not more tban forly-eighl luhes
sball be infticted: DO o8ictr shall be subjectlto detention or to corponl punish-
mcot: nO petty or nOD-eommi,.wontd ofticer shall be lubject to corporal
pmishmeDt : except in case of mutiny.
All other punishments :lUthorized by tbis Act mar be inAicled in the manner
heretofore in usc in the Navy.

Lllnilation 54. No penon, unless he be an offender who has n'foided apprehension or
of lillie lor Red from just icc, sball be tried or punished in pursuance of Ibis Act for an)' offence
rial
comlnilted by him IInlesi sucb trial shall take place within thr.:e yean from the
commis~ion of such offence or \\ithin one year after the return of klch offender to
the Union of Bul"D'\aj where he has been absent from the Union of &rma durina
such period of three rea~

Salt 01 55. Subject to the f(ftiOini reJ{lllations, where an)' punishment is specified
punilhrntlli. by this Act as the p:nalty for aD1 offence, and it is furtber rledotred that another
punishment ma)' be awarded in mpecl of the same offenc:e,lhe expre1;!l.ion "other
punishment .. sllall be deemed to comprise anyone or tt\(ft of the punishment"
in(crior io dea::ee to lIIe specified punishment, according to the scale hereinbefore
mentioned; but corporal punishment shall be deemed equal in del-tree to imprison-
ment, and may in all cases, $ubjectlo the foreioinR regulntions, be inflicted as a
substitute for or in addition to imprisonment,

Alltl'lorilin N. (I) Any offence triable under this Act rna}' be tried and Ptlnbhed b)'
havinl Court-m.'\rti:11.
po..trto Ir,
oI~n.
(%1 Any offe~ not capit.'\l \\'hkh is triable under Ibis Act. and (except in tbe
caleS b)' tbis Act expressly provided for) is not committed b)' an officer, mar, under
such ~1ations as the President of the Union rrom time to time issue, be sum-
marily tried and punished by the officer in command o( the ship to which the
offender belonRs at the time either of the commission or of the trial of the offence,
subject to the restriction that the commanding officer shall not have power to
award penal servitude' or to award Impri.onment or detention for mort than three
~nths. '
(J) Ttlr power by this $tCtion vested in an officer commanding a ship ma)'-
(11) as l'tIpetu persons on bo:lrd a tender to tbe ship, be uercised in the
(ale of :l sinwe tender abient lrom tbe ship, by the officer in command
of sueb tender, and in the case of two or more tenders absent from the
ship in company or actina together, by the officer in immediate com
mand of such tenders; and
(6) as re.pects persons on board any boat or boats belonlling to the ship,
be eltercised when such boot or boats is or are absent on detached
service, by the officer.in comm~nd of the boot or bolts; and
(d as re~pt(:ts pertans sublect to tillS Act on detachtd serviCe either on
shore or otherwise, or such ollhose persons as are not for the time
bei.OR made subject to military law, t l be exercised
b)' the officer in immediate commlnd or Uiose persons' and
(J) as respects penons subject to this Act quartered in ~a\-al harrad.-s,
be exercised by the oIicu in commlnd of those bamcks.
I Dddtd by tht Union'" Rurma IAdlptalioA of W"I) O,4tr, 1948.
, $" lootAOtt 10 I. S2ltl at p.1O.
 Bar",. N,nt/d Vol.ttlttr RtUtW. 73
(4) EKcept in c,lSe of mutiny, no man shall be senlenced by lhe commandina
oftker to corporal punishmelit until his oHener has bn inquired into by one or
more officers appointed by sucb commanding officer, and his or their opinion as to
the IUilt or innocence of the person chaflCed reported to such eommandinll officrr,
;lind the comm.'lndinR 05cer shall thereupon act as aCCOfding to his jodJtment may
Rtrn ri~ht.

57. The President of the Union may impose the punishment of forfeiture of Forfeit,,,,
time or seniority of not more than twelve months on any subordinate officer. of time 01'
wnlorltr.
57A. (1) Where any officer borne on the books of any of Go'rernment ships Trial 01
in commir.ion is in time of war alleled to ha'fe been guilt) of a disciplinary offencc, offICeR for
that is to say, a breach of section seventeen, eiahteen, nineteen, twenlytwo, Iwelll)'. :~~~~i~Y
three, twellty.seven or forl)'three of this Act, the oOicer haYing power to order a lillIlC of war.
Court-martial may, if he considers that the offence is of such a charader al not to
necessit.'\te tri:al by Court-martial, in lieu <If ordering a Courtmatti-'ll order a dis-
ciplinar)' Court constituted as hereinafter mentioned.
(Zl A discipliltaf)'Court sh.'\11 he composed of not less than thrte nor morc tllan
fi\'e officers, of whom one shall he. commander or of hlaher rank.
(3) A disciplinnf)' Court shall hnve powtr to impose any punishment inferior to
dttenlion in the scnle hertinl>dore contained, bnt no Irtater punishment.
(4) The Presi<lent of the Union may from time to time frame Reneral orden
for regulatinR the useml>ling, constitution and procedure and pr:lclice of dis-
ciplinnry Courts under this section, :and ntay bl' those: t'tilUlatioDs apply, with the
necess:ary modilkations, to disciplill:l.ry Couris the provisions of sa:lionl sid).two
to sixt)'-four and sections sixtJsix to sixt).nine ol Ihis Ad rebtin" 10 Courts--
rn.'\riial, and the rclulation! shall provide for evidenc~ beinl taktn on oath and
empower the Court to administer oaths for that purpose.

PART IV.

CoURTS-IU.RTIAL.

ConstiMian 0/ Ca"rts-martUr~.
II. Tht following re""lations are hereby made ",ith respect to Courts-
marlial :-
(U A Court-martial sllall consist of not less than fi.e not more. tban nine
officers i ,
(2) No officer shnU ~ qualified to sit :u a member of.aoy Coun,-marhal
held in pursuance of t!lis Act unless he be a flaa offietr, cap/am, com
mander, lieutenant-commander, or Iieute~t of the Burma Navy on
full pal' ;
(3) A Court_martial shall not be held unless :at least two of Government
ships, not bcin" tenders, :and comnmnded by captains, coromanete",
Iieutennnt-comm:anders, or lieutenants of tbe Burma Navy on full pay,
are to~ether at the time when such Court:marlial is held;
(4) No officer shall ait on. Court.m..u tial who IS under twenty-one yurs
(5) N:~~~~martia1 for tbe trial of a Rae officer shall be duly constitu~ed
unless the president is a Ra. officer. and the .other offiCf;r~ compoSIllR
the t;ourt :are of tbe (auk of caplain, or of bllber rani: ;
74 Burma NOM! J.olunleer R~slt'f1e.

(6) No CourtamarliaJ lor the trial of a captain in the Burma Navy sha1l be
duly constituted unlesi:l the preSidel}l is a caphin or of higher rank,
and the olher officers composing the Court arc commanders or officers
of huihcr rank;
(7) No Court-martial for the trial of a person below the rank of captain in
the Burma Navy shall he duty constituted unless the president is.J a
comm.mder or of hij,ther rank, nor, if the person to be tried is of the
rank of commander. unless in addition to the president two other
members of the Court are of the rank of commander or of higher
rank;
(8) The prosecutor shall not sit 011 ;lny Court-martial lor the trial Of a
person whom he prosecutes ;
(9) TI'e President of the Union shan h:wc power to order Courts-martial to
be held for the trial of offences under this Act, and to grant commis-
sions to anv officer of the Burma Navy authorizing him to ol'd~r
Courlsmartial to be held for the trial of such cffences i
(10) An ofticer holding a commi~ion from the President of the Union to
order Courts-martial shnllllot be empowered to do so if there is
present at the place where such Conrt-martial is to be held any officer
superior in rank to himself in command of one or morenf Government
ships 01' vessels, although such last-mentioned officer may not hold a
commission to order Courts-martial; and in such a case such last-
mentioned officer may order a Court-martial, although he does not
hold any commission for the purpose; .
(I J) If any officer holding n commission from the President of the Union
to order COllrts-martial, having the comn13nd of a fleet or squadron,
and being in foreign PlutS. die, he reCl'll1cd. leave his station or be
removed from his comm:l.1Id, the officel' upon "'hom the command of
the tleet or squadron devolves, and so from time to time the officer who
shall have the command of the fleet or squadron. sh:lIl, without any
commission from the Pr~sident of the Union, have the same power
to order Conrtsm3rtial as the first-mentioned officer was ionsted
with i
(12) If any officer holding a commission from the President of the Union to
order Courts-martial and having the comm],nd of any Reet or squad
ron of Government ships in forei~n parts shall detach any part
of such fleet 0" sqlladl"on, or separate himseU from any part of such
Reel or squadron, he m::t.}'. by commission under his hand, empower
in the first-mentioned C3IC, the commanding officer of the squadr..,n
or detachment ordered on such sep.1rate service, and in case of his
death or ceasin~ so to command, the officer to whom the command
of such separate squadron or detachment shall belonlt, and in the
secondly-mentioned case the senior officer of Government ships on the
division of the station from which he is absent, to order Courts-
martial durinR; the time of ~llch !lC;Po'\rate service,or during his absence
from that division of the station (as the case may be), and evCl'y such
anthori!}" shall conBnue in force until revoked, or unUl the offic:er
holdin~ it returns to the Union of Burm]" or until he comes into the
presence of a superior officer, empO\",ered to order Courts-martial in
the same squadron, detachment, or division of a station. but SO that
such al1thority shall revive o? the ?fficer holdinJ( it ceasinl't to be in
the pre!>ence of such a superior officer, and so from time to time as
often as the case so requires i
 15
(13) The officer ordering a Courtmartial .hallnot sit thereon;
(14) nle ~ident of every Court.martial shan be named by the authority
ordeflog the same, or by any officer empowered by such authority to
name the president;
(lS) No C?mmander, lieutenanl-eommander, Of lieutenant shall be required
to Sit as a member of any Court.martial when four officers of a hiRher
rank and junior to the prt:Sidcnt e<\O be a~lllbled at the place where
the Conrl-martial is to be holden (but the regularity or validity of Iny
Courtmal1ial, or ~f the proceeding, thereof, shall not be affected by
any commander, heulenantcommalldef, or lieutenant being required
to sit, or sitting, thereon, under any circumstances) ; and ~'hcn any
colllmander, Iieutenantcommander or Iientenant sits on any Court.
martial the members of it shall not exceed five ill number i
(16) Subject to the foregoing regulations, whene,'er a Courtmartinl shall be
held the officer appointed to preside thereat sh:111 summon 'all the
officer:\ nezl in seniority to himself present at Ihe place where the
Court-martial shall be held to sit thereon, until the numher of nine,
or such number, not less th:1O fi,'~, as is attainable, is complete;
subject to this P1oviso, that the admirals and c:aptains beinJ:
$'Qperintendents of Governm~nt dockyards shalluot be sUlllmon~d to
sit on Courls-martial unless speciall}' directed to do so 1' orders
from the President of the Union.

59. A. Court-martial under this Act sh:all be: held on hoard one of Wber.
Government ships or vessels of w.lr. unless the Pr~sid~nt of th~ Ullion or the Coull~
officer who ordered lhe Court-mltlial in any p:articular calC for re:lisons to be marUllto
be held,
recorded on the proceedings otherwise direch, in which C31e the Court-marti:al
shall be held at a pori at snch con"enienl pbce on shore:as the President ot the
Union or the offi~ who ordered the Coun-martial shall direct,
61, A Courtmartial held in pusuance of this Act may, if it :tppears to Ihe A.I to URIC
Court that an adjournluent is desirable, be adjourned for a period not uceedina 01 liltlnlJll
sill: dl}'S, but except where su~h all adjollrlllllelll is ordered shall sit from day 10 uf Courts-
martial.
d3r, with the exception of Sondays, unlilllcnience is J,liven unless prevented from
ao doinJ: by stress of weather or unavoidable accidcnt, and its proceedinf!;ll llhall
not be del:tyed by the absence of any member, so that not Ius thi/on (our are
present j and no member shali absent himself unleSi conlpelled so to do b)'
sickness or oilier juat ClIuse, to be approved of b}' the other members of the Court,
and if :any member of a Court-m3rlial shall absent himself therefrom. in contraYen-
tion of this section, he shall be dismissed from service, or .hall stiffer such other
punishment as may l>c awarded by a Courtmartial.
61, In the absence of the judge advocate of the fleet or his deputy. and in AJIrOinbnmt
default of :an}' appointment in this behalf b}' the President of the Union or by ~ oIfidatiDl
the comm;u,dinJ,l officer of the Burm:!. Naval Vl'Ilunteer Reserve, the officer who lu4&e
is 10 be Ihe president of Ihe Courtn\;'1rtial shall af'POint a penon to officiatev ad'toWe.
deputy judji(e advoc."Ite at the Iri'll; and Ihe judge advocate of the fled for the
tillle hein~. or his d~pu"Y, or the penon officiatinc as deputy judie advocate, :at
any tri21 Ih:lll adminisler an oath to every \\itness appcarinJ,l at the trial,
0'
'2, As soon as the Court is assembled, the names the olficeu compo!linJi[ Prouedln&'
the Court shall be read over to the person eharJted. who sball be uted if he It &rial.
objech to being Iried by ilny member of the Court j if lhe person cbaried shall
 76 Burma Nallal Volunteer Reurw.
ob~ect. to any member, the objection shall be decided by the Cowt; il the
objection shall be allowed, the place of the member objected to sllal! be lilled lip
by the officer next ill seniority who i:; not on the Court-martial, subject to the
rej{ulations hereinbefore contnined.
The person charJ!:ed may then mile any other objection which he dtllircs to
make respecting the constitution of the Court.mnrtial, and the objectiOn shall then
he decided by the Court, which decision shalllJe final, and lhe constitution of the
Court-marlial shall not be aftHwards impeached, and it shall be deemed to have
been in all respects doly constituted.
Q:lthslo be 63. Before the Coort shall proceer! to try the person charged, the judge
adminl$tere4 advocate of the fleet, or his deputy or the person officiating as deputy judie
to members advOC<lte of the Oeet, shall administer to every member of the Court tbe
of Courls- following oath; that is to say,
martial.
II I do swear, that I will duly administer justice according to law, without
partiality, favour, or affection: and I do further swear, that I will not
on any account, a.t any time whatsoever, disclose or discover the vole
or opinion of any particular member of lhis Conrtmartial l unlen
thereunto required in dlle course of law" :
Provilled that an affirma.tion to lhe same effect in such terms as the Plesident
of the Union mar prtscrihe in thi::! beha.1f mal' be substituted for such oath.
Q;llbs to be 64, As soon as the said oath shall be administered to the members of the
adminillered Court.m.lrtial, the prelident shall administer to the jud~e ad"ocale of the fleet, or
to judj;e his deputy, or the person officiating as deputy jndge advocate, the following oath:
a41'ocate,
<1<. "I do swear, that J will not upon any account, at any time whatsoever,
disclose or discover the vote or opinion of any p.lrticnlar member of
the Conrt.martial, t1nless thereunto required in due course of law":
Provided that an affinnation to the 5.1me effect in such terms a5 the Presidcnt
of the Union ma)' prescribe in this behalf may be substituted for such oath.
POl',er to 1'5. The President of the Union may make such leneral orders reglllatin~
Prnidenl to procedure and practice 01 Courts-martial as may from time to time be
make necessary.
i enenl
orders
lor praelice
01 Court..
martial.
Summoninj! 66. Every person, civil, naval and military, or belonging to the air force, who
wUnesl. maY be required to give e\'idence before a Court-martial shall he summoned by
writing under the hand of a Secretary to the Government of the Union of Burma
or by the depoty judge advocate, or the person appointed to officiate as deputy
judge advocate at the trial, and all persons so summoned and allending as wilneSICs
before any Courtmartial shall, during their necessary allendance in-or on luch
Court, and in f!;oinl to and returnin! from the same, be privileged from arrest,
and shall, if nndu!}' arrested, be c1ischar~ed by the Court out of which the writ or
process iSlued by which ~uch witness was arrested, , "" or, if
the Courtmartial thaH think fit, in case any such penon, who is IUbjed to
this Act, bcinl called upon to ~ive evidence at .In,. Court-martial, shall refuse or
nellect to ath:nd to ~h'e his evidence upon oath or affirmation, or shall prevnricate
in his evidence or behave with contempt to the Court, such Court-martial ma)'
punish every such offtnder br imprisonmenl. or, if the offender is a person liable
to be sentenced to detention under thh Act, by detention not lonler than three
I Subalitukd by the Union of burma I.Waptallon 01 Lawt) Order, 1948.
t Omitted llIia.
 "
months in case of such refusal, neglect, orprt'r.lrication, IIOf longer than one month
in case of sllCh contempt i and every persall not suh;ect 10 Ihis Act who may be so
summoned to allelld shaH be allowed And paid his reasonable exptnses for such
allendan, under the authority of the President of the Union, or of the president
of the Courtmartial on a foreiRn stalion.
7. E'IU)' persall who, upon anyeumillation on o:\lh or t1poa affirmation
before any Court-martial held in pursuance of lhis Act, 5hall make any slatement
which is fAl5C 2nd which he eilher know" or believes to lie false or does not believe
to be true, shall be deemed to have committed lhe offence of giving falte evidence:
and e"ery such offence, wheresoever committed, shalt be triable and punishable
in the Union of Burma.
6&. Where it shall2pprar UPOI1 the trial by Conrtmartial of any personchaf}[ed When per.
IIOnI Ire
with an offence that such persoll is insane, the Court shall lind sptCially the In_at
fact of his insanity and shall Meter socb person to be kept in strict cuetody in sucb tIK tillle of
J'bee and in soch manner as tlte Court shall deem lit until the dirtttiollI of Ihe elena. 011'
President of the Union thereupon are known, and it shall be lawful for tbe trkt.
President of Ihe Union to give orden lor the &afe clIstody of such penon
(for sudl timer in such place and in such manner as he shalt think fit.
69. Every judge 2dvocale, or deputy judge advocate, or person officbling
deputy judite advocate, slulliransmit with as much expedition aJ may be the
:loS
ori~inal proceedi~s, or a complete and authenticated eoA' thereof, aDd the
original sentence of every Courlm:lttial lattended by him, to the commandina;
ofticer of the Burma NaTal Volunteer Reserve or senior officer; who shall
transmit tbem 10 the ('resident of the Union for the time beinll' 2nd any penon
tried by a Courimartial shall be entilled, 011 demand, to a copy of such
proceedings and sentence (upon plyment for the So"lme at thl: rate of three annas
per folio of seventy.two words), but no such demand shall be allowed after
the space 01 three years from the date of the linal decision of such Coott.
List or Guttie, purportinl to he fUblisbed by authority and
69A. A N:r'f'Y
printed by a c-.o.ernment printer,
I ( I ' shall be evidence
of lhe slalus and rank of the officers therein mentioned and of any appointment
held by such officers until the contrary is proved.

PART V.
PINAL SUVITUDI ' AKO PRISONL
P,"al Sa.buk'
t 7'.

t 72.
73. Whene"er sentence shall be p;lsscd by a Courtmartial on an offender hnprl_.
already under sentence either of detention, imprisonment, or ptnal ""hade. I lMIlt of 01.
pusedopon him under this Act tor a tormtt'offenu. the Court rna,. award sentence leader ~.
01 detention,imprisonment, or penlol5trt'itude' for theoflencc for which he b under ready lInder
trial to commence at the expiration of the detention, imprisonment, or penal prelt.lUI
~~itllde' to which he has been pte\'iol1sl)' senteneed,:IlthOlI~h the agJ:!.repte of
, Slimlitllltdby the Union 01 Burma IAdaptal~ 01 Laws) Onkr.l94a.
......
_tenc;e lor

'Deleted ibid
Sce lootltOte to .. 52 121 ~ p.1O.
 '8 IJllhna Haw" Vo/mlller Rt~.
the term, of detention, impri50nmcnt, or ~nalservitllde' may exceerlthe lerm
for which any of those punishments could be otherwise 3warded :
Provided that nolhint: in this seclion shall cause a person lo under~o
imllrisonment or uetenlion lor llOY pl::riod excecdill~ ill the aJ:~reAalc two con-
secutive years, and so much of allY term of inlprisollmcnl or dClt'lllion imposed
on a penoll hy;t scntence in pursuance of thill section as would prolonJ!: the tolal
term of his punishment beyond lhat period shall bedllled to be remitted.
PnsOfU.
Term .nd 7 . (l) Everytenn of pen::d servitude', imprisonwnt, or dctentionin punuaDce
pt:KC 01 of this Act shall be reckrned as commencing on the Ila}' on which the 5rotentt
;mprilOa- was awarded, :md the place of imprisonment or detentwn, whrther the
ment.
imprilOnment or detention was awarded as an ori~ina! or as a commuted
punishmenl, ,hall be such place as may be aPf'Ointed by the Coort or the
commandingonieer a\V;'lfdin~ the punishment, or which may from time to lime be
appointed by the President of the l:nion,and mar I in the c.'\Se of imprisonment, be
one of the nav:tl prisons :tppointetl ullder \lIb Act,'or llaV;l! t!etcnlion IluMitr$, or
allY common ~aol, house of ,orrectioll, or milil:lry pri~on or delentiOIl barrack,
and may in thc C3se 01 delention b}' any naval detention qUMtcrs or a military
detention oorr:l.ck I >;I '.
(ZJ Where, by n:;l.son of a ship bein~ at sea or off :'l place at which there is
no ",roper prison or naval detention (llI:'lrtc:rs, a senltnce (If imprisonment, or
detcntion. :'lS the Co1S( may he. cannot be duly exccllted,lhen sub.it"cl:'ls herein:lfkr
mentioned. an offend!,.-r under senlence of imprisonment or detentic", as the case
m.1Y be, lTlo1y be sent with all reasonable .peed to some place at which there
is a proper prison or na\',\1 detention quarten, or, in the case of anofferder under
sent.:nce of detention, to some pace at ....hich there are n:l.\";I1 detentic n quarlers,
in whi,h the sentence can be duly uet:uled. :llIfi on .nriwl there Ihe oR"ender
shall nndcrgo his sentence, in like m:\nocr a. if the d3te of such :mini were the
day on wltkh the senteOl:e was a\\'3rded, :Illd lhat notwithsbndina,: 1113t in the
meanwhile he has returned to hili dul)' 0('" bcconle tnUtled to his dischara,:e; and
the krill of imprisonment or cleten!i(,n, :LS the Co1S( ",;ly be, shall be reckoned
ou::o.:onlina,:lr, sllbjeo.:t however to the deduo.:tioll of an)' time durinG whkh he has
been kept in contincment in respect of the said sentellce,
(J) Where ill pursu:mcc of this Act :l perSOll i. senleno.:td 10 impl'i~onment or
dttention the ortler of the J'rellitlenl of lhe Union or ollhe ,omm:ln(lill~om(ercof
the llurma Naval Voiliuteer Heserve or of the oOicer orc1erilJR Ihe Court-moltllal by
which such person was senlence(l, or, if he was sentcreed br Ihe comm:mdil"J.!
officer of a ,hip, the order of sllch commandina.: ollieer, Ihall he a suffident W:l.rrant
for the ICndin&: of such person 10 the place of impriMlnment or dettnlion, Ihere
to \I",I~fI:'o his lentence accortlin& to law, and until he reachl'$ sUch place of
imprisonmtnt or detention for detainin~ him in D:I\'a1 c\lslad}', or in the case of a
perMln senten:d 10 imJ)risonmtnt in any civil p';son or pbce of confinement.
7.A. Where;a person h:ls been sentenced to pen,,1 servitude I or imprison-
ment or detention the l'rtlidmt of the Union or omcer who b)' virlue of sub-
sectit>n IJI of section seventy-four of Ibis Ad ha~ po"'er 10 iaue an order of
commilt:t1 (hereinafter in this section refelTCd 10 ;,\s .. the conlllliltill/o: aulhority t')
ma)" ;n Ii~u of iuuin~ such an order, nrder tll:tt the ~elltcllCe be IUspended until
an order of committal is issued, :tnd in such case-
(0) notwithst:mdini ll.n}'lhin~ in this Act, the term of the sentence shall not
he reckoned as eommencillg until 311 order of eonlmillal is issued;
I Stt CO<llnolc. lo ,. S~ (tl .t r.70,
, Dektcd by tile l'nioa of Bunll' CAdapalilHl 01 WIU, ON~rt t~'.
 (6) the cue may at any time, and shall at intervals or not more than three
months, be reconsidered by the PI''tIident of Ihe Union orl:Ommitlina
authority, or an officer heldin" luch command as the President of lhe
~nioll rnly by rCJl:ulalion prescribe. and if on <Ill}' such reconsideration
It ~lppears 10 Ihe President of the Union or COllllllitlill1ol :louthonly or
oOlcer that Ihe conduct of the offender since his conviction hu been
such as to justify a remiSl$ion of the sentence the PresitJenl of the
Union or ~mmiltin& authority 01' officer shall remit tbe whole or
any part of it ;
(e) subject to rculations made by the President of th'e Union, the flresiden!
of the Union or committing authority, or an officer holdine such
command as the Prtsidenl of the Union may by regulation pracribc,
may at any time whilst the senl~nce is suspend~d i.sue an order or
commitl:t1 and thereupon the sentellce ~hall cease to be sUlpt:nded :
(d) where a ptl'1On subject 10 this Actl whilst ;a sentence on him is 10
suspendt:cl, is sentenced to penal servitade or imprisonment or delen.
tion for any other offence, then, if he is at any time committed either
uncler the suspended sentence or uuder any such sub.equt:nlllentence,
and whether or not any such IUbielluenl seillence has allObetn
suspended, the commiltingaulhority may direct that the two sentences
shall run either concurrently or consecutivel}', so, however, as 1I0t
to C':I.use a person to ul\der~o imprisonment or detention for a period
exceeding the i\1:/tregate of two cousecutive yurs, and where the
senlence of such other offence is a ~enlence of penal servituue I, then,
whether or not that senter.!;e i~ suspended, any prc\ious senlence of
imprisonment ordelention which hoU been suspended shan beavoidcd.

Wherc a person ha: been sentenced to pellal servitude' or imprisoMnent or

detention and an order of committal bu beeu issued, the Pn::sident ollhe Union
or the colllmittill~ atlthorit}" or an officer hoJdinJ,l' stich conlmand as the President
01. the Union may by regulalion prescribe, may order the sentence to bc30uspended
=\nd ill such case the person whose sentence is suspended shall be disch:.r/tcd
and lhe currency of the sentence sh:J1I be 'Iuspended nnlil be is again committed
under tbe same senlencl'. "lid the {orej.loinJ: ra~l';Iphs 161, Cd and (iI) of this
section shall apply in like manner as in the case where a senten~e bas been
Suspended before all order of committal has been issued.
\Vh~re a sentence is suspended I:ncler this section, wheth~r belore or after
conlllliltal, lhe President of the Union or, subject to any re/.!ulalion 01' diredioD
which may be issued by the Pre.ident of Ule Union, lhe committin~ authority or
offi~r by wham the sentence is suspended mar. notwithstandin~ ;m)'thina: in
scct!on fiH)'-three of this Act, direct that an)' penalty which is involved by tI.e:
PUlllshlllent of pell1l servitude lor imprisonment or detention either shall be or
shall not be remitted or saspended.
71. Whenever it is deemed upedient it shall be l:awful fOC' tbe President of
the,Union. the commanding ofl:icer of the Burma Naval Volunteer Reserve, or '",prl.on. IftCItI
..
""',,;I,.
"hUlor na\'al oftlcer present, by ,1ny order in wrilin.:!, from lime to time (ochaille be chanKed.
~ e "lace of confinement of any offender imprisoned or sentenced to be ~
1l11rrlsoned or detainerl in pursuance of this Act or of any ofJemler nnder/toing or
.
.entenced to undergo detention, and the "aoler or olher person having the
CUstod)' of slIch offender shall immediately on Ibe receipt of such order remOft
~~h (lffc-nder to the 1:,101. prison. or house of correction, or, in the c:ue of an
q ender und~goinR or .e:1lenced 10 undergo detention, to Ihe naval ddenlion
~ mentioned in the Slid order. Or Sll311 deli\'er him o\'er to naul cuslody
-_:':::":::"::'="":":::I_::"::':t':IO::":'.:S~':(~='~1:r.::,.=.'::''::'::':':':::'':::''':::''::''::''::':':
 80

for the purpose of the offender bein,\/; removed to such prison or naval detention
qunters; and every gaoler or keePer of such last-mentioned prison, gaol, or
house of correction or nav.1 (letention quuters shall, upon being furnished with
a copy of such order of removal, attesled by a Secretary to the Government 01
the Union o( Burma for the lime being, receive into his custody and shall confine
purauan! to stich sentence or order ev('ry such offender.
E~pensCi of
rtmo~~1 or
16, The gaoler or othel person removing any offender in pursuance of ~uch
lubli,teace order shall be allowed for the charge!' of such removal a ~um not exceedin~ twelve
of ptilQllUI. annas a mile, and when any ollender is not confined in a naval prison or naval
detention quarters the gaoler or other person ill whose custody any such offender
may be shall receive such an allow.ance as the President of the Union sh.all from
time to time direct for ~ry day that luch offender is in his custody, to be ;tppJied
towards his subsistence, and such sum shall be paid to the said gaoler or othtr
person under the .authority of the President of the Union upon the application in
writing made to the President of lhe Union b}' the District lolal:istrate within
whose jurisdiction such "aol, prison, or house of correction shall be sitl1ate, with
a copy of the sentence or order under which the offender is confined
77.
Provij;O {or
di!ol:harJ.:c or
18, Whtn~\'er any offender is undergoinf,! imprisonment or detention in
rel1J(l~11 of ru-rsuance of this Act, it shall be lawh.1 (or the President of the Union or, where
priJomu. an offender is undel'J:oin{! imprisonment or detention by order of his commandin,
officer, for stich commandin~ (ffieer or the President of the Union to give an
order in writing directing that the offender be discharged; and it shall also be
lawful for the President of the Union, and any officer commanding any of Govern
ment ships, by order in writing, to dired that any such offender be delivered
over to naval custody for the purpose of being brooght before a Court-martial,
either as a witness, or (or trial or otherwise, and such offender shall accordingly,
on the production of an}' such order, be dilCharRed, or be delivered o\'er to IUch
custody.
Provllo ;u 19. The time during which any offender under sentence of imprisonment or
lo tillle of
ddclIllOlI ill (letention is detained in naval custody shall be reckoned as imprisonment or delen-
n~val CllS- tion under his lentence (Or whate\'er purpose he isso detained i and the govern~,
lod)'. I!aoler, keeper, or luperiutendent who shall deliver over such offender shall agam
~ceive him from naval custody, so that he may undergo the remainder of his
puni~hmenl.

III (a~e
in~an;h
of at. If any per~oll imprisoned or undergoinll detention by virtue of thi~ ~ct
priwlIl:n 10 shall become inS-lnt, and a certificate to that effect shall bt ~h'en by two ph}'&IClans
~ relnoved or surgeons, thl': President of the Union shall. by warr;ant, direct the removal 01
to IOmc such person to such lunatic asylum or other proper receptacle [or in!ane perso~s
lunatic in the Union of Burm! as he may judll:e proper for the unexpired term oi hIS
asylum.
imprisonment or detention: and if any ~ueh person shall in the same manner be
certified again o( sound mind. the President of the Union ma~' issue a warrant
for his being remo\ed to ~uch prison or place of confinement or l in the case of a
person sentenced to detention, such naval detention quarters :IS m:t)' be deemed
txpedient, to undt-rgo the remainder of his punishment and every gaoler or

T'.
..
keeper 01 any prison, gaol, or house of correction sbaU receive him aaordinglY,

81, (1) The President of the Union may set apart any huildinj:ts or ve!~ls,
Pre-ideal
may lef or an)' p:u't thereof, as l1~\'a! prisons or naval dt:tt:ntion quarters, and all)' hUilclll~g~
aparl or \'nsds, or parts of bmldlllg! or \t:ssels, so set ap:trl as naval pri'l)"s or na~
I Omitted by Iho; Ubio:l u{ Bunni tAdaptation of Laws) Order, 19~8,
 81
detention quarters, as the a.se may be, sh;.11l be deemed to be naval pcisons or bl.lilclinltl
nanl detention quarters, rtlpecliYeJr. within the meaning of this Act. Illd ,hip.
(2) The ['resident of the Union shall ba\'t the same po\\tr and aothon!)' in u u\,.1
respect to naval prnon. and RaY:l1 detention qU:l.rlen resptctirely as one of Hi. rrbonJ.
Brit;'lnnic Ma~st)"s Principal Sc-ent.,ries of Stale has in I'fl:'llion to milibr)'
prisons and detention barracks respedh-elr under steHOD one hundred :tnd thin,.
three of lhe Army Act, 1881, and Ih3.t .tl'tion 'hall applr u if it "'ere herein re-
eructed wilh the sumUlution of" the P~ident of the Union" for" a Stcrelary
of State ", and of .. nan.I" for II militM)' " and of .. n::anl detention quarters II
for" detention ~ck IO, and rules :llld felulalionl may be made aecordillRly by
the President of the Union.

,. 1 any person shall cOnl'ey or cause to be conve)'ed into a~' mch naval Pcultitt
pri~n or any such na\;tl detention qnarten any :um" toolst or illihumenl., or onaidinJ:
"ny m,uk or other disluise 10 f:u:.ilitate the e-sc:lpe C( ;In)' prisoner or person nea~ or
undergoina: detention Of by an)' tne?ns whateytr shall aid any prisoner or pef'1On ~1!11'1: JIJ
undergoin~ deter.tion to esc:ape or In an attempt to ncape (rom Mach prison or rti_tn
nav;!t detention qlUrters, whether an csape he :Icttl2l1)' made or not, lOCh per!\Oll andun
sh:tll be punished \\ ilh imprilOnment "'hich m:ly he either ri~orous or simple. for hr~ .. fA
any term not excdil'l$t: two ye:tr5, or Maller penal ~'ilndel (or any term not ~;~.':,UODI
exceedina fourleen )'rars ; and if any person shall brinl,: or ;lltempt to hrillJ! into '
such ~ison or n:tval detention quuterSt in contraYention of the rule!l. any
apirituous or fermented liquor. he shall for e\'err snch offence he liable to a
penally not Cltceeding two hnndrcd n1pees and not It"', Ihan olle IlIllidred rupees ;
and i( any person shall brin.: into slIch prison or n:t\'al detrntion quarters or to
or for an)' prisoner or person t1nd~goin. deteulion, without the knowled~e of
the officer havin" charlte or comm.1nd thereof, any money, c1othillJ!., pr'O\'isions.,
tob:l.cco, leltetS, p:t.pen, or other arlicles not ::allowed b)' the rules o( the prison
or Daval detention quarte" to be in the potst:ssion o( a prisoner orprrson under
!Zoin, detention, or shall throw into the said prison or nayal detention qu:lrlers
any such articles, or by d6ire of an)' prisoner or person underltoing cletention,
"'ithout the s",nction o( the s:licl officcr, shall CfII't)' oul of the prison or nanl
detenlion qU:l.rtera an)' of lhe articles aforesaid. he shall for Cl'er)' such offence
he liable to a penalt), not e:u:eedina: fifty rupees i ar,d if an)' pemtn shall interrupt
an)' officer o( such prison or naval detention quarters in the execution of his dulYI
or shall aid or ncite an)' persOn to ;'I,s;\ull, retist t or inlerl1lPt any such officer,
he shall (or every lluch offence be liable to a penalty not ex('eedinJ: fift), rupec~.
or if the offender be a prisoner or person undergoing detention, he shall he
punished with imprisonment, which may be either rigorcus or simple, fOr an,
time not excecdilill. six calendar month., in addition to ~o much 01 the lime for
which hc \\'as oriJ:inally sentenced al may he then unexpired. and c\'ery snch
pen:l.lty shall be applied as the President ot the Union shall direct, an)' law,
statute, ch.'\rter. or custom to the contnry notwithltandinlli,

II, Eyer)' l0...ernor t ~oler, and keeper of any prilOn, g:to! or house CJf I'tnaltr"
correction Or o( any n:l.l':\1 detention quarters, and "ery officer havin~ the charge rtlar~
or command of any place, ship, Or vessel for impriMlnment, who shall, without laolm, ck,
lawful excuse, refule or ne"lect 10 receivt or confine, remcwe. discharJe, or
dt:li\'er ur any nffender ~ajnst the pro\;sions of this Act, or an)' of them, shall
"tnatr (or evuy such refusal or neglect a penalty not Cltceedin one thomastd
rupen, and ..cry luch penalty shall be apptied u the I'resident of the Onion
shall direct. :\n)' law, statute, charter. or custom ,10 the contta'y not'tlithstandin,.
.See footllote to .. 51111 at p. 70i
 82
PART VI.

SUPPLEMENTAL' PROVIlIOll'Il.

Short title, a., This Act may be cited for all purposes as the Naval Discipline Act.
1'5, ~ 0
Definition of 86, In the construction of Ihis Act. unless there be something in the cOlllnt
lermt. or Il1bjed matter repllgDant to or inconsistent with such construction.-
" Admiralty" sball mean such authority as ma, be appointed by tbe
President of the Union in this behalf ;
I' Officer" shaUmean an officer belonging to the &rma Navy and sball
also include an officer in the Burma Naval Volunteer Reserve during and in
respe.;t of lhe time when he is subject to tbe provisions of this Act. but s.11
nol extend to petty and noncommissioned officers;
When the words '. superior officer" are used in this Act they shall be held to
inclu<Ie :111 officers. W:lIT:tnt officers, pelt}' )nd non,commissioned officert.
I'tl'!'ollllS ,nb- 1." Every person in or belongin~ to the Bunna Nav\' and every memh
je,t 10 Ihl, of the Burma Naval Volunteer Reserve to the extent specified ill section 4 01 the
Att. Burm:l N:wal Volunteer Reserve (Discipline) Act .hall be subjecno this Act; and
all other persons hereby Or by any olher Act made Ii:lble thereto shall be lriabll:
and punishable under the provisions of this Act.
Land and II. The Bmmaland and air lorus. when embarked on board any Goma
air lorc~ ment ,hip in comminioll, shall be suhjtt:t to the provisions o( this Act 10 such
cmharkrd U .extent and Ullde( such regulations as the President of tllt Union may prescribe.
~uen~f1I.

89 All otber persoas orderrd to be rtteived or beina palsrncen on board

......
00'"
tm!>;\rk(d
an)' o( Government ships shall be deemed to be persons suhjtt:t 10 this Ad
under ~lIch regnlatiol'is as the President 01 the Union ma)' (rom time to time
direct.
"I~
ameen.,
Pr"\lisionl ,..,111 any person who would not otherwise be suhject ~o this Act entert
lor sQ. into an enPltement with the Admiralty to serve the Govemment-
jttlin!!
rtain to) in a parlicnlar ship, 01'
penons to (6) in :l particular ship or in such ships as the Admiralty may from lime 10
n."al dis time determine.
cil'line in
time of
:tnd a~rees to becolUe lubject to this Act upOn entering into the en~ent, tbat
PC"?" shOlt!. 10 lone as the enll:\(ement remains in force. and notwithstandin' for
the l!~e helng ~e may not be KTvmg in any ship, be subject to thii Act, and the
prOVI~OIlS o( thiS Act shall appl)' in relation to that penon OlS if while subjed to
this Act, he belonged to the Burml. N:l'fY and were borne on th~ books of one of
GO\'enunent ship' in commisaion.
ttl [The President 01 the Union m.'\)". by Order,r direct that subject to SUCb
ezceptiDr." as m.'\y in Po'\rtitutar cises he made by or on heh2U of' the Admiralty,
pc,rsonR o( a~y wch cl~s as ~y be specified in the Order shall, while subject to
thiS Act by 'Ylrtue of thiS section. ~ deemed to be of&cers or petty ofticers. as tbe
case m:\}' he, (or the Pl.lrpQH~ of thiS Ad or of such provisions of this Act al IIUt'
be SO spteified 0 (I . , I

1)e1tte4 by the'Unkln of BlIrma IAdafllaUon 01 LlwslOrder, 1941,

Sllbst1\1I1tt1iti.-.
 83
9IA . (I) Where an officer or non-commissioned officer, not below the rank of Relation.
,ergeanl,lS a member of a body of the Burma military forces, aClinl( with, or bel...cm
Inilitary,
is attached to, any body of the Burma naval forces under 9uch conditions as roilY ulVal, and
be pr~ribed by reeulations made by the Admiralty and Army anthorities, thtn, IIlr {oreet
for the purposes of command alld discipline and for the provisions' of this Act acllnt:
reL'lliog to superior officen. he shalt. in relation to such 'body of th, Burma naval tOjelher
forces as aforesaid, be treated, and rna)' exercise all stlch powers.(other than powers
of punishment), as if he were a naval officer or petty officer, 'l' the case may be.
IlA~ Whereanofficeror noocommissioned officer. nol below the rank of
se~nt, u a member of a body 'Of the Burma air force acting wilh any body of
tbe Burma Davallorces und~r such conditions as may be Prescribed by reA:ula.
tions made by the Admiralty and Air authorities :and such officer or non..(X)mmis
$iooed alicer is not borne on the boob of any of Go\'ernment shiPs in commiuion,
then, for the ~ of co~lmand ud <tlscipline and for fhe pU!'POSCS of Ihe
provisions of this Act reb..tinJ'! to superior officers. he shall, in relation to such bod}'
of the Burma naval forces llS aforesaid. be treate", ;'tnel may exercise all suoh
paweNi (other than powers of punishment), as if he were a na,.al officer or ~lty
ofEicer, as the case maybe.
(2) Where any naYal officer or seaman is a l1'l~mher of \'I hocly of the Burma
naval forc~s acting with or is attached to :lIly body of the Burma military forces
under such conditions as nlay he prescrihed h}' re~uL'ltion!lmade by the Admirally
and Anny authorities, then, for the purposes of command "find cliecipline ao(1 (oe
the purposes or the provisions of this Act relating to superior officers, the ollicert
and non-commissioned officers, not below the ra.nk of ser"ennt, of !luch mititilt)'
body shaU, in relation to him. be treated, and mll)' eltercise all such powers (other
tban powers o( pullish~nt), as i( the)' were naval officers nnd petty officers.
(tA) Where any naval officer or ~man is a memher tlf a bod)' of the Rurma
nanl forces actin5f with any hod)' of the Burma air force uncler such l,.'01lditions
as maybe prescribed b)' regulations madehy the Admiralty and Air authorities.
then, for the purposes of command and discipline and for the purposes of the
provisions of this Act relating to superior officers, the officen and non-commis
sioned offic.ers, not below the rank of sergeant, of Illch ~y of the air (orce shall,
ill relation to lum, be treated. and may exercise all such powers (other than
powers of punishmentl. as if they were naval of&cers anel pr.tty officers.
(3) The relative r:lnk of naval and military and air force officer!l, pett)' officers,
and non-commissioned officers shall for the purpose of this sectiOn he such as is
provided by the Army Regulations :lnrl Admiralty Instructions for the lime beine
in force.

'90B.-9tC.
91. When any ope of Government ship. shall be wrecked or lost ordeattoye4i ('reWi of
or taken by the ellem)'. such ship shall for the purposes 01 this Act be deemed to .hlpl kilt
remain in commission until her crew shall be reeularly removed into .ome other or dnlr0yt4.
of Government ships of war, or until a Courtmartial shall have been held,
to
p'1t$UQnt the custom of the Nul' in IUch cases: to inquire into tbe caust' 0( the
wreck, loss. destruction. or capture of the uid ship.
'2. When nn specific char&e shall b.e made apin. any o8icer or seaman or All lhe
other pt'rson In the Reef for or in respect or in consequence of such wreck, lOIS, oIiccn and
destruction, or capture. it shall be lawful to try "all the officers and crew, or all the crew of 100t
surviving officers and crew, o( any such ship t~Jtelher. before one and the same Ilhip rna)' be
COllrt. and to call uron all or any o( them when upon th~ir trial to Jtive evidence lried by one
Coo",
I ~ by the UniOD 01 811fml (AbptatkJD 01 La....) Order. 11)4'.
 84 Burma NUG' ,Volnlttr RelCrf,

on oath or alfinnation before the Court touching any of lbe matters thep under
inquiry, but no officer or seama.n ?r olher. person shall be oblilled to give any
evidence which may tend to cnmlllate himself,

Trial
IelQrate
b, 93, When deemed necessary br the Pre$ident of the Union or any office:-
authorized toorder C(Mlrls-martial, sep.1rnte Courlsmartial shan be hell,! for lhe
COOll'l. trial of some one or more of ~uch onicen and crew for or in respect or in
consequence of the wreck,los~, de!itruction, or capture of-any such ship.

yO' .... ,<t. For any offence or oRenees committed by any officer or seaman, or
'equenl officers and seameD ilfter the wreck, loiS, d~lruction, or capture of anr such l1lip
oIenre,
a separate Com1-ll\3rtial shall be held for the trial of such offender or offenders~.
""""
Court.
Po,,,, 95 When an)' Government ship Sh..lll be wrecli:ed,I05t, orolherwise destr'O)'ed
crewl of or taken hy tile enemr, if it shall <l;ppear by the sentence of a Court martial Ihat
tltipl lost
or tatro. Ihe crew of .nch ship clid, in the (,:'ISe of a ship wrecked or lost, do Ibeir utmost
to s;I.\'e her or ~ct her offnd in the case of a ship taken by the enemr did their
utmoal to defend thel1\selve,. ;l.nd that lhey han, since the wreck, destruction,
1000~,or clpture of such ship, behaved themseh'e! well, ;lOd been ohedient to their
oAken, then all the par of snch crews, or of s\leh rortions of sl1(h crews as have
behaved Ihemsch'es well and been obedient to their officers., shall be continued
until the time of their beillJ:l discharKed or removed inloother Govtrnmrnt ships,
or d)'inR:.

\\'Mn ~ip 96 If the ship of :o.ny oAker ordered t(l command anr two or more of
of MlliO!" Government ships sh:ill be wrecked,lost or otherwise destroyed, such officer shAll
cilker is
lost he Da)' continne in the command of any ship or ship which at th~ time
of his ship being

...,,,,,
dispm.c of
...
wrecked, losl, or destro)'ed was or were under his command, and it shall be
lawful (or Slleh officer to order the survivin/: officers and crew of the wreck-rd
crew of lost lost. or destroyed ships 10 join any other ship under his command, or to distribute
Ihit'. them amon/: the other ships under his comm<lnd, if more than one, and sl1ch
olfie~'r shan, until he lnrets with some other officer senior to himself, have the
same power and authority in all respects as if his ship had not been wrecked, lost
or destro)'ed.

Rtllrktion '7 It Sh.111 not be lawful for any persOn to arrest an}' pelt}' officer or seaman,
011 afl'tst non-commissioned oAieer of marines or marine, belon,l!.ing 10 an}' Government ship,
ofltamtn, by any warrant, process. or writ to ~ (t ~ 'for any debt, unless the debt was
etc"IM
dtbt. contracted at a time wheu the debtor did not belong to Government serrice, nor
unless before the issuing of the warrant. process or writ, the plaintiff in the suit
or some person on his behalf has made an :Ulicb\'it in the Court out of which it
is bsued that the debt justly due to the plainliff (over and above all
coats) was
contracted at a time when the debtor did not belong 10 GoYernment serrice,
nor IInless a memorandum of such aftid...";t is marked on the back of the warrant,
prOCtS!l, or writ.

Dilcllatle N. If AA~' pitty officer or se:tm\n, non-comminioned officer of marines or

Irom arre4t, marine is arrested in contr.lvent.ion of the provisions of tbe la~ fore,;oing
section. the Court ant of which the warratlt, process, or writ issues. or any Judlte
thereof, rna}'. on complaint by the part}' anClted, or by his S1lperior officer,

I Deleted.by tht Union of Burllla (AdapCltioo oj La..1 Order, 1941.

 BIIIIIl4; N".I Volntut Resefw. as
investiJ,(tte the c.1Se on oatlt or otherwise, and, if ~lisfied that the arrest
\V<l~ made in contravention of the provisions of the last f~l%oina: itction, may
mlk"e all order {or the immediate discharge of the party arrnted, without fee,
;tnd may award to tbe complainant tbe coats of his complaint, to be t"xed by the
proper offi~r. Cor the recovery Whereof he ~h:&11 baTe' the like remedy as the
plaintiff in the suit would have on judgment being given in his Cnour with
cool.

'8A. <tJ A person subject- to this Act shall be liable to conlribute to the Liabillty
maintenance of liis wife and of his childre" legitimate or iIIegitim;Il(', to tile $4lme 0{ Ie:untn,
ctc., lor
e:dent as if'he were'Dot so subject; but execution in .reSpect of luch liabilit} maJnlella!lcc
or of any decree or order in respect of such maintenance shall not issue at.:ainst or whn aDd
his pefson, po"y, arms,'ammunition, equipments, Instruments, or clothing, ..hiJdrcn.
(ZJ Wh....-
c.).,it appe:m to the satisfaction of the President of the Union or iJny
perlon deputed by hiin (or the purpose that a person subject to Ihis Act
has d~erted or left in destitute circumstances, without reasonable
cause, his wife or any of his leJ,(itinute children under fourtetll years
of age i or
(b) any decree or order i, made under aay law for p-1yment by a man who
is or subsequently becomes IObjectlo thili Act either of the cost of
the maintenance of his wife or child, or of the cost of any relief Jth'en
to his wife or child bY' way of loan, and a copy of such decree or
order is sent to tbe President of tbe Union or any peoon deputed by
him for the purpose ;
the President of the Union or the pet'1On so deputed may direct 10 be deducted
from the pay of tbe person so subject to this Act, and 10 be appropriated towards
the maintenance of his wife or children, or in liquidation of the sum adjud..:ed to
be paid by such decree or order, as the case mil' be, in such manner a~ the
President of the Union or the person so deputed m:ly think lit, a portion of such
pay, at his discretion, but the "mount deducted 'hall not nceed the amount fixed
by the decree or order (if any), and shall not be a higher rate than the rates
tixed by rules made in this behalf by the President of the Union:
Provided Ihat no such deductions fronl pay in liquidation of a 'urn adjudJ:ed
to be paid by a decree or order as aforesaid 'h,,11 he ordered.unless Ihe Presi(lent
of the Union, or the per:.on deputed by him, is satisfied that the peraon against
whom the decree or order was made has h"d a reasonable opportunity of appear-
in~ himself, or has appeared by a duly authorized legal representative, to defend
the case before the Court by which the decree or order was made, and a
ccrti6.cate. purporting to be a certificate of the commanding officer of the ship
on which he \\'a$ or is semng, or on the books ofwhicb he was or is borne, that
tbe peNOn has been pt"C"'euled by the requirements of tbe !"tn'ice from attend.
ina at a he"lina of :lny ll..cb case shall be c\'idenoe of the fact unless the contrary
i, proved.
Where any arrun have accumulated in respect of sums adjudced to be'~id
by any sucb decree or order as aforesaid whil.t the person againit whom the
decree or order was made was servine under this Act, whether or not deduction.
in respect: tllereof haft: been made (rom his pay under Ihis section, tbtn arter he
ha., ceased S(\ tn serve an order of committal shall not be made in res~ct of
tMsc arreus unless the Court i, satis&ed thll he is able, or has. sinct he has oe.utd
so to serve, been :lble to p;ty the arrears or "n, p;trt thereof and haa" failed to
do 50.
 86 SIU'IM N".", v. l.1m. RGIr'H.
~l Where a proceeding under ~ny law is institoted alV'inat a person Rubikt
to,thll' A.ct for th~ purpose of enforll.lng <l}.l:ilinst him any $Uch liability af abo\'~ in
th~s sechon ~entlo~d, t~e process may be served on the commanc1in~ ofticer of Ihe
shIp on wblch he IS servtn~, or on the books of which such perso'n is borne, or
where, by reason of the ship being at sea or otherwise, it is impractklable to senre
the process on such commanding officer, the proceas may, alter 110t less tban
three \'1ceks' notice to the Presidenl of the Union, be served by being Itnt 10 i
Seeretary 10 the Government of tbe Union of Burma for transmission to SllCh com-
mantlin)t officer, but such service shaJlllot ~ valid unless thert. is Jefl therewith in
the hands of such omm..mding officer or J>r!$ident of Ihe Union such sum of money,
if any (to be adjudged as costs i.ncorred in obtaining the deate or .order. if made
acainst tbe person on whom the proasa is issued>, as may be fuced by Ute
President of the Union as being neoestary 10 enable him to attend the hUrin. of
the ClSe alld to return to his ship Of quarters. and ~lJCb IUnl may be cKpe:nded by
the commandin)t officer for that purpose. and no process whalever under any law
in any proceedi~ in this section mentioned sh.tll be valid againtt a per50n
Itlbject to this Act if served after such penon is under orders for se~c;e on a
{oreij,ln station. .
The production of a certincate of the receipt of the process purportinR to be
si)tned by ~uch commanding officer aa aforesolid shall be evidcnce that the process
bas been duly served unless the contrary is proved.
Where. by a decree or order sent to the President 01 the Union or officer in
accordance with IUb-section (Z' of this seclion, the person a~ainst whom tbe
decree ororder is made is adjudged to pay as costs incurred in obtaining the decree
or order any sum so left with the process as alores.1.id. the President of the Union
may QUit .... sl1m (Qual to the sum 10 left to be paid in liquidation of the sum so
adiud~ed to be paid as costs. and tbe amount so paid by Ihe President of
the Union shall be a poblicdebl from the person against whom tbe decree ororder
was Dl;lde, and. without prejudice to any otber method of recovery, may be
recovertd by deductions from bis PI}', in addition to thOle mentioned in
sub-section (Z) o( tbis section.
(4) This section shall not apply to person. subject to this Act where such
peno"" are officers.
(5) In this section tbe e~pression "pay" includes all sums payable to a man
in respect of his service. other than allow;mces ill lieu of loclJ.:inll:s. rations. pre-
visions atld c1olhina.

PART VII,
SA'f11tG CUUSE.

-... . . .
tP,
.
1.. Nothing in tbis Act contained sball be deemed or t,Un 10 supersede or
Ad not ttl affect the authority or power of any Court or tribunal of ordinary civil or crimin*1
.....H . .
,.lIml)' of
jurisdiction, or any officer thereof, t c t ) . , in respect of any oftenee mep-
or'iDary tioned in tllis Act which may be punishable or cognizabl~ by tbe com~on t?'".
Coo", staltlte law, or to preYenl any person being PN!Cefldcc1 a~~lII~t and pl1n"hed In
respect of au)" such oCrell.:e otherwise than under this Act.
 87
1lIE NAVAL ARMAMENT ACI.
[INDIA Acr VII, 1923.1 ClOth November, 1923.)

WH~5~.~t is expedient to eive eiect in t.he UntoD of Burma to the T*ly

for the Limdahon of Naval Armament and for the Exchlnjte 01 lofofnntion
COOCtmi&tg N';lwl Construction signed in London on behaU of Hi. Britannic
~lajC$t, on 1M lwenty:fifUI day of, ),J,mb, 1936 ; It i. hereby eaacted as follou.. :_

I.
2. In this Act, unless there il,anrlhina.nlpugnanl in the whjee! or context,- DeliniUoui.
(.) " competent Court II mUlls the Hieh Court or such other Court
h:t'Vin~ unlimited oriJ,!inal civil jurisdiction a.s the President of the
Union MaJ" "declare to be a competent Court for the purpose. of
tbts Act;
(6-) ~.dli~ tI means any boal. vessel. battery or cra.lt, \.ttelher whoUy or
~rtlf constructed, which is intended to ROIl or is cap:lble of
ftootintt on watu, and includes all equipm~nl belonaioJo: to IIny ship;
and
(,) .' the Treaty" meaDs the Treaty for the Umitation of Nat'"~1
Armament and for the Exchange of Informltion concernmg Nanl
Construction signed in London on bchall of His BJitanAic Majesl)'
on the twentyfifth dllY"of March, 1936,
3. No person shall, except under and in aetOrdaoce witb tbe condition. of Halrictlon
Of! blliklinll:
a licence itta'lntecl ugd.:r tbis Act,-
ote<.tr.ipplllll:
(a) build any vessel of Waf, rI alkt, arm or equip any Hip 50 :uto ,eaels of
~,.
adapt her for usc al a vessel of war i or
(ij de~patc;b or deliver, ~r ano\\" to be despatched or delwerr:d.
from. afloy place in the Union oE Burma an)" ship which has betn,
either \\'holl)' or p;l.rtly, built. :altered. armed or equipped as a vessel
of war in any part 'of Hi, Britmnic lt1aj~Y'8 Dominions or in a
Slate in India. or Pakistan olherwbe than uneler and in accortbnce
with any law for tM,lime beinlt in force in Ihat part orSlale.
Licencet
... (IJ /{ Iicenctunder this Act for .,. of the ""rposes specified in section 3
may be' lfan'ed by lite President of lhe' Unioo. and shall not be refused ulllen
it appears to the President of the Cuion lat SItCh relusaJ is Dete56&ry for tile
P\ttPOse of securing tbe obsctv.nluw-tbe- obliptiolls impostd by the Tm.ly:
and. wbert. Jicenceircranted sultject to conditions. the conditions ,hall be aueb
only u the" President of the Union may think necessary for the purpose
aforesaid.
fll An :l.pplication for a licence under this section shall be in $l.lCh form and
sb~1I be accompanied by stich designs ~nd particulars as the President of the
Uttion may, by general or sPKial order, require.
S. (I) If any person contravenes any of the provisions of section 3, he ~hall
be puni~h;lble with imprisonment for a lerm whicb mil)' extend to two years, or
,,ith line whk'"h may edend 10 oue thot~'nd rurtts, or with both.
(1) Wh~":lll offence punishable under sub-srction (I) has heeD commiU_d
b)' :t COmpan)' or corpor.\1ion, ewt)' director a.nd manager of sllch com"pany or
COrporation shall be: punishable thereunder unless he pro'fts Ibat the ad
\X)nstitutiDg the 08"eQce took place witbout bi~ knowlwQ:e and COCIlebt.
 bl Na",,; "'IIIal/l,;,I.
(3) Nothing conl3ined in section 517 or section 518 or section 520 of the
Code of Criminal Procedure shall be deemed to authorize the desltuction Of
connSC.l.titln under the order of any criminal Court of :lOy ship which is liable to
forfeiture uoder this Ad or of any part of such ship.
U ...bihtv 01 6. Any ship which has been, either wholly or putly. built. allered, armed,
5hiJ'ilIO or equipped as:t velselof wat in tbe Union of Burma in contravention ol seclion 3,
'orlcilllte. or in all}' part of His Brilannic Majesly's Dominions or in India or Pakistan m
ccnlr.1vention of an}' like provision o(law inforce in that part or India or Pakistan,
sball. if found in tbe Union of Bunna, be liable to forfeiture under this Ad.
SriWTC, ,. (I) Where a ship is liable I.> forfeiture under Ihis Act,-
dttcntion
lind <nn;h (a) any Ma:istrate of tbe first class, or
0I.1~ (b) any commissioned officer on foil pay in the military, naVid Of air
sen'ice 0{ the Go\'emmtnt, or
(,) any officer of customs or police~fficer not below such rank 3$ may be
designated in this behalf by tbe President of lhe Union,
may Rize such ship and ddain it, and, if the Sllip is found at sea within the
territoriOiI waters of Ibe Union oi Burma, may brinG it to any convenient port in
the Union of Bnrmil-
(1) Any officer,takillJ,f :In}' aclion under subsection (1) lilaU forthwith report
the same through his official superiors to Ihe President of the Union.
(oi) The President of the Union shall, within thirly days of the seaure,
eith~r cause the ship to be released or nlake or cause to be made, in the mannet'
hereinafter provided, an applicltion for the forfeiture thereof, and mOl}' nlake such
orden for the temporary dispooal of the ship as he thinks suitable.
Procedure B. (1) An applic1tion for the forfeiture of a ship under this Act may-be
in lorc:ilurc mad'e by or under authority from the President of the Union to any competent
ol ~hipt"
Courl within the local limits of whose jurisdiction Ihe ship is for the time being.
(1) On receipt of :lily such applicallion, the Court shall cause notkdhereol
and of the date tilled lor the hearin~ of the :Ipplication to be served upon 0111
per SOilS appearins,:: to it to 1I:11'e an interest In the ship, and may give such
(liredions for the temporary dispoul of the ship as it thinks fit.
(3) For the purpose of disposing of an application under this section, the
Court sh:lll have lhe same powers and folio\\', as ntarl)' OIS may be, the same pro-
ce(lun: as it respectivdy has and follows for the purpose of the trial of suits under
the Code of Ci\'il Procedure and ;lOy ordt'r made by Ihe Court under this scelion
.h:lll be deemed to be a decree, and the provisions of the said Code ill regard to
lhe uecution of decreetl shall, as far as they are applicable, apply accordingly,
14) Where the Court is satisAed that the ship is liable to forfeiture under
this Ad, it shall pass an order forfeiting the ship to the Government:
Provid~d thlt, where any person IlllVill~ an inlerest in the ship pl"'O'l't$ t,o
the satisfaction of the Court thai he has not abetted, or cOllni"ed at, or by hIS
ne~ligence faeilitaled in any W;I)', ;l contr;lvention of section 3 in respect of the
ship, and such 'Ship has not been built as a \"esse! of war, it may pass such other
ordtr as it thinks til in respect of Ibe ship or, if it be sold. 01 the sale proceeds
thereof:

Provided {nrther that in no case shall any ship \\hich has been allered,
armed or equipped as a \'esse! of war be released unlil it hlS been restor'ed, to tbe
t.",tisfaclion of the President of tbe Union, to sucb condilion as not to rCDde r
it li3ble to forfeiture nnder Ibis Act,
 (S~ The Presiden~ of ihe Union o.r any person aJ!Rrie'f'edby any order of a
Court, other than the H1gh Court, under tbis section may, within three months of
the dale of such order, appeal to the Hitl:h Court,
9. Where a ship bas been forfeited to the Government under section 8 it D"I.OI lof
ma, be disposed of in such manuer al the President of the Union directs: ' lor ett.
Provided \bat. where: the ship is sold under this section. due re~artl'1I11all'
I>e had to,tbe obligations imposed by tbe Treaty.
II. If in any 'trial, appeal or other proceeding: 'Jnder the fOl'!lZOintl: provi- 8Jleclal
sions of this Act, any question arises as to whether a ship is a vel~1 of war or
whether any alteration. arming 01' e{luippin~ of a ship is such as 10 adapt rclcvOlnt
.""'of
facti.
it for use as a vessel of war, the question shalll>e referred to and determined by
the President of the Union, whose decision-silall be lilla! and shall not be questioned
in any Court.

II. (I) Where a ship which has been seized or delaine(I under section 7 or Penal!,"
section 8 and has not been released by competent authority under this Act lor rroceed.
proceeds to sea, the masler of the ship shall be punishable with, line 1111 to Ie.
Olfler scilure.
wt;ich may extend to one thousand' rupees, and the owner and an}' person who
sends the ship to sea shall be likewise so punishable unless such owner or person
proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge a\1(\ consent.
(Z) Where an}' ship so proceeding to sea takes to sea, when on board
tbereof in the execution of his duty, any officer empowct'cd by this Act to seize
:lIld detain the shipa the owner and master shall further each be liable, 011 the
order of the Court trying an offence pl:nishable under sub-section (1). to pay all the
expenses of and incidental to such officer beinR: taken to sea, and shall further be
punishable with line which may extend 10 one hundred rupess for every day until
such ofth.:er returns or unlil such time as would enable him after lea.,ing Ibe ship
to return to the port from which he was taken.
(3) AllY expenses ordered to be paid uDcler sub-section (Z) may be
recovered in the manner provided in the Code of Criminal. Procedure for the
recovery of a fine.

12. (J) Any' person empowered by this Ad to seize and detain any ship P1lwcrlo
may, alpn}' reasonotble time by day or night, entet any dockrard. shipyard or other enter dock-
place alld make illquiries respecting any ship which he has rcasoll to believe il prell, ltc.
liable to forfeiture under this Act,and may search such Sllip with a view 10 ascertain-
in~. whether the provisions of this Act have been or are beinlil: duly obserred in
respe.cUhereof, and every person in charge of or employed in suc.h place shall 011
reqoest be bound to t1:ive the person so empowered all rusonable facilities for
such entry lUld search and for makinR: such inquiries.
(t) The provisions of sections 101. 102 and 103 of the Code of Criminal
Procedure shall apply in tbe case of all searches made under this section.

fJ.No Court inferior to t11~t of a Magistrate of the first class shall Co'brls by
proceed to the Irfat of any offence plillishable under this Acl, and no Court shall ...hldt .nd
pro-.:eed to Ihe trial of any !illch offence except on complaint mOide by; or under ((tnt4ilionl
lubject to
authority frOIn, the President of the Union. ...hleh 01-
'mtnm.,
be tried.

U. No pro.>Cculion; suit Or other legal proceedinll shalt lie ag.'linst any IDd.IDIliIy.
penOll for anything in gO:Jd faith dope or ibtended to be done IIDdtr tbis ~t.
 90

11IE BURMA: VOLtJNtUR AIR fORCE (IlISCIPLINE) Aer.

{BORM.t MoT III, 19$1.] (16th March, 19-11.)

I. U) This A.ct ~ be ca!ted the-BurN' 'Vo4unteer' Air Force-<Pisciplinet-

AeI,19U.
W II UI~nds to the whole. of the VniOD of Bttrma.aad.applietlo1llUtbera.
of the Burma \'okmlcer"Air Force wbeTewr tilly 1m)" be.
In It Inll come into fon::e at OD.

2. Tile President of tile" Union may "We rules I for, the AOfttDtfteO,".
diKiptine :md rqnlatio. of the' Burma Volunteer Air Foree.

, ..
"'" S.
eo 51.
J. every member" of' the' Burma Volunteer Air Force ,,hile ullrte~oini
training in Jl'&ftua ce of fRieS made under lOCCtion 2. or when ca~ into. actual
servi..::e in pul'SU<uK'eof Ihe:said rules, shall be subject 10 the Air Jo'oree 'l\el, with
such modifications as arc: set out in the Scbetluk. and sh.wl continue (0 he so
SlIbject until <lui)' ~Ieastd from such trainin. or It:rYKt, al the case rna)' be.

... (l) If an)" member of the Burnu. Volunteer Air Force, wile.. required, in
purWlnce ('f rlll~ made Dllder fcction 2 to join " unit or attend ;lt ;lny plate-for
lhe purpose of IlndergoillJ,l trainin!!. failt' without reasonable eJ:cUIe to join or
attend ill acoordluce with SOC'h nquil'emcnt be ....aU be paDisbable witb fafe
which m:\)' extend to two hundrtd rwpees.
(1) If ilny membrr 01 the. &rma,Yohultcer- Air FOiutwhen.caUedioM
adual, SCt';';t: and requir~ by sud! call 10 join an}' unit or a\tend at .any' p12&e;

..
tail~ witbout rebOflable eJ:Cu$t: to compl)-, with Iud'l. ret.juircmall .-t. or within
sm:11 time aI;. the Pr~idellt o( tbe Union; mayl b)':ordet, diced, he shaJl be liable
,
Qt\)" 5.
to be apprehended and puniibed in al;cordance witb. th.,prov~OD$.of the.Air
Force Act relatirlJ.( 10 the apprehension aRd punishment of a persOll (lesertin~ \]f
improPt:rly a~llli\l~ himself from duly, subject to such mooifiCllti()fls as...," set
1:. 51.
01.11 in the Scht:dnle. t'xccp,t th:lt the' puniihlllent wallllot t'lu:eed ill1nri~)lment
whkh mOl)' elltend to two )cllr~.

S. When anr member of the Btlrn" Volunteer Air Force is required, in

punuance of rula; made under &retion 2, to join any unit or attend at any place
(or the purpose of uuder8<?ill~ lrainiug. at ill t:alled into i1ctaal.stmllr, .certilicate-
purportin~ to be -s~ned'b lUI oflit:er appointed in this behalf undf-,,tbi said rulp'
and stltinlt tbat the s;OO. me1!"ber failed to joinor, aUcnd ,in acc.ordaric:C'\l"ith $ui:LL
l'Cttuit't:1Qfllt: or call shall, \\'i~hout 'proof, ~,the sipature or.aVPoinbn.n,~such
oft1cer. ~ evidenct' of the lllatkr M;ated'lhttoin~

.: So Court inferior to that of 'Ii llaKKlrate-of the firot cLVs shall iry an
oII'ence pumshable'under sulHection (I) of std.ion 4.

'6.\." ~
I FtW"",Iet sadt: I'Olkr Ofdinan VIII 01 t94Cl, nn.' rtm," by Ibis Act we nHr." c;.;rltt,
I940.PaTtI,pr. 1l12a1ld 1217 '
S. ftA .....8$ ~ by Act XXII. 1046; but both .. 6.\ IItd So 7 WQC deItWd by lite
lJ.i. of.hrm:r. (AcIapUlklaof Law., Order, tN. .
 11.hM fohn/fur An- ' ..,e (Dirdtii.). 91
THE SCHEDULE.
M'OUl1ICATIONS IS' TNB AI~ FORCE ACT A' IUD1. APftICABl.l'TO TKS BuRIti
VOLU... .,.UR AI. FONCE.
Se~lioll 6 (3) (,) is omiUtd.
TIle followinl::: is subsliluLed for section 13 (z) la) ;-
' j When beloni:hlR to the Bmma Volunteer Air Force \\ithout ha"inll

obtained;,. regular disch,rae therefrom, or olhendse fullilkd the collditions

tn.ablinlo! him to enlist or enrol, enlists or enrols hirnself in Ibe telillar air {o~ or
in ,lilY ..ir force raised in tbe Union of Burma; or"
'fhe following is substituted {or section 13 (t) (6) :-
'I When belonging to Ihe Burma Vohmleer Air Force without havi.,,.
{ultilled the conditions enablin~ him to enlist, ellrol or entn'. enrol. himself or
enlisls ill the air (orce reserve or the auxiliary air (orcc, or any of the military
forcts, or enlen the Bur~ Naval Volunteer Reserve,"
In section 21 (2)-
(i) tbe words II provost marshal, or assistant prmoot manllal" ....herever
theY occur are omitted; and
(ill the word" or" is in:;erted between the words ,I oftic8t t. aad noll-
. commiSliioned officer" ",hertTer' they oc~ur,
In the pnriIo to section 28 tbe words II saffer imprisonment" are substituted
lor the words" be imprisoned, with or without bard labour".
Section 30 is omitted.
Section 31 is omitted.
In section 39A the words ''.Pre&identol the Union" are IUbttituted lor tbe
words II Air Council",
In section 41 (S) the words III the Ulllon 01 Burma to are sab$tituted for tbe
word .. ~JtIand " wherever it oc.curs.
In soclion 42 the words t. President of the Union II are subltituled {or the
words" Air Council .. and a full stop is substituted for lhe comma after the words
obtain justice", The lollowing words are omitted:-
Hwho are hereby required to examine into such complaint and (If 80
reqllired by the officeI') lhrou~h a Se~retary of State make thcir report 10 Hk
"Ia;esly in ordcr to receive the dilections of His Majesty thereon."
In seclion H (e) and (i) the words II with or withoul hard labour" are-
omitted.
In section 44 (U) tbe words " twenty-eial'lt days" are substilu*ed for tbe
words II two years ",
Provisos (51, (9) and (10) lo seclion +4 are omitted,
In proviso fll) to section 44 the words" prucribed by the Pruideot of the
Union" are substituted lor the words t, providied by Royal Warruli but sball
.MIt, save as may be provided by Royal Wamnt. be liabit to an,. forfeiture under
tbe Re,imental Debts Act, 1193, as applied to the Au Force. or UDdft' any Act 56. S7
rtlatinc to the military sa'fioJ,!S banks as so applied or any repIations 1Mdc: i. Viet.,
puriUlnce of either of the "bovemt:ntioned Acts as 50 applied n. c, S.
In sedion 4S (4) the words" or a pWost manhal Of .a.slant Pt"O\'OIt
marshai''' and tbe words ~ pr~ manhal or assistant provost marthal" are
omitted and the word " or" i$ inserted betwCCII the word ., oScer" aud the
words" non-commiMioned oIficer ",
In section 46 (l) thl! followint v.'Ol"ds are omitted :_
"or, in the case of an officer below the rank 01 lQuadronoieadu or 01 a
warrant of&cer ala)' refer the case to be dealt with almmarily by.aD air or gaenI
oftic:er uDder tbe prO\'isklnl of this Act,"
 In section 46 (1) (d~he followin" words are omitted:-
"may awarll 10 'he 08el)(ler field punishment within the 'meanitlJ: of
section {arty-four of thi Ad for allY period 1I0t exceeding lwenty'-ei~ht da~'s,
aod". .
In section 46 (3) the word" district" is omitted.
In section 46 (8) the \\:o\'d" district I t is ami lied wherever if occurs.
The followinl:: is substituted (or section 46 (9):-
II The power of deal ill).! summ:uily with a C'lle may be dt:leJ(3ted by the

commanding officer to aoy officer under his command in accordance \dth such
provisions as may be pr~ribed :
Provided th.,t such offi~r shall not have power to inflict an)' I'tl1lishment
other than a minor puaishment. or such Jim's (or drunkenness :is may be
prescribed."
Section 47 is omitted.
The following is substituted for section 48 :-
.. Th~ followinll niles are enacted with rC!lpcct to Courts-martial : -
(i I A Court-nMI-li..1 shall be convellcd by the President of the Union,
(iii A Court-l11adial shall consist of not less than five liar lIlorc than
nine officers who Sh311 be selected by the President o( the Union
(rom omcers of the Army in the Union o( Burma 110t below the
rank of Capt;dn ami (rom officers o( the re~ular Air Force and of
the Burma Volunteer Air Force not below the rank of "'light
Lieu(eu;ml.
(iii) Sentence of death shodl nOl be passed on any perSOIl without the
concurrence of twe-thirds at leastof the oftictr~ serving on the
l:ourtm~rti.,l by which he is tried.
(ivl The president of a Courl-m;lrtial shAll be appointed by lhe
President of the Ullion, but he shall not he under the r:lllk of
Squ:uJron-Leader if he is an officer of the regular Air Force or of
the Burma Volunteer Air Force and he sh..11 not he under the
rauk of Major if he is an uNicer of the Ann)' in the Union
of Burma.
'v, .\ Court martial shllll>e held;at such place;ls the President of the
Union may dirett."
Section 49 is omilted.
&CtiOll 5011) and seCtiOIl 5012) are ami tied.
In section 50 (J) the followin~ words Rre omitted:-
., s.,ve ill the ca~ of a field ~eneral Court-martiaL"
The followin~ is suhstituled for section 54 : -
. (lJ Subject to the provisions of this section with respect to the finding
of acquittal. the finding am: sentence of a Court-martial shall not be valid except
in 50 far as the same may be con6rmed by the President (of the Union.
(2) nle President of the Union may sen~ \>;;Ick :\ hlldillC and sentence
5ubnlilted to him for oouti.rmation, or either of them. for rC"bion once. but not
morc than onee 3ntl it shall lIot !Je lawful for the Court on 3ny revisiontc
ret:ei"e any addition:ll evicleucc; ilnd where the lilletill~ anI)' is' ~ent back fO;l'.
revision. the Court shall have power without anv <lir~tioll to revise the ::.ell!cnCt:
also. In no case shall the President of the Uni-c.n recommend the incrt'ase of a
sentence. nor shall the Courtmarthl on revisal of the sentence, either
in oht'diellCf': to therecon\lllcnd:'Itinn o( the President of the Union, or for any other
reason, have the po\\"er tl) inc!'':i\!!e the sentence awarded.
(31 The tindill).! o( acqniltal, whether on :III or some o( the off ences with'
which the aec:used is char~ed, shall not require conti.r~(jol1 or be su"jed to be
 93
revi:ied 1 and sball be pron\unced at once in open Court l aDd. if it relates to the
whole of the offences. the accused shall be relea~~."
The following is substituled for sec.tioD 56 (6) :-
If Where an aCCbsed it,charged belore a Court.martial with a cl.U offence
and the char~e is one upon '\\'llich, if he had been tried bY:l civU Court in Ihe
Union of Burma for SlIch an offence committed in the Union of Burma, he miJ(hc
h:1\'C been found J!:uilty of any other offence, the COllrt-marlinl shall ha\'c power
to lind him J::uilt) of that oil'ence."
The followinR is substituted for section 57 : -
."(lJ The President of the Union may, when confirming the sentence of
any Courtmarthl, mitigate or remit punishment thereby awarded, or commute
such punishment to which the offender might have been sentenced by the said
Court-martial, or if such punishment is death aw~rded for lhe offence of murder
then for penal servitude' or such 1'55 punishment as is in this Act mentioned 0;
if such punirohment is c.uhierinJt awarded (or an offence under section 16 o( this
Act, then (or tlismiss:ll from service or such Ins punishment as is in thi. Act
menlioned. The President of the Union may also suspend for soch time as
setmll cxpeditnt the execution of a !lenIence,
(II The President of the Union mly if he thinb fit mitigate, remit or
commute the punishment of a persOll subject to such punishment.
(.J) The provisions of this Act, with relipect to an original wntence of
penal servitude', imprisonment, or detention shall apply 10 a sentence of penal
servitude', imprisonment or deteulion imposed b)' \\'a,. of commutation,"
The (ollowin.: is substituted for section 57A W:-
.. \\'here an airman i! sentenced to penal servitnde I, impri!Onment or
detention, the President of the Union may, when confirming the senler,ce, dirrct
tillt the airman be not committed to prison or delention barracks until the
orders of the commandinQ; officer have been obtained,"
The following is substituted for section 57A (1):-
"The commanding officer may in the cast of the airman so sentenced;-
(II) direct that a committal to prison or detention b.'1rtacks .hall not be
i~sued until his orders have been obtained: and
(6) su!pend the sentence whether or not the airman has already been
committed to pri!on or detention barracks,"
The following is substituted for section S7A (5):-
II Where a sentence has bten suspended under this section, the case
may at allY time, and shall, at intervals of not more than three months, be recon-
sidered by the commandinJl: oOker, and, if on an,. such reconsideration it appe-ars
to the commanding officer that the conduct of the airman sinee his conviction
has been lucb as to jU:lotify a remission of the sentence. be sllall remit it:'
In section S7A (6) and in section 57A (7) the words "the commanding officer It
arc substituled for the wordS II :l superior air-force authority",
Section S7A (II and section S7A (9) are omitted.
The following is substituted for section 58 ; -
"(1) Where a sentence of penal servitude I or of imprisonment is passed b)'
a Conrt-martial. the airforce convict or air-force prisoner, a. the CaK may be,
ihall ullderao the term of his sentence in a civil prison where he shall be dealt
with in the same manner as an ordinary civil prisoner ander sentence of penal
servitude' or of imprisonment, as the case may be.
(1) Where a sentence of detentioD i. paaed by a Court-martial or by the
commandinJit officer the person on whom that Ientence ~a. been paued .haJJ
'The Union or Burma (A4aptaUOl'I of L3W') Ofde", 1948, di"ectI tbat 1a this Act aU
rcfneocn 10 I_al ...."itwk:ll 3 puni.hl!JCftt ~a11 '" ""*ned 10 have DO effect.
9t
under"o the lerm '!;If his detention either in a detention barrack, or in air-force
c'Q~lody. or partly in 'olle way and partly in the other, but nO: in llrillon."
'fhe folluwing is substituted for section S9:-
II The order of the Prf'sident of the Union or of the commanding offierr

shan be a silfficient wananl for the committal of an airforce conviit or air-Iorce

prisoner to :l. civil pri~n and [or his relea!;c therefrom."
The following i~ ~llbstituted for !leCHaD flO : -
" The Ol"(lcr of the President of the Union or of the commanding oft1etr
shalt be a sufficient warTant lor the commithl of an airman, On whom a sentence
of uelcntion hall been passed I to airforce C'\Il';tod}' or to a detention batTaCk ;;and
for his release therefrom."
The followine is substituted for section 61 : -
'I An air.force c('o\'ict or an airforce prisoner .hall be kept in air-force
custody alter the passing of sentence for such period as the commanding officer
may consider nece5$:lry for the remo\'al of such convict or prisoner, as the c~SI:
ma}' he. to a civil prison,"
The foHowing is substituted for section 61 :-
.. An airforce convict, an air-force prisoner or an airmMl under,aiDS!
rletention mOlY, dllrinJt his con\'eyallce from phce to place. be l>ubiected to such
re~tralnt as is necess.'ry fOt, hi~ sMe: conduct and remo,"I,"
S;:C"tiOIlS 63, 64, 65. 66 and 67 are omitted,
8eCtiOIl 68 (2) (II) is omitted.
The following is substituted {Ol' section 68 (2) (.) :-
I' The expl'e~!lioll dt'tentioll hurOlck' means a building or put of it build-

inf;t !let ap:ul as !>11l.:h b)' the President of the Union."

The follo\\'inJ,t is $ubstitut~d for srctioll 68 (Z, if):-
liThe eXJ)("cssion civil prison' means allY prison in the Cnlon of Bunn2
in wttich offenders sentenced b)' a civil Conrt to penal s.ervitude I or to impd!Ou-
ment c2n be oonrantd," . .
Section 68 eZJ (,) is omitted.
Section 68 <Z) ():) is omitted.
Section b8A. is omitted.
The fnllowinR, is s'lbstituted for section 70 (IJ :_
"Suhject to the provision!! of thi!l Act. the President of the Union mar hI'
rulCl' from time to time nlake and when m"de repeal, alter, or add to, provi!lion;
in r~Pttt o( the following matters or any of them. that is to sa)',-
(II) the assembly and procedQre ~f Courts of enquiry:
(b) the convening and constituting of Courts-martial i
(e) the adjournment, dissolution 2nd si;tin~s of Courts..m.,rti21 ;
(d) the procedure to be ob!lerved in trials by Courts-martial;
(el the confirmation :and, revision of the findings :tnd sentences of a Court
martial, and enabling the President e{ the Union to sub~tilute;:,
nlid sentence for an invalid Knt~nce of a Court.martial ;.
II) the carryin~ into elfrct sentences 01 Courtsmartial ;
(e) the forin!! of orden 10 he made under the prm'lsions of thil Act
rel:lting to Courts-martial, pellal servitude', impril:onmenl, or
detf"otion ;
IiI an)' m:ttter in this Ad directed to be prescribed;
(I) ~ny other rn."ltter or thinl expedient or necess:&r)' {or the purpose
ca"yin~ this Al:t into execution so far 25 relales to the in\'tstijt3'
o'
tion, tri"l :met puni!lhment of offences triable or punish;'lble bf
CC\Urt-m2rtialnnder this A.ct."
I ~ (qoUiote at p. 93.
 Ol/hna Vol"", " Air For" (DisdflU.r). 95
Section 70 (4) is\omiUed.
In seclion 73 (3) the words II President of tbe Union !' are substituted for
the words" Air Council It.

Section 14 is omitted.
In section 75 II) the words ,. President of the Union,l art
substituted lor
the words II authority confirming the 6ndinK and sentence of snch Collrt-martial
ortheAirCeuncil". :
In !lection 75 (Z) the words" President of the Union" are substituted for
the words ".contilming aDthority or the Air Council ". .
In k4.:tioll 1S (3' tile words" President of the Union II are stlbstitnted for
the words h confirmine: authority or tbe Air .Council It and for the words
)f :tathority or the Air Couacil "~
Part II is omitted. .
Part III i. omitted.
Section 122 is omilted.
Section J23 is omitted.
The followinR is substituled for section 1204:-
If Any person tried by ~ Court-martial shall be entitled, on demand, _t any

lime within seven ye:J.n alter the confirm3tion of the finding and senlence of the
Court or afler his acquittal, to obt~in from the officer or penon having custody
of the proceedi.ol!'l of such COllrt a copy thereof, includiilg the. proceedings with
re.jJeCt to the revision and confirmation thereof, upon payment for the same at
--the pre~cribed rate, and for tlJ~.Ptlrposnofthi!'l section the proceeding.oC Court
martial shall be pre8er,YC'd in ~ prncribed manner:
PrO\ided tlat, wJten an)' person tried by Court-martiOiI dies within the above-
. T;DCn~oed.period of seven ~'ellrs, his next-ofkin shall. witbiu a period of 12 months
.after hifil (Ic;athi lIave the same right to obtain a copy of the proceedinAs. II
Section 127 is omitted.
In section 128 the words .6 the Union of Burma" are st:Ibstilul~d lor th~
word" Engl:lnd ",
In section 129 (I) the words" the Hieh Court .. are substituted for the words
" His Xajesty's High Court of Justice in Rnlland ".
The la~t sentence of section 129 is omitted.
In section IJO (1), (tJ and (3) the wordl the President of the Union 10 are
snbstituted for the words I' Hi. Maiesty n wherl,.'Ver they occur.
In seclion 131 the word. 'I Chief Jailor" are substituted for the word1 Gover
nOr" where\'er it occurs i the words U the President of the Union" are substituted
fortbe words II a Sccrcta.ry of State" and the words" the Union of Burma" lire
substituted for the words the United Kingdom ".
The foUowin, is substituted for seelloR 132 :-
II (I) It shall be lawful for the President of tbe Union to let apart any
bnilding or part of a building under his control as a detention barrack.
(2) It shall be lawful for the President of the Ullian from time to time to
make. alter, and repeal rules-
C.l for the goYernmcnt, managementalld r~lliation of defention batracb,
(b) foc the appointment and removal and powers of inspecton, visdofSi
.governors and oAken thel'eof i and
(,,) fbr the safe custody of airmen nndergoioJ detention and the mainten~
: llQCe oj discipline amonR: them, and the puni9hment hy penon,1 ccr.
redia.. , nstrainl or otherwise of offence. committed hy sucb airmen:
PrOYidcd that such rules .1.aU not authorize corpcnl punithmt:nt to he
in8icled for any offt.-noe, nor render the ddention more lCftI'e IhaD
it il undc:r Ole: law in force: for the time bcinl ill any ciYil pri~ ...
96 Burma Vohmtur Ai,. Force fDiscip7itl().
Section IJi is omitted.
In section 134 W the words lC aiNorce prison or" arc omitted, and the
words" India or .. art: omitted.
In section 134 (2) the word," India or." are omitted.
Section 135 is omitted.
The following is suhstituted for section 136 : -
.. (1) n,e pay of an officer or airmail of the Bum:a Volunteer Air Force shall
he paid without an}' deduction other than the deductions authorized by this Act
or by
.
aur law 01" the time bdna: in force ill the Union of Burma.
(2 Notwithstanding anythinR in any taw in force as afofisaidin the Union
of Burma no part of the loay of an oRicH or airman of the Bumla Volunteer Air
Force $hall be attached by direction of a Court in satisfaction of any decree or
order enforceable aiainst him:

Provided that DoUlina in tbis suh-section affects allY attacbment on'er made
hy a Court in the Union of Bumla in respect C'f any Iiahility incurred before the
l."nd of the )'ear nineln Illmdrcd and thirty eight."
In section 137 the: wonls 'I Burma V~lllnteC'r Air Force: " are substituted for
the WOI-dS " rt'~ular air forl.."e".
In section 137 ("1) the words II President oi the Union" are substituted for the
WOI"(!S" Air Council",
The lollowing is suhstih;teci for section 137 (4) -
II The sum l"t~quil'e(1 to make good any l"ls~,damatite,or destruction of puhlic
or !>C:rvice proprrty. or property helon~in& to the Navy. Army and Air ~'orce
Institute!' whicll l after due inVC'stiption. appc;.an to the P,,'esident oi the Union to
have ht"en occasioned by any wron~ful act or neglig...Olcc on the ~art Of the officer ",
In section 138 the words II Bunna Voluntc~r Ail' Force" are substituted for
the words II regular air force ".
In section 138 (1) the words U or field punishmenl" are omitted.
In section 138 (3) the word:! '. hy the commandinR officel'deaHntit summarily
with a charge" al'e substituted lor the words " hy the authority dealin~ summarily
with a charg~ under section fort),se\'en 01 this Act ",
In section 138 (4.4) the words1'to be held in the prescrihed manner" a~
suhstituted fQr the words 01 to he held in th~ manner provided in the Kinit'!
RetitUlatiolls ".
Section 138 (5) is omitted,
In S(...d ion 138 (6) tbe words II not exec-edin&" soch amoullt a day for twent"
eiglt\ days as may be preSl."ribed .. are substituted (or the words II not t:l.ccedina;
one penn)' a day for lwent)"eiQ:ht clays",
In section 138 (I) the word," President of the Uni"n " are substituted for the
words .. A.ir Council to and tbe words qor auy officer lteputed hy them for the pur-
pose II are omitted.
'In pl'rn..iso ((I) to section 138 the words II le5s than such amonnt a day as IT'ay
be prescribed" are suhstituted for the wOI'd,1l less thau one penny a day ",
The fol1owiol is suhstitut('d f:'r section 139 : -
II Any deduction c;f pay .ulhoriz~l1 by tbit Act may. he remitted in such
manner' and by sucli authority as rna,. be from time to time pJ'escribed. to
In ~on 140 (l) tbe words II as may be from time to time presaibed " arc
.-bstihtted for the words II as may be from time to't,me din~cted hyany felu1ation
9f order gf ttwe Air Council ".
 Burma Vol."Jleer Air Foret (Diseiplirse). 97
Th~ followhl~ is sl~stituted for t}le first sentence in section 140 (2) :_
1 The President of tht: Union may also from time to time prescribed what
shall be deemed, fOl' the purposes of the provisions of this Act relating to deduct.
ions from pay, to constitute a day of absence or a day of impl'isonment or uet~n.
tion."
The following is 5ubstituted fOr section 140 (3) : -
" In cases of doubt a<; to the proper issue of payor the proper deduction
frem J:ay due to any officer or ah'lnan, the pay may be withheld until the
President's order respecting it has heen signified, which order shall be finaL"
III section 141 the words II such provisions asmay be prescribed" aresubslitu'
ted for the words" a Royal WarI'ant ", .
Section 142 is omitted.
In section 143 (ll the words II Bunna Volunteer Air Force" are substituted
for the words " re~ular air force '.', tile word Illegally" is inSl.-rted hetwten the
woros II otherwise" and If demandable ". The words" by virtue ot an)' Act of
Parliament already passed or hereafkr to be passed, or by virtue of any Ad. Oreti
nance,orde-r, or directiOn of any l~gislatllre o~ other authority in tuuia, Bunna or a
colony" are omitted.
Section 143 (Z) is omitted.
In s~ction 143 (3) the word~ " fifty rupees" are substituted for the words
.1 five pounds" and the words" five mpecs " are substituted for the words " ten
shillings 't
In section 144 (1) the words" Burma Volunteer Air Force" are substituted
for the words U tegnlar air force It.

In section 144 (1) (bJ the words" fonr hundred rupees" are substituted for
the words" thilty pounds".
The following is substituted for se<:tion 144 (Z):-
" For the pUI'poses of this section a crime shall mean an offence ptlni.!!hable
according to any law in force in the Union of Burma with fine or imprisonment
or both and shall not include the offence of a person absenting himself from his
tervice, or neJtlecting to fulfil his contract, or otherwise misconducting himself
respectini( his contract." .
Section 144 (3' is omittr.d.
In pro..iso 'I) to sectiOn 141 (5) the words" Burma Volunteer Air Force"
are substituted for the words <I regular air force ".
The second pt"oviso to section 144 (Sl is omitted.
In section 145 (I) the words Burma Volunteer Air Force" are substituted
II

for the word." regular air force".

In section 145 !2) the words II President of the Union" are .ub.tituted for
the warns II Air Council, or any officer deputed by them for the purpose" and
for the word!! .. Air Councilor officer" wherever these words occur. "he word_
"in his discretion" arc substituted for the words" in their or hi!! discretion ".
The words" think or " between the words .' from time to time" and the worda
.. thinks fit" are omitted. . . -
In the proviso to section 145 (J) the words 10 the Union of BUl'lna" are
substituted (or the words" the United Kingdom".
In the last paragraph of section 145 (31 the words II Pre-!dent o( the Uni~n"
are substituted for the words "Air Council or officer III accordance with
sub-section (2) o( this section ., and for the words" Air COlmcil .. whlm~ver these
Words Occur.

7
98
In secti9n 145 ~4) the words II Burma Vohlllleer Air Force ,. an: substituted
[or tbe words II regular air force ". .
Section 146 is omitted.
The following is substituted for section 152;-
"Any person who blsely represents himsel to any air.force. military,
naV,ll, or ch'il iuthorily to be a deserter from the Burma Volunteer Air Force
sh:l.lI on conviction be sentenced to imprisonment of either description for an)'
period not exceeding three months."
l!l section IS3 the words "in the United Kingdom or elsewhere" are
omilted, and the w(lrds II shall he liable on convil;tion to imprisonment for a term
not exceedin~ six months" arc $ubstiluted for the words II shall be liable, on
summary conviction, to be imprisoned with or without h.nd labour, for a term
not excecdinJi! siz months".
In section ISlA the \Yoros <t in the United Kingdom or elsewhere" are
omitted, and the \Yords "shall be Ihble on conyiction to impnsonJnent for a term
not exceedin~ six months or to a fine not ezceedinJ;! one thousand rupees or to
both such imprisonment and fine" are substituted for the \Yards " shall be liable.
('in summary conviction, to imprisonment fora term not exceeding six months or
to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, or to both such imvrisonment and
fine ..
In section 15t the words II police officer" are iubstituted for the word
" constable" wherever it occurs.
In section 154 II) the words I, the ne3rest Ma~istrate II are substituted for
the words ., l\ Coort of summary jurisdiction".
The following is substituted for section 154 (2):-
<I A MaJtistrate may, if satisfied by evidence that a deserter or absentee
without leave is or ii reasonably suspected to he within his jnrisdiction, issue a
warrant anthorizim! such deserter or absentee without le1.ve: to be: apprehended
and bl'OuJtht forthwith bebre: the ne3rest Magistrate."
TIlt followinJt i:i substitcted for section 154 (3) : -

I' Wh~ a person is brought before a Ma2istrate chaI'f!ed with being a

deserter or abse:ntee without Ie:ave under this Act, such Ma~istratc may dul with
the case in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure for
the trial of warrant cases."
In section 154 (4) the ward II Maszi,trate .. is substituted for the word" Court 'I
TIle following is substitute:d for section 154 (5) : -
.. \\llere a person confesse:d himself to be a deserter or absentee without
leave. and eYidence of the truth or falsehood of such confession is not then
forthcoming, the MaRistrate shall remand snch person for the purpose of
obtainil1C in(ormltion as to the truth or (alse:hood of the said confession, and for
that purpose the MaJ!istrate shall submit to the cOlnmandillJ! officer a return (in
this Act referred to as a descriptive return) containing such particulars and bein.
in such form as is specified in the Fourth Schedule: to this Act. or as may be irom
time to time directeet by the President of tbe Union."
In section 154 (61 the word "Magistrate" is substituted for the word
Ii Court".
The following is substiltlted for section JS4 (7):-
.. Where a Magistrate causes a persOn either to be deliyered into airforce
custod)" or to be. committed"3s a deserter or absentee witbout leave, the Maiistr.a.te
shall se:Dd to the commandini oBice:r a descripti.o, return in relation to such
deserter or absentece without leave:."
 Section 154 (8Ns omitted.
In" section 154 (9) the words l< in the United Kingdom" ate omitted, tbe word
If Magistrate" is substituled (or the words II Court of summary jurisdiction ", and
the words" commanding officer It are substitutcd for the words" Air Councilor
as they may direct to.
In s~ction 155 the words I' Burma Volunteer Air Force" are substituted for
tbe words I' regalar air force", the words" one thousand rupees It are substituted
fot the words .. one hundred pounds ''. and the worda to on indidnleRt or
Information" are omitted.
Section 156 is omitted,
In section I56A the word "summary II is omitted and the words II two
hundred rupees" are substi,tuted for the words 'I twenty pounds ".
The following is substituted for section 159 :-
II Any person subject to this Act who, witbin or without the Union of

Banna, commits any offence for which he is liable to be tried by Court-martial.

m~y be ~ried and punished for such offence at any place which is within the
jurisdiction of an officer authorized under section forty-ei5tht of this Act in its
application to the regular air force to convene general Courts martial, and in
which the offender may for the time beilli be, in the same manner as if the
offence had been committed where the trial by Courtmartial lakes place, and
the offender were under the cOmmand of the officer conveninl such
Court-martial."

In section 161 the words II has perfonned continuous air-force service" are
substituted for the words II has served continuously ttl the words II President of
the Union" arc substituted for the words ., Air Council". and the words' in any
corps or unit of the regular air force II are omitted.
In :lection 1620) the words" on conviction in the High Court bepunisbable
with imprisonment or with fine or with both" are substituted for the words It on
conviction in any of His Majesty's IlIperior Courts in the United Kingdom, or in
a HiKh COlll't ill India or Burma, be guilty of a misdemeanour", and the word.
lL pOlice officers" are substituted for the wOl'd 10 constables", .
In section 162 (41 the words" President of the Union" are sub!Jtituted for
tht words II Air Council" wherever the~' occur.
Section J62 (5) is omitted.
Section 163 is omitted.
In section 164 the \vonls ., and shan be allowed for such certificate a fee of
~hree shillings" are omitted and a full sto\l is substituted for the comma
Immediately preceding these words.
In section 165 the words .1 the President of the Union" 3re substituted for
the words u a Secretary of St.'\te ".
Section 166 is omitted.
Section 167 (1) and section 167 (3) are omitted.
Section 167 (6) and section 167 (1) are omitted,
nle foUowin~ is substituted for section 168:-
" All offences under this Act which may be pt'O!ecuted, and all6nes under
this Act which may be recove~dt and all proceedings under this Act which
lIlay be hken before a civil Court. may be prosecuted and recovered and
taken in such Courts and in such manner as may be from time to time provided by
~I, or if 110 c:tprep provision is made, then ill and before the Courts aqd in tbe
100 Burma l'oluftuer Ai, Foru (Disci#ine).

manner in which the like offences and lines may ~ prosecuted and recovered and
proceedinJ{s taken therein by Jawor as near thereto ;tS circumsl:mces admit."
Section 169 is omitted.
The fol1owjn~ is substituted for section 170 (3):-
I- ~ver)" such action, and also every action 3!:ainst a member or minister of
a Courl-martial in respect of a sentence of snch Court, or of anything done by
virtue or in pursuance of such sentence, shall be brollJtht in tile High Court and
in no other Court whatsoever."
In section 172 (J) the words" President of the Union" are substituted for
the words " Air Council '0 \Vhe~\"er they oceor.
In section 172 (51 the words "commandin~ officer are substituted for the
It

words II air-force ~mlhority".

In section 113 the word" Magistrate" is substituted (or the word. If justice
of the peace" and" justice ", The words" if known. and if not, then to the Air
Council" al'e omitted and a full stop is substituted for the comma immediately
pt'eceding these words,
Section 174 is omitted.
Section 114A is omitted.
The followillg is substiluted Cor seclion 17S :-
II All officers belonginJ': to the Bunna Volunteer Air Force are subject to
this Act to the s;\rne exlent as officers of Ihe regulJr air force when aU~ched to
or doinlt duty with an)' portion of the regular, reserve 01' au~iJiary air force
oubide the Union of Burma, SUbject, hO\\'evCI', to such exceptions as may be
prescribed by regulations made by the Air Council and the President of the
Union."
The following is substituted for section 176:_
II All non-commissioned officers and men belonging to the Burma
Volunteer Air Force are subiect 10 Ihis Act to the same extent:l' non-commissioned
office" and men of Ihe .egular air force, when attached to, or otherwise actinS! as
part of or with, all)' JXlrtion of the regular, reserve, or anxiliary air fOrce oullide
the Union of Burma, "uhjecl, however, to snch exceptions ~s rna)' be prescribed
bl: reltulations made b)' the Air Council and the PrfOsident of the Union_ "
The following is substitute\1 for section 177 :-
10 Any law of the Union" of Burma may extend to the officers,
noncommissiol\ed oRicel"1i and llIr.n lJe10nRing tn the Burma Volunteer Air Force
whether within or without the limih of Ihc Uuion of Burma j and where the
Burma Volunteer Air Force i' ~rvinl'!: with pari of the regular air force, then so
far as the law of the Union of Burma h;'ls not provided for the government and
discipline of the Burma Volunteer Air Force, this Act and any other Act for the
time btin~ amenc1ioJ! the same ,hall, ~ubject to such exceptions and modification.
as m~}' be specifiecl in the RenfOul orders of the officer, whether mililary or air
force, not below the I'ank of C0lon~l or Grocp Captain, commanding the Burma
forccs With which the BUl'ma Volunteer Air F01ce is st.,-ving, apply to the
officers, non..(;ommi'f$ioned officer" and mCn d such force in like manner as they
apply to the officers, non-commissioned officu'S and mcn of the reJ{Ular air
force:
ProYided that-
(i) this section shaIl not appl, to any officer, non-commi~ion~ officer or
mall ol or belonging Lo the Burma Volunteer Air Force who is for
the time bein~ subject to this Act b).' \'irtue of section one hundred
and seventy-five and seclion one hundred :met sevellt,-six of Ihis
Act;
 Bu,ma VoIN1JUe, At', Fode.(Discl#;ne). 101
(ii) powers of. ':O~~nd. when f?l:lXS are serving together, shall so rar
as flro~lSI~l't, In that behall /8 made by regulation<:; undel' section
184B ot tillS Act, be detc.rmined by those regulations."
Section 178 is omitted.
Section 179 i!l omitted.
Section 179A is omitted.
Section 179B is omitted.
Section 179C is omitted.
Section 1790 is omitted.
Section 180 i'i omitted.
Section 181 is omitted.
The following is substituh:d 01' section 182 ;_
II The provisions of this Act shall apply to a warrant officer in Iikt manner
u i he were a noncommissioned d!ker, sU~lject ne\'eI1heless (in addition to the
modifications for a non-commissioned officer) to the modification that he shall
not be punished by his commanding officer."
Ttie followin~ is substituted for section 183 :-
II (1) The obligation on the commandillJt onicer to deal summarily with an

airman char~ed with drunkennes~ shall not apply to a noncommissioned officer

charged with drul,kclIllelOs:
(Z) a lion-commissioned officer rna)', by the senlence of a Conrt-martial, be
ordered to he reduced to the ranks, or to allY lower grade, or to forfeit seniority
of milk eitber in addition to or without any other punishment, in respect of an
offence:
(j) a noncommissioned omcersentenced by Coert-martial to penal servitudel ,
imprilOnmenl or detention shall be deemed to be reduced to the ranks;
Pro\'ided that all nirm'lIl being an acting.non-commis:;ioned officer by
virtue of his empluyment dthel' in superior rank 01" in :m appointment may be
ordered by his cotl1mandin~ officer either for an olence or otherwise to revert to
his permanent grade as a nOIl-comm~ssioned officer, or, if he has no permanent
grade above the mnks. to the ranks."
Section 184 is omitted.
Section 184A is omitted.
Section 185 is omitted.
Section 186 is omitted.
Section 187 is omitted.
Section 187A is omitted.'
Section IS7C ill omitted.
Section 188 (Z) is omitted.
Section 18lJ (Z) is omitted.
Section 11'19 (3) is omitted.
Section Ib9 (4) is omitted.
Section 189 (5) i~ omitted.
Section 189 (6) is omitted !
In section I Q() (5) the word:> II and includes an air force scboolmasler when
no!: a warrant officer' are omitted. I
I(FM clause (7) of sedioll 190 the following shall be substituted :-'
II (7) The expression I superior officer' when use~l in relation to a persOD
subject to this Act. includes a warrant offi.:er and a 1I0n-eommis~ioned officer.
and as re/.1:ards persons placed under his orders. an officer, a warrant officer or
non-commissioned officer of any of the Burma naval. military or air forces."]

I See footnote at p. 93. .

I lnacrtcd by Act XXII. 1946.
102 Bllr",,, J101uIIlecr Air For" (Duci~ljlSe).

Section 190 (ZI)1s omitted.

Section 190 (2104) is omitted.
Section IIJQ (21BHs omitted.
Section 190 (26) is.omitted.
Section 190 (27) is omitted.
Section 190 (29) is omitted.
Section 190 (30) is omitted.
In section 190 (31) Jhe words II and includes a Court of summary jurisdic-
tion" are omitted, and a colon is substituted for the comma immediately prtceding
thele words.
Section 190 (3) is omitted.
Section 190 (34) is omitted.
Section 190 (JS) is omitted.
Section 190 (36) is omitted.
Section 190 un is omitted.
Sectioh 190 (38) is omitted.
Section 190 (39) is omitted.
Section 190 (4(}) is omitted.
Section 190 (40A) is omitled.
The Fir~t, Second and Sixth Schedules m'e olllillcd.
The [allowing is substitoted for the Fourth S.:hedulc ;-

~'OURTH SCH EDULE.

FOR" OF DESCRIPTIVE RETURN.

Desu#lit1e Ret",,, Df urho (0 al

on the day of and UIlJS commitun to
C01fji,ument at on the Jay of
41 a deserter ( D' abulltee without lea~) from the

ACter the word" who" to bll ins:rted either the \'turds .. was a(tprehcnded". or
"lIurrcnd.ered himself". as the case m;ly be

Ag,. ..,I
Height. ... ... ... ... Feet. Inches.
--
Complexion, ... ... ...
Hair. ... ... ... ...
---
Eye. ... ... ... ...

Marks. ... ... ... ...

.
 lOS

In uniform or plai" c1~h". ... ...

,,
Probable date and place\of attntation. ...
Probable date of dt1ertion or bqinning of
absence, and ~rorn what place.

Namc, occupation, and address of the person

by whom or throuah whose: means the
deserler (or absentee without Icud wa~
apprehen(\ed and secured. I

Particulars of the evidence on which the

prisoner i. committed. and showing
whether he SlUTendered 01' was ap~re-
hended, and in what ntanller 1and "pon
what.grounds. The fullest possible details
iobe liven.

I do hereby certify that the prisoner has been

duJy examined belne me as to the Circlun- - - Siit'latur'C} f 'tr
staflCt1 herein stated, and has declared in ___ Residence 0 co~ml Ifill
my presence that he' lhe above- ___ Post Town Mailltrate.
mentioned unil, and I recommend
for a reward of RI
Sianature of priaoner.
Sianature of informant.

Or where the pt"lsoner confessed, and evidence of the truth or falsehood of luch
cor.fession il not then forthcomina:- .
I hereby certilY that the abOVe named
prison confessed to the circwnslances
above stated. but that evidence of the truth
at falsehood of such confession is not
forthcominl, and that the case was
adjourned until the day of for
-tbe PlD'pose of obtaininl[ such evidence irom !------Signature.
a Secretary to Government.
I-----Residencc.
POit Town.

I It 11 Important f<lf the public ten'ice, and for the interal of the dnertu or .buntle
without leave, that this I'Ilrt of the return Ghould he accurately filled "fl. and the dttaU ~d be
In.erted by the Ma,i,lrate In hi. own handwriting, or. under hi. dlreclloa, by hil cleft,
I Insert ;1 Of II "ot, 4 rkurter ttr dbleNlu lOitI'Dfd I_VI /,.",. or klo"" or 4Hf '""
61"'", fo. u the cue may toe.
The MaJi~tratc will inKrt the name of the pelion \0 whom. the reward II _. ad tIM
AlrIount which. in bia opinion, IboWd be xranted in \bit partlC1ll., C8I&
104
THE WORKS OF DEFENCE Aer.

PART t.
PRELUUNARY.
SediOlj"
1.
2. Definitions.

PART II.
IMPOSITION OF RUTRIC'1'JONS.

3. Dedaration and notice thal restrictiC'llI will be iml'(\s~d.

4. Power to do IX'tliminary aell after fublication of notice under" .ection 3,
,ub.,ection (2).
S. Payment for damage.
6. Fur'b~r powers exercisable after p\lblicatioll of notice under eection "
sub-s:ctiou (t).
1. Restnctiona.
8. Land to be marked out, UlusUl"ed, rept......ed and planned.
9. Notice to person. interested.
10. Power La require and enforce the making of ,tatemetltl as t. names and
int:n.tJ.
11. Application of certain sections of the P~naf Code.
12. Inquiry and award by CoUector.
13. Award of Collector when to be fir-at
14. Adjournment of inquiry.
15. Power to summon and enforce attendance of wilnesses and production 0(
dCK.'ument..
16. Mattel""l tu be considered and nealeeted.
17. Supr.1cmeutal'7 procceclinp.

PART III.
REFERENCE TO CoURY AND PIleCID.UNS "DEMEO
I&. Reference to Court.
\9. Colbetor's statement to the Court.
20. Service of notice.
21. Rnlridion on s("ope ol proceedings,
22. Proceedinls to be in open Court.
23. Mattera to be cOllsidered in detenuining compensation.
2!. Matters not to be'considered in detenninina compensation.
2;,. Rules as to amount of compeuution.
26. Fonn of award.
 lOS

Sutio'".
27. Costs.
28. Collector may be direded to pay interest on exceat comJ:eUl&tioD.

PART IV.
APPORTIONMENT OP CoMPINSATION.

29. Particulan of appot"tionment to be specified..

30. Dispute as to apportionment.

PART V.

31. Payment of compensation or deeosit of same ill Court:.

32. Investment of money deposited in respect d land. be10ngina to penons
incompetent to alienate.
33. Investment of money deposited i.n other cues.
34. Payment 01 interest.

PART VI.

MISCELLANEOIlS.

35. Service of notices.

36. Penalties.
37. Magistrate to enforce the terms or tbe Act.
38. Completion of impo:.ition of restrictions not coml'Ulsory, but compensation
to be awarded when not completed.
39. Demolition of part of house or building and impoSitions of restrictions on
part of land.
40. EzempHon from stamp-duty and {eel.
41. Notice in case of suils ior anything dOlle in pursuance of Act.
42. Code of Civil Procedure to apply to proceedinltl before Court.
43. Appeals in proceedings before Court.
44. Power to m:lke rules.

'l'BE WORKS or IIEIZNa ll.Cr.

(INDIA ACT VII, 1903.] (20th Warch , 1903.)

WHEREAS it 'is expedient to provide for i~posing restrictions UpOn the 1l5e
and enjoyment of land in the \'icinity of works of defence in order that such land
may be kept free from buildings alUi other obstructions, and for detenninlnlt the
amount of compensation to be made on account of weh imposition; it is hereby
enacted all follows :_
PART I.

I.
 106 Wor.b If Delttltl.
IXlillltiocn. 2. In this Act, unless there is sometbin,l.! repuJ{nant in the subjecl or conted,-
(al the expression" J:J.nd" includes benefits to arise out of laud, and things
attached to the earth or permanently fastened to anything attached
to the earth:
(bJ the expression "person interested " includes all person~ claiming an
interest in compensation to he made on account of the imposition of
restrictions upon the use and enjoyment of land under this Act;
:and a person shall be tieemed to be interested in land if he is
interested in an easement affecting the land:
1<)
(d)
(,J the txpteSSion '. Commanding Officer" means the officer for the time
being in command of :I. work of e1dence:
If) the expression .. Collector" includes any officer specially appointed by
the President of the Union to perform the functions of a Collector
under this Act:
(g) the apression "Court" means a principal civil Court of original
jurisdiction, unless lhe President of the Union has appointed (as he
is hereby empowered to do) a special judici:ll officer within aDy
specified loca.l limits to perform the functions of the Court nnder
this Act:
(1) I' mainlain ", with its gmmmaliC21 variations and cognate expressions,
does not, when used in relation to a house or otber constructiOJl,
include the doine: of any act necessary for keeping such hoose or
construction, until the making of the award referred to in section 11
or until the exercise, prior to the making of tbe aW:lrd. of the powers
o[ demolition conferred, in c.:asc of l'rDerj.;ency, by section 6. sub-
lections (1) and (3), in the state in \I, hich it vas at the time of tbe
publication of the notice rerened to in section 3, slIb-sectioll (Z):
f)' the fOllowinp; persons shall be dee:med "entitled to act ,. as and to the
extent hereinafter provided, tbat is to say,-
trustees for other persons benefici:llly interested shall be deemed the
persons enHtled to :let with reference to any case, and thai to
the same extent as the persons benef!ci:tlly interested could have
acted if free from diubility :
a married woman, in cases to which the English law is .:applicable,
shall be deemed the person so entitled to act, and whether of
full age or not, 10 the same extent as if she were unmarried a~
of full age : and
the guardians of minors and the committees or managers of lunatics
or idiots sb.-lll \)e deemed respectively the personl so entitled to
:act, to the same extent as the minors, lunatics or idiots them
selves, if free from disability, could have acted:
Provided tbat-
(i) no person shall be deemed U entitled to act " wlKlle interest in the
SUbject-matter is shown to the satisfaction o! the Collector or eou:rt
to be advl':rst to the iutercst of the person interested for whom he
would otherwise be entilled to act;
Hi) in every case the pel'Son interested may appear by a next friend or, in
default of his appe:lr<l.nce by a next friend, the Collector or Court,
as the c:tle may be, shall appoint a guardi:lll for the case to 3Ct on
his behalf in the conduct thereof;
 WOI'.h of D'f~'. 107
(iii) the provisions of Order XXXII of the Code 0( Civil Procedure shall,
lIIal4tis 1If~I4"dis, apply in the case of pel"&Ons interested appearing
befOte a Collector or Court by a next friend, or by a guardian for
the case, in proceedings under this Act; and
(iv) nO person" entitled to act It shall be competent to reoeiye the com
pensation money payable to the rmon for whom he is entitled to
act, unieSi he would hafe been competent to alienate the land
upon the use and enjoyment of wbich restrictions are 10 be
imposed and receive and give a good discbaree (or the purchase.
money on a voluntary sale.

PART II.

IMPOSITiON. OF Rls'rRICTIONS.

3. (1) Whenever it appears to the President of the Union that it is necetaary DecbraUon
to impose restrictions upon tht use and enjoyment of land in the vicinity of any andnotic.
work. of defence or of any site intended ~o be used or to be acquired for any :~a~re ...
such work, in order thlt sllch land may be kept free from buildinp and other WI~I::'
obstrnCtiOllS) a declaration ~ball be made to that elIect. impoeed.
(Z) The saJd declaration shall be published in the Guette and shall state
Ihe di$trict or olher territorial division in which the land i$ situlte and the place
where a sketch phn of the land, which shall be prepared on :l scale not smaHer
th:ln s~ inches to the mile and Shll1 distinguish the boundaries rrferred to in
section 7, may be inspected; and the CoUector sball cause public ootice of the
substance of the I3ld decl;rration to be given at coDvenient places in tile localily.
UI The said declaration shall be oouclusive proof that it is necessary to keep
the land free from buildings :lnd other obstruclions.

... 11 shall be lawful for sucb officer as the President of the Union may) lJy Power" do
j:leneral or special order, authorize in this hehalf, and for his servanli and prclindnarJ
workmen, at any lime after publication of tht: notice mentioned in section 3, sub Ictl aUer
(lublicltWA
section (2" to enter upon and survey :ll1d take levels of any land in such locality, of notice
todi~orbore into the sob-soil, to do aU other acts necessary to ascertain whether under ICC-
any and, if so, what restrictions should be imposed on the use and enjoyment of tion 3, 1Gb-.
tbeland)loset out Ihe boundaries of the land upon the use and enjoyment of which Ketion (21.
restrictions are to be imposed, or of any part of such land, to lDark such levds,
boundanes and line' by placinp; marks and cuttmg trenches, and, where otherwise
t~e snrvey cannot be completed and the levels tak..:n and the boundaries and
l.tnemarked,lo ent down and cl:ar ay any part of any .tandina crop) fen~ or
Jungle: .
Provided that no person shall enter into any building or upon any enclosed
court or garden attached to a dwellinghouse (unless with the consent of the
OCCupier thereof! without previously ~iving .uch occupier at least seven day.'
notice in writing of his intention to do so.

5. The officer so authorized shall at the time of such entry payor tender
payment for all necessary dlma,;,ce to be done as aforesaid, and, in case of dispute
~~ 10 tbe sufficiency of the amonnt so plid or tendered, he sh:lll at once -refer the
Ispute to th~ de.:ision of the Collector, and 1I1Ch decision lball be final.
 lOB Wo,ls of De!eau.
Further 6. (1).. Whenever a rleclaration has been made and public notice thereof has
pow,n been given under section 3., it shall, sllbjed 10 the provisions of sllb-sections (Z)
nercil1l.ble
after publi- lo (4), be lawful for such officer as the: President of the Union may, by i!:eneral or
{.alion 01 special order, authorize in this l>ehalf, and for his servanls ancl workmen,to enter
notice under and demolish allY lJuiJdinRs or other consu-uctions on the surface, to cut down or
KCtion 3, grub up all or any of tbe trees, to remove or alter all or any of the banks, fences,
sob-sec-
lion (11. hedges and tlitC;ltS, to make undcrKround alld other drains, to lill up 0111
excavations, and demolish ",-II builclin~s and other CClnstructioll$ belo\\" the surface,
and gener:llly to level and clear lhe said land and do all soch acts for levelling
and c1earinlo( the same as he may deellllleccs~lr)' or proper, but in such manner
neve..theless that evidence of boundaries of thc lands held by different owners
may lJe pr.:servecl.
(2' The power:> conferred by sub-se<:tion (I) shall not be exercised,-
(/ll save as otherwise provided by subsection (3), before lhe making o( the
award. hereinafter referred to in section 12, lIor
(bl save as olherwise provided by subsection (4), after the expiralioll of $iJ:
months irom the making of the said award, or any shorter period on
the expiratioll of which the orncer exercisin;,t such puwers 2iVdJ
nolice to the Collector that there will be IIJ further exercise of them,
/3) In case of emergency, the President of the Union may, by notification in the
Gazette, declare that all or any powers conferred by sub-section II) may be exercised
at an)' time within six months after the publication of the notice referred to in
section 3, sub-section W, and such powers may be cxercised accordinl:ly, and
the said notificalion shall be conclu$ive proof of emergency.
(4) Nothini in sub-section It} shall bc deemed to preclude any snch oflicer or
his servants or workmen from exercising at any time the S:lid powers for the
purpose of removinit wholly or in part, any buildinl: or other obstruclion main-
tained, created, added to, altered, planted, stacked, stored or otherwise
aCl:umulated in contravention of this Act or of any rule or order made thereunder
or of any condition prescribed in accordance therewith.

RC'trktioa5. 7. From and after the publiC3tion of the nolice mentioned in secHon 3, sub-
lection (2), such of the followin~ restrictions as the President of UIC Union may
in his discretion declare therein shall attach with reference to such land,
namely:-
(4) Within an ouler boundary which, except so far as is otherwise
provided in seclion 39, subsection (41, may edend to a distance of two thousand
yards from the crest of the outer parapet of the work,-
Ii) no "ari:ltion sh~J1 be nude in the ground-level, and no building, wall,
bank or other con$truction abo\'e the ground shall be maintained,
erected, added to or altered otherwise than with the written approval
of the GenerAl Officer Commanding the Forces in the Union of
Bunnl and on such conditions as he may prescribe;. .
(m no wood, earth, stone. brick, gravel, sand or other material 'shall be
stacked, stored or otherwise accumulated:
Provided thll, with the written OIoPprovai of tfte General Officer
Commanding the Forces in the Union of Burma and on such
conditions as he may prescribe, roadballast, manure and
agricultural produce ma)' be exempted from the prohibition:
Provided, also, lhat any persall haVing conlrolo[ the Jan{l as owner,lessee
or occupier sh:tll be bound forthwith to remove such road_ballast,
rn.lnore or agricuitunl produt:e. withOllt compensation, on the
requisition of the Commanding Officer;
 WOT,b of Defllla. 109
fiji) no surveying operation shall be conducted otherwise than by or under
the personal supenision Of;L public servant (~uJy authorized in this
behalf, in the ca~ of land under the control 0( military aUlhoritr,
by the Commanding Officcr and, in other cases, by the Colledor
with the COUCWTence of the Commandilll Officer and
(iT) where any building. wall, Iauk or other const;uction abO're the
ground has beeo permitted onder c1a~ (i) of this sulMection to
be maintained, erected, added to or altered, repJirs shall not
without the wrilten approval of the General Oflictr Commanding
the Forces in the Union of Burma be made with materials different
in kind irom those employed ill lhe oniUnal buih1ing, wall. bank
or other construction.
(bl Within a second boundary which may extend to a dislance of one
thousand yards from the aest of the outer parapet of the work. the restriction
enumerated in clause (a) shall apply with the followine lldditional timilalir-ns,
namely:-
(0 no building, wJ.II, bank or other construction of permanent material,
above the wound shall be mainlained or erecled :
Provided that. with the written approv:l.1 of the General Officer Command-
ing the Forces in the Union of Burma and on such conditions as he
may prescrilx:, butl, fences and other constructions of wood 01'
other materials easily destroyed or removed rn.'ly be maintained,
erected, added to or altered;
Provided, also, tbat any person havin~ control of tbe land as owner,
lessee or occupier shall be bound forthwith to deslroy or remOTe
such buts, fences, or olher constructions, without compensation,
upon an order in writing signed by the General Officer ComIllU1d-
ing the Forces in the Union of Bunna j and
(ij} live hedltes, rows or clumps of trees or orchuds sball not be
maintained, planted, added 10 or altered otberwise tban with the,
written approval of the General Officer Comm2nding the Forets
in the Union of Burma and on such conditions as he may prescribe.
(c) Within a third boundary which may extend to a diltance of five
hundred yards from the crest of the outer parapet of the work, the restrictioll'
enumerated in clauses (n) 2nd (b) shall apply with the following additional
limit2tion, namely :_
no building or other construction on tbt: surface, and no excavation,
buildin~ or other construction below the surface, shall be
maintained or erected: ,
Provided that, with the written approval of the Commandini: Officer
and on such COnditions as he may prescribe, open railingl and dry
brtlSh-wood fences may be exempted from thil prohibition.
S. As SOOn J,!\ IDa) be aiter the publication of the declaration aforeSAid, the Lmd to be
Collector shall C1Use the land to be marked 0111 and measured. and shaJl also marked oa to
mnlUrecS,
prepare a rep;isler and a detailed plan, which shall be on a scale not sm,ller l'fIltlued
Unn six inches to the mile, showing nccuroltely every buiJdinll' tree and other lad pbaDtd.
obstruction. .
9. (l) At any time before the expiration 0"- 'Notiuto
(4) the period 0{ ei"hteen months from the publication of the decbration
referred to in section 3, or
:=as.
(b) such other period not exceedinp; tht years from the said publicaHon
as the President of the Uninn may, by nolific,.,liori in Ihe Gazette,
direct in this behalf.
 110 Works of Defeflce.

the Collector shall cause public notice to be j.!iven at convenient places on or

near the land. statill/.! the effect of the saiel declaration and that claims to
compensation for all interests in slIch land affecled by anything done 01' ordered
in pUI'SUallCfli of such declaration mOlY be made to him:
Pro\"ided that, where anything has been dOlle in exercise of the powen
conferred. in case of tmergency, by section 6, subsection (3), the nolke
prescribed by this section shall be 16ven as soon as mal' be thereafter.
(tl Such notice shall state the particulars of any damage ordertd to be
done or, in the case referred to in section 6, sub-section (3). done in exercise
of anyof the powers conferrtd by the ~aid section, and the puticulars of any
restrictions attachine to the land unuer section 'I, and shall require all perSOns
interested in the land to appear personally or by aeent before the Collceler at a
lime aDd place therein mentioned (such time Dot heini earlier than fiftetn days
.dlet the date of publication of the notice). and to state the nature of t!leir
respective interests in the land and tbe amount and particulars of their claims 10
compensation for damaRe to snch interests and their objections (if any) to the
measurements made under section 8. The Collector may in :\llY case require
such statement to be made in writing and siJ!ncd by tIle party or his acent
(3) The Collector shall also serve notice to the same effect on the occupier
(if any) of such land and on all such persons known or believed to be interested
therein, or to be entitled tO;let for pel"sons 50 interested, as reside or haveaRenb
authorited to receive service on their behalf, within the revenue-district in which
the land is silu.ate.
(4) In ease :l.llY person so interested resides elsewhere, and has no
such altent, the notice shall be sent to bim by post in a letter addrwed to him
at bis last known residen~, address or place of business.
Powttto
require and
1'.
The Collector may also require any such person to make or deliver to
him, at a time and place mentinned (such time not being earlier th:l.n fiHeen
enforce thedays dter the date of the requisition), a statement contaiuing, so rar as may be
maklllg of
ltalemtnh practicable, the name of every other person PDsaessing any interest in the laod
u to niIDU or any p.vt thereof as co-proprietor, sub-proprietor, morlg..gee. ten~nt or other-
and In- wise, and of the nature of such interest, and of the rents and profits lif any)
lertltl. received or receivable on account thereof for three years nexl precedinl the
date of the statement.
Application II. Every person required to make or deliver Ast:\tement tmder section 9 or
of cerbln section 10 shAll be deemed to be le.tlally bOllnr! to do so within the meaning of
1:lIon, of sections 175 And 17" of the Penal Code.
the Penal
Code,
Inquiry and 12. On the day .6.xed under stion 9, or on any other day to which the
a....ard by inquiry has bet:n adjourned. the Collector shall proceed to inqnire into objections
Collector. (if any) which an)' person interested has sbted pursuant '0 a notice &iven undu
the said section to the measurements made: undt'r section 8. and into the
decrease in the value of the land, and into the respective interests of the persons
cbiminl the compenSOltion...nd sh:l.U make an award under his hand of-
(4) the true area of the land and the nature of the obstructions from wbicb
the land is to be kept ree :
(6) the compensation which in his opinicn should be allowed for <lny
damaRe c.'\used or to be caused under section 6 and for any restric-
tions imposed under section 7 ; and
(e) the apportionment of the said compensation among all the persons
known or believed to be interested in the land, of whom or of
whose claims he has inform1tion. whether they have respectively
appeared before him or nol.
 Worb of De/mel, 111
.13. (I) Suc~: award shall be filed in th~ Coll~ctor's office and shall, except af Award of
herelOaHer pro~.lded, be final and conclusive eVidence, as between tht. Collector Collector
and the persons Interested, whether they have respectively llppearcd before the whcu to be
Col1ecto~ or not, of t~e true area of the land, the nature o( the sai(1 oMlrudion$ fiual.
fr0n;' winch the land 1S to be~ept (ree, the dama}!;e caused Ol' to be caused under
sectLon 6. the value of .the fIghts restricted under section 7, and the apportion-
ment o( the compensalLon among the persons interested.
(2) The Collector shall give immediate notice of hi; award to such of the
persons interested as are not present personally or by their representatives when
the award is made,
1-4. The Collector may, (or any cause he thinks fit l frOm time to time adjourn Ad/emn
the inquilJ: to a day to be fixed by him. lDent of
inqUiry,
15. }o'er the purpose of inquiries under this Act the Collector shall have Powcrlo
power tosurnmon and enforce the attendance of witnesses, including the parties Iummon atId
interestel1 or any of them, and to co~pel the production o( docUmcllh, by the enforce
att~nd.allce
same means, and Iso far as may bel tn the same manner, as is provided i"n the 01 witncsltl.
case of a civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure. and produc-
tion III docu_
menll,
16. In detel'mining the amount of compensation, the Collectorshall be auided Mattenlobe
by the provisions contnined in sections 23 and 24. comidercd
Itld nee
Ied.ed.

17. Whenever the officer exerCIStng the powers conferred by section 6 Supple,
considers it necessary tbat anythinll in respect of which nny person is or rna)' be mentary
entitled -to compensation, but 01 which no notice has been ~iven or compensation procmliaJl,
awarded, onder sections 9 and 12, respectively, should be done in pursuance of
the said powers, the Collector shnll cause sUllplementary notice to be given, as
nearly as may be, in the manner prescribed by secticn 9 and subject to the limit
of time imposed by snb,section (1l of tbat section, and the provisions of section.
10 to 16 dUll, so far as they are applicable, be deemed to apply to any further
inquiry and award which may be held or made in consequence of. 90ch
supplementary Hotice.

PART 111.
'REFERENCE TO 'COURT AND PROCEDURE THP-RItON,

18, (II Any person interested who has not accepted the award may, by Reference
written applicltion to the Collector, require tll;(t the matter be referred by the to Court.
Collector for the de.ermination of the Courtl whether his objection be to the
lIleasurement of the land, the Jomoanl of the compensation, the persons to whom
it is payal>le, or the apportionment of the compensation among the persons
interested:
Provided that every such applicJtion shall be made,-
(,.) if the person makinll it was present or represented before the Collector
at the time when he made his award, within six wceks from the
date of the Collector's award:
(6) in otherCJses, within six weeks 01 the receipt of the .no.tiee. from th~
Collector under section 13, sub-section (ZJ, or Within III lDontbS
 11Z fVorksof De/enGl.

from the date of the Colledor's award, whichever period shall first
expire.
(2) 'fhe application shall slate the grounds on which obj~ctioll to [he
award is taken,
Collector',
sl:ltmlent 10
19. (ll In making the rererellc~ the Collector shari state for the information
the Court. of the Court, in wrilin'l; uuder his hand,_
(a) the situation and extent of the land with particular~ of any damage
c.lused ulld~r section 6 or of restricticlls imposed under section 7;
(b) the names of the penons whom he ba~ r..:ason to think
interested in such land i
(e) the amount of compensation awarded under section lZ i and
(d) if the objection be to the amount of the compensation, the grounds On
which the amount of compensation was determint:d.
(1) To the said ~talement shall be attached a schedule givinJ,! the particulars
oftbe notices served upon, and ofthe Ilatements in writing made or delivered by,
the parties interested respectively.
Senioe o(
notice.
21. The Court shall thereupon cause a notice specifying the day on which the
Crmrt will proceed to determine the objection, and directing theil' appearance
before the Court on that day to be served on the following persons, namely :_
(a) the applicant;
(b) all persons interested in the objection, except such (if any) of them as
have consented without p1'Ote::;t to receive pa~'lllent of the com
pensation awarded i and
(d if the objection is in re~anl to the area o[ the land, tlte nature of
the obstructions or the amount of the compensation, the Collector.
Restridlon 21. The scope of the inqoirr in every such proceeding shall be restricted to
on SGOre of a consideration o[ the interests of the pel'Sons affected by the objection.
p~edillgs.
Proceedings 22. Every such proceeding shall take place ill open Court and all persons
10 be in entitled to practise in any civil Court in the Union of Burma shall be entitled
open COllrt.
to appear, plead and act, as the case may be, in such proceedin~.
},fallers 10 23. (J) In determining the amount of compensation to be awarded for
be con damall:e caused, or to be caused, or for restrictions imposed under this Act, the
sldered in Courllhall take into consideration-
determhulli
cornpeDu- (a) the aclual decrease in market-vJ.lue of the land owing to the publication
lion. of the declaration relating thereto under section 3 and any damage
caused or to be caused under section 6 i
(6) the damage sustained by the person interested by reason of lhe
removal of any standing crops in the e:tercise of any power conferred
by section 6 ;
(c) the damage fif any) sllst.1ined by the person interested by reason. of
ceasing to be able to use such I:md conjointly with his other bud;
(d) the damage (if any) sustained by the per.>On interested by anything
done 01" ordered under sectiOns 6 and 7 injuriollsly affectin~ his other
property, moveable or immoveable, in any other manner, or his
earnings; and
(e) if, in consequence of the imposition of restrictions, the person interested
is compelled to chan,:::e hi~ residence or place of business, the
reasonable expenses (if any) incidental to such chani!e,
(2) In addition to the ~mount representing the actual decrease in the mlrket
value of the land as above provided, the Conrt Sholl) in every case award a fLlrther
lum of &(teen per centum on such amoun!.
 Wwh of Dtfe,,", 113
2 . In detennining the amount of compensation 10 be awarded fOf' damace
ca.used. or 10 .be cause~, or ~or restrictions imposed under this Act, the Court =~be
shall not take IDtO CODslderahon- (''ani t ltd
(al Ihe degre~ C?l nrgency which has led to the damaa;e or the imposition ::m~r~.
or re:.lrlctlons ; pmu1kll1.
(b) any t1i~in.clin:ltion of the perSOll interested to submit to t1amaJ:!c or
restncllons ; .
(c) any damage sushined by him which, if caused by a private penon
,,'Ould 1101 render such person liable to a suit
(,I) any increase to tbe value of the other land of the person interrsted
accruin~ or likely to acCrue from anythine done under this Act or
(el any outlay or improvements on, or disposal ol, the land comme'nced,
Ill."lde or effected without the sanction or the Collector alter the: dilte
of the publication of the declaration under section 3.
25. (J) When the applicant has made a claim to cOlOpenSOl.tion, porsuant to Ruin as 10
any notice given tinder section 9, the amount awarded 10 him by the Court shall .mount 01
nol txceed the amount SO claimed or be len tban the amount awarded by the comre-'
Collector under section 12. UOII.
(Z) When the applicant h,,~ refu!ed to make such claim or hu omitted'
withont sufficient reallOR (to be allowed by the Judge) to make such claim, the
amount awarded by the Court shall in no Ciase exceed tbe amcant awarded
by the Collector.
(3) When the applicant has omilled for a sufficient reason (to be allowed by
the Judge) to Dto"lke sllch claim, the "mount awarded to him by the Coort shall not
be less than, and may exceed, the amonnt awarded b)" lhe Collector.
26. Every award under this Part shall be in writinJ:! silotned by the Judge and Form of
shall specify the amount awarded under sedion 23, sub-section II), clause (a), and awn.
also the amounts (if ltDy) respectively aw:trded under e:tch of the Olher clauses of
the same subsection, together with the ~rounds of awardin~ each of the said
amounts.
27. (I) Every such awud shalt also s~te the amount of costs incurred in c::.a.
the proceedinJtS under this Part, and by \\"h,"lt persons ilnd in what proportion they
are to be paid.
tZl When the award of the Collector is not upheld, the c~t. shall ordinarily
be p\id by the Collector, unless the Court is of opinion that the claim of the
applicant was so extravagant or that he was so ncMligent ill putting hi. ClSe before
the Collector that some deduction from his costs 5bould be made or tbat he should
pay a part of the Colleclor's costs.
21. If tbe sum which, in the opinion of the Court, the Collector oa.ht to Col**-
have aw"rded a3 compensation is in excess of the sum which tbe Colle~tor did ~d to
all'aTd as compensation, the Court may dir.t that the Collector sball pay Interest pay i_.erlll
on IUCh excess at the rate of six per centum per :annum from tb, date of Oft e.e_
his award to the date of payment of such excess into Conrt.

PART IV.
ApPORTIONMENT OF CounlfSATlO"'.
29. Where there are several periOns mterested. if such penon. agrttl In the f'arUeaiIn
apportionment of the compensation, the particul'lrs 0( such apportionJM1lt r;h:lIl ~'.o :0.
be soecified in the award, and as between sucb persons tbe. awvd tha11 be ~
toDclush'e evidel'lcc of tbe corrcctneu of the .PPOdiO[lmenl.

8
 114 Works of DefMee.
Displlte ill 3~. Whe~ the amount of c0'.'lpensation has been settled under section 12, if
to "PP- any dispute ames as to the apporhonment of tbe s.1me or ally part tbereof or as 10
t10nmclIL
the ('tersonll to whom the same or O1ny p lrt thereof is payable the Collector may
refer such dispute to the decision of the Court.

PARTV.
PAYlIIUT.

Payment or 31. (J) On making :m alVard under section 12, the Collector shall tender
c.omreuU - Po1ymellt of the compens.1tioll awarded by him to the persons interested entitled
'ion or thereto according to the award, and shall pay it to them unless preven&ed
dcpMit uf
~tlll b~' som~ one or more of tbt: contin/.l:encit:s mentioned in sub-seclion 12l.
CourL (2) If they do not con~nt to receive it. or if t1u~re is no person competent to
alienate the land, or if there is any dispute as to the title to receive the campen.
S3Iion or as to the apportionment of it,lhe Collector ,hlll deposit the amount of
thecomp..:nsation in the Court to which a reference under section 18 would be
submitted:
Provided, first, that .Iny person :Idmitled to be interested may receive sucb
paynlent under protcst as 10 the sufficiency of the amount:
Provided, secondly, thai 110 person who has rccei~'ea the amount otheNise
than uuder protest shall be tntitled 10 make any application undel' section 18:
Provid~J, thinny, that nothin~ herein contained shall affect the liability of
any perSOll, who nul' receivt the whole or any part of any compensation awarded
under this Act, to pa)' tbe same to the person lawfully entitled thereto.
(J) Notwithslandinj:! an)thin~ in this scclion, the Collector may, with tbe
sanction of the President of the Union, instead of awarding:l money compen-
satiml in rupec:t of any hmJ, nuke any arranj:lement wit" a person haring
a limiteJ intereSt in such land. either by the j:!r;tnt of other lauds in exchange, or
by the remission of land-revenue on the S01me or on other lands held under the
same title, or in such otber way as may be equitable having regard to the
interests of th~ parties concerned.
(4) Nothin~ in sl1b-~ectioll {31 shall be construed to interfere with or limit
the power of the Colleclor to ellter into any arrangement wilh any person
intere5ttd in the land ancl competent to contract in respect tllereof.

III'ulmcDt 32 (II 1 any money is depo~iled in Court onder secHon 31, sub-section IZI,
of 1ll000ty and it arpe.1rs th:lt tho: land in re,pecl of which the s,lme was awarded belon~ed
depodled ill
rnrec10f to anr prrson who had no power to alicn:\le the same, the Court shall order the
l<Uldt be- money to he invcsttd-
h..lllinill(l (0) in the purchase of other lands 10 be held under the like title ;'Iud modi
per~n .. in-
(OQIl'dtnt tions of owner.<ihip as the bnd in respect'of which such nloney ,ns
to alienate.. deposited is held, or.
(bl if such purchue canDot be effected forthwith, then in such Govern-
mCnt or olllcr approved securities as it thinks fit ;
and shall direct the pa~'mcDt of the interest or other proceeds .1risin/.l: from suGb
investment \0 the penon rtr persons who would for the time beiIu: ha.ve heen entitled
to the possession of the S3.id land, and such mone)'s shall remain so dcposiled and
innslM lIntillhe~am(' are 1f1pli.-d-
Ii) in the purchue of such other Iuds as aforesaid; or
(ij) ill payment to any person or perIODS beoomina absolutely CDtiUed
thereto.
 Worh 01De!dII:'. 115
(Z) I n all casCI of moneys deposited to which this section applies, tbe Court
shall order the costs of the following matters, includin~ therein all rcuo-.bLe
. ch~e. and expenses incident thereto, to be paid by the Collector, aamely:-
a) lhe costs of sllch investments as aforesaid;
(b> the costs of the orders for the payment of the interest or other proceeds
of the securities in which such moneys are for the time beia,5( imesled.
and for the payment out of Court of the principal of such moneYl.md
the costs 01 all pro<:ee<lin:s telatiDJ: thereto, except such U Ina, be
occasioned by litieation between adverse claimants.

33. If any mouey is deposited in Court under this Act for any cause other 1.lt'Itd!eht
than that mentioned in section 32, the Court may, on the application of any polrly cI '**Y .
interested ur c1:J.imin" an interest in such money. order the same to be invested in ~It(d"
such Government or other approved securities as it thmb lit, and may direct the aa.
interest or other proeeed$ of any such investmt:ot to be accumulated and paid in
IUch manner as will, in its opinion, gift the parties interested therein the NDle
benellt therdrom as they miaht bave had (rom Ihe land in re$l)ec:t of \l'hich 60cb
money ""'&5 deposited or u near thereto as rna)' be.

J4. When the amount of any compensation awarded under this Act is not patti Ps)__ t.-
or deposited within fifteen days of makina the award, the Collecte-r $hall pay tbe iDttrnt.
amount awarded with interest thereon at the nte oi six per cenlum per unum
from the date of the award until it is so paid or deposited.

PART VI.
MllCELLANEOl'l.

35. ll) Service of any notice under this Act shall be made b, delivuia, or aemcc 01
tenderinga copy thereof signed, In the case of a notice under section 3, subsection aotktI.
{Z), by the officer therein mentioned, and, in the calle of ally other notice, hyorby
order of the Collector or the Judge.
(Z) Whenever it may be practicable, the service of the nolice shall be
made on the person therein named.
(J) When such person cannot be found, tile sen'jce may be made on any
adult male member o( his famity r\:sidillU with him; and, if no such actult mal~
memher can he found, the notice may be served by fidn" the copy on the ouler
door of the house in which the person therdn named ordinarily dwell. or carrie. on
b.ineh, or by 6xinj.! a copy thereof in iOnie conspicuous place in the ollke oflhe
officer aforesaid or of the Collector or in the COllrthr,nse and also in soniC \:on-
spicuous part of the land upon which reshictions are to loe imposed:
Provided that, if the Collector or Judj.lc so directs, a notice may be sent by
post in a letter ad:iressed to the persoll named therein at hi./ast known ruidencet

-
address or place of business and service of it may be pfO'ted by the pro<luctioa of
the addr~see's receipt.

36. Whoever wiUuUy-

<4' obstructs any perlOn In doing any of the acts autboriled by section 4,
section 6 or section 8. or
(6) destroys, damag~,;, alters or otherwise interferes with the ground.tete'
or any work dOne under seclion 6. or ..
(e) eontraveneaany of tbe provi5iOD~of seWou 7 or uyeoodiuaapl"tlCribod
thereunder.
 116 Works of Dtfenu.
sh:l.ll be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one month
Qr with fine which may extend to fiftr rupees, or with both l and, in the case of a
continuing offencel with an adclitional fine which may cxtend to five rupees for
every day after the first in l'eg:ard to which he is convicted of havinl/: percislcd in
the offence; :'Ind any expenses incurred in removin~ the effects of his offence may
be recovered from him in the m:mner provided by the law for thetimc being in
force (or the recovery of fines.
37. If the Collector or officer authorized under section 6 is opposed or impeded
lIallbtratc in doing anythin~ directed or permitted by tbis Act, he shall, if a Magistrate,
10 enlOl'cc
the ICTmsoi enforce compliance, and, if nol a ~b~istra!el he sb:ul apply to a M~istnte or
thc Act. (within Rangoon) to tbe Commissioner of Police, and such Magistrate or Commis-
sioner (as the case rna)' bel shall enforce compliance.
38, (I) The President of the Union sball be at liberty to withdraw from the
Completioo. imposition of any declared restrictions before any of the measnres authorized by
of lmposilioo
of rtllTic section 6 have been laken.
tloas not (2) Whenever the Presidenf of the Union withdraws the imposition of any
COGlplllsory, declared restrictions, the Collector shall determine the amount of compensation
but com due for the damalte suffered by the owner in consequence of the notice or 01 any
pcns~lion

,,'"
awaTded
proceedin~s thereonder, and shall pay such amount to the perSOn interested,
toj.!elher with all costs reasonably incurred by him in the pl'nsecution of the pro-
when not ceedings under this Act relating to the said restrictions.
completed. (3) The provisiOflS of Part III shall apply, so far as may be, to the determina-
tion of the compensltion payable nnder fhis section.
39. (I) The provisions of this Act shall not be put in force for the purpose of
DclDOliUon
of part of demolishing or acquiring the ri~ht to dtmolish a part only of any house, manu-
hoau or factory or other building. if the owner desires that lhe whole of such house l
builcliul mlnufactory or building shall be demolished or lha! the right to demolish the
aDd im[lClli- whole of it shall be acquired:
lion nf
r~Tittiool Provided that the owner may at any time before the Collector hal made his
,....
on prt of award under section J 2, by notice in writin~, withdraw or modify his expressed
desire that the whole of such house. nlanufactory or building shall be demolished.
or that the riRht to (lemoJish the whole of it shall be acquired:
Provided, also, that, if any question shall arise as to whether any buiklin~ Of
other construclion propost.d to be demoliShed undcr this Act does or does not form
part o( a hous!:, manu(actof}' or buil(linR within the meaning of this section, Ihe
Collector sh111 refer Ihe <Mcrmination of such question to the Court, and stich
buildill/.!: or other construction Shall not be demolished until after the question has
been determined.
In deciding 011 such a reference Ihe Court shall have regard to Ihe questiWi
whether Ihe buildin~ or otherconstrnction proposed to be demolished is reasonably
required for the full and unimpotired use of the house, manufactory or building.
(11 Ifl in the case of any claim of the kind referred to in section 23,
sub-section (I), clause (c)1 by a person interested, on account of ceasing to be able
to use the land, upon tl1e use and enjoyment of which restrictions are to be
imposed, coniointlr wilh his other lanef l the ~sident of fbe Union is of opinion
Ihal the cbim is unreasonable or ekcessi,'C', he maY, at any time before the
Collector h:ts made hi' award, order the imposition of restrictions upon the
whole of the I,md of which the land upon the use and enjoyment of which il \li25
first srughlln impose restric!ions fOlms a part.
(3) In the case provided for hy sub-seclion (2) no fresh declaration or other
proceedin~ under sec lions 3 to 10 ~hall be necessary; bul the Collector shall
without delay furnish a COP}' of Ihe ordl!r of the President of the Union to the
perSOll.inlel'tllled, and shall thereafter proceed to ~ake his a\\'3rd undcr seclion 12.
 Wot.l:s of Dt!enu.

(of) Notwithsbndina anythinl~ conbincd in section 7. clause (Ill. an, l1nd,

upon the use and enjoJment of which restrictions are impused ulldrr this section
may bt: included in tbe outer boundary, even though. its distance from the crest oi
the outer parapet of the work exceeds two thoUSlOd yards.
40. No award or OlJU'eement mlde nnder this Act shall be ch..uge"l.ble witb Eumptl..
sl:tmpdnty, and no person claiming under :wy such award or agreement shall be 'rom .tamp.
liable to pay any fee for a copy of the s.ime. duty and
'~.
41. No suit or other proceeding shall .e commenced or prosecuted alolinst Notlcelo
any person for anytbini! done in pursuance of this Act, without gi\'inR to such cue of 'uit,
a
person month's previous notice in writinR of the intended pl'oceeding and ofth.
'onClll
',or
il~ythlnl
C<iUse thereo I, nor a Iter ten d er 0 I su ffi clent amends. pur11lilftl;c
of Act.
"2. Save in '0 far as tbey may be incon1istent with anythin~ contained in Code 01
tbis Act. the provilions of the Code of Civil Procedure shall apply to nil proceed. Civil f'ro.
ing, before the Court under this Act. cedllreto
apply to
......
proceedinp

""'...
O. Subject to the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure applicable to AJlpeIlIln
appeals from original decrees, an appeal sh:llllie to the Hi"h Court from Ule award p,~dlll&'
or from any part 01 the award of the Court in ....n)' proceeding under this Acl before Court.

..... (1) The President of the Union m:ry make rules for the Ruidilnce of Power 10
officers in ....n matters connected with the enforcement of this Act. mat"....
(2) The power to make rules under subsection (J) shall be subject to the
XIndition of the rules being made after prniotls publication.
(31 All rules made onder sub-section (I) shall be published in the G:u:etle
....nd shall thereupon have effed as if enacted in this Act. '

11IE WOMEN'S A\JXILIARY SERVICE IBIJRMAJ Aer. :J/~etJ' "lU''''~:

[BURMA AC'J''tI. 1944.] (l4th May, 1943.) ~~~'~"~1~~~;)
c..-". 't~ 3.41."
WHIQI!:AS it is expedient to cog.stitute as part of tbe armed forces a women's
auxiliary force known as tbe Women's AlIxili:lry Service (Burma>, and to provide
for the orJZ3nizaiion and discipline t~reof i to ~ .;.
It is hertby enacted a.s follows :1
1. (I) This Act may be called the Women's Auxiliary Service fBunna) Sbort titl4-
Act, 1944. . comlllalCo-
(2) It sball be deemed to have\come into force with effect from the 1rle:1! ~d
fourteenth day of M~y. 1 9 4 3 . ' ilf'I"ICIIUO&.
(3) It applics to ~onDCI of the Women's Auxiliat} Service (BlIrma),
wherever they may be.

2. In this Act, unless there is anyttiipit nJlURnant in the subject or DdinitmL

context,- \
(a) II the service" means the' Wom~,\'s Auxiliary Service (Burma)
constituted under :section 3 i .
(6) I' enrolled" means enrolled under this.. Act;
 111 WOlllln's dfllili~ry St,tt;ee.
(,) prembed\" m,e.U1s prucribed by rules made undtt this Act; and
(d) .. rej{UtationS\," means regulations made under seclion 10.

ConstUolion 3. There shall be raiserl lind mainblincd in the manner hereinalter

01 Women', provided an auxiliary foree [whi~ll shall be desiJ{nated the Women's Auxiliary
Auxiliary Service (Btlrma)} = * ',=':lll pllrt of the armed forces,
Senice
(Burma).

'moonelol of. (I) There shall bi: the (ol~wing cL'\SSCi of pel"lOnnel in the service
tb< n>meIy,-
aad"""'
arpoint.
_tol (0) officers, and
otll<m. (6) enrolled persons.
(21 Officers shall be a"pointed by the President o( the Union by
notification in the Gazette, and the~' shall be female citizens of the Union above
the age of seventeen.

EnfOlmenl S. (1) Any cillzen of Burnt.1, if a woman and above the :tge of seventeen,
0( penocmd shall be elijtible to be enrolled in the service, and, if she s:ttis6es tbe
aDd tbtir
pt'ODlotioa. prescribed conditionlli, may be enrolled thertin in such manner and for such
period as may.he !:lid down by reiuhtions, aud thertupon sh:l.lI become subjecl
to tbe provisions of tbis Ad,
Il) Any enrelled person m:\y be promoted to warr:\nt and noncommis-
sioned rank in accordance with the relXulations.

lJabilily to 6. Every officer and every enrolled person shall be bound to serve
.ne.
until she is discharlted or dismimod from the ser\'ice and while so bound sball
be subject to all rilles and regulations that may be made under this Act relillin!!
to the service.
DiSD:Iisul
fl"Ollt lenioe 7. (0) The President of the Union may dismiss any officer i and
(b) The General Officer Commanding, Burma Army, or any authority
empowered by him in this bc:half, may dismiss any enrolled person frtlm the
service.
AppliCltlnn S. The Burma Army Act sball, to such extent and subject lo such adapta
01 Ann)' Ad .t)ons and nlodi6cations as may he V\1......nocd, apl'ly te dfticcrs of, and pcrs~ns
enrrUed in, the s~dce as it applies to officers and men 0{ the rcgularforces
respectiTely.

9. The Prui<knt of the Union may, hy noti6Cdtion in tht: Gatte, make

rules to caM")' (.out the tllfPOSt'S ol thi~ Act, and wilbout prejudice to the i~ncrality
ol this power, such rules may I'rovil1c fOl' any oHler matlt:r wbich under this Act,
is to bt or may he prcscrilll:d.
'ower to . The PresiC!ent of the Cnion rna)', b)' noti6C<ltion in the Gazette,
.-
trlaUrepbo
empower any authority to m:\l;e reltulations consistent with this Act and the
rules made thereunder providinll fCK all matte" to be laid down by r~ubtions
2nd Renenlly (or all detail. connected with the CK~anization and pttSOnnel of the
senice, and the appointment CK en",lment, riisch:trge, duties, train ins:!, c1othinJ{,
~quipmtnt, pay, allowances. medical treatment and lea\e of penons aplKlinted as
officerJ or enrolled. \
I IHldcJ by Act I. 1945.
 119
11It BURMA 1\IIL1TARY NURSINC SERVICE ACr. "p~tJ' T"'~s"!l' :1'~
.>'3;'. 4' 'I."...., 1~
[BURMA ~XXVII 1945.] (13th October, 1945.) tH4. .
WHEREAS it is ex . ,'cnt to co~stitute a~ pnrt of the an~led forces a force 10
he called the Burma Mill ry NUTSlI1i ServIce, and to foTovide for the organiu..
lion and discipline thereof; l' * " #

It is hereby enacted :II

,
f6Jlows :--
I. This Act applies to tritmbers of tbe Burma Milibry Nursing Servict Appliatloa.
\\'herevu they may be.
\
2. 10 Ihis Aet. unless there is :In}thin~ repllltnani in the subject or Deliniliont.
('l)olext,- .
(cd If the service meaDS tbe &rma lrlililary Nursing Serviccconstituted
under section 3 ; .
(b) te prescribed" rne1ns prescrihed by rules made under this Act; and
(e) ., reltulalions means rellulations made under sedion 10.
II

J. There shall be raised and maint..,ined in the manner hereinafter rrovided Con,Ut,tiOll
an auxiliary force, which shall be desi~naled the Burma Mihtary Nursina ;,~Bara,a
Service. for service wilh forces and persons suhject to the Burma Armr Act. ~~~
Se,.k::e,.
<t. AU members oE the ~rvice shall be of commi~ioned rank and sMII be P~noaad of
appointed a5 officer! of the service by the Presidenl of the Ullion by notification tilt K"ie~.
in the Ga2:ette.
5. Any citizen of the Union, if a woman and above Ihe a!l:e of twenty-one, Elilibilil)'
sball be eligible for appointment as a member 01 the tervict-, iroflidtd tlr4! slle 'or appoiot-
satis6es the prescribed conditions: and upon appoinlmaJl sbe dlall become llleDL
subject to tbe provisions of tbis Act.
6. ~very memhcr of the service shall he bound 10 serve unli1 she UabllJI)' 10
relinquisbes her commission (lr is dismis~d frorn-the service, and while so bound Kne.
shall be subject 10 rules and regulations that may he made nnder tbis Act
relating to the service. .,
7. The President of the Union may di.miss any,
member of Ihe service. Dilmiwl
'l1lal'krrioe.
e. The Burma Army Act shall, subj:t to such adaptations and modificatioD' ApplieatiOll
as nuy be prescribed, apply to members of Ihe service as it applies 10 officers of of lbe AtIII'
the regular forces, except such provision. thereof as are mauirestlr inapplicable Ad.
to \l'omen. ,
9. The Presidenl of tbe Union may ffi3ke rul~' loarry oat the purpose5 Pown to
ci Ihis Act; and wilhout prejudice to the g~nerality of :ouch powers, sneh ra;U;c nala.
rules mly pro\ide for the medical examination 9f persons oUeriDA tbtmseln,
lor appointment in Ihe service. \
It. The President of the Union may, by notification in the Gazette Pl7WCf to
empower any authority to make rel{ulations, consistent with Ihis Act and Ihe malic rcraJ...
ruIn made thereundtt, to provide for:tll matten 10 be ~overned by regnlations, lion.
includin~ det:tils of nrganilation, per30n,nel of the service,:tnd the appointment,
dismilllal. duties, trO\ining, c1othinJ(', eqnipment, pay, allow:tncet, medical treat
ment, and leave'of persons appointed as members of the service..
I For suclt. ruin, tee B.rllf' Gcu/l" 1946, Part I, Po 92.
120
THE BURMA AIR fORCE (DISCIPLINE) ACI'.

CHAPTER I.
PaEUWINAaY.
s.......
1. Short title and commencement.
2. Persons subject to this Ad.
3. Special provision a. to rank in certain cases.
4. Comm:andina: officer of certain persons.
5. OIfieen to exercise powers in certain cases.
6. Definitions.
CHAPTER II.
ENROLMENT, ATl'BtTATION, DI~MISSAL, DJSCHARO& AND REDUCTION.
7. Procedure before enrolling officer.
8. Enrolment.
9. Presumption of enrolment in cerb.in cases.
10. Penon. to be attested.
11. Mode of attestation.
12. DitmilSO\l by the President.
13. Dismiss<'\t by the Officer Commnnding or prescribed ofIi<:er.
14. DilCharp.
15. Certificate to person dismissed or discharRed.
16. Discharce and di,mi$l:'\l out of the Union of Burma.
17. Reduction.
'CHAPTER 111.
PUNISHMENTS AND PENAL DIDucrloNs.
18. Punishment.
19. Power to :l.ward lower' punishments.
20. Field punishments.
21. Combination of punishmentt.
22. Reduction of non.commiQioned oman and w2.rrant officers to roll1ks.
%3. Retention in the romp of person convicted on active service.
24. Minor punishments.
25. Deductions from pay and allowance.
26. Deduction... from public money other tban pay.
27. Remission of deductions.
28. Provision for dependants of prisoners of w....
29. Unauthorized deductions forbidden.
CHAPTER IV.
AIR FORCE OFVI~CIS.
30. Service offences punishable with death.
31. Service offences punishable with lon2 imprisonment. .
32. Service offences punishable more ~Iy if committed on activuemoe.
 121
S,lliollJ.
33. Service offences punishable with sbort imprisonment.
34. Mutiny.
35. lnsuhordination ponishable \\~itb IORio! imprisonment.
36. lnsubordinltion punishable more severely if committed on active .ervice.
37. Insubordination punishahle with short imprisonment.
38. Desertion.
39. Fraudulent enlistment
40. Connivance at desertion.
41. Absence from duty without leave.
42. Scandalous conduct of officer.
43. Sc..1.ndalolls conduct punishable with long imprisonment.
H. SClnd lIous conouct pURilhable with short imprisonment.
45. Intoxication.
46. Permittini: escape of prisoner.
-'7. IrreR:ular keeping in custody.
48. Escape from clistody.
49. Offences in relalion to property.
SO. False accusations and offences relatin~ to document!!.
51. False answer on enrolment.
52. Offences relating to courts.martill.
53. Offences reb.tin~ to aircr3t.
54. Miscellaneous air force offences.
55. Attempts.
56. Abetment.
57. Civil offences.

CHAPTER V.
ARREST AND PROCEEDINGS DEFORE THIAL.

58. Custody of offenders.

59. Arrest by civil authorities.
60. Captnrc of deserters.
61. Inquiry on absence without leave.
62. Provostmarshal.
63. Duties and powers.

CHAPTER VI.
CONSTITUTION, JURISDICTION AND POWERS 01' COURTS-MARTIAL.
64. Kinds of couds-martial.
65. Power to convene ~eneral courts-marlial.
66. Power to convene district courtsmartial.
67. Limitation of powers of convenin~ authorities.
68. Convening of field "eneral cOUI'tsmartial.
69. Composition of general courtsmartial.
70. Composition of district courts-martial.
71. Composition of (jekl general courts.martial.
72. Dissolution of courts-martial.
73. Jurisdiction and powers of courts-martial Jteneratly. .
74. Jurisdiction and powers of gener3\ and field general courtsomartial.
75. Jurisdiction and power'S of district courts-martial.
76. Prohibition of second trial.
122 Burma Ai' FOI'Ct (Disd1'line).

Sections.
77. Limitation of trial.
78. Place of trial.
79. Order in c:\S~ of concurrent jul"is.1iethn of criminal Court and court.
martial.
80. Power of criminal Court to reqnire (tcliver)' of oncnder.
81. Trial by cOnrlmartiilo' no bar to "uhsequent trial by criminal Court.

CHAPTER VII.
PROCEDUR!: 0.' COURTS-MARTIAL.
82. President.
83. Judge Ad,'oclte.
84. Challenges.
85. Voting of members.
86. Oaths of president and members.
87. Oathe of witnesses.
88. The sUmtnOnill~ of witnesses and prol!uction of documents.
89. Issue of commis!>ion.
90. Convictbn of one offence pe::nissible on charge of anolher.
91. General rule ,l:i to evidence.
92. Judidal nolice.
93. Presumption as to sign,lures.
9". Enrolment paper as evidence.
95. Presumption as to certain documents.
96 Re~erencc by accused to Government officer.
97. Evidence of previous cl"Invictions ;mrl service character.
98. Order for custody or dispooat of exhibit property pendin~ trial.

CHAPTER VIII.
CO~FlR)'!ATION. REVISION, PARDON AND RElllSSI0~ OF SENTEl'CES.
99. Findinp: :'Ind lentence invalid without contil'mation,
100. Power to confirm liltdin~ and sente;1ce of ~ener:\1 court-m:lrtial.
101. Power to conllrm findilll:t and sentence of distdct courtmartinl.
101. Limitation of thc powers of contirmin~ authorities.
103. Confirmation of findinp; and sentence of lield ~ener:'ll court.martial.
104. Power of con!irming authority to mitig'te, remit or commute sentenceS.
J05. Confirmation of rinding and sentence on board ship.
106. Revision of findin~ or sentence.
J07. Substitution of valid for invalid sentence.
108_ Provision where accused is a lun:atic.
109. Pardons and remissions.

CHAPTER IX.
EXliCUTION OF SENTEaCES AND DISPOSAL OF PROPERTY.
110, Sentence of death.
111. Commencement of sentence of imprisonment,
112. Execution of sentence of imprisonment.
113. Execution of sentence of imprisonment ill special cases.
114. Exec:'ltioll of senteuce of detention.
115. Comrounic.ltion of certain order~ to ciYil prison officers.
 8WIII. Ai' Fo~ (Dis.<itliw). 123
$IdioM.
116. OIfend~n; sentenced to transportation how dealt with until transported.
117. ~xect1tion of selll~nce of line.
118. Order for disposal of properly teK:'rdina: which offence committed:

CHAPTER X.
SPECIAl. RULES RELATIXG 10 PU90NS AlfD PRoPERtY.
119. Complaints a~ainst superior officers and airmen.
120. Privilea:es of persons attendinJt courtmarti.;J1.
121. Exemption from arrest for debt.
122. Propert\" ezempted from att:lchment.
121. Application to rrsemsts.
114. Priority of beAriog by Courts of cues in which pertons IUbject to this
Act are concerned.
US. Property of deeeased persons and deserters.
126. Disposal of certain pro?trl). wilhout production of probate. etc.
127. Application to lunatics aDd penons missina: on active semoe.
128. Power to m:lke rnles.

TIlE MJIlMA AIR mRCE (DISCIPUNE) Aer.

[BURUA Aa XLV, 1947.] (15th December, 1947.1

WItBREAS it is expt."dient to make pro'fision lot the administration and
dilCipline ollhe Burma Air Foro: and lor matters connected thcrtwith ;
*
*
It is berch,. enacted as follows : -
CHAPTER I.
VRELUI/NARY.
"I. W This Act maybe called the Burma Air Fon:e (Dilci"line) Ad, 1941. SIlorttiUe
IZ) It shall COOle into force Oil such date' as tl'e President of the Union andcoa.. IllenCelDml.
may, hy noti~ion in tbe official Gazelle, appoint.
2. IJl The followina ~ersolls shall be subjed to this Act, namely,- P..noM
(0) cfficers and warrallt officers of the Burma Air Force raised ill the Unioo ~:~et~
oJ Burma by the President of the Union i
fb) persons enrolkd under tbis Act ;
(c) ~rsollS not otherwise suhjed to mililar)', uanl ClI.ir force law, wbo,
on acth"e service, in ('amp, on the march. or al any frontier POlt
spe<:ined by the Prt'sident of the Unic..n, by notification in this behalf,
are employed by, or arc in the stn-ice d. or nre fcllowcn ol, or
accomIaliY allY pt"rtion of, the Bunna Air Force.
(Z) Evtry person who bomes subject to this Act under subsection W, dauw
t.) or (bl, shalll"emain so suhjed Until dulY discharaed or dismissed"
3" fJ) The P~sidellt of the Union may, by notification, dirC(.1 tttat any r-enon s~
or clau q pencilS subject to this Act und<:r section 2, suh-section W, clause (,l, prow,:.
thaI) be so ~ubjed as offi"'''\:I"$, warrant offittrs or non-eommissioned ol&cers,and
lIl:aJ authon~ any officer to ~ive a like (iirection with rnJotCt to any such ~.
::m..e.-.
-----
aQ(\ to C"lncel such direction.
I
.
15th December 1947. See &r G.dtll. 1947, '-tl, p. 146.
 124 DUTlIf4 Air F()J"et (Djstj~1ine).

(ZJ All persons subject to this Act other than offi;;ers. warrant officen
alld nOli-commissioned officers shall, if theY arc not persons in rtsp..:ct of whom
a notification or direction under suh-section (II is in force, be detmed to be 01 a
rank inferior to that of a nOllcommissioned officct'.
ComlD~OOitll of. Every person subject tothis Act under seclion 2, sub-section W, cJause(c).
offK:~rs of shall, for lhe purposes of this Ad, be deemed 10 be under the commandillR
,"'....
certain
officer oi the cocp5,unit or detachment (if allY) te whh;h he is attached, and if
he is not attached to anY CQl'ps, unit or ddacl:menl, under t1,e command of any
offictr who may for the time being be named as his COIlunanding officer by the
officer t:ommanding the force with which such IJtr'SOfl may for the time being
be seninfl, or of any other ~rtscribcd officer, or, if no such officer is named or
presetibed, under tbe command of the said officer commanding the force:
Provided that an officer commanding a (cree shall not place a person unrler
the command of an officer of official rank inferior to U13t of such person if Ihtre is
present at the place where such person is any officer of higher rank Wlder
whose command he can be placed.
Officel'110 5, (1) Whene\"er persons subjed to this Act are serving whether within
eltrCil~ or without the Union of Burma tinder an officer not subject to Ihis Act the
pow~1'1 in
certain cue. President of the Union lIlay prtScribe the officer by whom the Jlowers which,
under lhis Al.i, mal' he exercised hy officers comll1andin~ units, shall, as regarrls
such persons, be exercised.
(Z) Tile President ci the Union may confer such powers either absolutely or
subject to such restrictions, reser\'alions, ex\,.'t:p.ions and COnditions as it rna,
think 61.
Defi.DiliOllI. 6. In this Ac4 unl~ there is something reIJI1Jtnant in the subject or conteJ~-
(I) <l adi\'e service", as applied to a pen"-l subject to this Act, meJ.llS
the time during which sn..:h person is atLichcd to, or forms p:u1 of,
a force which is i.n operations against an enemy, or is engaged ill
warlike operations in, or is on the line of march to, a country 01'
place wholly or partly occupied by ;'In enemy, or is in mililan'
occup;'ltion of any fo:-eiJtn country, and inchKles in respect of a person
.ubject to this Act attached 10 or forming part of a force which is
about to be or has recently bt'en on snch active service, such time as
the President of the LIllian may, by notification in the official Gazette,
declare to be acti\'e service in respect of such force;
(Z) "air force custodv" means the arrut or confinement of a persoo
according to the usa:!es of Burma military and air forees, and
includes mili1at} custody; .
(3) .. air ft:lf'ee reward" includes :m}' gratuity or annuity for long ~
or flood conrlncl, :lny good conduct p:ly, good senice payor penSJ()/l,
and any other :Jir force pecuniary reward; .
(f) It air force offence" means any act or omission made punishable by
this Act ;
(5) " airman" ffif'anS any perwn suhject to this Act other than an officer;
(6) "civil offence" means :ln offence which, if committed in the Union of
Burm:\, would be triable b}' a criminal Court;
(1) "conlmandinJ.! officer", usetl in rel:ttion to a perSOn subject to this Act,
means the officer for the time being ill command of the unit or detach-
ment to which snch person belongs or is att:lched i .
(8) "corps .. means any bodv of the Burma Air Force whkh is pr,~c(lbe~
as a corps (or the purpoees of all or any of the provisions of thiS Act ,
(9) .. COLrt-martill .. means a court_martial held undtr this Acl ;
 125
CIO) "criminal Court" means:\ court of ordinary criminal justiee in the
Union of Burma, or estalJlished elsewnNe by the authority of the
President oi the Union;
(tIl 'I enemy II includes all armed mu~inecrs, al'rnell I'ebds nrme<l rioters
piratt's and any person in armsaj.!ainstwhomit is lhe'duty of a perso~
subject to na,'al, militarY or air force law to aet j
(12) U non,commissioned cfficer" means it person attested under this Act
holdin~ a non-commissioned rank in the Burma Air Force, and
includes an ;l,cting non-commissioned officer;
(13) .. notification" means a notification published in the official G~zelte ;
(14) " offence" means any ael or omission nude punishable by any law for
the time being in force;
(1S) ., officer II means an officer of any of Bunna naval, militarY or ::tir
(orces, but does not include a warmnt officer or non-commissioned
officer;
(J6) 'I officer of the Burma Air Fortye" me~ns a person commissioned,
j:tazetlcd or in pay as an officer tl the Burma Air Force;
(17) II prescribed" means prescribed hy rules made under this Act ;

fI8) .. sltperior officer ", when used in relation to a person subject to this
Act, includes a wan'ant officer and a non-commissioned officer: and
as l'eftarc!s persons placed onder his order, an officer, a warrallt officer
or nor.-commissioned officer of any 01 Bunna naval, military or :'Iir
Em'cc i
(J9J " unit" me.'lns any body of the Burma Air Force which is presaibed as
a unil for the purposes of :Ill or any of the provisions or this Act ;
(20) .. warrant officer" means a person appointed, gazetted or in p:iY:lS a
w:trr:tnt officer in the Burma Air Force; and
(ZI) all words and expressions ll"ed herein and defined in the Penal Code,
and not hereinbefore defined,shall be deemed to have the rneaninas
respectively attributed to them by tbat Code.

CHAPTER II.

ENROLMENT, ATTESTATION, DISWISSAL, DISCHAilGZ AND REDUCTION,

Procedure
7, Upon the :tppearance bef'll'e the prescribed enrol1il'~ officer of any person bcl'-t tnrol
desirous of bein~ enrolled. the enrollin~ officer sh.1l1 read :tnd explain to him, or ling offict1'.
cause to he read and explained to him in his presence. the conditions
of the service for which he is to be enrolled; Md shall put to him the
questions set forth in the prescribed form of enrolment, and shall, after h:wina
autioned him that if he makes a false answer to ;'IIlY such question he will be
liable to punishmellt under this Act, record or cause to be recorderl his answer to
each such Question.
a, If, after complying with the provisions of section 7, the enrolling officer is ElltolmCllt.
sati,fied that the p.:rson desirous o( beinjil enrolled fully nnderstands the questions
put to him anll cons.:nts to the conditions of service. and if he perceives no
illlpcdiment, he shall sign and shall cauIC the person to sign tbe enrolment
pilper, ami such peTS;)n :ihall be the:1 deemed to be enrolled.
9, Every persOn who ha.. for the space oi si:rc nloillh, heen in the receipt of Praamption
any air force p:ly ancl heen horne all the roll" of any unit raised in the Union of in cutaia
Burma by tbe President of the Union shall be deemed to have been dblyenrolled. ~
1lOt"'itbstandi,n~ any i1I~Rality or irregularity in his enrolment.
..
of Cllrolm.nt
 126 B"rlnQ A.i, Fo,u fJ)iJd;tiltll.
PeflOn. to be 10. The following f:ersons shall be atte.ted. namely,-
att~ted.
(a) aU persons enrolled as combatants;
lb) :III other enrolled p(J"SOIiS prTscribed by Ihe President of the Union.
'lode nf 11. (1) When a person who is to he attested is reported fit for duty, or has
litelution. completed the prescribed period of pl-obation, an oath or :r.ffirmation sban be
administered to him in the presail>ed forn. by his commandil1j! officer in froot of
his unit or such portion thereol as may hi: pn.:sen1, or by anr otber prescribed
person.
(Z) The lonn of O<llh or affirmation shall be ;lS prescriber{ h)' the President
of the Union from lime to lime and shall cont3in a promise that the person to be
attested will serve: in the Burma Air Force and 11:0 whtrever he is ordered by air,
bod or sea. and lhat he will obey all comrnan<b of any officer set over him, e,u
10 the J:edl of his life.
rJ) Tilt fact of an enrolled person. h;lvin~ taken lhe oath or affiruWion
mrcclell by this sa..1ion 10 be taken Ih,,11 be entered on his enrolment paper, land
autl,entkated by his signature and b}l the signatW't of the 08ker administeriD~
the oath or affirmatjono

Dismi.ul by 12. The President of the Union nuy 3t any tim~ <ljsmiss from tbe semce
Presidcllt. 3ny persOn subject to this Act.
Di.millOll by 13" The Officer CommandiflS!: the Burrol Air Foret, or any pR.'lCrihed of6cff,
the Officer may at anr time dismiss from the service :lny penon subject to this Act
Comn.a,ldi,,1t:
or prescribed other than an (Officer.
officer
Di,;bartc. 14. The prescribed authority may, in conformity with ;lny rules prescribed
in this bebllf, dischar~e from the service :\!lY pel'$()O subject to this Act.
cetti&cat~ IS..-\oy enrolled 1 erson who is dismissed er dischar(ed from the semce shall
~I::::f .- be lu 'nishcd by his l~('"mn'anc'inll officer witb a cerli6cate sr!!ina: forth-
dilChaf;;cd. (II the authOlity rlismissinR Of t1is:har~inc him i
(b1lhe cause oi his rliSlllissal or dis~'harce ; and
(e) the full period of his service in tbe Bunna Air Force.
DllCharge 16, (I) Any enrolled person whu is enli:led uncler the couditions of his enrol
lUld di.mh- ment to be disclla:'ged, ("f whose t1ischar~e is ordered by ccmpetent authority, and
sal 0111 o( Ille who, wben he is SJ tnlitl-.:d or ol'd('loecllo be discharjled, is servinjlout of the Uluon
t1nion of
BUrIna. of Bumla, and reques1s to be sent to the Union of Burma shall, before being dis-
charl;e<I, be: s~nt to the ~niun of.Burma wil~ 01.1.1 cC:llvellient speed. .
(2) Any person subJect to thiS Act who IS dlsml~(l [roo} the sen'ice and who,
when he is so disillisseo, is scr\;ng out of the Unioll of Burma, shall he sent to the
Union of Burma with all convenienl speed:
Provided that, where an}" such ~rsoll is sent~llced 10 dismissal cOlllmned
with 311Y oth~ punishOlenl, socb other punishment, or, inlhe ,,:ase of a sentence of
imprisonment, a porlioll of SUdl other ,"unishmcnt, may be i}18icted before he is
t;ent to tbe Union of Bunna.

Rechtdioa. 17. (1) The Officer Cumroandin& the Burma. Air Force, or any presaibed ofticer,
may at any time recluce any warnnl officer or anJ n0n.-eomruissioned oSicer to a
lower jlrade or to a Ic.wer rank or to tbe ranks, or anr airman other than a warrant
offi~r or lI"l_commiss!oned odil-sr 10:l lower dass III the ranks.
(1) The com~ndingo!Uce~' 01 an actine: non"l.'On~!ssioll\.-d eDictr may order
him to re\'ert te IllS ~rmanent grade as a nOllcC'nlIDlSSloned otiicer, or if be bas
no pc.rmanent pde above the ranks, to the rank$.
 Bwma Ai, For" (Distilli.,). 127
CHAPTER Ill.
PUNISHMENTS AND PENAL DEDUCTIONS.

18. Punishment. may be inflicted in rtspcrt of offences committed by persons PW1IIhment,

subject to this Act, anrl convicted by courtmartial l accordina; 10 the .c~le
following. that is to saYI-
(a) death;
(6) imprisonment, which shall be oI two ckarees, namtly:-
(i) long imprisonment, which shall be ri~us and (or a term not Itss
than three years and not exceeding fourleen yur., and
(iI) short inlprisonment, which maybe r4,.'OfCUS oc simple, for a-lemt not
exceedina: two yars ;
(e) in the case of airmrn, detention for a term not exceeding two Ita" ;
(d) dismissal from the service ;
(e) in the case of offia=rs and warrant officers, suspension rrom rank, pay
and allowances for a perio{: not excttdinJt; two months i
(/) reduc'ioll, in the cast of warnnt officer, or a non<ommissioned officer,
to a lower Kracle, or to a lower lOInk or to the ranks;
(g) in the case of officers, warrant oflken and noncommissioned officers,
forfeiture of seniority (I( rank;
(A) in the nse of officers, warrant officers and nou-commissioned officer"
reprimand cr severe reprimand;
(,1 forfeitures and stoppa~es as (ollows, namely :-
(j) lorfei!ure of service {or the purpose or promotion, inaused J:ay, ):en-
sion or any other prucnhed purpose j
(il) for feilure of any military, naval or air force decoration or military.
naval cr air fon-e reward j
(iii) forfeiture, in the case of a penon sentenctd to dismissal from the
servil"e. c>i all arrears of s:ay anti all:..wances due to him at the time
01 such dismissal;
(iv) stoppagu of pay and allowances until proved loss or damage occa
sioned by tbc offence or whiLh he is convicted is made good ;
(v) on acti,c service, forfritun: of ray and allowancrs for a period not
exceedil'lJt; !bree ffinnths .

9. Where in respect of any offence under this Act there is s~erified a ~ar Powcrlo
titular i-unishment, thtre may he awarded in rest:ect of thai (,H~nCt: instead 0( '\If'3rd Iown
soch I articular punishment (but subjed to t!le other provisiOf'S of tbis Act as 10 pUllbhmfnl'"
punishments and regard hein)t I,ad to the nature and degree of the offence) any
One punishment lower in the above scale than the parti\;u1ar punishment.

20. U) Where any person, subject to this Act and under the rank of warrant
officer on adi~e serricc 1 is )tuilty of auy offence, it shall be JawfcJ for a cowl-
marlial to a~-ard for that offence any soch punisbment as may be prescribed
as a field pWllshment. Field punishment shall be of the cbaracter of pellOr-al
restraint or of bard labour but sball not be of a oature to caust injury to life or
timbo
(2) Field punishment sllall. for the purpOse d commutation, be deemed to
stand in tbe scale of punishment ned btJow dismissal.

21. A senlellce of a courtmartial nlay award, in addition to or without any ComhJna.

nne other punishmtnt, aDY one or more of the puni,hment. specified in c1aUlU tioa of
(elJ. (f), (Is) aud Ii) of section 18. plUlJllh.lrICQla.
 128 Burma A.i, Force (Diulplitu).
~tdl)(tion 22. A warrant officer or non-commissioned officer sentenced by court-
~':;'IOlled mar~al to imprisonment, detention, field punishment or dismissal from the
ofticen ar:d servtce. sball be deem~d to be ]'e{luced to the ranks.
warr~r.!
officer. to
,ankl.

Retention 23. When any enrolled person on active service-has been sentenceo by court-
In the ranks martial to dismissal or to imprisonment, whether combined witb dismissal or not.
01",_
convicted on the prescribed officer m:1y direct th2t such person may be retained to Sl!rvc in the
active ser- ranks, and where: such person 11.15 b.een sentenced to imprillOnment, such serrice
rico. shall be reckoned as part of his term of imprisonment.
24. (J) The President of the Union may prescribe the minor punishments to
wt.ich ~rwns subject to this Act shall be liable without the intcrTtntion of
a c01ll'tmmial, and the cRicer or officers by whom, and the extent to which,
such minor punishments may be awarded.
(Z) Detention and, in the case of persons subject to this Act on active scn'ice,
any prescribed field punishment may be specified as minor punishments: .
Provided t1lat-
(4' the term of stich detention or field punishment shan not exceed twenty.
eight tlays ; and
(hI detention or field punishment shall not he awarded to any person of or
aoove the rank of non-eommissioned officer, or who, when he com
mitted the offence in respect of which it is awarded, was of or above
such rank.
(3) The provisions 0( sections 76, nand 78 shall apl1ly to the proeeediags
of offiCttS empewrred to award minor punishments under this section as if such
officers were CQurts-martialled.
Dcd.udioa. 25. (I) The followinK penal deductions may Oe made from the ~y and allow-
lrom pay and allces of an officer of the Burml Air Force, that is 10 say,-
allowance.
(0) aU pay and allowances due to an officer who absents himself without
leave or overstays the period for which leave of absence has been
gr<\nled to him, unlesS:l satisfactory expli\nation has been given to
his commanding officer and has been approved by the President of
the Union i
(b) any!iUm required to make Rood such compensation for anyezpenses,
loss, dama/ole or dt'slrnction ()('ca~ioned by the commission of :loy
offence as may be determined by the court-mltrtial by whom he is
convicted of sucn offence;
fd any swn required to m:\l.:e good Ihe pay of any officer or airman which
he has tmlawfully ret:tined or unlawfully refused to ply i
(d) an)" sum required to m:tke good any loss, d:tmage or destruction of
public or sr.rvice properly which, after due in\"cstiiatioo. appears to
the President of tbe Union to hll.ve bun occasioned by any wroogful
act or n~gli~ence on the part of the cHicer.
(1) The following penal deductions may be m:tde from the pay and allow-
ances of :tn airman, that is to Sly,-
(o) all p'lY and i\lIowances for every day of absence either on desertion or
without lel1\'<!. or;l.S a prisoner of war, and fOl' e\'ery day of impri-
sonment or detention awarded br a criminal Court, a court-martial
or an officer uercisinlt authority uuder sedion 24, or of held punish.
ment twarded by a COQrimarlial or such oHicer ;
 B"rlll; Air F"rc; (Di$citliIlC), 129
(6) all pay and allowances for every d;ly whil~t he is in custody Oil" ch,,~e
for an offence of whio.:h he is afterward' convicted by criminal
Court or l:ourtmartial 0.1' on a charge of abst'lH:c without Icave fnr
which he is aftel'war:ls aW:\I't!ed ill1prisonmeMt, detention or I;eld
punishment hv an efficer exerdsing authodty um!er section 24 i
Ie) all par :11111 ;\llol\':'Ince~ for cvery day 'bn which he ill in hos~ital on
:'ICCOlmt of ~ickncss certit;e(1 by the medic]1 oflicer attelldill~ on him
to h lve been caused by an offence ulldel' this Act COllliniited by him i
(d) lor every day Oll which he is in hospital on account of sickness certi
fied by the medical officer alterl(lin~ on him to have been cau'iC(1 by
his own mi.sconduct or imprudence, such sum :IS Ill"y he prescrihed i
Ie) all p;1y and allowances ordered hy a courtmartial to he suspended or
forfeited; ,..
IfI any SU11\ o1'<Iered by a court.marliallo be slopped;
(t) any sum required 10 make Aood such compensation for lilly expeness
cause<1 by him, or (or allY loss of or <1am:\l.~e or dcstl"udioll done by
him 10 any arms, ammunition, ('lll1ipment, dothing, instruments,.service
nectssaries, (lr military decoralioll, or to any hllildin~ or prop~IYI as
may he awarded hy his commall<linlt officer;
(II) any sum required to pay a fine awar<!ed hy a criminal Court, a ccmrt
martial ex~rcisillR juriscliclinll untler section 57 or an oBicer, excrcisinK
authority under section 24 :
Provided that the total deduction from the pay and allow:mces of a person
Stlbject to this Act made under clauses (.:) to (,), both illl::lusivt", sha 11
not (except ill the calC of a person sentenced to dismiss.,I) exceed in
anyone month onehalf of his pay and allowances for that month.
ExJ!al/aliotJ.-For the purposes of clauses In) and (b)-
(i) no person shall be treated as ahs..:ut, imprboncd, or detained, tlnl68
tbe absence, imprisonment, or detentiOn has lasted six hOUri or
upwards, except where the absence prevcllte<l the absentee from ful
fillin$( any air force (lUll' which was thereby thrown on some other
pereon i .
(ii) a period of absence, imprisomnent, or deh:nlion which commences before
an<1 end!! after midlli"ht m:;y be reckoned as a day;
(iii) the number of days shall h:: reckoncd as from lhe time when Ihe
absence, imprisonment, or detentiou cOmm..:nces ; ami
(ivl no period of less than twentyfonr hcmrs shan be reckoned as more
than one day.
26, Any sum aulhorized by this Act to he deducted from the pay and allow.
ances of any person may, wilhout prejudice to any other mode of recover;nl the lrom public
Dol''''''''
Inoncy oUlcr
same, he deducted from any public money r1u~ to him olher than a pen$ion,
than ra"
27. Any (kduction from ray and allowances authorized t-y tllill Act may he Ncmi,don
n:Olitted in SUCh manner and to such extent and by such authority as may from ofdcduoo
til1le to tim~ be prescribed, lion.,

28. In lite case of all personS subject to this Act being prisonc:rs of war, Provi~Qb
whose pay and allowances have been lorlt'ikd under Scdit>1l 25, hut in respect of IVI eII","-
whom a I'cmission has been mad~' uncleI' seclion 27, il sl!all he lawful tlanb of
rritoncq 0{
nohliths1an(lina any proTision in anyellaclmeu( or :lny rule of law to the conlrary, .....t.
{or prOlkr provision to he made hy the prescribed authol'i l ks oul r I surb I ay alld
allo~'allces for any <!q;cllliants of sUI,;h pcrscll and any stl\:h rUllission shall in
t1,at case be deem.:d to apv1y only 10 lilt: balal1'Cc UlCJ'(~afttr ,.maioma oi sucb
pay and allowances,

9
 130 BII' ma A.iI FOl'a (Diui/li",l.

,-
Unllllib.
lions
29. The ,ay of an officer or airman of the Burma Air Force shall be paio
ori&ed dedIlIoo without any tkductiOll ('fher than the dcduetioD$ authorized by Ihis Ad or by
any ('tber tuadmrnt for the time heine in force or prescribed Loy the President of
tbe lfnion.

CHAPTER IV.
AIR }o'OIlCE Ot-rINCI$.
Service 31. Any person subj.:-ct to Ihis Act who--
oK.-
(Il1niWble (a) shamtfully ahandons or deliva'S up any ganison, fortrtss, post or ruard
_ilb dalb. commftted 10 his dlarg.... or which it is his duty to defend. or
(b) shamefully casts away his arolS, ammunition or tools in the presence
or the enemy, or
(c) treacherously holds comsprndcncc with or aives intellia;~nec to the
enemy, or treacherously or thro,,~h cowardice sends a fiae of truce
to the enemy, or
Cd) a"ists the ~nemy with arms, ammunition, or supplies, or kno\l'ingl1
harbours or protects an enemy not beine a pris!>n(r, or
(,) hav:ne Men made a pris>nc:r of war, voluntarily serves with or
voluntarily aids the enemy, or
(Jf voluntarily docs wl',ell on actin smi any act calculated to imperil
tbe success of Bunna Furcts or any j:art then:oi, or
(t) treafilu; usly or shamefully causts Ihe caplnre or dulruetion by the
eUl'Iny 01 any of the Government's ain:rtfl, or ,
(h) Irt:lcllcrously givt.s any false air sia;nal or .alters or interferes with any
air signal, or
(,) when ordered by hie; suprriol" officer or otherwise under or{len to carry
out any warlike operation in the air, treacherously or shamefully
fails to use his utmost ucrtiOIlS to earry sllch or~ers into dfec4
sball be punishaNe with tleath.
SeTVKe- 31. Any person subject to this Act woo, on active servlor.-
oK_
rllnisD<lble (aJ with.:ut urders (rom his supt.'rit'r officer leaves the lanks in order to
wltb lonll seCl:rt ..riSOllers or horses, or on p 'etcnee of t'lkin" wounded men to
Impd:lono the rear, or
meat. (b) withCtut orders from hi' sup,:ri 1r officer wilfuny destroYs or dama~es
any prorerty, or
(c) :s taken pris~:mer by want 01 due precaution or thro~Jh diSObedience of
ordtTs or wilful n('~k'Ct of duty, (If, haling been taken priS?ner, fails
to n:;oin Burma {)efelll:e Service wt-en able to rlo v, or
(II) without due authority either holds correspondence with or i:ives
intelligence, or sends a ll..lR: of truce te the e"emy, or
(,) by word of mouUl, or i'l writing. or by s;enalS,Ol otberwise spreads
reports uk'ulatcd to (rute tmnecessary alarm or despOn(fency, or
(J) in action, 0:' previously to ~oing into action, useS words calculated to
creale :lbrm (,Ir dt'~ponllenl1r, (>l'
(t) ,1lI:~li~ent1y causes the capture or destruction by tbe eMmy of any of
the Government's aiT\.Taft. or
(') when ordt':ed by hi,. superior offic.:r or olhtr\l:iu onder order. lO carrY
out any \I.'arlike oflCrahon m the air, neil;li&ently or t1lrougb other
Miault fail, to IKe his utmost exertions to cartY such orden into
tffccl, or
(11 Dtisbeha... ~s bdOl.'e lhe eutmy ir: such manner as to show cowardice
ahaU be punishable with lon~ imj:risonm~nt.
 Bur",a Ai,. Force lni.,i/litlt). III
32. (1) AllY person suhject lo'this Act who trtacheroWlly makts kuown the Service
IvakhwOI'd .fo allY ve~S:;'l 1lot enhtlt:\1 to retcive ii, or Irearherously Itins. Ofr~ltl.'n
wakhword. (hff~'rent fro~1l what he rectiv~d, shall, it he commit, Iht offenCe 0 S'UQi,ha!l1e
active s~rv.I1.'C, ~ pUllls~abk. with d\'ath, and. ii he commits the Oft'li:IIC8 not o:~ mo,.
1IC\"crely It
active s~n'lce, with sholt InlpnY lIment. tommml'd
(2) Any I)(.'r"n suhjn:! to Ihis Act wbo- on acli,c
liC'rvicc.
(11) without (lue nuthorily all!;'rs or iutrrfert's with any air siJ,lnal or
(b} forces a ':lfe~ua\'(l, or '
Ie) torct'S or strikes a sJ:lltinel, or
(til bt:eaks int.o any ho~s.:: or other vlaC\: in seareh of plunder, or
fe) belllJt all amnnn actm'l; as sentint'1, sleeps or is intoxi~ato.:d or
(f) without orders from his superior officer leaves his guard, Picquetl patrol
or IK"st, (r
/t) hy dis;:harging firt'arms, makina: signals, lIsina: words or by any means
whakvt'r, intentionally occasions (als; alarms, or
(11) bring an airman acting as s'.!ntincl, kavu bis posl before he il
nrularly rdie\'ecl,
shall, if he conuni.s the offence on active s~rvice. be punishable Witll lona
imprisonmtnt and l if he commils tbe o!ence 1I0t on active service, with ahort
imprisonment.
33. Any person s"bject 10 this Act who- lknIoo
(,,) by discharginSl: firearms, makin" signals, using words, or by any means offence.
puni.h~blf!
whatever, nt'gligently occasions Jalse alarms, or with short
(b) makes knowlI the wakhwcl'd to any persoll not c-nlitlcd to receive it, impri......
or I without J::ood and sDffident cause, J,lives a watchword different ma,t.
from what he received, or
(c) impedes the provost-marshal or any assistant provost-marshal or any
officer or non-commissioned officer or olber persoll le/o:ally exercisin/o:
auth.,rity under or on behnlf of thr. provosl.marh~al, C'rl when called
on, refu:;es to assist in the execution of his duty the provost-manhal,
the assistant provost-mlrshal, or an}' such officer. non-commilSioned
officer .01' olher person, or . ,
(d) use,; criminal for~e to or conlmits an assault on any person brmgma:
pro\jsions or supplies to the forcel, or commits any oltence againlt
the pr.>perty or person of lny inh3bitant ot or rtsident in the country
ill which he is serving, or .
fe) irregularly delains or appropriates to his own Ulllt or detachment any
prOVisions or supplies proceeding to tbe forcel, conlrary to orders
issued in that respect,
Sb.1J1 be punishable with short imprisonment.
3... Any persOn subject to Ihis Act who-
I(I) begins, incitesl causes or conspires Wit . b any ~lb er persons t0 cau.. any "utilly.
mutiny in an~' of Burma n:lYJI, military or all' forces, or
(b) joins in, or, beinil pre.ient, does not use his utmost elldeavourll to
suppre~s, an)' such mutiny, or
eel kllo\\'in~ or having reaSOll to uelie\e in the existence of aD)' such
mutill\', or of any inlention to commit 5uch mutiny, or of aoy ~uc~
collsplra.:y, doe,; not, without delaY, live information thereollo 1111
commandjn~ or other su~rior officer, ILIUbor.
shaH be punishable with deatb. dhlJtioa
35. Any person lubject to this Ad whe>- runieblbh:
wilh IOJII
(a) uses criminal force to or assaults bis superior offic:er, be:n.l in the ipriloo-
executioll of his office, or -'-
 BMI'M4 Ai, F()I'a (Dis~iNiru).
(6) disobeYS in such"manner as to show a wilful defiance of ;),uthority any
lawful command I.tiven personally by his superior clicer in the
execution 01 his office,
shall be punishahle with lona imprisonment.
InSlIbor 36. Any pers~n subject to this Act who-
dillation (II) uses criminal ioree to or assaults his sllperior officer, or
ptlniJhabie
_N (6) uses threatening or insubordina!e I.mj,(uaRe to his su~rior cflicer, or
verdy if (e) disobeys any lawfnl command given by his superior officer, shall, if he
committed commits the offence on active ~ervice, be punishable with loog
on adive imvrisonment, ancl, if he commits the olJence.not on active service,
1U~k:e.
with sbort imprisonment.
I'subof- 37. Any pers:>n subject to this Act wher-
dinaUoa
pllnbhable (al being concerned in any quarrel, affray or disorder, refuses to obey an,
with Jhoct dncer Hhongh of inferior rank) who orders him into alTts~ or uses
impriso& crinlin.11 force to or assauhs any such officer, or
lIDent. (6) uses criminal force to or ;usaulls any person, whelher subject to Ihis
Act or nol, in whose custody he is placed, whether he is or is not his
superior officer, or
(e) resists an escort whose dllty it is to apprehend him or to ha"e him in
chan~e, or
(til being an airman, breaks out of barracks, camp or quarters, or
(el neglects lo obey any general, !OC;l! or other orders (not beinR orden in
the nature 01 a rule 01' regulation publisJled for a &endal in{ormatiOll
and ~uKL1nce or the Bunn:l. Air FOI'ce),
shall be punishable with short imprisonment.
38. Any person suhject 10 Ihis Acl who deserts or attempts to desert the
service shall, if he commits the offeuce when On :lIclive service or under orders
for aclive service, be punishable \l"ith long imprisonment, :l.ud. if he commits the
offence unctcr any other cirrumsbncu, with short imprisonment.
Fra:halmt 39. Any persoll subject to this Act who, whell belongin~ 10 the Burma Air
enlistmtnl. Force, without ha\'iuJ:: oht:'lined a regular ctischarll:e therefrom, or otherwise
fulfilled the comlitions enab1ina him to enlist, enrol or enler, enrols himstlf, or
cnlists in or enters any other of air forces, or any of Burma military or naval
forces or reenrCl!S himself in Ihe Burma Air Force, shall be deemed to be guilty
of Iraudulent enlistment, ;lnd shall be: punishahle witll short imprisonment.
Connivance 40. Any person subject 10 this Ad who, beill~ co~llisant of any dtS~rtjoll or
at dtlrrtioll. inlen(led ucsertion ot '" p.:rson suh]Ccl to Ihis Act, (IOl'S nollorthwith Rive notice
to his >mm:lOding offi~r, or take :IOY sleps in his power to cause Ihe dCSlTter (I('
intendinlt: deserlcr to be i'lpprehended, slmll be punishable with sbort

........
fmlll dill)'
imprisonment.
41. Any person'sUhject 10 this Act....woo-
(a) ahscnts hil1'sdf \I:ithout !eal'e, or
_ilbout
Ian. (6) b.ils 10 appear atthe lime 6xed at:a par:ldeor placeapp)intedfor
uerdse flT dalY, OT ~oes from Ih~nce without leave bdo~ h~ is
relit\...d. or withcot nec~s>ity quits his (luly or duties, or
(c) being an aIrman, wh~ ... in camp or It::lnison or dsewhere is found
~)'ond any limits ti.xe~1 or in :lny Illace ,l,rohihited by :In;' general,
local or other order, without a ra.s~ or wntten leave from his superior
officer, or
(.1) being an ainn:ln, without leave from his superior officer or without
due causes, absenls himself from any school when dulyordereu to
attend tbere,
sball be punishable with shod imprisonment.
 S.,rma Air Fur" (lnscillillt). I3l
42. Any officer or warrant officer subkct (0 1111. A.;: wr.o hehaves in a ScaftdalOlll
manner unbecoming his position and d.aracter shall, not""ithstantlinJ{ ,nl,thing COft6tU:lof
contained in section 19, be ciismissed from the service. .ofJic.er.

O. AllY person subject to this Ad who- Sc1ftd3.loas

(a) steals allY pro~rly of the GovenUlIl'ut, 01' dillhollcstly misappropriates =~bte
0," converts to his o.... n use auy PfOpcrty 0{ the Government entrusted
witt! lone
to him, or iQlpril'"l-
(6) dishonestly receives or relains any properl)' in respect of which an .u
offtnce under clause (a) hall been committtd, knowinR or havina
rcason to believe it to have been stolen or dishonelltly mifappropriated
01' conv.. r!ed, or
f&) wilfully destro)ts or damaite5 any property of the Government entntliled
to hilll,OI'
(d) steals any property 01 any air force mess, band or institution, or o{ allY
person subject to this Act or serving witb or att:u.:hed to the Burma
Air Force, or dishonestly misappropriates or con-rerl5 to his own use
any such property entrusted to hin1, or
{el dishontstly receives or retains any property in respect of which an
offence ull<iel' clause (d) has been committed, kllowillR or haviua
reason 10 bdieve it to have been stolen or dishonestly mi!approprilled
or converted, .
sban be I-'uuisbable with long imprisonment
.... Any person suhject to Ibis Act who- ,Sc:>nd;lIoa.1
(a) dc.es any act, lIot otherwise specified in Ihis Act, with intent to Ilefraud, conduct
or to cause wron.ful.ain to oue perSOll or .....rOll.fl1llo55 to anolher pllnishat!le
wilt! s..'l~rt
person, or Iml'risOD-
(6) malingers or {eiens or produces di$ta~ or infirmity himself,orintenliollally mCllt.
dela)'s his cure or aggravates his disease or infirmity, N
(e) with intent to render himself or any other ~r.ion unfit for servio.:e,
vohm!arilY cau,es hurt to him.it'li nr any nlhl'r pcrsnn, or
(d) commits any offence 01 a cruel, indect'nt ur unnatural kino, or
attempts to commit any such offence and 11~s any aCt towanls it!
commission,
shall be punishable witb shorl imprisonment.

45. AllY pm;on subject to this Act who is ioulld in a state of intoxication, IntodcatioD.
whether on duty or not on dulY, sball be ~unishable, if an ollicer,with dismissal
from the service, and, if an ainnan, with short imprisonn:ent :
Provided (bat where the off~nce oi being intoxicated i, committed h)' an
airman not on active service or on duty, the senlt:nee imposetl shall nol exceel!
detention for a period of six months.

046. Any person subja..'l to this Act who- PtnD.Hti~

(.) when ill command of a gllar~, ~icquet, J:.alrol or post, reltase:s ;:r"':cr.
witbout proper authorit)", whether voluntarily or otherwise, any
per<>on committed to his charue, or
(6) voluntarily or negli~('nlly allows to esC'ape any person who i. committed
to his charge, or whom it is his duly to ke~p or RUar{!,
SbaI1 r.e pWlishable, if he has acted voluntarily! with long imprisonmtot, and, if
be has not acted volunlarilr, with sbort in1prisonmelll
 134 B,mH4 Air F""u(Disdf'hlc).

Irregular
ktepini ill
.7. Any penon subject to Ihis Act who-
cllstody, (Q) unnecessarily detains a versoll in arrest or confinement without brillJlinll!
him to trial or fails to bring his case before the pro~'T authority
fOf inv~sli~ation, or
(b) having commilled a person to the custody of any cffil.:er, non.
commissioned officer, pn.\cstm;lrshaJ, or assilant provost-marsha~
fails without rt'asonable l"3l11e to deli\"er at the time of socII
commitlal, or aj Kon as vrat.1icahle, and in any case within twenty.
fOllr hours thereafter, to the officer, nOll-::ommill~ioned cfticer,
provosI.mar..h"J, or assistant provost-marshal, into whose cuslotl}'
the iJCrliOn is committe(l, all ac(ount in writilllZ higned by himsdl
of the I ffen,t.'S with whidl the per~OIl so committed i~ 'harged, or
(c) bein!: in J,;(,mmand of the guard, does not as soon as he is relieved from
hill guard or (1m)', or if he i,. not sooner rdievcd, \liU1in twentY.(lUl'
hi un after a person is committed It> his challl:c, ~ive in writing 10 the
dliccr to whom he may be ordered to rtport thai person's name and,
offellt:e so Jar as known to I,im, ..nd thp. name and ranle: of the offiw
or other perlOn b)' whom he was charged, accompanied, if he has
received the nct:ounl :l' ahove in this sedlOll mnltioned, hy iht
account,shall be punishable with short imprisonment.
.f8. Any person subject 10 this Act who, bt:ing ill lawful custudy, escapes
Jr attempts tn escaiL, shall be pmisllabJe with short i01~risolllnellt.

OIfaacn in .9. Any ~n subject to thi~ Act wh~

alation 10 (Q) commits exlortion, or without ~roper authority uaets from any person
properly, uniag\', porterage or provisioM, or
b) in time of peace, com mils hOl1sebre:tkinf.: for thp. ptlr~ or
phmderinl!, or plull(leNi, (lest rays or d:ln1:lf.(ell any field, garden or
other properly, or
(c) vC'lunlarily or negliltently kills. injures, makes aWAy with, iIItreats 01
loses an)' :Ulimal nsed in tbe puhlic service, or
(d) makes awa)' with, or is concerned in makin~ away with, an)' arms,
nmmunilion. (quipments, instn;ments, tools, dOlhinR: or service
nel:ess;u;cs issued tn him or required 10 he maintained by bini, or
(el IOI~ b)' neglect anyth;q~ mentioned in daL'sl'. (ti), or
(I) wilfully damaJ.!es :lnylhing menHoned in clause Id) or al'y property
beloll~ing to Ihe Gon-rnmcnt, or to nllY air force mes:., b.1nfl or
inltitution, or to :lnr persoll sultject 10 air rorcc law. or se:rril1J:! with,
or attached to the Burma Air Force, or
III sells, p:l\vns, clestroys or defaces an)' medal or decoration annle:t
to nim,
shall be punishable with short impris~nlllcnt.
F;I.!se aCC4'U SO. Any person ~ubjed 10 this Act who_
lion, Jad (a) makes a ral~e accusatiOIl :I).(ail1~t any person subject 10 Ihis Act.
oH'encn knowil1R such accus.ltion to he fal~, or
rrlaling til Cbl in makill)t any complaint under stction 119, knowinR:ly makes any rake
doculIlent..
statement ....fiectina the character of any penon subjecllo thi, Act, 01
kno....inRly,lIld wilfully suppresses any malerial fact, or
(c1 obt;tino; or atlempts to obbin for himseU or for an)' other penon apr
pcllSion, aJl'l\l,lllCe or olher advantap:c or pridltJ!:e b}' a slalell'lVlt
which is f:ll:<e, and which hc either knOWS or heJielelln be raise or
does not believe to ~ true, or hy makina or usinR: a f:tlse entry in :Ill)'
document or br m:lking :In)' document cont:linil'~ a-faJs~ st:'ltemcnl,or
h}' omilling to make a true entry or document containing a Irue
statemenl, or
 But/hC Ai,. f'rT,;,' (Dl$dJUIlC), 13~

fd) knowinlily fnnlishcs a fals.: "dum or report of lilt n...mller or stale of

allY m~l~ und('r ~is comm.ll1ll or ch;lri~, or 01 any mone)' ;InTI!',
:'ImmumtJon, c1otlllng, e(luipmenls, stOl"e!l or other property in his
charge,.whether belon~il1g 1011lCh mell or to the Government or to allY
ptrS?" tn or a.U.ached to Ih.' Burma Air Foret, or who, wiUully or
ntllhRently, omIts or rdusts to make or send allY return or report of
the ll1allers aforesaid,
shall be punishable wilh short imprisonment.
51. Any persOn having occ(1me suhjccl 10 this Act who is discoveretlto have FaIn liD.....
made a willnlly false answer to ally question set fOI'lh in the~e~cl'ihed form of Oil eprolment,
enrolment whkh h3S been put to him by the enrolling dlicer sltall be punishahle
with short imprisonment.
&2. Any pel son subject to this Act who- Offence.
(a) when duly summoutt1 to attend as a witll{S! before a court,martial, relating to
COIIrls-maro
intentionally omits to attend or rcflJ~es to be swom or affil'med tr to
Ii",
answer any question I or to ~'oduce or deliver liP allY docnment f>r
oilIer thing which he may have heen duly warned and called upon
to pl'Cduce or deliver up, or
(hI inttntionally offers any illSlllt (I' causts any il1terruJAioll or di$hrta~
to or uses any menaci.",:: or disl'e~Ptctlul WOf<!, sigil or gesture, or il
inlubordinate or violent in the presence 01 a court-martial while
sitting, or
(c) havilli been duly sworn or aftimled before :anY murt-martial or other
cour~ or cft'icer authorized by this Act 10 administt-r all oath or
affimlation, makes allY statement whkh is flllSf', and which he eilhtr
kllOws or believes to be false or doeli no( believe to be Ime, lil.all be
punishable with short imprisonment.
53. Any person subject to this Act who- Offtrl~.
rtblinr;lo
(n) voluntarily or ntj,!li~elltly cbm1ges. tlestroys or loses :'lOy of. the aircraft.
G'overnment's airct":lft or :'Iircr3f1 material, or
(b) is ~uiIty of :'Iny :'Id or omission liktlr to cause :.odl dalllaj,{e, destnlction
or loss, or
(,) is ){uilty of any act or omissioll (whether vuluntary lIr otherwise) whidl
causes danl.:tge to or destruction of no}' public property by nl'f'. or
(ti) withoutlawlul :lulhol'itr disposes of any of the Go\"ernment', aircr.lft
or aircuft material, or
(e) is Jtuiltv of :Iny act or omission in AyinR or in the usc of any aircraft, or
in re'lalion to any aircraft or aircraft material which canses or is likely
10 caose loss of life or hotlily injury to IIny person, or
(f) during a state of war voluntarily and wilhont proper occa~ion or
negli/o!entl). causes the sequestralku, br or under the anthoraty of a
neutral State. or the destruction in a neutral State, of Imy of the
Government's aircn.ft,
~ball be punishable, if he has acted voluntarily, with 10Da impriscnmenl, aDd, if
he has not acted voluntarily, with short imprisonment.
54. AllY person subject to this Act who-
(0) strikes or otherwise iIItreats any person lubject 10 this Ad bein. his
subordinate in rank or posili<J.1t or ..
(hI beill/o! in command at al'y pott 0," on Ihe marcl: and (e<:tI"'ln~ a
complaint that anyone under I,is C<,tnlmand has bt.lten or othen..,st
maHrcated or l"Ippressed ;1n)' person, or has disturbed any fair. or
market, or committed any riot or trespa,~, fails Ie tave due reparahoa
 B"rma Air F, ret (Disci;Iirld,
made' to the injured penon or to report the c..\Se to the proper
authority, or
(c) hy cle[ilillR :lny pbce of wo~hip, or otherwise, intentionally insults the
religion or WOlllltiS the rdiRioll~ feelings of an}' person, or
((I) aUelllllts to commit suicide ,1Il<! does any act towards the commission
of such off~nce, or
(t) being below the rank of warrant officer, when off duty, appears, withollt
proper autholity, in or about camp or cantonments, or in or ahout,or
when Ruing to or rclm'lling from, any tOWl! or ba~a:lr, carryinf.:: a
s\\'ord, blut!geon or other O[kllsive weapon, or
(fJ direcilyor illclirec!ly :\l;ce~t~ or obtains, or a~recs to accept or attempts
to obtain, fol' himsd( or lor any olher pel'wn, allY gratilkation as a
motive 01' l'('wardlol' prQcudng the enrolmcnt of any Persall, or leave
01 ahsen:.:r, promotion or any other advantage aI' indulgence fol' any
person in the ser,ice, or
{Ill is iuilly of allY act or omission which, lholi$l:h not specified in this Act,
is prejllllkial to gQO(\ rr<!er and air (oree discipline,
sball be punishahl~ with short imprisonment.

Attempts. 55, AllY pel"!'Oll subject to this Ad who attempls to colllmit an air force
offence or to ('au~e such all r.ff"ellco; to he committed an<1 in sm:h attempt does
any ad towa:"cls the commi~siOll of the Offl'lll'e maY I where no expre~s 1J1'o~'ision
is made i'lylhis Act for lh~ pUlli~h\llent of sudl aHenwl, he punished wiih the
pUlli~hll\ent provided in Illb Act for sllch offen('t',

Abetlllent. 56, ,\ny perSOll suhjn'! to this Ad who ahds the l'olllmission rf any ait' force
offence, at' of any offence VIl;li.hai-!e undl'r llle Burma Anny Act, the DU:1na
Nl1'al Disdplinc Ad, the Burma Nanl Vohmleel' Rescl'1'e Distil-line Act, 1940,
which is at th~ same natu 'e as an ait, fcll'cC C'lffl'nCC, shall be punishable with
the punishmelit provided ill this Ad lor such air force offence,

Civil 57, (]) AllY person suhjcct 10 Ihis Ad who at anY Ilace in or lleyoncl
offe,~c..", lhe Unif'ln of Burma C0l1l111ilS any d"il off~nl'e shall he deemed to he li:uilty of
an air f(lrl'c offcm:e, allli, if ,harge.1 thl'rewilh Uudel' 'his section, shaD bc liable
10 heJried hy cuurtmartial and 10 ['c l-ul1:~loe([ as kllows, that is 10 say,-
{II} if the C'ffenl't is aile whidl wouh! be punishable under the la\\l; of the
Union of Burma wi!h tltath or wHiI transportatioll, he sliall be liable
to stiffer allY Pllnis11lnenl, oth~'r than whippina, assigned for the
offelKc ry Ihe law of the Union of Burma; and
II,) ill othrr ta<es, he shall No Iiahl~:o suffer any punishment, other than
whippillJt, as~iltnct1 Jor the offence l,y the law of the Union 01 BUl'm3,
or surh punishment a~ might he awal'([ed to him in ~ursllance 01 this
Art ill resped (\f an :,\ct IJrejuclil"al to good ord~r and air torre

.. <Iiscipline, ..

(2) The powers of a courl-martial to chal'lle ant1 tt) punish :Iny pel"SOn under
this section shall not he a((ectcd by !"l'a;OIl o( the ri\"i1 offence with which sl1ch
pel'son is charged being also an air force offent"C.

, l'be p[o,iw to this kclion W,lI deleted by the U"iol1 of 8,rnll ("d~pbtion of Laws)
Order, 19~3_
 ll.,.",. Ai,. Force Co;sti'U",).
137
CHAPTER V.
ARREST AND !IMaCEEDINGS BlI:l'OkB TRIAl..

sa. ~1) A~y rP<lrson subject to this Act who is cbar~ed with an offence may
be taken mto air oree custodr.
08ic;:.J Any such peNon may he ordered into "ir forn custody by :'my luperior

, (3J The chan~e aeainst.e~ery ~n t2kin~ into air force custody shall,
without un.necessary del~y, be mvesh~:tled hy the propcr aulbority, "nd :lS loon a.
may be. either ~roceed,"gs shall be taken for punishin~ the offender, or sucb
person shall be dIscharged from custody. .

59. Wbene~er any..pers?". sllbject, to this Act, who i~ nccu~ed .of any Afl'ftt by
offence under tbts. Act, IS w,tllm the ,Juri,diclion of any Mal:~itrate or police chi!
oflic~r, such M:lJ.:lstrate or officer sball aid in the apprehension and delivery auhOTlties.
to ;U[' force custody of such person upon recdJlt of a .....ritten application to
Ih:lt effect siined by his commanding officer,

61. (1) 'Yheneyer a~\, perso~ subject 10 this Act dcse.rts, his commandina
ofiicer shall give written IOformation of the desertion to such civil allihoritiu as
in his opinion, ma)' be able to afford :\s::;istance 1')\\';lrJs the capture of th~
descl1er i and such .mthorilies shall therttlPCIn t.., ke steps for the apJ.TChtnsion of
the said deserter in like mannf'r as it he were a person for whose apprehension a
W3rr.mt had betn issued by:l. l.12iistrate, and shall deliver the deserler. ",h'en
apprehended, to air force ctl.'dody.
(ZI An)' police officer may aftest without warrant any perSOn reasonably
believed to be suhject to this Act and 10 be trayt'llinll: without alithoritt, and shall
hrinl( him without delay before the ne.lre51. Magistra~, to be dealt with accordilla
101.tlRo'.

61. (I) Wh~n allY person subject to this Act has been absent witbont due Inquiry oa
authority from his duty (ot a veriod of twenty-one days, a court of inquilY shall, ab:\.euce
:I.S 10011 as pradkablt', be assem'Heo. and, upon oath or amrmatir,n administered witOOllt
lp,e.
illtllc pr~ribed mallner, shall inquire respectini the ..bsence of the penon, and
Ih... deficiency, if ~ny, of pJ'opel1yof the Goyernment entrusted 10 his C;lre, or oI
bill anns, ,ltl101Uniliol1, equipments, instruments, c1othill~ or necessaries; and,lf
$3.tistied of the fact of such absence witbout due authOlityor other ~\Iffici"'llt
Cluse, the Court shall declare. linch ab!-ence and the pt:rind thertof, and
ibe sai(j deficiency, if any i and the CC'mmandinJt (fficer of the unit 10 wbicb the
~n;on bt:l.>ngs 1I11aU l'nter in (he courtmartial hook of Ihe unit a r~ord of the
declaration.
(Zl If the person decl;lred absent does not ....rterwards liunem1et, or is not
apprehended, he shall, (or the purposes of this Act, be deemed to be a deserter.

62. For the p:ompt "nd instant repres~ion of irrCJ(ubiiliel and offenctS PrO\1)1t.
axnmitled in the field or on the m:lrch, provostm:trshals may be appointed by &antw.
lbt Officer Comm:lndinJt the Burma Air Force and the powers and dnties of such
P'Ot'ost.mlrshals shan be reeulated accor,ji~ to the established CU$tom' 01 \nr
and the rules oC the service.

63. The (Intie$ of ;l

per~ns in air force custodr. to preserve ~ood order :Ind discipline and to pre\'"ent
,..,....
pro"osl.marsh:J.I 50 :lppointerl are to l:Ike et.ar~e of Dotin_

brt.LChe:' thereof by ~rsons su1lject to this Act. He m:r.y at any time arrest and
del-lin for trial any person subject to this Act who commits an offence and may
 1311 BtlM1IG Ai, Force (DisciJt:ille),

also carry into effect an}' pW'/isbments to be in6icted in pursuance of the sentence
of a courtmltrtial. '

CHAPTER VI.
CONSTI1UTION, JURISDICTION ANn POWERS OF Coum-MA'-11AI..

Kinds of U. For the purposes of this Act t:'ere shl1l be three kinds of courts-martial'
courts that is 10 sarr-
martial
(I) gener:tl courls-marli.'t1 ; (2) district courtsmartial ; and (3) field r,tenera.l
courtsmartial.

PlJIl,'eB to 65. A lIttller:t1 court.martial m;w be con\"ened by the PI"t$ident of tbe

~.~ Union, or by any officer empowered in this behalf by \\01rr.'1nt of the President of
"menl the Union_
courts-
m;lrti:lI.

........ t. 66. A district cOtlf1-marlial may he ronv~ned b)' :lony authority having p:'\\'er
tnn\'cne to convene;a )!.eneral court-martial. or by any officer empowered in this behalf b}'
district warrant of any soch authority,
cOllrls
mntial.

'Limil~'ioa 61_ A warrant inued under seclion 6S or section 66 mar contain such
of rowen rutriclions, reservations or cOAdifious as the authorilr illsuin~ it may think fit.
of f' n\ enl"g
authorities.
COCl\tlIing 68. The followiug authority shall have power to convene a field genenl
of field court-martial, Ihat is to sa)',-
.l!en~ral
court!l- (4) an i\uthoritr empowered in this behalf by an order of the President Ii
mutial. the Union;
(6) on activc service, thecomm,mdini: officer of the forets in the field or
all)" (fficcr empowered bl' him in this behalf; ,
(e) the commandill)! officer of any (Ielached portion of the Burma Air
l"orce on active sen'ice, whell in his opinion it ill not praclic,lble, with
due re}!ard to dis<.:ipline or the cxi}!enl:ies of tht: service, thai an
offence shoull! he tried by a geueral court-mulial, and circumstances
prennt a reference to hi}!her authontr,

Corr.pusition 69, A }!eneral cOllrt-martialllhall consist of not less than five clicers each ~
of ceneral whom must h;n-e held a commission during not less than three wholc rears and of
CO\IrIS whom not less than four musl be of a rank not below that of a (ftrin~ officer.]1
martial,
ComPOSili. 70 A district court-martial shall consist of not less th:!n three officers.
of dillrict
('OUrt,-
m.1Ttial,

Composilton 71. A field general courtmartial shall consist of not less than three oflicen.
of ..,.
ItlIeral
court..
martial.

I Substituted by Ac.t II, 1950,

 139
12. (1) If a court.martial afler the commencement of n trio,1 is reduced DlnolaUOlI
below the smallest !lumber of ofticen o( which il is by this Act required to 01 CCMlttlo
consist, it shall be dissol\~d. m:lrtial.
(2) If, on account of the 'illness of the accused before the fi.ndinl'h it is
impossible to continue the trial, a court-martial shall be dissolved.
13) Where :fcourtmarlial is dissolved under this section, tht. accused may be
tried again,

73. SaTe as otherwise provided hy or under this Act, coutlt-m1rtiat ,tJrlldlctlon

shall have- and powen
01 courts-
(a) jurisdiction 10 try and to punish all air force offen~, and all civil lIIartial
Lffem::es, committed by person!! subj~t to litis Act : pnerJ.llJ.
(b) exclusive jurisdiction to try :lll air force oRences which are Itot also
civil offences; and
(c) exclusive power to award the Pl!uishmenb specified in thi! Act.

74, A fitl'lneral 01' lield general court-martial shall have power to try nny JuriaditUon
person subject to this Act for :l.IIY offeru::e made punishable therein. and to pass
any senlence authorized by Ihis Act. ~_rr::
.........
leaeral
~rt.
martial.

7'. A district c)urt-lllarti:l.1 lIhaU have pow('1' to tr)' ;my )If'rllon suhject 10
this Act other lh;l.n an ntlker for any offence made punlshahle therein, and 10
JurlsdietiOQ
and powClf'l
fld.ss any senlence authorized by this Act other than a lentence of l1eath or 01 district
tourls-
imprisonnlf'nt for a term exceeding two years. martQI.

76. When any person subject to this Act has been acquitted or comicted 'ProblbUion
of an offence by a courtnlartial or by a criminal Court. or hns been snmmarily 01 setoad
de;'\lt with for an offence under section 24, he shall not be liahle to be tried apin tri.l.
for the s:lme offence bY:l court-martial.

77. No trial by courtmarlial of :lny person subject to this Act for any Umltatlon
offence (other than an offence of mutiny, desertion or fraudolenl enliJ:ment) of trial.
shall be ee-nunellced after the expiration of three )'ealS from the d;lte of such
offence, and no such trial for an offence of dCSC'rtioll (otllu than desertion on
1u...1ive service) or of fraudulent cnlil::tLnenl shall be commenced if the offender
h1S SCi\'ed continllomly in an exemplary manner for not leas than tbtee years
with an,. (lOttlon of Burma Force.
Ez;llJnaIiOfl.-For the purposes of this section Il mutiny" means any of the
offences specified in section 34.

78, Any person suhject to this Act who commits any offence against U may Hate 01
he tril'ld and punished for such offence in any place whatever. trial.

79. When :to criminal Court and a court.mllrtial have each jurisdiction in 0nIa ,.
l'e'lpect of a civil offence, it shall W in the discretion of the prescribed ail' force _01
authority 10 decide heCore which conrt the proccedinlls 1'Illall he inll(iloled, anfl, "*"'rrenl
Jarildl~lIon
if th;~t autl\OI'jtv dedde~ that they shall be instituted hefore a court.martial, 10 oIctiminai
dir~~t thlt tile a-:c Isd p~rs()n ~hall be det:l.ined in 'lir force cu~todr. Coout on'
........
""""
 140 ,Burma Air Forte (Di scijlillll.
l>owtrof 81. (]) When a criminal Court having jurisdiction i$ of opinIOn that
criminal pl"oceedings ('uebt to be inslitultd before itself in res~ct of any civil offence. it
Court to
rcq!rircddi. may, by writtt'n notice, require the prescribed air force authontl' at the option
Yeryof or such autboril~' either to deli\'er over the offend~ to the nearest Magistrate to
offeMC'I', be procteded a~ainst accordinJ.! to law, 01' to poslJ'lOlle proce,edinl(s penc1ill~ a
referencf 10 the President of the Union,
(2) In ever)' such c.'\st the said authorit), ~hall either de!i\'t'r over the
offendf'r in 1,.'ompli:tnCC with the mllllsili'JlI or !>hall forthwith rdC!' Ihe question
as to the e~nrt before whieh tbe proceedings arc 10 he instituted fur the
delenninahon of the President of the Union I whose order upon such refcmta:
shall be final.
Trial by 81. (ll Notwitllslanding :mythin!Z contained in section 26 of the Burma
coort-nmti;d [General) I Chases Al,.1. or in scction 403 o( the Code of Criminal Procedure, a
aobuto persOll l,.(lnvicted or aC(luilted by a court-martial may be :lherwards tried by::r.
h,~\lC:lt criminal Court for the same offence or on Ihe same facts.
~rl~ni::l.1 IZ) If a person sentenced by a COllrtnnrtilll in p:lrsU3.nce of this Act 10
CO'lrt. pUnishment for an offence is afterwards tried by a criminal Court for the same
offence Of Oil lhe same facts, that Court shall, in a\Vardin~ punishment, have
rf'itud to the air force punishment he may already bave undcr:.:onco.

CHAPTER VII.
PROC!DUR! OF COORTS.MA1mAf.

Pre.ident. 82. At every l,.'Ourlmartial\lJc senior member shall sit as pre!>ident.

Judie 83, Every gCTlf'1'21 courtmartial shall, and Cl'er)' district court-martial 1l\.1V,
Advoc:,le.
be attended by a ju lstt: advocue, wh:l sb:tll be either ali officer beloltCinR 10 Ihe
department e,f the}u Ij:!e Advocate Gt'n~l or, if no such officer is aV3ilable, :I. fit
person :.ppointed bl' the convellin~ officeI'.
Cballences, .... (I) At all trials by courts.martial, as soon as the court is assembled, the
names of tbt: president and members shall be rl,'ad over 10 the al,.'Coscd, who
shall thereuflOn be asked whether be objects to being tried by any officer
sitting on the court.
It) If the ac..'Uscd objects to aO\' such officer, his objection, and ;.Iso Ille
reply thereto of tbe officer objected to, shall be hurd and rel."OI"detl, and the
remaining officers of the court shall, ill the absence rf t1w challenged officer,
df'citle on the objection.
lJ) Jf the objl,"(.:tion is ;IIJoo,ved by one-half or more of the "otes of the officers
entitled to 'ote, the objection $hall he al!,IVl.'d, :md !t,c m"mbe:- objected to ~hall
retrrc, and his '':I.e-aney may be filled in lI:e pr(sl,:ribcd manner byanotlK:r officer.
snhject to Ihe SlIme tight of lhe accused to ohject.
141 When no ch:ll1en~e is mac Ie, or when challenge h:.s been m,ule and
disallowed. or the pllee of ever)' officer ~ucct.:5sfully challell!::ed has been fillet.! by
anolher officer 10 wh~ no objection is made or allowe<l. the courl shall proceed
\lith the trial.
Voti:>.Col as. II) E\'ery de ~ision of a court-martial shall be passed b)' an absolute
mcml>t:n. m.:tjolity of "otf'S; and wl:ere there is;l;n eqn;1lily of Yotes, as 10 eililer findin~ or
sentf'nce. the decision shall he in favonr or the accused:
Pr.1t<ided thai 110 sentence of de.1th shj1l1 ~ p;used without the concurrence
of Iwo-thirtb at the least of the memhers o( the court.
(ZI In m:dters olhertban a ch311enge ()(' the lindin:t or s~ntencc. the pttsitlot
shall have a caslin!:: vott.

I tnserted by Act II, 19$0.

 KI
16. An oatb or alirrnation ill. the prescribed form stWJ be admiaislered to Oatra of
every member of every courtmartial and to tbe iudte advo.:atc at the ~iQDinlot ~t
of the trial. '..s
_'*L
87. Every. person ~i"inlt: eYidence at a court-martial. shall be examined on CbthI of
ootll or affirmahon, and shall be duly swom or a!llrmed in the ~hed form. wim....

M. U) The convt'nin~ officer, the president of the court, the judac adYOC.1tc Tbe
or the commandin)l Offi':CI' of the ar.cuted pel''Ion, tnay, by summons untler hi~ ,-anI.,
hand, reCll1ire the attendance before lhe OOtlrt, at a time alld place to be ofldtrit~
mentioned in the summons, of any ptl"$OO either to give evidence or to rro,Iuee ~'on ~c
any document or other thin).!:. __.lIb.
(Z) In the case of a witness amenable to air loree, naval or military :lIuthorily,
the summons shall be ~nt to the offioer commanding th\: COt"PI, ,hip. unit
dc~rtment or detachment to wbkb be belon~., :lnd IUCh ot6cer shall krTe ii
tlpoll him accordinaly
(3) In the cue of any other \\itness, the summonl sball be sent to the
Macirtrate within whose jurisdiction he rna, be or rtRd~ and such Maristrate
Sh3lt iJ,"e effect tR the summons as j( the witness were required in the court of
such Naaislrate. ..
(41 When a witneu is require..l to produce any particnL'U' document or other
thing in his possession or power, tbe summonball desaibe it with reasoaabte
precision.
(5) Nothing in this sectioo sbaU be deemed 10 .Heet the Evidence Act
teelions 123 and 124, or to apply to any document ill the custody of U.e postal or
teJetrapb authoritics. .
(6) If :'lny document in such custody is, in the opinion of any Di.trict
Magistrate, Hiah Court or Court of Stssion, "'-anted for the purpose of aV'
court-rn:\rtiaJ, such l,h.Jtistrate or Court rna, require the postal or telcanpll
authorities, M the case may be. to deliver such etOCllment to suclt penon as such
Mnll.istr:\te or Court m,v direct.
(7) If any such document is. in tbe opinion of any otller lol'aiistrale or of auy
Commissioner of Police or District Superintendent of Police, W:'lnted for any .uch
purpose, he may require the postal or ~eleg.raph aulbOlities, a. the ca~ may be.
to cause search to be made for and to delain .uch doI:ument pending: the order.
of any SUCh. Dislnct Magistrate or Court.

89. U) Whenever, in Ute course of a trial by cou.1.mlrtJaI, it .~a~ to the

court that the cumination of a wjtoess is l'Iecnsary for the ends of JUstice, aod
::au::.-.
tilat the attendance of sucb witness cannot be procured without an amount of
delay, erpc:nse or inconvenilnce which, in the circumstances of the calr, would
bt- unnasonable, such court may adclre:n the Ju(lg!: Ad,:ocatc ('reocral Of th e
prescribed officer in order that a commission 10 take the cvlde.nc!: of lOCh ....ltneu
may ~ i~$oed..
(ZJ The Juo"c Ad"ocale Gtl'l!:r.l1 may ~hen, ii he thinks ~cessarr!tsUC
c.ommission to any District MaJl:istnte or M.1a:Isl.rate of th!: &rst dw, w!lbin the
local limit. of whose jurisdictioo such witness residcs, to taR the CYuknce of
such witnes..
OJ Toe Ilal:istrate or officer to "born the c:ommissinn is is'iUed, or, i~ be .Ii
the District Nap:ismte, he or such Ma&istrate of tb! fint ~bs. a~ he appoJnts 1'0
this bcbalf, ,ball proceed to the p1a~ wben: tbe witn~ lS.or diaD IlII1lmOn tbe
 142
witnfl>S hefore him :mel shall take down his evidence in the same manner, and
may for lhis pu:pose extTcise tilt: samt' powers, as in trials of warrantcases under
thc Cot'e oi Criminal ProcedUlX'.
(4) When the witness resides out of lhe Union of Burma, the commb:lion
may he js~ued tc any consular officer, Magistrate or other official competent to
adminislt'r an oath or affirmation in the place where such witness I'esides.
(SI The prosecutor and the accused persoll in any case ill which a commission
is issued may respecti\'ely fOrward :Ill)' interro~atoricsill writing which the court
may thiuk relevant 10 the issue, ami the Magistrate or C'flicial to whom the
commission is issue<! sh:11I e:<lmine the witness upon stich interrQJtatories,
16) The prosecutor and the accused person may appear before such Mallistrate
or official lJy pleader or, except in the case of an accllscrl Person in custody, in
perSoll, and may examine, crossexamine an<1 re-examine (as the c:\Se may bel the
said witness,
(7) After any commission issued under this seclion h,lS been duly executed,
it shall be returned. to~ether with the deposition of the witness uamined
thereunder, to the Jud~e Advocate Grncral or lhe prescribed office.,
(8) On receipt of a commission alld deposition returned under sub-section
(7), the Judge Advocate General or the prescribed officer shall forward the same
to the court al whose illstance the commission was issued or, if such COLU'! has
been dis~olvecl, to allY otlle~ court col1Ven~d for the trial of the accused person i
and the commis~ion, Ihe rdurll tbereto and the deposition shall be open to the
inspedioLl of the prosecutor and the accused person, and ma)', sUbjl,.1;t to all jullt
exceptions, be read in eridence ill the cas:: by either lhe prosecutor ol'lheae<:t1se:d,
and shail form pa;'t of the procee<!inRs of the court.
(9) In every c;lse in which it commission is issned under this section the trial
rna)' be adjonrned for a specificJ time I'ca;onably sufficient fol' the execntiOn and
relurn of the COlllmission.

Condcl:on 90. (I) A person charll;ed bef"n! a courtmartial with desertion may be lound
of (lilt oifcnce Ruilty of attempting to desert or of being absent wilhont leavt',
perminible (2) A person dmged ht:fore a courtmartial with attempting to desert may
nn charge of be fOUlld guilty of dcsertion or 01 being ahsent without leave,
another" (JJ A pel'SOn charJ:ed before a coul'imartial with usin~ criminal force Illay
be found guilty of =!.ssault,
(4) A pl'rS'ln c1nrg;.od befor<i II cOll:'I-ma'1ial with using threatening langu.1ge
may he found ~uilty of using insubordinate lan~t1age.
(5) A person ch:lrged hefore a CQlIrt-mal'lial with any of the offences
specified in clause (ai, clau~e (bl, clau,;!:: (d) or clause (e) of section 43, may be
kllnd guilty ot any othel" of lhese offences with which he millht have been
cbarged.
(6) A person chargd before a court-marlial with an offence puni~hable under-
St."etir n 57 may be hund l!uilty 01 any other offence of which he might have been
found J:tuilt), if the provision~ of the Code of Criminal Procedure were
applicable,
(71 A person charged before a courtmartial with any other offence under
this Act may, on iaiJure of proof of an offence havin;.! been committed in
circumstances involving a m0re s.::vere punishment, be found guilty of the same
,fence ;IS ilwing been committed in circumstances invol\'ing a less severe
pUllishment,
(8) A l erson charg;:tl hclon: a court.marliaI wilh any off.. . ule undet-IIJis Aet
lIlay be found guilty of l.a\'ing attempted to cOllimit or of abetment of that offence
altbouah tbe aUempt or abetment is not separat'.ly cbarxed.
 B",,,,,, A" FM'ct.(D:It:i~""'. 143
tl. The Evidence Ad shall, .ubjed to the rr<Tfi.iou'l 01 lhis Act, apply to Omenl.
all proceedinas bef<"l"e a court-martial. rllto: ~1o
tvidCDCt.

92. A court-martial may take judicial Itoti~ u any matter within lhe J"'kla!
aemeral nanl, military or air JOlce inowled"o: of the membC'n.. 1tOUc..:.

93. 10 any proceeding UDdtr this Ad, any application, certificate, wamllt, PrnIIll:lJlUoll
ret-Iyor other document purportilli:! to be siened by an officer in the tel'Tice of the 111 t,) lieu-
GoTcrnme"t shall, on produdion, be pn'swne<: to have bet:n dulJ signed by tbe tntl.
persoll and in the ~haraeter by whom and in wbith it pu"ports to haYc bccn
si~ned, until the centrary is shown.

94. Ally tnrolment paper purporting to be signed bJ an enrolling officer shall, En.rollDC':llt
in proctcdiniS under Ihis Act, he evidence of the person enrolled haYing Kiven the paper aI
answers to qllt'ShOIlS which he is therdn represented as baring ,,:.veil. The niclclK'e.
enrolment olsudl prrson maybe proved bytb~ pt'oUtIl..1ion of a COlY ot hi, enrol-
ment raper purpor.ing to be c,:mined to be a true copy by the officer havina lh.
custOCY oi the enrolment l2pf:r,

95, (l) A letter, return cr other document rtS~iog tbuemce ohn)' perIOD I., IIg..
in, or the dismissal ordis:ha'l!:e of any penlll from, any ~ion of Burma Forces, .. toeat:aia
or respecting ttoe cireumsta~ of an, person not ba...iua: served in, or +n '
belonaw to, any portion of Barilla F"refs, if puIllOrtina: to be tiped by or ('n
behal of the Prt"sidtnt of the URio11 or by any prtsaibetl rf&cet, shaU be nidtnce
ohlle facts stated in tuch letter, return or other document.
(2) All AmlY List Naty List, Air Force List or Guetle purporting to be
puhli~heli by author;ly ,hall be evidence oI the status and rank of the e8ic:ers or
warrant offi:crs therein m"'1ltiollcd, and of any appointment h\ld by sucb ol'K:crs
or warrant offi.:ers and of thc cor.s, unit, ship, battalion, a:'11l, branch or deprt.
~t of lhe service to which such oftioers or warrant officen helol/a:.
(3) Wht:re a n:cerd is made in any serYio:: blxlk in puosuance of this Ad. cr
01: any rules made tb~reulldel" or oIherwi,~ in pursuance of air force duh. :\nd
purporb Lo be si~n~d by the commandln~ ef6eer or b)' the I Sicer whose ;:U1Y it
i$ to make such rt:Cotll, sw;h reconl shan be evidence of the fact, therehY btate<1.
(4) A copy of any rccord in any service book PUrporlil'K to be certified to be
11 true cor-Y by lbe eSker haviolt the custody of liUCb book ShOlIl be evid~-nce of
such teCOr',!.
(51 Where any ~rson subjtct to this Act is beinK tried on a ebarae of dela'-
tiol.lorof abs:nte without leave, and sucb person has surrendered hilDKlf into tb.
custojy of, or has been apprehended by a Pl'f"jv05tn~r$hal. as...i:.lanl provost.
lTlarsh:l1, or other officer, or by the comm:ln<li:llt officer of that portion of
Burm \ Fo:-ces and stalin~ lhe fact, date and place of such surrenrer or
apprch::'n~ion, shall be evidence of the matters so slated.
(61 When any person subjed to Ibis Act is beine tried 00 a charge of dcser.
thn or of absence without len~, and sucb per.iOtl has surrendered himself into the
custody of or has been apprehended by, a police oaber not below the r.tnk of an
of&;er in eharg~ of a p')lice station, a errtifiC<lte purporting to he siltOrd b). iUeb
~lice officer Md s:.ating lhe fact, "ate and place 01 such lurreoller <r apprchen.
I'OD,shall he evidence of the matters stated.
111 Any document purportillJ~ 10 be a report under tbe band 01 Ollly Chemical
E~a,,"iner 01' Assistant Chemical Examiner to Govunment upon any matter or
thinll; rtulJ submitted to him for examinatiOn or anaJ)'Sd and reportwy be used
as erideAce in any proc;eedioa under this Act. .
 H4 BWllla Air For,;e {Diuilli.,l.

fcef~renu by 96, (tl II nt :tDy trial for desertion, absence without leave, oYcrstayinl: leave
;accused 10 or nol rejoinilll: when warned for servil:c, the person tried states in hi'defence
Go\cmm~llt any sllffkient or rC15f'1l1ahie eXCll:,(: for his unallthodl.cd absence, and refers in
officcr,
sop""r! thereof to an}' offi-:er in t'he s~l"Vice of the Government, or i{ it appears
that :tllY sUl,;h officer, is likely to prove or displ'OI'e the 5.1id statement in the
defence, the cOllrt shall nddress ~uch dfi:er and adjourn until his reply is
ret.:e;ved.
it) The written reply of ;my cfficer so referred to II'all, if signed b)' him, be
rtC(i\'eti in evidence and h:we Ihe same elTect as if made on oath btfon: the
co.ne
13) J{ the emlrt is dissoh'cd hefore the reipt of such reFly, or if the COIlrt
omilsto comply with the provbions of this section the convenin~ officer may, at
his discretion, annul the pr'Cledings and oftkT a fresh trial by the same or
another COllrt-m.1rlial.

E~kItnct of 97. (J\ When any person suhjed to this Act has been convicted by a court.
~~iOUl marHal of any offence slll,;h courl-marti:lllI1;ly inquire into, and receive and record
cOll,ictions
and st~iee evi(lellCC of, :lny pl'eviolls convictions of such Ilerton, either by a court-martial
character, cslahli:-;hed tllH1el' this Ad or allY other enadmellt or hy a criminal Court, and
maY fmther inqnire into :'Inti recorl"! the ser"ke ch:traetcr of such person.
(t) Evidence reeeh'ed under this sc:ction may be either oral or in the shape
of entries in, or certified ~xtracts from, courlmartial books or other oIIkiai
records; and it shall not he necessary to give not ire before trin! to the penon
trierl that e\,idence as to his previous convictiona or l>ervil,;e character lIm be
rt'Ceived.

Order for 98. When any property r~ardin~ which :tny off~llce appear1 to haft been
CU5tody or committed, or which appears 10 tklVtl! been used for the commission 01 .lin)'
dis~ltl'
wthibit offen{.'C, is prorluced before a court-martial dnril1l: a tn:!I, the CQurt may make
I'",,>ai, snch order as it lhinks Ilt for the propcr custody of snch properly pelldinj! the
pendinJ: Irial. conclusion of the trial, and il thl'; prOjll:rty is sub,kd 10 speedy or natn,,,! decay
may, after recording snch evic1enee as it thinks ntl,;t5sary, artIer it to be sold or
otherwise c1ispGsctl of.
CHAPTER VIII.

CONFI"WATION, !{B"ISION, PAkOON A:>lD RBWIS.~ION or SBNTEJ:!,

Yil:dill~ and 99, No lll'lding or scntence of a ~cner:t1 or district court-martial slJaU be n1id
IIelllcncc utert so far as it may be confirmed as proVided hy lhis "\ct.
illnlid
wilhnul
eonlirmil.tioCl.

Powcr 10 100. T\lt. fimlingi 3n<l sentenc~s of general courts-lnilltial may be con6rlll(\1
eMfirm lin-
di.ll'; ou:d by the Pr~~ident of the UniOIl or by any rfficer empowen:d in this behalf bY
unh:ncc of warr;1nt of th~ PresilI.mt of the Unicn.
J;cneul
,ourt-m~rti~1

power to 101, Tho:: findings and ~Clltl,:llces of district (ourb.mar,ial may be confirJl1e~
eon~rm lind- hy any aul hority hadnlt I"')\\"tr to convene a ,'enera1 eourt.marli:ll ('r hy ~nY
iUIt 3nd ..
senlence of c(nccr empowered in this beh:tlf by. \Y2rritnt of anv such authority.
I1hlriclco\lrl-
martial.
 145

102, ,\ warrant issued under sedion 100 or section 101 lllJy coulaiu ~t1cb LilllitllJion of
n:stridIOlls, l'c~erv;\lioIlS or conditions ns the authority ill~uiL,l.t it mOlY think lit. loo\\'cr. !II
f;"lIlirlllln~
Illthurilla,

183, (J) Save as provided in suh,sections Itl ;mel (3), a fmdin~ and sentence of COIlfirmatlon
~pdil1g;md
of a nelcl Jt:tneral counmarlinl sh<\11 not req~lire to be cOlllirmeel, and Ill;ly he lIClllencc of
c:lrried out forthwith, tield ~elleral
(2) The Iillclinl! anc1l1enlence of a field ~ener<\1 coltrtmartial shall l'eqnire to cnllrt,m~r'
be confirmecl- tia!.

C,,) ill the ca$t of the trial of an C'fIicer.

(b) in the case of a sentence of death 01' of imprison~nt fOI' a term
exceeding two yC;lrs. and .
(,;) in any other case if so ordered by tile convening authority,
(3) S\lch findinl! and sentellce mw be confirmed by the conyeninf,! ;lnthooty.
or, if the con\'enin~ allihoritr so directs, by an anthorit), snperior to the \:onveuiu2
anthority,

10... Snbject 10 snch re~trictions a~ rna)' be containecl in ;ln~' warrant is~ue(l I'owcrof
nndel' sC":lion 100 01' sf.."Clion 101, a confirming anthority mOIl', if it cOllfilnl~ the (onfirminl!
authority 10
senlence o( a court-martial, mitii!:ate or remit ll,e punishment therehy a\\"aru~cl, milij,(;lle,
or commute that punishment (or an}' punishment 01' punishments lower in Ihe remit lit
scale pl"Ovic1e(! ill section 18, comml,te
1IC1lIen~.

lOS, Wlle'l allr person snbie"::l to this Ad iF t:ied and sentenced by ,'omt Conlifm~tio"
m:lrtial while (111 bonrd ship, thf> finding and senteuce so f:lr as nol c(lnfil'mecl and of lindh"
and ~ente"ee
exet:L1le(l on ho:,nl ship rna)' hI": COnfirmed and executed in like lI1anner as if sm:h un bo~rd
person had been tfle(l <tIthe 110rt of disembarkation, .hip,

106, (J) Anr findinf,! or sentence of a court.martial which reCluires confinna ae\'i~ifJn of
lioll may he ollce revised by order of the confirming all:horitr ; and on such lin<linlt or
!Ie~'lcnCe,
revision, the cOllrt, if so c1ire:=ted bl' the confirming allthoritr, rna)' t;tkc additional
c\'idenct,
(Z) The conrl, 011 revision, sh:tll consist o( the same officers as were pre~ent
when the original rlecision \\" \5 passed, unlC!ls any of those officel"S al'e llll:l\'oid,
a1l1y absent.
(3) In case of slich lInavoidable ahsence the caU'ie thereof sllilll he dul)'
cenified in the proceedings, and the cOllrt ~1~1I proceed wilh the revisiol1,
provided thaI I if a Jteneral court.martial, il still consists of live dficeMl, 01', if a
district eonrlormartial, of three officers.

10', Where a sentence paned hy a courtmartial which has been conhrme<', S""-tilootlon
or whkh {Joes not require confirmation, i" {oulld for any reason to he invalid, Mf;lIlid'Of
the authori'Y which wOI1ld Ita\'e had power onder section 109 10 commute IttI.' Inulid
&entence.
punishmcnt :twarded hY the scnt"nce if it had heeo "",lid may P'~~ a \'a lit!
S('l1tCnce :
Pro\'ided that the punishment aW3rded by thesenteu..:e so pa~sed ~h:tll not
be hif,!her ill the S<'ale of punishmt'nts th:tn, or in exce~s of, the ponishment
awarded h~' the invalid sentence.

108, (I) Whene\'er,in the COllrse o( a trial by conrlmartial, it apptars to the Pro,ltlori
,,'here leo
(OUl"t thnt Ihe person charged is of unsound mind and coolleqllenllr incapahlr. of cleetbl
making his defence, or that such person committed the aet allCi/;ed, but was b)' Iunatie,

10
146

reuon of unsoundness of mind incnrablc o( knowilli! the nature or the ael or th;t
it was wronl:: or contrary to I:tw, the ro~lIt .hal1 ~~rd :l ~ndjll~ accordiltglr. and
the pre:sidcnl of the court or the t ffit:~r huhhllg: the ~nal, al. the (".sc may be,
Ihall forthwith report the (.'ase to the conflrnlll if: authont}'1 Of, In the case of a
field Jtcneml court-martial, to the prescriheet officer. .
iZ) A confirminJ:t authorilr to whom a catc is reported under sub-section U)
m::., if it does not cOllfinn the fimJillg, t.",ke steps to have the accused pen;on
trieJ hr the "arne or another court-martini for the offence with which b<: was
oriein..l1ly chareed.
(3) A prescribed ((lieet to whom a case is reported umler sub-section (IJ
and a confinnil'a anthorily cOllfinnb"g a findinSl in My case 10 reported to him
shall ord", the accn~d person to be kept in custody ill the prescribed manner,
and shall report the case for the Qrders of the President 0{ the Union,
(4) On receipt of;'l report uncler stlb~ction (J) or sub,~ction (3), the
Preslclent of the Union rna}' order the accused per~ to bf! dCbined in a lunatic
asylulU or other !Uit.'\b1e rJacc ('I( So,\{e em,todl'.
(5) Where all accnsed ptrsc)ll, h:n'inll been found b}' l"ea!>On 0{ unsoundllCSS of
mind to I.e incapable of m:lkillf:l: his defc!nL'f', is in cllstod}' or nnder deteution, the
prescribed officer ml}'- .
(a) if such person i!l in cnsto<1}' under snh-section (J). on the report of a
medical officer that he is cap.'\hlc of makinJ,! hit defence. or
(b) if stich penon is detained under suh-srction (4), on a certificate 5tlch-M
is referred to in section 473 olthe Code of Cnlllini\1 ProcectUrf'1
tOlke steps tt'J ha\'c such person tried hy the !lame or another cour(marlial for the
offence with which he was oriJtin:tlly charf:l:cd or, provided th...,t the <ffence is a
ch'il offence, by a criminal Court,
(6) Where any person is in cnstoclr, undt-r sub.section (,f) or lIndtr detentioll
under slIhsedion (4',-
(11) if such persOIl is in custody under suhsection (3). on the report of n
medkal officer, or
(6) if slich pcr~n ia detninecl lIncler 5ubsecUon (4), on :\ certific:\te ftom
:\nyof the allthoritieN empowered to ~r:\llt n certillcntc under llCction
473 of the Code of Crimi nOli Pro(:edure,
th:\t, in the judgment of such officer or nuthorit}" such peraon may be relensed
without dat'~er 01 his doine injlll'Y to himsell or to :l.nr other person, the Presirlent
of the Union mny theretlpon order such person to be rcle:lscd. 01' to lie detnined
in cudod}', or to be transft:rred tn a public IUllntk asylum if he h:ls not been
already sent to such an asylum. .
(71 \Vhere any relative or friend of anl' (lel's':)n who is in custody under ,ub-
section (3) or under detentiol1under sub.section (4) dt'airt's thOlt he 5hall be
delivered to his: care and CllSlody, the President of the Union may, IIpon the
apptlcOltion .of such reb,tiv:, or friend nnd on his giYin" securit}' to the s.'\tisfaction
of the President of the UlIlon thnt the person c1elinred sh~lI-
(n) he' pro,:erly t;lken (";lre of ;lnd prevented from doh,'l; injurr to him5C1f or
to an)' other person, nnd
(#I) he proonced for the inspection of such Clfficer, and at such times and
. p1acu, as the Pre-;ident o{ the Union rna}' direct,
order snch person to he delivered to such relatin or friend,
(B) A cOp}' of evet'}' orcttr made hy the JlfClCribed officer 'mder sab..section
($) ahall forthwith be stnt to the 1'r'esident of the Union.
 BltrllltJ Au For (Diro/tli"r). 147
119. II) Wilen ~IlY person subject 10 tbis Ad h:l.s be~n ChllVickcl by:l. court. Fanlonl loW
m.utiJJ of all)' offence, the President of the Union or the prescribed (.fficermay- 'C&lIiuiua..
(II) eitlu:r WiUlout conditions or upon an)' conditiollS "'hith the penon
sentenced accepls, pardon the person or remit the whole or any part
of the punbhment :l.warded ; or
(b) mitieate the punishment awarded, or commute such punishment for
:In}' less punisllment or punishment, mcntion~ in this Act.
(2') If au)' condition on which a peNCil has been pardollrd or :l. punishment
has been remitted is, in the opinion of the authority which wanted the pardon ()('
remitted Ihe punishment, not fulfilled, soch aulhorit} may canc:ellhe pardon or
remission, ;md thereupon the sentence of the court shall be carried into errect as
if such p;lroOJl had not bern gmntrd or loch punishment had not bfen rl milled:
Provided Ihat, in IIle c:ase of a penOn lientenced to imprisonment, such petIOn
sh:lll undergo on1)' the unupired porticn of his 1enlence.
(JJ \\'heu nnder the pnwisions of ~echoll 22:l non-commis.,ioned eRicer is
deemeel to he rrduced to the r:mJ:~ snch redlk'tiofl Skill, for the purpose of this
section, be lrt:lled as :l punishment awarded I.l)' sentence (If court-martial.

CHAPTER IX.
EXECUTION OF SENTINelS AND DISPOSAl. 0' PaOPERTY.

~ I O. In ,lwardinlt a sentence of dC:lth a courtmartial shall, in ii, discretion, SertClllC 01

de~Ilt,.
direct that thc offender !thall suffer <lenth hy !>tins hanced by lhe neck until he be
(\C:I(', or shall suffer de..th by hein,:t shot to (kath.

III. Whencver an)' person is scntenced undrr tllis Act to imprisonment, the Commence
term of Ids sentence Ilhall, whether it hns been revised or not, be rcckone!! to ",ellt of
5elltcn~e of
commencc on the dar on which the oriain:ll proceedings WcTe lIil{ncd by tile imprllon-
Iil"rsiclcnt. ment.

112. Whenever any sentence of imprisonment is p:lRSed under this Act, or Exce:utilln of
IClltCllle of
whenever any senteLlce so p:lssed is commuted to imprisonment, tbe cClmmanding lmprilon.
officer of the pel'~on under sentence, or such other officer as mOlY be prescribed, me'll.
s)lallforward a warmnt in lhe prescribed form to the officer-in.charge of lhe civil
prison in which such person is to be confine,', and shall fon~:l.rd him to .och
prison with the warrant:
Provided that, in the case of a sentence of imprisor.ment for a period not
elceeding three months, the confirminj:! authority, or in the case of a ~ntence
which does not require confirmation, lhe court, rna)' dir~ct lhat the Mntrnce ~hal1
bt carried onl hi' COl,finement in air force cuslodY :
r'ro\'ided Inrther lhal on acth'e service a sentence of imprisonment may be
~rried out hy confinement in such places as the officer comm:lnding Ihe forcet
In the field mn)', from time to time, appoinL

II!. Whenever, in the opinion of the Officer ~ommandinlt the Burma ~ir ElIOCIIlioa 0
Force, any senteuce or portion of a sentence of imprisonment rnn.~t, for ~ial KnteM:Cof
i",prhon
rulOnS, con"enientl}' be carried out in accordance with the pcO,"ISlons of seellon ment ill
112,.SllCh officer m..' y direct th:l.t such sente-nCe or portion of sentence shall be .pedid
earned out by confinement in an)' civil prison or other fit place. a",.
 148

!::"tc"ti\"I' of 1.... \Vhl,'o any sentence of ddl'ntiOll is p.'\sscd undl'r this Act lIr wlu~n JD\'
,a,lm,c of :ic"klln~ so r;l~l"ll i) COllllllU\l'r1 to rltll,'llti"ll, lhe punishment ~hall tit l',VI it'd C'td
IId~'\Iti'.l,
b)' dct;,inillt,: the offender ill ;lIlY Illili;.ll"}' ...r air for..:e detention oorr;:..:ks. cldm.
lion cells or othtt mi1i11u)" or airforce custody,
C-nmuniC3- liS, WheneVt.f;lO orl1er is (Inl)' made under Ihi" Act seltin.::\!\idc or l'ilT)iog
lhll"" :1.11)' ~~nlel\(:c, ordel' or \\':lrrant 111l(l<'r
whidl :l.n)' ~n ill C'Ontined in :l chil
(erhin
nnlen I'ri~on. :l W:lIT;lIlt in ;lc\'Ord;u.e(' with!Inch order $hall he fM\\':l.rded hr the
lodlil prescribed (lffil,:er 10 the (lflk('rinclm~e d the pril<'n in .ilich snrh person is
f\1iSOll \'OI,fined.
oII\cerl.
OOcuocn 116. Where J stnknl'l= o{ Ir:lllsporbtil 11 is imJ'lCkcd I ya courtm:arliJ.1 uOOn
.rn'~.ll1 sedioll 51, til(' \ ffender, until 11\' i) tr.msrort\'d, shall he dt'all with in tbe Amt
10 tnn..
rortatioa
manna as if he had betll ~Iltenced 10 ri,orOts imrrisollll1flll. ;md shall ~
110".. d:"111 llerme.l to !Ia,'e been underlainI,': !Ii!~ stDtence of tr:'ln!lrort:l.linn durinJ! the term
withllnlil of hi~ imrorisonmenl.
IDIl'l"lI"lt'd.
E~tc ,ti\ln ,\I 111. When:l. ~lltellet oflillt is im~l:d 1w :l c"llrl-martial onder stction 57.
te tlnlccl,l( whf'lher lhl' tri;ll \\-:1" held \\ilhiu lhe l'niul of Bunn:l. nf not, :'I C(\flr of ~lC"h
liI:t.
!'Cillo lICl', si~llrd :lnd \'(~rtilicd by Ihl' 1'n.~il!(,lIt f'f Ihe l'(\l1l1 or lhe ('ffieer hnlding
the lri:II,;l1 the \-:lSC nuy h(', mly he ~tlll 10 :'Iny >'b}!:;~trate in Ille Unt<tn N
BlInn;l, and ~lll,:h ;'I1a~ist,.:ate shalltherl'1\p<'n cauSt the fine to be rtl"CJt'\.'rtd in
:\\l'or(bnce wilh the rrcl\'isioM of lhe Corle of Crill1in:l.1 f'roctdure fOT the la,-
nf nnes:!s if it \\':I.~ n srntclIt'l" of fine illlro!:ed hr stich ),(aahlr:ue.
Ordtf r,lf 118, II) Aflrr the I:onelnsion (\f a trbl hdon~ all~' collrt.marti:d.the COlirt or
dbl'<\!l~1 the :lIlthnrilr CouflOlling it~ fitll'in~ f'r Sf..'nklh'C, ('Ir :IllY :'Illthorilr ~lll\l'rior to sueh
of rT,,\'C',I~ :l.lllilfwity. (\f, ill th(' l':'ISt" of:t lindinJ: or ~l'llll'nce \\hil'h d(){"~ not reqllire,cCln
,tg;udinJ:
whid,."''1l."\' linl1:'1tiM, th.: nfticer cnmm:\ndillJ.! lill' IInit within \\'hkh the tri:ll W;t~ held, m:ll'
c-llnll"lle<!. 1Il:ll:(' ~llch order :IS it nr he Ihi1\l:~ fit for the t1ispol>.11 br l\cslruction. \('uliJ;C;llion,
dcli\'err to :'IllY pcr~ll c1aiminJ: to he I.'lltillrd to pos;eilsion Ihe. eof, OT oth('rwi~,
of :tllY \lrorert~' or <IOCUmi'lit produced befoft the court or in its Cll,tooy, or
reJ:ardinl!: which :In\, offence ;lppears to h:l\'e heen committed or which has been
nsell for the ~ommission of ;III)' rffencr,
(Zl Where :tn}' (nlcr ha!l hren iliadI.' muter ~lIblle('lion (J) in l't~recl of
rrol'trty!"('g.'lrdinl! \\ hid, ;'Ill df\'lH:e al'l=c,'lr!llo h:tre bel'lI c('mmiUnl, :I COl') of
'u.;h ortler siJ.!nl11 and .'erlilied b~' tht :Illthorit~ makinJ: Ih(' !l~mc mar, whethrr
the tri:ll "'as held within the [nion of HIlI"t1l:'l or nol, he sent to :I. A{a!-!is(r;1te ;n
,lny dlSlrict in which ~\lch ~rol'('rty (or the time- hrilll: is. :l.1It! snd, ~bJlistr:'lte sh:tll
thereupon C:l.l1SC 11ll' order to tx' c.urierl ill to dfett :'lS i! it \\':111 :lll order pmed
hy ''ll'h M;ll.ti~tr:l.le Illlcler the rro\'isiolls of the COlle ('I{ Criminal l'rocellure.
J:'.rNllllali",.-11l this sel'tion, the krm " properlr ,. incl'I(Ie~. in the case of
proprrty regJrdillJt whid, all (lffelt..:e :lPI'tars 10 h;l\'e \>te'll commilled, not onl)'
slld' rrol"ot'rly ;IS h;ls heen ori~in .. ll~' in the poS!ltSSirll ('II' nllcler lhe COlltrol of :l.nr
~':lrtr hul abo all)' rrllpe:-ly intn or fnr whid, lite ~.1me lll.1y have' he...n 'llwrted
nr esch:l.Illl,t'<I, ;Inri an),thin~ aC'juirrd "r such con\'e~iou or <xo.:h:ln~e whether
immt'lliltclr or o:herwi!<C,

CHAPTER X.

SPECIAl. RUlES RF.r.ATINO TO PUSClNll "'SO PROPWTY,

Comrbl"lt ~19. (J) If an officer of the Burma Air Forte thinb him!lelf \\Tonj:led hy hii
:llainsl COI\\IU;lndinJ! ('ffietr, or other ~llpc',ior officer. :l.nd ('n fIne ;lppliealioll made 10
IIlJltfior hi.~ (,M'lm:l.nrlinj:l officer does not reetive the red~ to which he m.l\' consider
"""".
and ~nna. hinl~H tntitlerl. he m:l\" compbin to the Presi.!enl (II lhe eden in order to
obt:ain iustice.
 B"""tI Air F(JT(~ (Dikitli"tl. 149
(1) If "ny airm:m thinks himself wronJ.!cd in an~' m'lller tty all)' offil,.Yr olh('(
th,n the officer umkr whose command or orders he is semlli'!, or b\' :1lI)' airman.
he lIl;!.r ~omplain therl,.'O{ to the officrr lIIult'r wltOSl: l'ornn\;lnd or orden he is
$Cmll~. a!ld if he think; him~1f \HollJ.!ed br the officer mulcr whose cnmm;ulIl or
orden he is acr\'iuJ.!. either in rClirttt of his l't'lnphint not l'tillJ: mlrl"l\.'il'tl or in
respe.:t of any other nmlter, he m..lY l'omphill thtrl'Oflo his l'Omlliandilll:, llnicer,
:md if he thinks himseli wronged h~' his ,,:omm..'l1Iling oflker, l'ilhrr in ~sJ1l.'Ct
of his complaint not ~inJ: rl,.'dresscd or in respect of an}' othrr m:tlter. he 1n:IY
comrlain therl'Clf to th~ J"l""Cribed "fticrr ; ;u'd r\'no)' otlil't:r to whom :l COmo
painl is made in pllr"..' n.. .e ol tbis section shall Cluse $llI:h complaint 10 be
inquire..l inlo, and shall, if on in"IUirr he is s"lisli.:d of Ihe juS(k'c (If Ihe com,
phint so IU:l.de, lake sudl ~Ieps as mar be llt."\:USitI) (oc 1(1\il1j.( full reuras to
lhe .;Nllplaill"nt in rc::ip:d of the 1n.,lIer cClmplained of.

120. U) No pre.,ident or lIll:'mlJer of a court-rnarlial, no jllll),(' ad\'OCale, no Pririle(Cs of

plrt) to ;\11\' procel::ding btlorl:::J. court-nllrli.:tl, or his lej.(;'l) prOldiliOlu'r or ~(:nt, r'1'J<ln~
;md 110 willles~ ;'ldiu.: in o~~lienl,.'t: to a ~lIt1!mons 10 attcnd:\ COII~I-marli;~11 dl"ll. ~~!:;;~mg
while prOl:eedlllj.( tu, alll:'lI(hnlo! 011 or rdurnlll~ from a court-marh;,I, he h:INc 10 .....,ti:tl.
;arrrst under d\"il or r,,"Cllllt rrocess_
(t) If :lny slieh "",rsoll is arre~led under any such rrOl'l:'IS,ll1: m;l)' be dis-
(ha~'ed by Ndcr o( Ihc c.~url-m1rtial.

121, (l) No om.. .

t:r or pcr~n cnro''':d in the Bunn" Air Jo~OI\'e lilmll he li"hle El-"P'ill'l
to l-e arresle~l for debt under an)' process iUII('t' hy, or h)' the ;Ullhority (If, ;\11)' Ir,,,n arrest
fur debt
ch'il or re"enut' Court or reveuuf'-flflker.
(1) The jlld~e of anr such Court may examine into an)' cOl\1pb,int nlMlc by
such person or his superior offi~r ('If tIL.. . arrrst o( s;l.. . h rerson conlrar)' to the
pn1\'is;ona of this Soectiflll. :i.nd m"y, hy w;,rrant IlIltler Iii!! hand, <'isdlarge till::
pt'TSOll, :md award rea!!tlnahle costs to the (olllplain:lnl, who 111;'1)' recon!' IhoSl.'
.. o~ls in likf' manner as hf' miJ:ht ha\'e n'~o\'er~d costs aw;mled to him h\'" tll'Ct'ee
ag"inst Ihe pqsfln ohl"ininJl: thr pl'oce:os. .
(J) For the recovery of such costs no fee ,h,,11 he p,lyahle to the Courl l,y
lhe eomp\aillanl.

122, Neither Ihe arms, dolhl's, ""Iuil,melll, a(l.'Olllr~'l1ll'llls or m',,'nsari'5 01 1'1"1'<"1,

any pi. rSOll suhject to Ihis Ad, nor any allimll I1s~'d i-y him f(ll' th.., (lis :ha"J,(~' of ",xcmplc,1
~UJ,h
his dill)', shan ht.' slil.. . ' .. UM shall Ih ray alld alloll"llIcl'S of lInY Slid, I~ r";111 ('f IIfmlll
e.. 1.
any par: Ih~rcol l\e allach~'II, by t]ir dioll of al'Y l'i"il or r~WllUC C{'ul'tor allY
h:n:llnl'_\ Ok!;"r, in satisfaciioll of .a Uf thr!.'.., or ortler l:'1I(01'l.'t arl~' against him.

123. Ewry person .....IOllJ:il1l: 10 Ihl' BhMlla Air }o'on:e R"s:n'~' ~hall, wh..'n ,\J.plle~li"'lI
call...ll Oullor or l'uj"ra.:cd upou or rdurnillJ: from Irainin1! or s':"'i!:t', lx' t"ulilbl I" r... cr\i~I',
to all the I ril"iI"'J:t s accorded hy sediolls 111 allli t 22 10 a pI.'fS')n suhkcl to Ihi~
Ad.

12. (1\ On thl:' rres 'Illation to any C(\Urt ,"y I r 011 hl:half of any 1....f3"l1l Prj"rity of,
he~rj"l: bj
sl!b;ed to this Axl (l{ a "-lTl:I1('ah', (rom tt>!. l'fOlICr air f"n"t' aulhfl(';ly, Clllut... cof Cuurbof
abs-"n,,:.. haTin;: hel'll J:r2llkl1 to or al>l'lil'd rnr (,Y him Inr lIN.' ~lIrpClS~~ roI (;oH.,i"
PTl'S\.,:ulinJ! ( f Ild~n<lillJl allY snit or olh..'r rroct~:d;llJ! in sl:Ch Court, til..' Coui'l .bie'l rer
shall, On the apJlk"lioll of slJl:h rersol1. arl"2n~"'1 50 far as lillY n.... !,1'!tSihle fllr th~ JOI,nll,/'jrd
hrarin~ and finall1i~~~1 of sm h 511'1 or olhrr prOl.'<'tllinj:! within Ih,: periNI OIl ro I'lil .'tt
~rt t'l!I-
1I11.: kaTe 50 W;'In""d or a?I-'Ii....t1 ior. "-tOled.
121 The crrtil1\'atl' {rrull th(' i_rop'r air (on'e aUlhority shall s1ale Ih(' firsl
inti last day ollhe le2\-e or inlentll~lltavcand set (orlh a ..lts.T'i,.lion oi the cal;
..ilh respect to which the Ic-av~ was io.rrJnkd or a~&-lied for.
 150 Burma Air Force (DiICJpline)"
(3) No floe shall he rayable to the Coul'l in respect of the prrsciltation oi any
such cntillcate, or ill rrsj:.cd of any application by or onochalf of any such person
lor prirrily fur the !H:aring of his caSl:.
(4) Whrn:: the Comt is ullable to arran!~e for the hcal'in~ and.final disposal of
thr Sllit or other prol'ccclillg within the period of such leave 01" intcndcd leav..: 2S
af(lresaid, it shall rl'l'0rd its reaSon!; for ha'"illl! lJel'1I unable to do so, and shall
rause a corY thereof to be furnishl'd to stich pl'I'SOl1 on his apilkation without
allY rayl11l'nt whakyc!' by him in respect rithcr of the applkatioll forSll\;h copy
or of till' e0l-Y itsdi.
lS, If in any case a question arises a!; to the proper air force authority
qualified to grant such l'lTtificate as aforesaid, such question shall be at once
l'l:lerred ~y the Court to an cflieer commalldin/o: a unit, whcse deci~ioll shall be
tina!.

Propert\" Qr 125. The fol1o\\'in~ rule~ are euac!,cd rl.:speding the disposal of the ~.roperIY
.Iccc~St:d of tl'ClY Vt:'SOIl sulljed 10 this Act who t1ie~ or deserts:-
pcrsQn~ and
descrtcrs, {H The l"Ollllllall(;ing oflieer {If the unit to whieh the llect'asetl ])\'rSon or
deserter hlloll;.:e{l ~hall SeLUl'e all the moveable property belongin/o: 10
the dcceasl'(l or (llsstel" that is ill l'am]) 01" tluartcrs, and cause all
illVl'lltory thl'reof to be mack, and liraw anY r.ay and allowallees due
to such pl:rSOIl"
(2) In the cas.: 01 a (Ieel'ascd pellOll who has left in a GovernmclJt savings
batik finduding all)" post offin' sal"illl!s l'ank, however l1all1tcl) a
ekposit 110t cXl"ecdili~ Olll' thou~alld rupc~s, the cOlll1lJ2J1<linl' efficer
may, if h l : thinks fIt, require Ihe sene1ary 01' other proper <ffl.l:ial of
t hc bank to I ay the deprsitto him fori lmith, tlOlwith'ltandll1~anylhing
in any dq-a'llllcuial rilles, allll after the layment tht"l'fof in
aecl'1"dal1l.:l' with Slll"il requisition, 110 rersoll ~hall have any right In
resped oflhe deposit cx(ept as hereinafter pl"lwided.
(3) In lhe ,-as,: of a dCClaseli persun whose represt'ntati,'e it; on the spot
ami hai ~i"en sel"llrity fur till" paYment of the sen"ice or uther dchts
ill r:lllli' ur qmrlers (if allY) of the deceased, the l'ollllllallliing offiler
shall dc1inf U\'l.'r an)" prOiJCr\y l"l't'ei'"ed ul1c!e1" clauses (I) ami (2) to
that rejJl'c:1t'nlatiw,
(4) 111 the (a~e oi a l:elxagcll person whose estate is not dealt with ulldH
clause (3), and in the rase of any deserter, the rommanding ofl:ka
shall (ause the 1II0\"l'ablc properly to bt sold hy public auction, and
sh:lll ~ay the sen"ice and othl'\" tkilts ill ramp ot" qual'lrl's (If any),
allll, ill thc lase uf a decta~cd {i\'rsol1, tht: eXp{'IISrS of his fum:ral
l.:cremollies, from the proceeds of ,he sale and from any pay and
allowanccs drawn under daust. (J) aull (rr'm the amount of lhe
llepos;l (if any) received ulJ(~er dause (2),
(5) Thc surV1us, if any, sl,all, in the rase of a dectased pel"SOn, be paid 10
his 1"eprestnlati\"c (if any), or, in thc ev~ltt of 110 claim to ~uch sur~,lus
bl:ing es!ablistlcd withilllweive months after thc <leath be rcmilled
to the preS\,.'dbetl ~el'S(lll, ' _
(6) In the rase of ;) deserter, the surJ.lu~ Of any) shall be forthwith
rcmitk{\ to tltt' prts..:rilwd perS('l1l and shall, Oil the l"xpiry (If three
years tWill lhe c!at~ of his dcsertion, be fortcikd to the Go\"eI"I1I11Cut,
Imkss the deserter shall in thc mtan1ime I;a\'c surr{'llr!ered or been
a pprehclllkd,
E.\'~I.IIIQlioll,-A yerson ~hal1 hl' de~l1\ed to he a descrkl' wilhinthe Illeaning
of this St.'dioll who has wilhcut authority o.:ell.absent irOlll llllly fOJ" a l=eriod oi
hn:nt)".Qne days and has not subsequently sun"endered or l::etn apprehfm:ed.
 III
126. Properly deU,erable ami money pa)'able to the rtpre,enlJli"e of a Di u10f
dccwt:d persOli under section12~ may. if the lolal vllue or amount thereof dOl:S :f:.J11
not e.'Ccccd one thousand rupees, and.if the prucril>ed pmon thinks lit, be: rr,"1lertr
tlclin:n:d or pJid to any person appearing to him to be entitled 10 reccin it or 10 ~'I":1l,l1 pro-
administer the estate ?f. the ~1e\:easct!1 without rt..'t\uiring the production oi all}' r~':C:, eft.
prooo.tc.lctters of administration, cerhl1cale or olher such conclusirc evidl'nl:C of
title; anti such dcliv~y or pl~11\cnt sh~lI be a full dischar~e to those ordering or
mking the 5.1me and to the G.lvernment from all further liability in respect of
the property or money i but nothing in this scetiOb shall aff~"CL the ri~hls of an)'
uecutor or administrator or other representati"e, or of ;Ulycrcditor, of a decel)Cd
~rson ,lgainst au}' person to whom SlJ1.:h dt~i\"c:ry or JXl}'fficut hill been made,

127, The provisions of section 125 shall, so folf a~ tht)' ~an hi: m"de applic Al'PlicaUQI(
ablc, apply in the 1::l5e of a person subject to Ihis Ad becominJ: ins.:ane, or, who, 10 hlll.lia
btin~ ou aclive sCl'\"ke, is officilily rtported miuiuJ:: ::~rn::
Provided thai, in the c.'Uc of 01 person so n:porkd lIIissin~, no actioll 111;111 be ;lCU~e
t.lkell under suhse::ctious (!) 10 (5), inclusive, of thc Solid SC\:tion, unlil one year has ICf'YICCo
d:lp:;c::d from the datc:: of such report.

CHAPTER XI.
SUPPLUIENTAL.
128. (1) The President of the:: Union may make rules for the vtIrpose of Powtt III
C31T)'iul.: into effcct tile pro\'isioll~ of this Act, m'ke rule..
(Z) In particular, and without prejudice to the ~enerality d the forcgoinR
power, such l'ull's may provide:: for-
(a) the dischar,..(e from the service of perSOll~ subject 10 this Act;
(b) the spedlication of the punishmenLs wllich Ill.l)' bc OIwartlell a5 field
punishments under sections 20 ;111::1 24; ,
(c) the ilsscmbly :lIId procedure of courts of ill\luiry, and till' administration
of oaliis or ;lftirm;llions by such conrts ;
:d) the convcninl.: anti conslitutin~ of l.:ourLsnmr\i;lI;
.) the adjournml'ld, disStilulioli ;llld sitlill~S of courlsmartial ;
(/1 Ihe procedure Lo be oh~erH~d ill lrials by courtS l1w(j;11 ;
o

(~) the confirnutiou :l1Id revision of the:: fiudillJ,(s alld St:lllCllCea of courts
martial;
(II) the carryinl-: into effed scntences of courts-martial; .
(i) the forms of orders to be made unlier the provisions of this Act rclalinl.(
to cO~lrtsll1artial and hllpOson1nt:nl ; .
ijl the constitution I)f authotitics to decide for what perSOIl" to what
amounts ami in WII1I manner, provif>ioll should he Iftlcle for
dependants umler section 28, and the due c:lrf}'int: out oi such
dcdsioos ; and
(U au)' matter in this Act directed to, be Pf'CSl:ribed.
fJ) All rllles lUa Ie uuder this Act shall be puhlished ill lhe oli :i.11 GaUlle,
and,OII slll.:h liuhlil'alion, ~hall h:ll'e effect a"t if tn:lctCII in this Act.
152

THE BURMA NAVAL DISCIPLINE ACT.

CONTENTS.

~"'OfIS.
J. Commencemenl
PART I.
AnICLi;;S OP \V,,".

2. F.lcilitieos lor the performance of reliJ:ious duti~s.

3. Penalty for misconduct in action
.... l'ell;tHy for not pursuinJ,( lhe entmy,and of not Ol ..sistiug il frieud in ,iew.
5. !'en;llt}' for <h:la)'in~ or discour:tgillg the St':l'Vke or desertin~ his post, etc.
6. I'emlly lor mi~ondud of snbot'dinalc ollkcrs and Dl(n in ao:tion.
COlllllluniulialu Jl:jI1~ lI.e ,feIllY.
7. P(lI;llty lor $ric~.
8. P(nahy lor correspondln~.etc, with the en(lI1y.
9. Pen;dty for improper (ommonication with the: enem}'.
.\'e~led 0/ July.
10. Penalty ior ab.mdoning po.. t, etc.
J[IIU"J.
"II. Penalty for mutiny accompanied hy acts of ,iC'llencc.
I Z. I'cnillt)' for mutill\' not :~ccomp;tnied h)' acts of viclenc~.
13. Pen;tlt\, for illcitill~ to lIluliny.
14. Pl:tl:llt~
I"r o:i\'ili:tns t.'ndeil,olllin~ to seduce from allfgianct',
15. I'eualt) (,'r 1Il.1kin/ot mutinous assemblieos or utlerinl-: u'ditio;IS ,,'ords.
16. I'cnaltr fur concealillg <Illy trailorons or mutinous praclict:, design, Of
wordf.
17. Punishment (or strikin\t or atl cmpling I') .. trike, etc., )UperiOl' oJlicrr.
!lIs"boYl";"dll.,,,.
18. Peon",I'y for d ...obedicnce or usjJl~ lhre;\tellill~ lan)t.uaJ,:e to upericr t H"t.t:r.
19. Penally for quarrelling, etc., or usinl: reproachful , ~peedl or gt:~tLlrcs.
!ks<rIiOj' dllS .bJ~lIu WillhJflI J."UK.
20. f't:1I;,It)' for desertion.
21. Pen;llty lor indllciue ;any prrso/l to dt:serl,
2~. Penah)' for eulerl;linin..: it deserter.
:!]. Penalt) fur brcakinlt out of shiro
1". Pendt) forahsellce without leaw.
25. fo'orfeiture of effecls lor ab:>euct: without le.we.
16, l'en;\Ity fo,)r assisting. ttl'.. de~rtion.
27. Peflllt)' lor prrsnading to desertion, etc.
JIiSCt/la1flOlli aj}ellus,

18, PCII;llty for sweari,.~ and other imm0r.11itiu.

29. Pen3lty on eSker tor l'ruc1ty or oppc~on.
 153
Stc/IOftJ. .
30. Penalty for sufferio.", ships or airerah to be improperly lost.
31. Penaltr (or not taking care of and defending ships wider COIlVO}',
31. )la~ter of merc,;hal1t "f'CS!M:1 to abe}' orders of collvo)'inJ: officer.
33. l'enaUy for lilklnw any goods on board other than for the use of the.
"clSel, except gol<l. silver, jewels, etc.
3t Penalty for embezzling public ,Ion."$.
35. Penalty lor burning any m.'Jluinc or vessel, ek, not belon (ling to an
enemy. .
36. PenallY for m..king or 5igllina (lise mus'en.
37. Penalty for misoonduet in ho::.pil1l;
38. I't nally for cndeavourinw to lilir up any diifaroonce on account of
UDwbotesomenm at tbe Yictualli or cUler just a:rounds.
39. Penall)' for 110t ICndilli to tbe Government all papcn found aboard prize
ships.
40. ltendty for taking money or olher effects out of any prize before the .., me
lihall be condemne-d.
41. Penalty (or strippi or iII.u,in~ penons taken all board as prize.
'*2. Penalty on ..:omrmtnc1el'f c:apturinil as prize by collusion or collusively
reltOrill~ ships or aooda.
43. PenallY {or breakinit bulk on board prize ahipwith a view to embezz.lement.
'*4. Pcn::t1.y (or Oences ag.'\illst nawl discirline not p:lrlicularly mentiolled.
5. Crimet to be punished :ilccordiflg to bws and customs in ute.
Ob.IKII ".iJllabl. by Ordi,., lAw.
"'6. Penalty (or offences punishable by ordinary la.w.
of7. Offence when punishable.
'*8. Prmisions where offender bu c:ell~d to be labject to the Act.

PART II.
G......L PRovIIIO...

"9. Power o( courtm lrlial to lind intent with which offence committe'!.
SO. Power o( court.~,rtitllo fin'l prisoner guilty of lesser alienee on charge
of ",-eater. .
51. Rebel. and mutinellrs to be deemed enemit:l
52. Power to arrett oBendeno.
53. PenallY (or uot auistinll in detection of prisoners.

!'ART III.

5-4. Punisbment.
5~.Prtmsions as to inftiction of punishments.
56. Limit=-tinn n{ time for' trhll.
57. Scalf' nt pllni~hmf'lnt.
58. Allthoritie~ having power to try offence!'.
59. Forlelture of lime or seniorit).
60. Trial oi. di.::er for disclplinlry offences iu lilDe o{ war.
154
PART IV.
COUJ~TS~lAUTIAU
StcliollS.
Co,utitutio,. 01 Cour/sJJarUIJl.
61. Constitution of courts-martial.

Prouedings 01 CO..,hA/drtial.

62. Where courls-martial 10 be helel.

63. As to time of sillings of conrt-marli:ll.
64. Appointment of offidatill~ jllcl~e advocate.
65. Proc~t:din~s at trial.
66. Oaths to be administered to members of courlsm.,rti:d.
67. O.,th~ to be administered to judJ,le ;'l{h'ocate, etc.
68. POWt'f to President to make artlers for proct:dure :anti vractke 01 courts-
martial.
69. SllllllllOni1J~ WitlH:SSCS.
70. I'cually on perSCllS ~i\'in~ false evidence.
71. \Vherc persolls are ills... nc at the time of o(ft'lICC or trial.
72. l~eport of proceedings of courts-marlial to be transmilled.
73. Evidence of rank. etc., of (fiLers.
73,\. Power of confirming CffiCl'f to miti&::lte, remit or commute sentences.
730. Rl'\'ision of fiudilll: or scntem:e. .
73c. Sllbstitution of a v:did 11ndin;.t or ~ntcncc for an invalid IImlinl: or
sentence.
7.... Trall~pOrlatioll or' impl'i~onmcnt of offenckl' alrcady uncler sentencC for
prc"ious offcnce.
75, Tcrm and placc of imprisonment.
76, Power to susJ'Cnl1 sentences.
77. Phce of impri!>Onmcnl may he challJ.:ed. etc.
78, Expensc'i of remo\-:l.1 01 subsistence of pri~r<nera.
79, I'rllviso for llischarge or remoY;ll of prisoHers.
80, I'ro\'iso as to lime of d~tcllti()n ill nwal ctlstodr,
81. III \::l'ie of ins:lnity prisolll'rs to be rcmovc,1 to some hlllalic asylum.
82, Tne Prc:iitl~nt m;IY sel :\part l>llildil;~s and ships as IIw.1I prisons.
83. PCOlalties on aidilllo! cse.lJ)e or ,lttempt to esc:tpe of prisoners ami on breach
of prison rq~ubliolls,
8.... I\:ll;llty as telo: mls ~;Iokrs.etc.

PART VI.
85. PersOns subjcct to this Act.
86, L'llId and air forces emb.lrked as plsseng-=rs.
117. Other rt.:r=;ollS emhttkcd as PlsSCIl~crs.
88, Pr .)viSlons n:spedio1! dis.:.iplinc in ships ill 11.1'''.11 sen'ice in war.
89. Rd.ltkm. h=twccn milit;uy. nlY.11 :tntl air forces acting together,
90, Crews of ships IOit or dcstroyed.
91, All the office ~ 0111:1 crew of lost sll;p m.y b~ tri~d by one courf.
9~. Ch' Iw s~'p:lr"tc conrt.
93, 1-\)1" ~ II~ lllent oi.....ll<:e, s;."p'lr3t~ Caliri,
'J". 1':;1)' of cr~ws of ship~ lost or taken,
113. W.len ship of selior offi ;~r is \oil he may disPOi:= of offi.:ct'$ and ere'\' of
10lt ship,
 IlS
StcliDns.
96. Restriction on :unst or S.:atnCll, elc., lor debt.
97. Vischarj..IC:'frolll arrtsl.
98. Liabrtity of sC:.llnl:!l, dc., for lIlainten~nce of wives and cl:ildrtn.
9J. Power to make rules.
99.\. Power of dismi$Sdl.

PART VI/.
SA.VING CLAUSE.

IOJ. Act not to supersede authority of ordinary Courts.

SCHEDULE.-TABU SnOWING RILATIVI HANKS.

THE BtIIlMA NAVAL DISCIPUNE Aer.

(BUR,l,IA Act LXXXf, J9~7.J (24th December, 1947,)
It is hercb)' enacted 3:i follows :-
I. Thi$ Ad shall come iato force on sm.:h dale I as the: I'rcsidl.:nl o( the e.-e-
Union m:I)', by notification in the Gazette, aJ'lPOint. "".L

PART I.
AanCLts 01' WAit.

P"bU, ",o~hi,.

2. All offictn in camm md of ships of the Burma Navy shallilive reasona t'Jeililiu
ble fadlitks for the performance of rdij.lious duties b)' the cflker~ au(llllemhers for the per-
of the: crews of their respective shi~ to each man accordinl: 10 his rdigi(lli. form;.lIe" uf
nllgi'lll'
Il\IIiQ.
Miscol/Ju<"l i/' tf.~ Prtst"" 0{ tile ElIemy.
Pl'l1~llyfOl'
milC'liltJud
in;diII'L.

I 24th Duember 19H.-s.:c IIllrHl. (;a;IIJt, 1941. Part I. p.MS.

 156
P~ndh\' for 4, Every officer subject to this Act who fails to pursue Ihe chase of any
1101 rlllr.iuin;,: enemy, pirat~, or rebel, ~aten or Aying, or (loes 1I0t relieve and assist a known
Ihe en~my,
;ll1d 01" Illlt friend in view to the utmost of his I'O\\"/;,r, or ",110 improrcriy forsal;es his :.l;llioll,
;I~istint:: " shall, if he h;,\s therdn aded traitorously, suffcr (leath; if he has actcd irom
friend in cowardicc, suffer death or :.11.:h other puuishment as is hen:inaftp,r lllenlion~(1 ;
,iew. if he has aded Irom negligence or throl.1j{h olhcl' default, shall hc (lismissed from
nav.tl selvice. wilh disj{l";lcC, or slMl1 suffer sm;h other punishment as is hereinafter
mentioned,
r (n;,II) lor 5. When any action or anr service is commande\l, evcry persall suuject to
ddt' inc I>r Lhi~ Act
who ;Illempb to delar or tlisconr.lgc Lhe said :J.dion or sen'ice upon any
llisl,;;",r;'t::ing
r",: ser~ice prt'lellct: what:."t:vt:r, or ill the I'rcsellC~ or viduity of the cnemy deserts his post
nr Ill'serlin!: or sLceps upon his wakll shall sufh:nleJ.lh or such other punishment as is
his ""st, cle. herein;lflt:1' mentioned,

I'en;llly I", 6. E\'ery person subject lo this Ad, alld 1I0! bcint.: a COLnman<linl! Olliecr
1l,iS':OlUluet who (1oes not use his utmosl excrtions to C;lro' the orders of his superior officers
01 s:l!>ordi into eX~cutioll when onkred to prcpare for aelion, or <!urint.: the ad ion, s1l;'\II, if
IMII: ",1:C<'1I
;llld men in
he Ius acted traitorousl)", stiffer death; if he has adetl fmffi eowanliec, shall
;,diulI, suffcr dc;llh or snch other ptlni:.ll1llellt as is Ilt:reinafl('r mrnlioncd i and if hl: has
ad~(1 from negligence 01' through other default, lie (lismi:.sell (1'0111 na\';11 ~~n'ice,
with tlisj{r.u;e, Ol' stlffcr sUi,;h othcr punishment as is hc('cimfter menlioned.
COIIlllIllII;C/lfiOIl$ with flie Ene",)'.

I'<:I1"lh'loT 7. All spies for Ihl: enemy shall be deemed 10 be persons snbjcd to this
~pics. Act, and shall :.uffcr de;'\th or sueh Olher punishment ;IS is hercina{kr mentioned,
l'~n"llyl"r
8. E\'t~ry pt:1'SOn suhjed to this Ad \\'ho-
c,'rr~"'I"'l' (I) traitorously holds corrcspoll(leme with or J,:i\'es intelliGt'nce to the
IIi lit::, de., enemy:
wilh the
c',cllIy. (Z) or f,lils t,) make I;ul)\\"n to the proper aulhorities any information he
IIny h;we I'e,'cive<l from the en~'l1lr :
0) or who rt'lieves the em~mr with any supplies,
shall suffer death, or sudl other p(:ni.~hment :IS is hereinafter mentione(l.

lcn.l'l~ fllr 9, Every persOIl sllbjed to this Act who, wilhout all)' tre;lchcrous inten-
inlp"'pcr holds all)' improper commuuication with the encmy, shall be dismissed with
(iOll,
n'nllll""ic;I' dis~r:ll.:e from 11:\\'al servk~, or 511111 sllffel' such olhc(' punishll\t:nt as is hereinafter
liOll wilh Ihe mentioned,
~~'elllY"
Neg/eel of .lllly,
10, Every perron sul:>j~'clto this Ad who dcscrls his post or sleeps upon
P","alhf"r his wakh, or lIcgli!:..:nlly pedorm~ the tlu:)' imposc(l 011 him, shall he dismissed
,,It;\lul,;nill'::
p,>st, ek, from n;\,",,1 se1'\i.::~1 with disgracc, Ol' shall suffer such other punishmenl as is
hel'\'inaftcr mentioned.
MUtill}',

II. Wherc mutiny is aCi,;Olnp.1nied by "iolt:llI;C, ever\' person ~lIbject to this

Pe ,,,ltv
10' mull",' A~t who joins therdll shall sdffc(' lle.lth or su..:h other punishlllt:ul as i, herein lHer
a.(lJ lI r I ';ied Ul~uliolled ; ami eren' person sulljcd to L111S Act who lives \lot l1~e his ulmOS t
ltv ad, "f exertions to SUppl'l:sss\l~h muti"r shall, if lu~ h;u adccl traiforouslr, snffer dt'ath, or
\';"Ie"ce. s\l\:h other puui!'hrnent;\> is herenuftcr mellilciled ; if 11..: has aeted from cowar-
diIT. !'hall suffer [Ir.lll..porl"tinn or ~\Ich oIh('r punishmentl' ;n is h~rc;llaflcr
nl('lltionn\; H he ha.. a.:kll fl'''111 lIe~li.l.!encc, he shaH he distll;l'~('d f,'om 1l:1\':l1
service', with disgra..:e. or suffer such other punishment as ill hereillafter nlelilioned.
I Inserted by Act I. 1953,
 157
12. Whl:L"e a mlltiny is not ;lccomp~lied by "iolt-ncc! the l'illl:leldcr or !'cII"Uyfur
ringleaders o{ ~udl lllutiny ~h:l\1 suffer death, or stK'h other pUllishml:lIt as is mulln)' nlll
;11 c mr;lIIll.'l1
hen:inahcr IIlcnti(,ned ; :md all olher IlCr~om who join in snch lllulill)', llr do 1I0l b)' ;cll ,,'
use their ulmost cxertion 10 supprts.<; the same, shall suffer imprisonment or uch Iidenee.
other PQ\'Iishmellt as ilO hereilla,her mentioned.

13. Ever)' pel"SOIl subject to thi<; Act who endeavour! 10 ~e('"ce :Iny olher rCII;l.Ur for
lnciti"ll" 10
pt.rson ~l1hjcd to IhilO Acl rrom his duty or :llIe~ianC'e to the Go\'crnmclll, rr 111"1111)'.
elide-waul'S 10 incile him to commit an)' act of mnlin)'. shall suffer dcath or Illch
other punishment a. is hereinaHer mentioned.

14. Every pel'S::I1l, not olhel'lrisc subject 10 this Act, who, bein~ 011 hc>anl IIc,,:,II)' for
allY GO\'emml'llt ship ill commissioll l endeavours to ellnce frOlll his tl1I1y or dviJi~nl
cnllravQuri"i
al1('~i:mce to the govel'nlllcnt ;lily person subject to thill Act, Shll1!O f 11' aJl repects 10 .educe
sudl offence he t1eelllec1to he a pc '~on subkct to thill Acl, amI J1hall J1uffrr clt-:llh from ~Ilq:i
or snell other pt1nishment as iJl herein:llter mtnlioned. ance.

is. Evr.ry person subject to this Ad who In lkes or enrle:'l\'(lurs to !n:lke l'cn~!hfOf
:Ill)' lllutinOlH' :lsS('lllh1r, or h:ltls or indle! any oth~r 1'lf'f'S01l to join ill :Ill)" 1Il1l1i- m~UIl,(
1I0U!! assemNy or utters a,y wordlO o( ~dilion Of mutiny, shall sliffer l trallspor. muli'"J~
)l'.'mblin
l:lliOllur such other ioIullishmelll]' :IS is hereill.,rter mt'lltiont"d. "r ulleriul:
.coliliOlII
wtlru',

I'etiall)' for
16, EVc.'r)' per~1I suhjed to this Act who wilf111h' eOllce:ll<; all\' tr:lilornnl Cfllll.e:IJIIlj(
or IlIl,tinOns practi..:.: 0;' tlesi~n or :Ill)' traitorol1~ or lllulinOIl'l wOl'dssllOken a~:linlt :,n)' tnitor-
the GO\'ertllllent , or :m)' wortl~. prlctice, or tk<;i~n tt'llllill~ to the hindrance o( tltI' or
(he sel1;ce. shall sufftr [tr:\llSpo;i.llio:1 0, <;lIcll other plllli!l!lmentl: as i!l hcrein:lfler mUlln',II'
mentioucd, pnclke,
tlesi.:n. Of
WlII"d'I,

11. E\'err p~r<;on :mhjecl to lhi" Act who slrikes or atlempls to strike, or !'U"i.hlJ'lelll
'oJr nit;nl
tlr,l\\$ or lifls lip :Ulr weapon a~ai1lJo;t, or u.. e1 or :ltleolpls 10 U!IC any \;olence (";I'klll"
:l~ainst his superior offiCl'r I whethcr or nnt silch snperior officer i!l in the ('''(Cntion lnl 10 IIdkc,
of his nffi~e, Sh,lll he p:lni~he'.l with [tr.ln'lpodllion or S.l 'h otht"r pUllishml'n11' Ne" !lII(lCrior
all ill Iwreill:l.ftcr mC'ntirnell, u(r,ccr,
r,wlbordj",liarr.

18, Every ~rsori subjeclto thil Act who wilfully diSClbe)S any L1\\rlll rCll~ll\IOlJ'
t1\li"bcdiCl,rc
Command 'of 111.'1 slIpl:lior lIffi;tr, nr II..eS thrcatenin, or insnllin:,t hl1j1;u:l.~~. or he "I' u~lnJl
haves \\',~h .; mtelllp: to his sUl1:rior or&.;er, sll:lll he pUllished with dismisul. with IhfC;llcuj"l
disl:race, (rom n;av:l1 "tNi.:c, or ~l1ff:r S'I :!l olh~r p:I'lishm.:nt :I., i, hereinlfler bllr.~fC 10
mCntionel!. ,uf'C'"i'M"
IJlI:<:cr.
19, E\'er)' pcr!lOll suhkct to thi<; Act who qnarreh Ot fighh with any (,tiler I enallv 'If
quarrel I!".,
perJl('lll, whether sneh olher pcr~on he or he nolluhject 111hi<; Ad, or n~ reproach. cle., or
ful 01 pro\'n!,inl.: spe~..:hc~ or gcshuc.' ten(lill~ to m:lke aoy qll:llnl or dillurh.luce I u,i".
sh:lll ~ .(fe, i 1l;'ri~ollll1ent 0; ~u:h olher Plllli1ltUIICllt as is herein,lfler lOenliol1crl. 'epr"lehfu!
.rch or
'ellures.

I'",~h"ur
21, Every reNO sllhject 10 this A':t Will) ahsents himseU from his s'lip, or ddcfUon,
fro:n th.: place where his dot)' rC'Juirn him 10 he. with :1Il intention of nol rdurninjl;
Inwrtfd b~ Act I, 1953.
 158 S.rma Naral TmciJ/ine.
to such Ihip or placl:, or who.'lt allY time and under :llIy cireUlliltances Wb~ll
absellt from his ship or pllce of duty, does any act which shows that he h::ll:l ,lIl
intelltion or IIOt relurning to liuch ship or placr, shall be deemed to ha\'c deserh..' d,
and shall be punished accordingl}'; lhat is to 8ay,-
(1) if he ha' deserted to the enemy, he shall he pllni1'lhed wi:1I dratb 01'
such othtt ~mishmcnl as is hereinartcr mentioned;
(2) if he has deserted nnder any other circumstance!l, he sball hI! punishC'rl
\lilh [trallllpOl'1ation or stich olher pnnishmelltjl as i, herein:lfter
mentioned i
and in every such cue he sban forfeit all pay, head money, bounty, sah-aRe, prize
mollC)', and :l1lowances tlmt have been earned by llim and all annuitia, pension-'l,
}.rr:ltuitiC$, medals. and dee-oralie-lis th:lt ma)' ho.we bet'u ~rantcd to him, and alto
~1 clothes and e&C\:ts which hc m.w have lert on booud the ship or at the place
from which he ho.'l'> desert~d. unless the trihuMI h)' which he is tried, or the
President of the Uninn sh..tll othcr\\"i~ direct,
Pen3!11 lor 21. E\'ery persoll snbje..:1 10 this 'Act who encle:wl'utll to seduce ..n)" other
Indll(ill~ ~n~ per!\On !luhjec:t to thil> Act tn rk'lcrt sh:'lll suITer imprisonmr-nt or sitch other punish-
J'C'ntll\ to melll :'15 is hereinafter menliollell.
dbCrt.

I'tn:llly fOI 22, Every Ontcer in command of an)' ('n)\'crlllnent ship in commission who
i
fntul:1in ". rl"cei,'e!l or enterbins any ducrler fr(lm the BUrmall:.lY;j!.milil:tIT. or air forcrs,
:II dnfltn. after dii>(;o,"crillJ,! him to he :t <!I,.'ll.ertcr, and does not with all convenient !lpecd,
in the ea.'Ie of a dCSl..'Tlcr from lhe Bunna na'~11 10rcCll, J,!ive notice to the comm3n-
dinK oIlicer of the ,hip to which Illch deserter hclonJ:s, or, if such ship ill at:t
c1i,t:toce, to the President of the Union (IT the Officer Commllldina the
Bunn., Navy, 01', in c:lSC ol a dr-seller from the Bwnl.,.t milit:uy or;jjr forces, ~i.e
notice 10 the Prel'idcnt of the Union or the cornm..tn<!in~ officer of the rtl!iment
or lmil to which ~ch c1c:1'trh:r hfolonJ,!s, lhe (Bicer sn offendinJ: shall be dismi5."led
frolll 1I:I\'al service. or shall suffer such olher punishment as is bc~in:tfter
mentioned.

1'.. nlshment 23. If ;lny person sl1hject to this Act (without heinl: ,uilly of desertion)
(01 breaking imprCIperly lelVC!\ hi~ ship or l'l:lce of dllt)', he shall he li:lhle to imprisonment or
Ol\to( _hip. 10 such olher puni!ltllncnt as i~ hereinafter mentioned, and to SllCh olher punish.
ment \Iy forfeiture of WO'lI:!t'S or of olhrr hCIl{"lillt:l1 the l~sident of the Union from
time to time by r~lIlatiollS pre!lCrihe!lo.

I'en:lll)" for 24, Evet}' petsCln suhJect to this Act who (without bein~ guilty of desertion
lI"""c:e or of impl'OPtrl)' le1\'iujZ hi:s shi(l or rL'lce of dul)') is absellt withoolleave shall
willwat be liab"': in lime of war to imprisonment or such other ponishJl'l('nt as is
leI\<:. herein.'lfler mtlltioned, and 3t other times to imprisonment or detention Cor
:\1\)" pniod not e:xr.eedi"" ten weeb, or such other punishment as the circumstances
of the \:3Se m:lr require, and to such othtt p1nishment b)' forfeiture of waj.!cs or of
other henefits as the PresideDt of the Union from time to time by r~uL'ltion,
prescrihcs.

FOIllflture 25, If 30)' person suhject to this Act i, absent without lean for a period of
0( c:f(fds for one month hs,'hethcr he ill guilly of d~rtion or of improperh' Iravinu: his ship or
llNfn.:f place (If dntr or n(ll), hul is not :t(lprehended and tried lor his <:Iffence, he shall he
w!thullt liahlr to forfeiture of wa~es :Inti other benelit, .... l1 the Pre::ident of lhe Union (rom
1e1\e.
lime 10 lime hr regnlations preJlcri\les, and the PreJliclent of the Union mar b) nn
order containinc a slatement of the absence without leave direct that the clothes

l Inwrltd by Act to. 19",

 Burllla l\'lI11al Discijl/ilte, 159
and df",cls (if any) left by him on board ship or;lt his pl:ll'e of duty be forfcikd,
and {he sa11lt ma~' he sold, and the procerds of the sail, sh;11l he disrll."sed of as the
!'resiclenl of the Union lllay \1il"Cct i and evay order Ullller this provhioll fur
forfeiture OL' sale: shall be cOl\clusi\'e as to lhe (act of the absence without lellve 1I~
therein stated of the person therein namer] ; bnt in any Case the Presidcnt of the
Union may, if it seems lit on sufficient calise heinlt shown "t any time ::L(tcr
forfcilnrc and before sale, remit the (orfl'ihlrl', or :liter ~:lle pay 01' (Iispo~e of Ihe
proceeds of the sale, or an}' part thereof to or (or tile lise 01 the pt"rSOll to whom
the clothes or effects belonged, or his representatives,

26, If any person not snbject 10 this Act assists or procures any person l'cn:llty 10f
subject to this Act to desert or impropel'ly absent !Iimself from his duty, or ilssisting,
conceals, employs or contiuues to employ any penon subject to this Act, who is a et.'" dC$CT.
tion,
deserter or improperly absellt from his duty, knowin~ him to be a deserter or so
improperly absellt, he sh:'lll, {or ~very sl1Lh offence of ::LSSiSt<'lIlCt, pl'rCllrl"ffienl.
conccalment, employment or continuance of employment, be liablt', Oil cOIl\jdion
in a :>tl1nm:uy trial before a i\[a~islrale empowered I1lHler seclion 260 of IIII' Code
of Criminal l'roce{lure to ;1 pen;LIt~' not exceediLl~ tll"O IUlIHlrer! rupees; and
e\'er~' such penally sllall be al1pliccl as the l'rrsitl,:nt of the Union directs,

27, If allY person not snhjectlo this Ad by w(lf(!s or otherwise persllMle:,> l'enall)" for
allY person subject 10 this Acl to de~("ft or improperly <IbSt'nt himself fL'Ol1I rer~uadi"K

.,.
his tluty: lie shall, for every snch offence, he Ihille, on conviction in a sUffim;uy III dcstrliolt,
trial before a Ma~is(ratc empowered uuder sedioll 2fJO of the Code of Criminal
Procetlll1"(" 10 a pen;llly nflt exceeding 1\\"0 lmmlr.:d rupees: alltl e\.:rr sl1ch penOllty
shall he aprlied as'the President of the Union {lirec.ls,

MisccllalleoJls ofJel/us,

28, E\'ery person suhject 10 this Act who is ~uil.y of :IllY profane oatIL, Peuallj'lor
cursing, execration, dL'mlkel~lless, uncleanness or othel' scallt1alr.ns action or swe:,tinJl: and
other imm....
COl1'uplion of ~ootl manncrs, shall be di~LLlissed from n:l\'al sen'ire, with (lisl{l"ace, falitjn,
or suffcr sLlch olher punishment ,15 is hereinafter mentioned,
I'enalty on
29. EvelY dfieer sulljcd to this Act who is guilty of cruelty, or of allY officer lor
scandaloLls 01' fral1dnlent conduct, shall he clismissed wilh di~W'ace (rom ll:lval cruelty or
sCP'ice ; and cvary dlicer suhjeet to this Act who is guilly of iUlY other conducl 01'!"fe~$lon,
unbecoming: the charactel'of an "Hieer shall he dismissed, with or without clhgrac~,
from n",V,11 51'1 vice,

30, Every pel-son snbjeet 10 this Act who either desi.ll:ne{lIy or n~glilZentl~ Penalty for
s,lferil1'
or by nny defanlt 1f'5':-5, strands. or hazarrlR, or sutTers 10 be 1051, slrandetl, 01' ~hip!l ~,r air-
ha7.arc1ed, an\, Government ship in commi6sion or in GO\'('fnment servicc, or loses cr:,rt 10 I>e
Or suffers to" be lost an)' airCl'aft of tile GOVCTllmenl or ill Government servicc, illll'fClJlel'ly
shall he (lismissed from naval service, ,,"ith disJ!:race, or suR'CI' such other losl,
PUnishment as is hereinafter mentioncd,

31, The dficel'3 of all ships of the G1\'CTllment in co~~lnission appointcdf~r renalt)' lor
nol laklnlo:
the com'ol' lind protection of allY ~hi"ps 01' \'~ssel~ shall (llllgen,tl~ perform their eare of and
dllt~, without c1eJa\" accol'tlin~ to their msll'lIctlOnsm Ih:lt hehalf, an~l every officer defe ,dinK
II'ho fails in his dnty in this respect, and docs not ddend the SIIlI'S an<1 goo(.b ship!l under
under his convo\', without deviation to allY other ohjrcls. 01' refuses 10 fia.ht ~Il convoy,
their (lefence if they al"C assailed, Of cowardl)" abandons ancl exposes the ships III
his com'or 10 h:'I7.arcl, or demand:> or eucts :l.Il)" mOllcy I'lT other rew:lrd" [rom any
merchant or ~ster for convoying :In}' ships or vessds entrusted to hi' care, or
 160
mis-uses the masters or nlarilll.'.rS thereof. Iihall make such reparalic II in llamaJ;l'S
to the lIIer..:hants, owners, and othen a:. the Hi~h Court exercisinJ.l; Admirally
jurisdiclion m.lY ,1djudge i :tntlllh~1I ;tOO lie punished criminally accordil1~ to the
nature of hill offencc, hy de:r.th or such other punishment as is hereinalttt
mentioned.

:Ua~ler 0( 32. Ewrr 1\1ao:.ter (If other onicer in command of an" merchant or othcr
mer~h:1Il1 vessel under the COII"O)' of an)' ship 01 the Government in commission shall oher
\esel to the commanding oflicer thereof ill all matters relating to the na\'igalion or
ol'C':\' orders
of convoying secUl'i!r of the COIIVOY i ant! shalll:lke sueh precautions for avoiriinK the enemy
ollk, as may be tlirccll'd hy such ..:omm;ul(lin~ OniCCf, and if he fails to obey such
llircctiol\s, snch cOllllllamlill!: rffieer may compel obetlil'IlCC by for\~e of arllls
\1 ithout heill~ Iiahle for any loss of life or of properly that may rcslIlt from his
us-hIlt slIch (ol'\:e,

Penally for 33, Ever)' (lfficer in COllllll:lnd of an)' of the Govemment ships in
l:l~illll: all)' COlllmi;~ iOll who rrniv("s on hoard or pernlils 10 he reeeh'ed on 1ln.1rd ~uch hip
~ ...b"l\ :tIl}' ~oo.lo:. or merch:lIldi(' whal!<lc\'er, olher than for tbe sole u~e o( the ,llill,
l.. ~,rll .. lher CXl'cpt J.:O(I(b :lIlt! IIlcrd':I"tli~(' Iw:longing to :tn)' merchant, or on 00.,(11 :lIlr ship
thau 1m the
~l',.rthe whi>.:h Illar he hill\\TCl'ked or ill illllllil,cnt dal1~er, either on the hi~l. sen or in
nut'l, some vc:l, \."rCck, o. harbour, for the purpose o( p~",ir,J[ tllt-m (or their prOl'l('r
~cepl ~lld, OWIICrs, or uccpl uch ~I or merchandise as he mar at any time he ordered to
s,ih'C1',
jn.'els, etc, take Or re":ci,'.. on bo.1rd hl' order or lhe President of lite Union or hi,; ~uptrior
{,(fleer, shall he Ili~llli:.sl'd from naval service, or suffer such other p.J1.ishment as
is !ltTci\l;liler mentioned.
H, E,'\.'f)' person sl.lb;cet to thilt Act who \I'aslefnll)' upends, embezzles,
j'cu;,I!.. for or fl':tmlulenll)' hul's, tlls or n'cC'h't ,Ill}' ammunition, prm'jsions or other pnhlic
emheulil'lI: ,
l>uloli.. torell-, ami t'..
r)' person suhJect to lhi~ Al't, who Itnowingly pemlit, :Il,y ~neh
~t,'rtl, W:l\ltfnl expenditure, emheulemcnt, s:llc, or receipt, sh:tll suffer impri~onment or
sud. otll..... pri'ui1lhmenIU is hereinafter mentioned.

I'en"lll' ("I' 35. Ev~rr person snhjed to this Act I\'ho nnlawfully sets lire to any
l'urHillj,( ;,ny llod:ranl, dcln:l1liliA pHt or sle,lm fador}' yanl. arsenal, nl:lj.!:,.tine, huihtilll!,
m:ll!,,,il,e ,11'
stOI'tS, or to an.\' shil'. vessel, hor, h:lr,,~\', boat 01' other craft 01' fUl'llitllre lhel'ennto
\es~d, dc"
unt bel",,!!_ hcloll~inlo!, 1I0t being: tIle propc.1~' of all encmr, pil'/'lt, or rehel, shall M ffel' death
lug tv :Ill 01.' such oilier punishment as'is hereinafter mentioned.
ellem".
3tt, E"<:I'y person sullject to this Act who knowinJ!ly makes Or siJ!ns a f.11se
Penalty I"..
m,,~i,'g or lI\llsler or record or olher (lOki:l1 do:umenl, or I\'ho commands, ..:ounsel~. (lr
~il,!l'iug blse procures thl' m;ll;in~ or signing thertoi. or who aids or abets any oth('r person in
musle,'f'!', the m:lkillR or ~i\.!ning thereof, shall be llismissed from n:lval sen'ice, willi di~It1":tCt',
Clt suffer ~uch otht"r punishment as is herein:rJter mentioned.

('(I,ally for 31. Every peT50ll sub,it:ct to this Al,;t who wilfully d~ anY:lct or wilfullY
mi5colllllud disol'o('Yi aor orders, whether in hospital or elsewhere, with intent to produce or
ill h._rit:t1. to aW:t\-ate :lny disease or infirmity. or to delay his cure, or who fd&ns allv
dise:ISl.'. infirmity, or in:l.bilily to penonn his duty. shall suffer imp: iSOllnltnt or
such olht'r punishmenl :ts is hCTC'inafter mentioned.

rcn3tty for 38. E\"ery person subjeet to this Aet who h.1 any cause of complaint,
endc;lHlUr either of Ihe unwholesonleness 01 the vidll:lls or upon "II)' other just around. shall
inC to stir qnietly make the s;une known 10 his snperier, or captain, or to the elliceT
1J1' :lny comm:tnl1in/o! the Burm:t ~"V}', and the So1id slIperior. capt..in. or cfficer shall, a~
dislurbJ.nte
on llLX(lIInlol (af as he is able, Callst the same: to be presently remedied i "nQ no person subject
 161
10 Ihis Act cpon any pretence whatever shilll :tlll'milt to stir up an, disturbance IInwbole.
upon pain of su.:h punishment as a courl.marli",llII:I),thinlt fit to illftid, ;u:cOfdina M:Imellest of
to the degree of ocno:. tile \itlu:al,
or olher j...t
'l'OUtld..

39. All the papers, charter.p;.rties, bills of l:ldiu)(, passportli, and other P~":Illy '01'
writings whatsoever that shall be taken, $C'izc.-d, or (ound aboard :IllY "hip or ihips ""llalGia,
which shall be taken as PrUc shall be dul)' preserved, :11111 the commalldin~ dfi"Cl' lottie
Go,~t
of the ship wllich shall lake such prize shall scud the nrij.(imlls entin: and Wj,hOIoll
all ~ren
fraud It) the H4:I, Court cxerdsinl! Admi."altr jurisdiction or such Cootl or 'OUIIG ~bga,d
commiS$ioners as shall be authoriud to del ermine whether such prize be lawful prile ahi",.
~ptu~. there to be vic\l,'W. nl2de usc 01. 2nd proceeded upon :lccordine 10 bw,
upon ~n that evc:ry PC('$(lQ oft'cildiui herein ,h.,11 be (lislUis$ed from naval
service, or shall suffer such other punishment:lS is hell!:iuafttr menlioned, and in
addition the:reto shall forfeit alld lose lib share of the: I.:lptUI'C.

40. No person sub.iecllo this Ad shall lake out of an)' pritt or ship seita'l Penalt, for
for prize any moner. plate, or ~oods, unless it sh..11 be llt('esS'\'1' for the beller td:iaCmonq
sec1Jrin~ thcreof. or for the necessary U$e and scrvit,.'C of any of the Gon:mment 01' oIbc:r
eflectl out
ships in commiuion and velISefs of W;lr, before the same be ,.diuctlttd lawful uf ;IIny pritc
prize by lhe HiRh COllrt exercisinl!. Adl1lirallr iurisdidiC'n ; but the fuJI ,mel entire bcforcthe
account of the whole witbou: em~zz.lemcnt sh:11f he hrou~ht in :lOll judj.!ment IlIIRC.,.,.1I be
p.uscd entirely upon the whol~, without fraud, upon lAin that every iX~n CClItGcmned.
offendin~ herein shall he dismissed fmm naval ~e"ke, "'ilh di~",ccl or ~uftcr
such other pllllishment as is hereinafter mel1liolled, anti in adtlilion therelo forfeit
and fose his share of the capturf'.

4. I f any 5h11\ or vessel is t..ken :IS pri7.c, noue of th" dficcrs, mariner., or PCII~lty fnr
other persons nn hoard her shall he str;ll~d of their clothes, nr in any SOft slriJlf'illC or
pill:lged, heaten, or evil intr~lled. upon Il:tin thai the pcr~on or perliOns ~o oft'm- ill-uailll per.
SIltlJ lata!
din~ shall be dismissed from ""val servic(', uit h di~arncc, or III fier sue I1 ot her Oil hoard aJ
punishment as is herdnafter mentioned. pl'iIc.
42. If the commandin~ officer of an)' of the CroY~rnment ships in P~nllly on
commission does :'Iny of Ihe followins.:: thin~s, n:'llllelr, 'Olllnu."detJ,
. I ood c:lrtnriltl at
II) by collusion with the rnemf ta~es as prize ;In)' vcsse, Jl: 10, or pIIIC by
thin~ i .:oll",ioll tof
(2' unl:lwlully lj.!rees with .lllY person for the f:lllsoming of an)' vCilliel, elllhlJi,~I)'
. k . rc,lutilll
gOOlIs. or t Il1ll!! 1:1 en as prize; or . . wi!" or
(3) ill [lursl1ance of an)' un1:ndul agretnll:nl for ransomllli! or othCr":lsc xood l .
by collusion actually quits or re&:c>res allY vessel, goods, or lhl"g
taken as prize,
he shilll he liable to dismissal from na\'~' sen'ice, with disfitrace, or to luch other
punishment as is hereinafter mentioned.
PCMlty for
43. If any person suhjce:t to thisAcl hreaksbolkon board any ves!le I ta ken breaki~,
as prize. or detained in the exerci!it of any hdli"erenl rieht, or under an~' Act bill. llCI
relatina 10 plrac)' or to the ~lave trnel~ or to the CU5loms, with inll:nt to embezzle b.-rei pri.
aaythini! therelO or bdonRinj.! thereto, he Sh.1Jl he Iiahle to dismi!t~al fronl n"'al Ibiptrillu
.
struce. WIt. h dU'J!racc,
. . Ilert'lOa It er men t 10~1 'en,blUl~
or to sneh other p.lnJ!thnlent as IS \i_ tn
:lnd In additIOn thereto 10 forf~it anrllo&e hissh"re'o( the: c;apture. ment.
. . .. _ p~lIy lor
44. Every persoll suhject 10 this Ad whn is gmlty of :tny act, (!lsorllc,r, or oIfuUS
neglect to the prejudice of ~O"ld order ~nd IIIV:l! discipline, no~ hcninbefore ~pflll pnl
specified, shall he dismissed from naval service, with ditgrllCe, or ~erSllCh other
panllhm ent as is ber~iDafter mentioned.

11
.. -
cliJ(~JIIi~c~ot
pl11l1~ ::.
 162 BurmlJ NlJtJ(J1 Diujtline,
Cri1ncs to be 45. Any person subject to this Act t:ommittinJ! any off~nce 3@:aiust this Act,
ptInishtd such offeuce lIot being punishable with death [or transportation)', shall, save
iKI.-ording to where this Act expressly 'Jlherwise provides, 1x: proceeded <Jj:l:linsl ;'Ind punished
bWI and
ClIItOllll according to the laws and customs in sneh cases used at sea,
in IIX.
ObclI"s ptwishabfe b}' Orcll'tla/y L1f~.
Peft;llty for ~. Erery l'erSOn subject to this Act who i, lluilh' of an offence ptmishabk
""-
pII11ish.tble
byor4inary
under section 302, 304. 3044, 371, 3Ti read with 51 I, 379. 381, 381, 382, or 392
of the Penal CMe shlll be: punisbable with the punisbrnent provided in that Code
law. (or the offence.
II an~' such ~rson is j.!uill)' of an}' olher crimino&! offence which if committed
in the Union n( Burma would be punish3ble hr the bw of the Union of Burma, be
shall, whether the (;f(e~ be or be Dot committed in the Unton of Burma, be
punish~J ~ither in pursuanc~ 01 th~ Ilrst p;lrt 01 this Act as for an act 10 the
prejudice of ~ood ord~r and nav:" discipline not othtrwist specified. or the
offender shall be suhject to the 5.1me punishment as might for the tim~ beinR be
aW:lrdcd by any ordinary criminal tdbuMI compelent to try lhe offender if lhe
offence had be~n committed in th~ Union of Bllrma.
OfIrlKCI 47. Far all offences 'speci~ed or refen'ed \0 in this Act, if committed by
wheu punish- nny persoll suhj~cl th~~to in an)' harhonl', haven, or creek, or on any lake or river,
ablc, wheth(r in or Ollt of the Union of BuI1nOl, or an)'wh~r~ within the Admiral1y
juri:'tclictiollof the HiJ:h Court, Cr at "or pl.u:e 00 shoTt Ollt of the Union of Burma,
or in any of th~ G:veI'nmcnl docky.lrds, \'idu:lllin~ rard~, sle-'m factory yards,
or on all)' gun wh:ari, Qt' in nny ar~en.,I, h.1rrack, or hospital befonling lo the
Governmrnt or in anr oth~r premi~s held l'o)' or on heh;,1f of the Governmenl fvr
naval or milila",- purpost1', or in any c.'nt~tn or s::tilon' home or 311)' place of
reacnlion placed at the disf'O!kl.l r f or 1l5~d h)' ofl"lC:ers or mtn of the Burma Ka,)
which n\a)' he: pr~nhed lIy lhe 1~~lent of th~ Union, whether in or out of the
Union of Burm'. the off(uder may be tried and punished under Ihis Ad: and
for all ofI~n.:es hereinbefore ~t'dfied under the headinJl:s" misconduct in the
~esence of the enemy", .. communications with the enemy"... neglect of
dut,,"... mUlin~' ", " illsullordination ", Iocleserlicn and absence witbout In\'c ",
or" miscellOlneolls off<llcCS ".if ..:omOlitted b)' ;'In)' person subject 10 this Act at
l\n~' place on shore. whether in or cuI of the Union of Burma, the offender may
be tried and pUl\i~hed under Ibis Act.
Pro\"ilion$ 44. (ll Wh~r~ an off~nce under tllis Act has heen committed by any person
where while suhjectlo this Act, 511Ch rerson m3)' be taken into and kept in Cllslod)' and
offcr:d~r hu
(cued 10 be tried and punished for $uch olJ~nce altbou~h he has cu.sed 10 be 511bjecl to this
I"'j~d to Act in like m;\nuer as lie miRht han: heen taken into and kept in clistedr, tried,
the Acl. or punished if he had continued so subjed :
l"rovidt:d Ih..t wbt~ a per;on has since the c"lmmi!'Sion of an offence c:;Iud
to he s.uhjtct In tlln Act, he s1l31111ot he tried for HlCh (ffenee, except in case of
o~el~nnf m1\lin~' or de!erriC'D, un!eso; proceedings. a~'inst him are instituted
wllhln thrtt n'K'nths ;lifter he hlS c~;lIsed to b(' snbjed t~ thIS A~t but this stcli,lI
shall not after! the jnrisdktion of a ci\'il Court in the Yse of 311;' offencc triahle
b)' such Court ;l~ wi'll a. b)' tollrt.m3rli~1.
(ZI Where a person ~nhlt:Ct to thioi Acl is ~entenced und~r this Act [to tTlln~'
1
portation, 1 imprisonment. or dttenlion. tlt;s Act shall apphto him during the terlll
of Ii!' sent~ncc notwit~shncling Ihal ht: is <list'harged or di)miS5td ','om 113\'31
sen'lce, or ha~ oth~{\\"I~~ cea~ed 1o he subj~ct (0 Ihis Ad. and he may he. kept ill
~Ilstod)', ~~mo\rcl, Impr.I!\Oncd, made lo underfl:o delention and punished accord-
llIgly, as I( .he had cnnhnned 10 b(: subj~ct to this Act.
I In,rrtcd by Act I, 19~3.
 163
PART II.
GINUAL PaoVJSlO~
49. Where the ~moullt of punishment for any offence: onder thi5 Act depend. PU'WI.1' 01
.pen the intent with which it h:as been committed, and ;Uly person is chal'J:cd ''OUl~ltial
ritb h.l\"inJ,! co.nmi.lc.) such olfcnec wilh an intent in\"Omnll a W'Clter dc~e of t... filld in,lnt
punishm~nt, :l court martial ma)' lind 1b."1! the offence \\"a$ ccmrnitlrd wilh an ::~~...~blCb
inlent involvinJt a less d~ree of punishment. ~nd ",,-ani
such punishment COIl llIitttd
aecordinJ!,ly.

at. Where any person is char'Jtecl wilh any offcnce Dn,ltt this Act he lila) I Powuof
UpClll failure of proof of the commission of the Il:tealer diener, he found RoilLl' of C oUrt marlioll
another nffL!lICC of the same c1als involvinl! a leu dCll:rec 01 punishment, hut 1101 tn lilld
Pl'illlll~r
of any offence invoh'io" a b'1'Cll.lcr dtRrec of p..IlIisbmt'nL I,dlt)' of
r..,oItCllcs
011 clurlt of
"I*,",

'1. All :ume,1 reb.:I:i. armed mutinet", 3nd pirates shall be dt\:med to be Re\lc11 and
totmies within the meaning of this Act. :~~to
~nin,
52. Every officer in commlilld of a Scd or squadron of tl1eGovcmmenl Power 10
ships in commission, or of one of the Gav~rnnll'Jll ~hi~ in commiuion, orth~ ;l.rral
senior ollict't pl'e.ent It a port, or an onictr h:lving hy viriue of suh~ection 131 of offen,Jerl,
5tctioll StS of this Act pow~r to try off~m:es, mll)', hy warrant under his hand.
)ulhorin any p:~on to arrest an)' offender ~ubject to this Ad (or any offelLC'e
~cainsl this Act n\entioned in such warr:lllt ; and an)" such warraut may include
tbe names of more pe.'~IIS than one in n.'Pt'd of several dfcI1CCt of the $lime
uture; and any person I.amed in an, ~uch warrant may fc MhVoilh, nn his
apprehension if the warrant 80 directs. be taken on hoard the shiv 10 which he
bdonlb. or some other of tile Go\oernmell tship~ in commiasion ; :lnd any person
10 aulhorized may use force, if nelusary, for the purilOle of effecting stich
imhensions towards lilly peNon sut'lject of this Act.
5J. Every penon suhject 10 this Act who dot, not use hi, utmt'St PeoaU~ lor
CII.deavours to detect, apprllhend :'Incl brinj:! t? punishment all offenders against ::~~tl~~~~i
,hIS Act, and does not assist the officer~ appomted for thnt purvest, .hall suffer 0( rrlWIICl'S,
illlprin:lIn~nt or such other punishmc:lt ;15 is hereinafter melllioned,

PART III.
PI(()VISIONS AS TO PuNiSlJlaNTS,

54. 'The following pnni,hments may be inAicted in tbe Burma NaY)':-

(l) Death ;
ft Al Transportation i .
(21 Dismislo,1 with disA:race fl om n3v~1 scrVlce ;
(3! Impdsooment or corpOral punishment:
14) Detention;
{S) Dismiml from naval ser\'ice ; 'fied t'
(6) Forfeiture of seniority 3S an offICer for SptCI lmt. O{
otllCTwise ; L_I ' .
I7J Dismin.1.1 from the shiJl to which the offender."" onj,ts ,
(It I Se\'ere rtprimand. or reprirr:and; .
to) DisrapnR" $~ordinate or I'ctty oaiou ,
 164 B,mlltJ Nat"" Diui/liflt,
flO) Forfeiture of flo1)', bead mOller, bount)', !lal\':lgc, p~e monel'" ~nd
allow,ulces e;uned by, and 01 all annuities, pensIOnS, gratUities,
medal~ ;lJld decorolliolls J!;ranted to the offender, or of anx one or
more of the :lbo\"e p;micn1ars; :llso, in the case of deserhon, of all
clothes alld effectli Idt b)' the de:>erter 011 hoard the ship to whicb
he hdon~s; ,
(II) Snch minor ponisbmeuts !is are 1I0\\' inllicted aceordmg to the
custom of the NaV)', or Ina)', (rolll time to time, be allou'ed by the
J>rC'Sidrnt of the Union.
And each of the above punishments shall be deemed to be inferior in degree to
every punishment precedin.: it ill the ahove scale.
PMi.iornu 55, The follo\\'inJ:: provisiollS Me herelJy matle with respect to the inftiction
to i ... lli~ 01 punishments in the Burma Navy:-
""''''
puaisluDent:s. (I) The powers to SDspend, remit or commute $Cntences or punishment
sh:dl he the powers cOnferred by :lnd sball be e:a:ertised in
aCl'Ortlancc with the provisions o( seetiolls 40J :lIld 402 01 the CxIc
01 Crimin d PloceduTe, and .In)' aenlence so modilitd shall (subjtct
to the provisions of this Act) be valid, and shaH be carried into
execution, as if it had !.Ieen ori~in:lllr pa~ed with Such modi6catioll
bl' the eourl-m:lrlial ; but so 1I1.l111either the degrte nor the dur.a
lion of Ihe punishment in\'Olvt:d in any lenIence be increased by
all)' sut.'h lIIodification ;

(2) JlIIlgmenl of death shall not be passed on any prisoner unless rour at
lea.~t of the offict:rs present at Ihe court,martial, where lhe nllmber
doesllot excc\"d live. and ill other ~se~ :l majorily of nolless than
twothirds of the ofticcrs present, concur in the sentence;
(3) No 6nrling of 'sentence or a cOUl"tmarti:ll or a (liscipiinary court
shall be valid c:tcept so far as it m:lyhe confirmed by the President
of the Union or by allY officcr empoWtrcti in this \,)ehal! I)y
c( mmissioll of thl' Presidcnt of the Union, which 111:1)' contain ,uch
restddions or conditins as Ihe l'resident of the Union nl;ly lhiuk
fit to pr~scribe;
'(JA) The punishment of lralls!=ol'talioll may be iuBicled for the term of
lile or fO!' any other term of nolless than ~e\'en yl'ars ;
I (3B) Where a s~ntel1ce of tl'ansporf,llion IS passed, the offender $.hnlllx:
dealt wilh in the !',ll11C manner as if stull-nl'ed 10 rigOf\}lIS
imprisonmeut, ;lnd sh;lll be c1eemt:(llo be Iln(lerj,loin,{! his sentenrt
01 tl':lnspodation durinJ,! the term 01 his impri!'Onmenl ;
I (3C) The punishment of transl'Ortottion 'h:lll in all C;ISCS involve dismi:'$:ll
with disguce Irom the n:n'al stcvice ;
(4) A sentenl'C of dlsmis5.11 with clis~lOItt shall involve in all C<lSCS.1.
forfl'iturt of ,II! p,l)', head money, bounty. salvage, prize moneY:lI1d
allowallCt"~ that have bt'tl1 earntd b", and of ;,11 annui!ie;;, ptflsioll;,
~r.l.tt1ltit:s. Il1e~lal~, ;1II<! IlecoratiolH thi.1 may ha\'e t~en j.!r.lllted to
lhe oHender, ;lnd:ln in":;;p:lci')' to sef\'e the Government ;'I~.1in in
any military, na\"al,air foret, or ch'i! !Il!:rvice, and may also in ;aU
case< be; a..:comp.'llied by a *ntence of inlpri.c:onmtnt ;
(5) Th,' plll1ishm~'lt n imrri~f\nlnent m;lY he in8kted for any term loot
exceeding {fivt l' yeArs :lnd 11I3\' be accomp.lmecl with a It'nte,:,'e"
of dismissal from na\':l1 str\ict" ;

, StIbstiluted by Act I. 1913.

I 1DMrtoed i6iJ.
 13'lr"'Q NdPld bjsgl/ufe. 165
(6) A senlence o.f imprisonment may lJe :lccomp;:inied with :I. dir~tion
th3t the pmoner.sh:dl he kept in solitaryC'C'lnline ntnt for3ny period
of ~uch.lerr~ not e:r.ceeding fourteen darli at any olle lillie, and not
exc~ding elghty-foUf d3}'s m :lny one rear, with inlervab IJetween
the pel'iods of solit,uy coufinement of not less duration than the
periods of solitary collfinC1nt:lIt; 3nd whell the imJlrisonment
awarded excet:ds cighty.rOllr days, the solitary conlint:mcnt ~hall
110t exceed <;even t1:t.ys in any l\\'l'llty-ti~ht (1:IY~ of the whole
imprisonmellt aW:lrdl'cl, with intervals I>ctw\:\:u the periods ('If
solitary COl\fin~Dlen~ or not less duration than such periods;
(7) A ,!'lenience or ImprlSonment lillY be I'il,!orous or simille, or partly
l'I~OI'OllS 3nd P:'lrt1r simple, amI corporal pllnishment may he
awarded in adcliticlI\ 10 all)' ienlence of imprisonment, whether
such imprisonment is 01' is not {o be accomp:l.nicd with solitary
confinement and hard 1:lhollr or coither of them;
(8) 'fhe punishment of detentioll lIlay be inflicted for any term not
exceedin~ two years:
Provided that, nntil n.1\'al detention quarters Sh3U have been sel apart
:"md declared to be such hy the President of the Uuioll by
uOlification in the Gazette, no sentence of detention .1Iall be
awarded;
(9) The punishment of imprisonment, or detentiou whether on boartl
ship or on shore, shall involve disT'J.till~ in case of a petty oAieer
and reduction to the ranks in e:tlit of a nou-\:('mmissioned officer
of m.:nine. and s.hoJiI in all ClSes he accompanied by stoppa~e Of
p:ty or wa:.!:es duri~ the term of impi!'lonmcnt or detention:
Provi1cd that where the punishment awarded is llrlenliOll for a
term not e:tceedinll: fourlttn da)"s, tile senlence rn3Y direr! that
the punishment shall not be al;c')mp;tnied by stoppaJ,!\: (if payor
waAes durinJ,! the term of detention j
{JOJ III any CJS~ of corporal punishment not more than forty.ei,l(ht
laslles shall be inlli':h:d: no offi~r sh:'lll be subject to d~telltion
or 10 corpcr:ll punishment: no petty or 110n-commis!liOned officer
shall lie subject to corporal llullhh1l1cnt: e:'(c~pl in case of
mutiny.
All other punhhmenb authorized by this Act may be inAicted in tile
manner heretofore in use in the N3VY,

86. No person, unless he be an offender who h:u avoided apprehen.ion Ulnil.ltloa 01

Of Red from iOitice, shall be tried Or punished in pursuance of Ihis Aet for any lime lor
offence cnmmilled by him ulIless snch tria) shall take place within three ytars lri;alt.
from the commission of such offence or within one year after the return of stich
offender to the Union or Burma. where he ha~ been absent fr(.m the Union of
Burma during such period of three years.
87. Sahject to tht' (o~egoinlt rcoJ:lllations, where any punishment is SOle of-
Specified by this Act as the PCIMJty ior any offence, and it is rnrlher declared pIIlIsbment
that a'lother punishment ma~' he award;:d in respect of the same offence. the
C'Xp-ession .. other punishment" shall be deemed to cnmprise ,1ny one or more nf
the punishments inferior in d~~ to the !\pecified punishment, accordinfl to the
scale hereinhern-e mentione); hnt c,rporal pttnishm ...nt shall be deemed eq1l11
in degree 10 impris')nmen'. and may in all case$, subject to the forC'J!oinlt
re~ulations, b~ intlicted as a subititute for or in addition to imprilonment.
 166

""I"\IIk:" 58. (1) An)' offc!nce tri:J.~1 ~ 011 ler this Al;:t m;IY be tried and pnnished b)'
havioll courtn~1rlial,
ro..... N 1" Iry
o({tllCC":'. (2) Any Clffenct> not callital which is trilhlll! undcr this ,\cl, anti (except in
the by this ;\..:1 expressly prOl'i.kd for) is not committed by an officer, ma~',
C;ISc;:S
under such rej;tlll;lliuIlS a.'i the Pre'illent of the Union fr,)fI\ time to lime iSStlts.
be summarily tried "lid punished h)'lhe ({(lcer in comm:l.nd of the ship to uhirl.
th~ cffendno pelon:!s at the time cith~r of the commission or of tile trial of 11)1:
offellce. subittt 10 the re~triclio:1 that Ihe commaudiuj.! officer shaU not haw
powcr {to award tral1sporlOlti"'n od I 10 :l.W3I't1 imprisonment (If ddentiOIl for
more than three months.
(J) The p..lwer 1' Ihis section v"tell in an ollicer commandin~ a ship
may-
(a) as rtspelo:ls persons or; Marti a tender 10 the .hip, be: exercised in thfO
case of a sim.ek lenth:r :l.bsent from the ship, by the officer ill
coml1\illld of such tender, and, in the C;1SC of two or morfO
temleTS at'SCnt from the ~hip in COmp;U1)' or acting lo~clher, br
the officl'r ill immcdiate lo:ommand of :;uch h:ndcrs; 2ud
(hI as rfOsp:cls ptTS(lns 011 hO:lrd all)" beat or Il(lals helC'ngin/o: 10 the
ship, be exercised "lien such boat or boats ;s or arc absnlt 0:'
del:lched sen;ce, h, the officer in (:omnland of the bo;lt or
boats; and .
(eI:lS r('Speds (.ICrSOll~ lOlil-icct to Ihis Act, 011 det:lched sen"ic~
l'ither on shore or otherwise, or snch of those perSOIl! :IS :lrf
1,0t for \lIC time beill~ m,1de suhjcct 10 militarr l1w, Itt
excn;;sed hr tl1\: dfi.:er in immc&1le ccmm:l.OlI of those
pcr501IS; and
(41'~ respects per:iOIl$ subittl 10 thi. Act, quartereel in 1m;!!
han':ll'ks, be excrdsed by the oilkt:r in command of Ihl)$l
barracks.
(4) Ex..:ept III ca~l' of lIlutin)', no mall shall he sentenced b~' the
commanding oftil'er to l"Orroral pUlli~hmelit until hh offence ha~ been
inquired into by one or more rRkt'ls appointee! til' Stich commanding cffil"er,
and his or their opinion as to the Huilt or innoCl'lIce ollhe perSOn char:.!ecl
reporled to such ..:ommandinJ.! officer, and the commanding officer sh~lIlher(-n;Joll
act as accorc!inj.( to his iUlIJ.!menl lllay seem ri).!hl,

Forlfllure of 59, The President of the Un:on mar impose the puni$hllleni of forfci:lIrc
tlille or of tim~ or seniority of nOl more than twelve monlhs on anr subordiuak oflicfOr.
Ielliority.

Tri;111J( 6t, (1) Where anr olncer bonle on the books of allY of Ihe G..vernmtlll
offi':er fur
di,cil'lin~ry
ships in commission ill in time or \\"ar :llIe~ed t(l hWe heen ~llilt}' or:l. disciplin"r,'
olJe,,. In dfnce, that is to l:iy. a l>relch of section lb. J9, 20, ~3. 2", 211 or 44 of lllls ACl,
time oJ Wlf. tht officer ha\'ill~ power to order a cOllrt-martial may. if he cIJllsiders thatlhe
offence i~ of silch a charac~er a!:l not to ncce~ilate In:l.l b)' court-marti:l.l, in lita
of ordenng a court-marital ordC'r a' disdpJi"ary .court cor,slilutec1 ;IS
hereinafter mentioned.
(Z) A disdplin:II'Y collrt sh:t.lI he \,.'Omposed of notlC"SS than three nor more
In:l.n itt officers. of whom one sllall be (a lieuten:lllt-comm:\nder]' or of hiJ:her
nn.
-----------_ -
I IrSoCnfdb~ .~ct 1,1933,
..
'. Substiluted i/tid.
 167
(n A disciplinary ('.()Urt shall ft:ln power (0 impo;c 0lI1)' punis1I1Il~llt
infclior to delclltioll in the SC<l1e hereinbefore. contained, but no Itmtcr
punishment.
(4J The Pre.~ident of the Union may from time to time frame ~Cfleral
orders for rrgult1lill~
the asscmhlinJl, l'On~Ii'ntioll :\IJrl proceclure :'lIld 1'1':'lC'lict. of
di~ipJinary conrts under IhilJ ~etiOIlI :lnd may h)' those r('glliations :lpply,
with the necess:try lIlodilicltions, to di!ldplin:try cuurts lhe Jll'Oisions of scx.tiOtli
6S to 67 and aliollS 69 to 72 of.this Act rehtinK to cotll1sm:utial, and the
rCJ!u1atinns shall provide for evidence beinR taken (In oath and emp::lwer tbe
court to admiui<ter oaths for that pw"po$(.

?AIlT IV.
CoURTS-I",ImAL.
COfl$li""~ o!Cowh.UGrliIJ:.
61. The followin~ pro'risions are hereby made with ileSpCd to court.. CuutI.....
martial:- 01 courQ.
(I) A courtmartial shall consilt of not less than five nor more than olDe martial.
offic:eu j
(Z) No officer shall be qualinetl to sit as a member of :lny court-martial
held in pursuance of this Act unless be he a 1L1~ officer, captain,
commandt'r, lieutenant.commander, or lieutenant of the Burma
Navy on full pay;
(3) A court-martial shall not be held llnl~':lt le:llt two of the Govern-
ment shiptl in commi5$ion nol being tendmt, and comm'lIlded by
captains, comm:l.nders, Iitulen.1nt-comn:anders, Ilr lieuicnallliof
the Bonna NaYY on full pay. are together at the time when IQCh
court-martial ill held;
(4) No officer shall sit on I court-m:lrtial who is onder h"enty-oLae ye.v1
o! :Ii:e ;
(51 No court-madial (or the tri:t.l of:l ~ offie shall he dnlyconstittded
unless the president is a fbg (Officer, :and the other officers compos.
ini: th~ court arc r-f tl:e :-:lllk of capta:n, or of hi~her rank i
(61 No court-m Irtbl for the tri;d of :l captain in the BUfml NaY)' shall
be duly constituted unless the president is a cnrtain or of hj~her
rank, and the otber officers composing the court lire commandel'l
or officers of hil(her rauk ;
I(7) No court-martL,1 for the trial of a commander in the Bunlll Navy
shall be duly constituted unless the president and one other
member of the court are of the ranK 01 comnl111der or of hi&her
rank;
li7A} No court-martial for the trial of a person helo\v the rank of a
commallder in the Bunn:!. Navy shall be dul, constituted unleu
the president is a lieulenlnt<Clmmander or of hi(!her rank;
(8) The preteeutcr shall not sit on aD)' oourt-martial fer the trial of a
person whom be prosecute, i
(9) The President of the ('nion Sh111 have power 10 order court'\-mvtial
to be held (or the trial of olfences 111lder this Act, and to want
commissions to allY officer of the Burm:l Nav~ :l.uthoritil1R him to
order courhl.marlialto be held for the trhl o' 'tlch offence-;;
(10) An offil:er holdin!! :1 commi~sion from the President of the Union to
order coarls.m:lrtial 511.111 not be empowered to do 10 if there is
prc~..:nt at the placl: when: sUl:h court-m:lrtial is to be held allY
officer sUpt"rior in mnk to himself on full pay and in command of
. I S,,\l$lilutcd by ACIX~V.I90t9.
J68 DUTlna Nava. Disciplitle,
one or more of HIC GOTernmcnt shi)l!l in commission. or \'essels,
:tit hou,l!h ~ucl1 last-Illelltinned {fficer mar nol holel a commission 10
order cOtlrtJ{-marlial; ami ill such l'I case such last-mentioned
aflker ,m'.ly onl",!, a caurt-nmrlial, althauj/,h he does not hold an}'
commISsion fa: thl' PUl"PO~t' :
(11) Ii allY offict:r hohlinJ,! a l'ommi:.siou frollt the Presiclent of the Union
to order courls-martial, h;t\'ill~ the comm:lIIc1 C"f a IIcet or squadron,
and Uein~ ill foreign parts, die, hc rlulled, lean- hi" slatioll,Cf be:
remo\"ell fmm hisl'l'\ml11:mcl, the oflict'r lipon whom the COll1malltl
of the Iket or SQuadrun dt:volves, and so from time to lime the
o~iI;er who shall ha\'c the l'Olllmalld of lilt. llcet or ~qnaclron, shall,
\\'llhout allY l:olllmission Irom the I'residcnt of the Union, I:ave the
same power to OHler ccurls"m.11Iial as the fil'st-III{'nliolle<l officer
Wl'lS illvestcd Wilh ;
(111 If :lllY ofllcer holclin~ a cOlllmission from tile Presiclent of the Union
10 order courls-martial :!ollt! ha\-inft thc command of an)" IIcd or
M}llallrOIl of the G.werlllllt'llt ship~ in 1.0111111;s~ion in forei~n parts
~hall detach allY p:l.rt of such lIeet or $CJmdroll, or separ:lte hilllscif
from rony P:ll't of slich neet 01" ~qllad1"OIl, he m:a)', by commissi( n
under his hand, empower, in the flrst-mcntiOl:e<l {"asc, the
COmma1H1iIl~ offiCfr of lh~ ~qnadroll 01- delal.."hmellt ordered 011
snch !'>C:parall" sef\'il'~', ami in C:ISC of his de:llh ClI- ce:asinJ.!so 10
commaud,!llC ollicCl' to whom the command of such separ:ltc
~uaclron or detachmcnt shall helol1~, :and in lhe secondlr-
mcutiOlled case tht' S("lIior OOil"er of the Government shipS in
c01lllllis~iOIl 011 thc division of the st.1liOu h"<.1ll \\hich he is abseil',
to ordt'r cOllrl~-marti;,1 durill~ the time of such separate sel'vice,ol'
dllfio}! his ahst"llcc from that divi~ioll of the stnHon las the case
may !x'l, and eVH)' stich authol'ity shall contillt'e ill force nnlil
r,,\'oked, or until thl": ollic\'f holdiuJ.!. it returns 10 the Union of
Burma or until hc eomf'S into the pre~ellce of a superior oRicer,
t:nlpowen:d to ordcr c~nrIS-nl.1rtialin the ume squ;J,cfroll, c1dach
mellt, nr dh'isioll of a station, bul so that sllch authoril)' shall revi\'e
011 the officer hcldilll!: it ccasill~ to be in the presence of such <l
superior officer, and so from time tn timt: as often liS the C.'\IC so
requires;
(13) The officer ordt:rin~ a courtmarthl shall not sit thereon;
(4) The president of every court,martial shall be !lamed by the :.al;thorily
orderinJ! the same, or by any offi~r empowered by such :authority
to name the pr\'sidcnt;
US} No commander, li~utenantcomman{lcr.or lieutenant shall he ~quir~d
to sit as a memhel- 01 an)" 1:0nrtm;lrtial when four officers of a
hi~her rank and jl1ldor 10 the pr~~ident can he a!isemhled at the
place where the court-martial is to be held (but th~ regularity or
V2liclil)' of an}' court-martial, or of the proceedings thereof, shall not
be affected by anYCC'lmmander,lieuh:nant-comnlander, cr lil"utenanl
being req;,ired to sit, or siltin~, thel'C"on, under any eircmn-
stancesl; :tnd when any commancler, lieutenant_commander or
lielltenaut sits on an)' court-marti:11 the m("mbers of it sh~1I not
exceed five in numh~r ;
(16) Subjt:ct to the fort:~oin:.! re~nhtions, whenever a court-martial shall
be held the officer appointed to preside thereat shall slImm"n ~ll
the oliicer$'n..::ct in "ie'niority to himself present at the pbec where
 a,mlfll Nand Duci#i"e. 169
t'!t courtmartial shall be held 10 sit lhereon. nntil the number of
nme, or such number. not len than five, as is attainable i,
complete, ,

Proceedlnls "1 C.,,",ts.MarUal.

62. A courtmal'tii,l under this Act shnll be held 011 board one of tlie Wlxore
Government ships in conunission or vessels of W;Lf, unless IIle Presidt'llt 01 the court,.
Ullion or lhe officer who Ol'dered Ihe courtmartial in any particular case tor marllallo be
reasons to be recorded on lhe proceedings olherwise dinc!, in ~"hkh case the held,
courtmarlial shall be held at a port at StlC~ cCllvenient plal.:e On shore as the
Pre:.idtnt of the Union or the c.fficer who ordered the court.martlnl shall direct.

&3, A courtmal,ti,,} held in pursuance of this Act may. if it appeara to Alt'llImf of

the COurt that an adjoummel~t i, desirable, be adjourned for a reriod not, xceed. littllli' of
ing six daysl but except where such an adjournment i, ordered shall sit from day courtt-
Io (ny.
1 WItlI th e excep ti on 0 ISla
Ul!( ys, unit., sellkn<.e .
IS .
J,tlvell, un Icss prevented martial.
from so doing by stress of weather or unavoidable accident, and ils proceedings
shall not he delayed b)" the absence of an)' member, so tllal not less than four
arc present; and nO member shall ;Ibsent himself ullies.o; compelled so to do hy
sicknt!s or other just ('nuse, to he approved of by the other members of the
cOllrl. and if any member of a cOllrtmartinl absents himself therefrom. in
contravention of this section, he shall be tljsmissc(l hom naval stnice, or shall
snlfer such other punishment as may be awan:led by a court-m:lrtial.

64, lrr the absence of the jnoAe advocate of the fleet or his deplII)', and Appoililment
in defanlt of any, appointment ill this behalf hy the President of the Union, or by of oRiciatln.
the Ufficer Commandilt.l{ the Bmma Navy. lhe oJlicer who is to he the president of judie
the court.marlial shall appoint a f!l'rsr'1l to officilte as clCflUlr jm!f.!e ad\'ocale at advoea1e
the lrial i and the judJ.!e al1vocate of the Beet ffll'lhr time beill~, or his drptlt}, or
the person officiatinJ,t ag depllt V jnll/:e lldvocate, at any trial shall administer an
oath to every witneslt appearinlol at the trial,

611, As soon il.,,;lhe court is assembled, lhe nam~ of the officers composing .<d.
the COUI"! shall be read ovel' to the person charged, who shall be nsked if he allril\l,
objects to beinJ.( tried by any member of the court; jf the person charged objects to
an}' member, the objection shall be decided by the conrt i if the objection is
allowed. the place :If the memller objected to shall be lilled up by the officer ne'!t
ill selliortly who is not Oil the courtmartial, subject 10 the regnlations hereinbefore
contained,
The person charued may then raise any other objection which he desires
to make respectinJ{ the constitution of the COllr.m'lrtial, and the objection shall
tllen be decided hy the court, which {leci~ion ,,;hall he final, and tile constHution
of Ihe" court.martial !lhall not be afterll'ards impeached, and it shall be deemed to
haYe been ill all resllCCts duly constillllt\1.

66, Be(ore the court procel~ds to tf}' the perso,n ,charJ,:led. the j.udge (bth, tnbe
advoca'e of the fleet, or his depul}'. or the person officI attn" as depnty Ju~ae alhnit,j,tered
lomeml:!en
advocate of the 8<!'et, shall administer to even member of the court the followlll~ of court,.
oath; thai is to So1.)', martbl.
,4
1 do swe,lr. thai I will duly administer justice acco:-dinJ,:l to law, with~t
partialit)', favour, or affection j and 1 do fnrlhrr swear, tha! I .....111
not on ;'Iny account, at ~nr time whatsoe\'er, dlSC,lose or dlScO!er
the vote or opinion of any particul<u member of thl' courtmarttal,
unless thereunto required in due cou:',,;e o( law":
 110
Provided that an affirmation to the ~me effect in such tenns a.s the
President of the URion mal' prescribe in this beh;l)f rna)" be substituted
lor MUl;h oath.

O~tht to be
67, As soon as the s.'lid oath is ;\rlminisl~td to the memhers of the COII'"!-
adminltleud martial. thc presil!elll sh:llI adminisler 10 tllC Juclgc OIdVOl.:ale d Ih~ fleet. or his
to jllllfe deputy, or tLte person offici.1.lhlg as deputy jl\d~e advoc.1.te, the followlIl& oath:
achoote, de.
.. I do swear that J will 1I0t upon any accowlt, at ;Iny time wha1soe't'er,
disc~ or discO\'cr the vote or or-inion of any particular member
t'f the court.m:u111.I, unless thereunto required in due course of
law":
ProTided that an affirmation to the same eKeci in snch terf!ls as the
President 01 the Union may prescribe in Ihis behalf may be lubstituted for
such o.,th,

Power to 68. The President of the Union may make mch general orders regulatini
President to prO\:edure and practice of courlsmarlial as he may from time to time deem
m:.ke urders necess;ary.
for proce-
dure alld
pr~ttira of
courtt-
m.. rti~1.

69. E'f'CT)' person, civil, naval, and milibrr, or bdonline: 10 Ihe air force,
\\"ho may be required to ii'f'C;: tyidtllct" before a COurl-n12rtiai shall be summoned
by \\"rilina IlnO~ the band of a &:c.retlTY to Ihe Gonrnment of lilt Union of
Burma, Or by the (leput)' jud~e ::l.dvoc:l.fC', or thc person appointtd to offici:ilte 2S
deputy judi:e ::l.dvoc:ate at the triOll j and all person!! SO summoncd and atltnding as
williesstS befort al )' conrt-tn:trtial shall. ('uringtheir ntceS5.'I.r)' attendancc in oron
such court, and in goil'Jt to and returning from the fotlmc, 1Jc privilea:ed from arrest,
and shall, if IInduly an-ested, be discharned b)' theColJrI out of which the writ
or proce!tS issued h)' whicb sceh witness W:lS "rre:lled, or, if the court-martial
tbino fll, in case any" such person, \\'lto i:'l subject to this Act. heMlg
!,.-alled upon to Rive evidtnce 3.t any OO\lrl-marlial. refnsts or neglects to
attend to ltive his evidencc uJ:On o.,th or affirmtion, or prevaricates in his
evidtll("e. 0'" behaves with conlenlpt to the court. weh courlmartial may punish
enr)' ~tlCh offender by impri$('\nment. 01". if the offender is a person liable to be
senlenced to ddention under this Act, by dclelliion not Icnl,'er than thre!(" monlhs
in e:tse of liuch rdusal. 1I~IW. or pre\~trication, nor loulter than orc mouth in
the C.1Je 01 stich contempt i and C'f'try person nol subject to this Acl who may be
so IaI'lmlOntd to allend sblll he allowed and p:lid his reasonahle expenses for such
attendan, undt:r the 3t1lh(>rit)' of the fre'sident of the Union or of the pruident
of the courtm.~rtLal on a. fOfciltn stalion.

Ptn~lty 011 ~ Evl,:t) I"CMOn who, upon any eumin.'lion upon oath nr upon
rcr""11 alfirm:allon ~l<>re. any" court-martial held in pllt!luar,ce of this Act, mak~s an)"
til"in!!: blse st:llement \\"!ldl IS false :'lnd which he either knows or bl!lieves 10 Ite false or
cldclce.
d~s not bcht:!C to be true, shall be etecmecl to have committed thc offence of
IU~'11'I1o': [:alse e\'~dence ;. and tvcry such offencc, wheresOcver commlUed. Ihall be
trt.able and pUQlsh3blc m the Union of Buom,
 ,I.
Burlllil Nat!n/ Disdllj'r.

Where it appears upon the trial by courI-martial of auy perlan

171
w_
per$Ol1l arc
charged with an offence that !llIch p~rson is inllane, the conrl shall filld spedally insane al Ihe
the (acl of his iusanity, aad lIh,,1I oreler such roe~on to he kept in strict custody in time of
such place and ill such manner ali the court sh:lll c\cem lit until the dil'et'tiolls of oIfenee or.
the President of tht: Unioll lhtreupon :He know11, anrl it sh:lll be lawful for the trial.
President of lhe Unioll to ~ive orders for the silfe custody of such pt'rson fOI'
such time, in such place, and in such manner as h~ thinks fit.
72. Every judge ,lc1vOClte, or deputy judge aclvoc.lle, 01' persoll officiating Report of
as deputy judge advocate, shall trall~mit wilh as much expedilion as may be the rroctedlnll
of eourts-
original proceedingll, or a complete and authenticated copy thereof, and the martial to be
original sent.:nce of every eoul't'lIIartial attemlec1 by him, to the Officer Com tran.mitted.
manding tbe Burma Navy ~ * f f I and any person tried by a court-martial
shall b.: entitled on demand, to a copy o( lIuch pfoceeding~ and s~nlenec (upon
payment fo\' the same "t the rate of three annas per folio of seventy-two words),
but no such demand shall he allowed after the sp,lee of three years from the date
o( the final decision of such court.
73. A ~"vy List or thc Deft:ll\:e Sllrvilles List or Gazetlf', purpOrtinj:l to be Evidence of
puh'ished by authority and printerl b~' " Government printer, shall be evidence of rank, ele., of
the stalus and rank of the officers lhel'ein mention~d and of an) "ppointment nflicen.
hel,1 by such offi:erll until the contrary is rrovidcd.
t73A. Subject 10 such restrictions or conditions as l11a)' be eonlained in J.'owerof
any commission iSlIucrl under section S5 {3l, the continnin~ oOkcr may, when COllfi,miul
conlinnillg the sentence of " cnurl-m'lftbl or a dillciplillary t:our~ mitigale or OfficCT 10
miligate,
rromit the punishment therebr awarded, or conlmute that pnnhhnl(:nt for ;my less remit or
punishment 01 punillhments to which the offender might have been sentenced commute
by the Courl-mutial or the (Iisciplinal')' court. alnte:acn.
t 738. (I) Any liudilll.! or sentence of a court.marlbl or a di~iplinary conr!
Red,ion o(
which requires COlllirmation may he once revised by order of the conlirmin~ rilldi".Of
officer j and on Sllell revision, lhe t'ourt, if so directed by him, Illa~' take additional vnlence.
evi(lence.
(2 TIlt coul1, on revision, sh,\11 collsist o( the saille (lfficerll as were present
when the original dccision was plssed, unless anr of those offi ;ers ..re lIll:\void
aoly absent.
(3) In case of such unavoi<bhle absence the cause thereof lIhall he duly
certified in the proceedil\j!sl and the COllrt shall proceed with the revillioll l
provided lhat it con:'\ists of not lc:ss than the minimum lIumber of cffictrl
prescribed by this Act.
"7le. W Where ;\ finding of /.,llIilty hy a conrt-martial or a disciplinary Subllitutlon
court, which h:ls been confirmc<l. ill foulld for allr relsan to he inv,,!itl or Clonot of a valid
be supported br the evi,lenCl.', the President 01 the Union or the officer em- nndin, or
le"lence (or
powered by him in thi.. behalf mw subslitute a lleW finclmg, if the new finclinJ,l an inullki
could h:we been \:llidly made by the court on the char/ote "nd jf il aPfears that rinding or
the court mutt have been !latisfied of the fach estllblil>hin~ the offence lIpecified Ic:ntet ce.
or involved in the new lintlinl:!. amI lI1:tr rass a sente11ce for the said offence.
CZl Where ;'\ sentence paslIed by a courtmartial or a (lisciflinary COtlrt,
which has been confirmed 1 not being a sentence passed in pursuance of a new
finclin~ sllblltituLed under suosection W, is found for any re.lS011 to hc invalid,
the President o( the Union or the (Ricer empowered by him in this heh:.1f may
pa.<;s a valid ~nt"'nce.
---
I In ut:tio!l 72, Ihe worm. " ( f se Ii lr ollicl:f, whO) sh 11IIn",mit them to Ihe Prtllident 01
the Union fOr the lime being" were deteted lIy A(t J, 1953.
I Inkrted ibid.
 Bllrma Naval D!sli/J/ine.
(3) The punishment .11I'3rdc.l oy ;l sen!cw.:t: passed under subsection (1)
or sub_1\:ction 12/ Sh3l! 110t be higher ill the scale of punishmel1ts than. or in
cxeess o( the punishmcnts awanlct\ br. \hl;; !lentcnce for which a new scntence is
substituted untlel' Ihis section,

PART V.

PRIS'NS.

Tran~porta. , 7-4-. Whenever sentcnce is I'asserl by a courl-martial all an offtnder

li<>n or 31rtady under scntencc eilhcr of dt:lentioll, illlprisollTncul or tr.1I1sportatiolL passed
iml'rison-
IHent of upon him uuder this Ad fOl' a formcr offence, the court Ill\\" award,sentem:e of
offender detention, imprisOllment or transportation for the offenl'e of which he is under
i1lre.1d~ under trial to commence at the expiration of the detelltion, imprisonment or transporta-
se"ten<:e lor tion to which he ha5 been previously stllienced, althouJ.(h tILe aJ.(gregate oC the
1l~~'lou~ telms of detention, impri~('lnmel1t or transport:ltion 11I1y l'xcted the term for which
o,tellce.
any of those punishments could he otherwise awarded:
Provided that nothin~ in this section sh:Jl1 cause a person 10 ulldergo
imprisolllllcllt for any periol! exceedin,:: in the aj:(gl'egate live comecutive rea... or
to undergo detention for ,my period exceeding in the ;ll!l!re!t:lte two consecnth'e
ye:\r~, aod so much oC !lny terlll as \l"ould prolon/.( the lola I term of imprisonment
be\'ond five consecutive ye."'s (ll" the totll term of detention beYond two conse-
cutive years l'11111 be deemccl to bc remitted.
Tdmand. 75. fI) Evel)' term of [transportation or Imj>L"isollmcnt] I or cletenlion in
pla.:e of purSU111ce of this Act ~hall be recknnecl :lS l'onunencinj:( on the dar on which the
in'l'ri~op
ment. senkncc wai> <lwardt:d, and the jllll:e of [transpor{.llioll or imprisonment]! or
cletention, whethcl' the [tL';lIIsporl:JtiOll or impl'isonmelll]' or (]l'lclltion W:lS
awarded :IS an origiu.11 OI":lS a coml1ll1tr:d pUllislimed, ~h:lll he S\1ch place as mal'
be .1ppoil1ted hy the ~OU1t or the commandil'!! otlieer a\\'.ln1in~ the punishment,
01" whid\ 1lll}' from tilue to time be appoiutc<l by the Prc~idclLt of the Union, and
nlay. in tllt: case of [transportation 01' illll'ri..onmellt], l be olle of the naval prisons
appointed under this Act, or naval detention quarters, or all}" COllll\\on gaol, house
of correction, or military prison or detention harL'ack. a11(l 1Il:l\' in the case of
detention he: allV llav,11 detention qU:lfters 0I':l milit:lry detention 'barrack,
(2) Where, by rea:ID1l of a ship heiul! .11 sea or off :J place at which there
is no pl'oper prison, or n;lVal det\:ntion \Il1artel'S, a sentence of [lraLisporltion
or imJ'!'isnnmellt]' or detention, :IS the case may he. cannot be duly executed,
thell. suhjcct as hcrciu;lfter mentioned, an offender lInrler sentence of [tr:lnsporta
tion or inlprisolllllcut)1 or de:elltiol1, as the case m:IY be, nn}" be sent with all
fCasonable speed to some place at which there is a proper prison or naval
detentioll quarters, or, ill the case 01 an ,1ffender under sentence I)f detention, to
some phce at which there :Ire ll:Ival deleLltion qU\flel'S, in which the sentence
C:lIl b~ dill\' executed, :'tnd On arrival there the offender shall Ilndel'J;(o his
sentence, in like manner, as if the flatl' of snch arri\'al were the day on which the
sentence W Ii awarded, and that notwithstanclillJ;( that in the meanwhile he has
relLlI'nct! to hi. tluty or become entitled to his discharge; and the term of
[tr:lns,'orla\;on or impri~onmenl]' or detention, as th! case m:lY bel shall be
reckoned ac.:oHlin~ly, subject however to the de(luction of any time durin!! which
he h3S hern kept ill confinement in resped of the s:lid sentence,
(.n Where in purSU:lnce of thi~ Act a per-sOIl is ~entellct:d to (tr"nsrorta-
tion or imprisollment]' or detention the order of lhe Presic\elll of the Union
01' of the Olli.cer Commanding the Burma Navy, or of the officer ordering the
courtmartial by which such pel'sOn was ~entellcec\, or, if he was sentenr:ed

I Substilute::! by Act I, 1953.

 173
hV the commaudinJ:l: officer of a ship, the order of sneh commandina officer, Ilmtl
be a sllfficienl w:m'ant {or the sending cf stich pt:rson to the place of [transportation
or im yrisollmcnt] 1 cr dctemion. there to 1I11c1tr~o his scutence accunlillJ,' to Jaw.
;'Incl until he I'C:tches such place of (transpol'tation or imprisonlllcnt]l
or ddention for detaininQ; him in naval cnsl()(ly, or in the ~'\se of a person
sentenced to [tr:msportation or imrrilOnmenl] I in any civil prison or rlace of
confinement.

76. Where a person has been sentenced to [transplrlalioll or r imprisonment Power to

or detention the Pre~idtllt of the Union or oRicer who by virtue of sulNtetion (,j) .~
of ~ection 75 of Ibis Act has power 10 issue :in order of cemmillal lhereinafter i~ len leta.
thi$ !tt'Clion referred to as "the commillin~ ;'Iuthorily "J mOlY, in Jic-II of iSItJinR; such
an order, order that the sentence be suspenderl until an order or commitl;11 if iuued,
and in such ~se-

(Q) notwithst~ndillL: an)'lhinL: in this Act, the term or Ihe stntencc shall
nol be reckoned as commencin5f unlil an ordf'r of committal is
issued;
(b) the case may ;It any lime, and shall at intervals or not more Ihan three
months, be recollsidered b)' the President of Ihe Union, or
comnlittill~ authority. Or an officer holdinlt such comnlalld as Ihe
President of the Umoll mol\' by rcgul;ltion PN:k'rihe, and it on any
snch reconsillcr.lliolt It aprcarli 10 till Prlsidll.l of Ih(' Un:< II or
comnlillillg aUlhority or officer that the cnudu..:t of the offcnc~er
since his conviction hall been such as 10 justify a remlnion of the
Sf'ntel;ce the President of the Union or commiUill~ authorily Ol'
ollicer shall remit the whole or allY part or it ;
fe) subject to rc~ulations made (,)0" the Prl'siclenl of Ihe t: .. iOll the
Pre.sident of the Unioll or cOl1l111ittill~nuthoritr, or all ofticer holding
such cOmm<llld as the,Presidt:nt 01 tile Unioll mar by regul"lioll
prescriix-, may at any time whilst the seutence is wSj:ended iSlue
au order of commillal :lIld thereupon the scnlcm:e shall cease tobe
!juspended;
(d) where a per!j()ll suhject to thi!i Act, whilst a ltCllteJlCe on him is 10
suspended, is sCllknccd to trallsporlalion or illlprisollmt'nt or
detenl'r11l fol' :my other nffl'nce thf'I1, if ht. b.at any time committed
either under Ihe suspended sentence or under allY such subltequenl
senlem"c, and whether (If not allY such lttlb~ (quent ~cntem~e has
'llso bct'n suspcnded, the commillinlt authoril)' may direct that the
t\\'o !'el1tence~ shall run either conCllrrt'nlly or l.:onseculively. so.
however, as not 10 cause a persollio ullflt:rj.!o irn)lri~ollm:lIt for a
period t'xceedill~ the aj,(j.!rej.!ate of li\'c cc mecutive l'tarS (..r 10
ulldetj.lo detention for a period c,"ceedinl: the llCL:re~ate of 1\1"0
conse,uli\"e years, and where the sentence of such oilier offence is
a sentence of tr:tll:>porlatiOIl. IIlen. \\ helher or not that sentence is
suspended, anr predou5 ~entellLe (\( imprisonment or detenlion
which has been suspended shall be avoided"
[WheN' a person has be~n ~entenced to trallsllOrt"tion or implisonmentl' or
detention and <tn order of committal has he,.n issll('d. the Prrsident of the Union
or the cOl1lmitlin~ authorit~". or all officer holdin!,! such comm111d as the Prnil:Cllt
of the Union rna\, br reJ!ulation prescri~, may order the sentence to be sl:spcndcd.
illltl in sxh C"ISC the person whose sentence IS suspended shall he discha:~etl and

, SubStituted by Act I, )IIS}

IlIlCrte<! ibid.
 174 Burma Naval Disci/lint,

the etlrrener 01 the sentence s1:'lalt be suspended until he is a~in committed under
the same senlence, and the foregoinl! p~r.1l!r,lPhs (6), (cl alld fa') of this s:ction
shall appl~' ill like manner as ill the cast: where a sentence has been IU$pended
bdore an orde;' of eommilt<t1 has been issued,
Where a sentence i!> suspended under this sedion, whethe!' before or after
commilt;ll, the Presidelll or the UniOll or, ~Ilhject to allY regulation or direction
whkh may be i~slled loy tht' Prtsidcnl of the Uniol1, the commitlinJ.t authority or
officer by whom tht'! senttllce is ~llsrended may, 1I0twilh!llandin,:: anythin,:: in
section SS of thii Act, <lireclthat any penalty which is involved by [the punishment
of tr.mspolbtion or implisonment or detelltion] I either shall be or shall not be
remitted or suspen(led,

Pl:u:e of 17. Whenever it is deemed expe{lien! it sh;11l he I;miul for the President
impris'lilment of the Union, Ihe Officer Commanding the Bnrma Navy, or senior naval oRicer
nlay be preso:nt, by :l11Y order in writing, from time to time to chaJ1ge the place of
chan,ed,
ot,. eonnm:mt:nt 01 anr offcn<!el'illll'risOllecl or sentenced to be imprisoned or detained
in pursuance of this Act or of an)" vffender nnder~oin/;l or sentenced to tlnderJ{o
(!elenliOll, and the J,!.luler or other person !l:l\in~ tile CI1!:>tody of sl1ch ,fftnder
shall illlmt:diatelr on receipt of stich order remove such offender to the gaol,
prison, or honse 01 corrt:ctioll, or, in thc case of an offender underJ{oinlil or
senlenced to underAo detention, to the naval detention qnarters mentioned in the
said orller, or sh:tll dt1i\er him over to nav,ll custod}' for the purpose of the
offt:lltler !>tlll!! removed 10 suclt prison or !laval <letedion quarters; and every
gaoler or keeper of such bst-lllent;one:1 I,risen. !-lao!, or hou~e 01 correction or
na\':11 (letentioll quarters shall, npOll ~in~ rurni~lll':d with a {'npr of stIch Ol'der of
relllol"al, allestetl b)":l Secrt:l:nr to the Go\'ernmclIt 01 the Ullion of Burma for the
time heilig, receive i ItO his cllstod}' and shall coniine pnrsnan! to such sentence
or onkr ew:rr SllC!) ofkll{Ier.

E~pell5es of 78, The J.:\o!t:, or othcr person rcmo\'iog anr offender in pursu;mce of such
remo\'alor order sha1l hc allowed for the charges of sllch removal a snm not exc('('din~
~"h~;stellce
01 I'No,er$. twdre :lI1l1:IS a milt:, amlll"hcn any offender is 1I0t connned in a naval prison or
nanl detenlion C)lIarlcrs the !!aoler or othtr person in \\'hose custody any !ouch
offender rna}' he, shall receive such ,1n allowance .1$ the President of the Union
shall from time to time direct for ('\'ery dar that sllch offender is in his ,,;ustoc!y, to
be apllliecllowanJs his subsistence, ancl stich stirn shall be p.1id to the said gaoler
or other pcr5(l1l nnder the authority ('of lhc Prtl'idellt of the Union upon the
application in writin!! made to the I'residellt of the Union by the District Ma~islrale
within whose jurisilicliC\n suc.h g:lOl, prison, or hOllse 01 correction shall be situate,
with a copy o( the sentem:e or order under which the offender is conlined.

Pro..;so for 19. Whent\'cr anr offender is nndt'rl!nillg imprisonment or dtlention-in

dbch~rge or pursuance of this Ad, it ~h.11I bc lawfllifor the P,t:sidentof the Union or, where an
relno\al of offender is unde~lill!! imprisonment or detention by orcler of his cOlllmandina
rriSO:lcrs , officu. fror such cOlllmanding <.ffictr or 11:e I'rrsidenl ('If the Union to Ril'e an
order in ~\'Ti1in~ (Iircelh~ Ihat th,,; offender he discharged; :md it shall also be
lawful for the l'resi(knl of the r nit-n.and :In)" (ffict:r comm;l,nding any of lhe Govel"ll-
mtllt shirs in commission, h\' order in wrilmg, 10 direcllhat any such offellder
be (:e1i,.:red O\'er 10 nanl custody for Iht: pmp05e of being brou)!:ht before a
court,marti:ll, eithtr as a witne:;!!, or for trial or other\\'i5e, and such dfender shall
;locorllindr, on the production o( an)' sUl;:h OH!t::-. bt: disclur/oted. or be dcli\"ered
over 10 such ctistody.

I Sub.!tltultd by Act r, 19~3.

 .BurlM Napal DiJ,i.ti,lt. 175
80.. Th~ time lI~lrin~ whkh allY offender under sentence of imprisonment PrO\"iJo as to
or de~entlon IS ?el;U!lCd in nOl,val custody shall he recltont:d as imprisonment or lime of
dettnllon nodeIf hISk5~'nlence fnr wh;t~ev" purpose he is so detaiued ; and the ~~lion ill
ion~lnor. $t:toer~ ef'~r. c~ snJ)ennlendt'1I1 who shall ddlver over anY5Uch c~lod)',
offender shall a~~\111 receive hlln from n;\v:lh:u~to<ly so that he ma~' IInd~o the
remainder of his pUlli~hmcnt. '
81. If an}' person imprisoned or under~oinv; detention by vil'lue of this Ad 111 I~,e of
bttomes ins.1ne, :'l:ct a ,,;ertilit;:.le to Ihat effe..:t h given by two phy~ici:lIls or 11l!ltlit)'
surgeon", lilt President of the Union shall, b}' \\'...rl":\lIl, direct the removal of ~ucb f:"0I1efl_ to
person to such lunatic a~ylt1m ('If other proper rccept:lcie for ill.Un!' persons in the to:':' ed
Union of nurma as h~ rna)' julille pr;>per for the unexpired term of his IlIll~li<:
imprisonmellt or detention; and if ....n)' such pencn is in the same manner ~rtified u)1un.
to be ag lin of sound mind, the Presidel!t of the Union may issue a warrant for his
being removed to such prison or place of rollhnemenl or, in lhe caS/.: of" prrllOn
sentenced to dclention, such naval detention quarters as may be deemc;,d uperlient,
to undergo llu: remainder of his punishment, and every g:lOkr or he\ltr of any
prison, laol, or house of correction shall receive llim accordillW}',
82, CIl The President of the Union may ~t ap:art an}' buildings or ve~e1s '"he
or any Plrts thereof, as navd prisons or naval detention qunters. and any Presidc~llt
buildinszs !'If vessel, or p IrtS of buildings or vessels. so set a~rt as n.iV6l1 prisons or rll~Ysd ~part
buildinC'
nav:ll detention quarters, as the c:nt (f\;lY be, .hall be deeme<I to he nn:d prisons aml'hip' as
or naval detention qu Irters, respectively, \\"ilhin the mtanilll! of this Act. n~...al
:Zl The President of the Union rna}' make rules providillj(- prisons.
(a) for the governmcnt, m:l1l" gement and re~nlalion of tllch mwa l
prisons or det.ention lJuarten ;
(bl for the appointment and remo\'a! find powt:rs of inspectors, visitClTS,
superintendents and officerli thereof;
(cl for the labour of prisoners nnd{'~oin~ confincment thereiu, and for-
enah'in~ persons 10 e.1nl, h)' ~pecial indns!r)' :tnd J.!:ood conduct. a
remission of a portion of their segteuce; and
(J) for the nfe eu~todr of prisoners and the mahtenance of discipline
.lmonj;[ them and the punishment. by person:ll correction, restraint
or otherwise, of offences commiU,'(\ bl' prisoners:
Provided that s~ch rules shall not ~Ilthorise corporal punishment to be
inflicted fOl' any offellcc 110r rencler the imprisollmcnt lllore severe
than L is un(ler the law for the time bdne: in force rel:ttinJl to civil
prisons.
(J) Rules made IIncler this section rna}' provide for the appl.ic:l.tion to n.tval
prisons of allY of the pro\,jsions of the Prisons Act relating to the duties of officers
of priml1s 'hid the punishment of persons not p:-isonerl>.
. 83. If any p.=rson con\'C}'S or C111Ses 10 l>e cOIl\'c)'ed i~to any such naval I'cn.altia on
aidinll: l;Kape
POSOn or an)' such naval detention quarlers any arm~. tools, or Instruments, or ~ny or attempt 10
mask or other disl!:uise to facilitate the esc.lpe of any pri~ner or person nnderllO~ng e~eal'e of
detention or br any means whalever aids 311)' prisclilcr ,or persoll llncl~rgo!nlL pri,,,,ncrs
detention 10 eSC;lpe or ill an attcmpt to C&C.1T'C Irom such prl5l'1I or n:wal (letc."tlOn al,d ('"
breach 01
'til 'rteN, whether an est'art be actually ffi:\dc or not, such .person shall be p\ll"llshed rri$Ol1
with illlpl'isonmcnt, which rna\' be tither ril!:orous or Simple, for ~n}' .term \I(>t r~ClllatiO!l'.
u:ceedinj;[ fourtecll-years; and if any per~1I brill'.~s or :Itlempts to brlllJ!..I~to such
priSon or naY:l1 delentio~ quarten, in contr.l\'enlinn flf th~ rules. any splnluouS or
f"nnenlec1 liquor, he shall for every such ,.f{encc be hable to a penalty no~
t:xceed;ng two hunclrd rupees and not less th....n one hundred rupees; ancl ~f an}
person brin~s illt'l such prison or n~vJ.1 rlctention quarters or 10 ~ for :ul.y pnsom=r
Or ~r$Qn uncl~r~oin~ detention, withol.lt the kno\\'led~e of the offic~r haVing tbarge
 176 BlIrll/tI Ntft1ll1 DisripUl/t,

or oommand Ihereof, any mone)", clothing, provisions, tobacco,!elters. p:lpers, or

other ,lrlic1" not :lllow~l1 by rules of the prison or nav.,1 dd~ntion qu.ul~rs. to be
in the possession o(:l P1isotler or pefl;OlI nndel"ll:oill): ddenlion, ( f lhro\\'~ into the
s:lid prison or n,\:l.1 detentiou qn~r1ers .my such article., nr by de~irC' of any
prisoner or person underJtoilll!: detenlior., without Ihe s.mction of ~he said c.fficer,
c,'lrrits onl of the !=orison or na\'ailltlention quuters :lny 01 the articles :lforesaid.
he shall lor every sneh off~l\ce he liable to a penally not ucee{linR fifty rupteSj
and if any perSOll intelTupts any officer of such prison or nav;t! detention quarters
in the execution o( his dllty. or aid~ or excites any I~rson to ass.\nlt, rui!'!, or
interrupt an)' sudl rfficer. he sh:.11 fl r t'\'cry slich dfence be liable to a penalty not
exocediu): lift), rul'Cts, or if th~ dfelUler is a prisoner or person tlllcle~oing
detention l lIt sl1all he punished with im~isonment. whkh may be either r,gorous
or simple. for "n)' lime not exceedin): six calendar months. in addition to so moch
of the lime for which he W:'l5 ori~inally sentenced :IS may be then unexpired, and
every snch penally ~hall he "pplied as the President o( th~ Union shall direel, any
law, stahlle, ch;\l"Ier, or cuslom to the contrary nolwithst.1ndinj.!,
re:laltyas 8., I~ver)' ~o\'ernor, Itaoler, and hepcr of allY prison, ):aol. or honse of
rCJr.lnb
aolcn. etc, correctioll or ('If any naval (IetrntiOIl CJnarler~. and ever)' offi~er havinlt Ihe char~t:
or comnl1nd of an\" place, ship, or vessel for imprisonment, who, without
hw(ul ex,lIsc. rduses or negleds to fl'oeive or ~'onfines, remOves, dischat'R" or
(IelivC'1'lI up an)' offem!~r :l~ainst the rrnvisicn~ of this Act, or all)' of thenl, sholll
incnr (M' en-f)' suo.:h refnlC.11 or re):Ieel a {K'lla1tr not t:x~eedin): one thousand
rnrotes, anti CVl'rr snch penalh' shalll>e applied as the l'rcsillcllt of the Union shall
tlirecl. an)' law, daln!e, charl,'r, or cuslom to the co"trar\, notwithstandin~.

Versons 85. F:VCI"y per~Ol\ in ('If hl:loll.L!inJ! to the Rurma Navy, :lI1d borne on the
slItojt to
this Act. books of any olle of the Gon'rl1lllcnt ships in commission alld every m~mber
(\( tI... Bnrma N:l\"tl Vohmleer Uestrve clllrinJ!: and in l'espt{.:1 of the lime when
he iii scrvilla: in the Rurm:lo N:lov\', whetho:r for tr:l.ininJt or exerci~ or I)''lvinl! 1~C'n
callell up (or any dilly or lIoen'ice ill Ihe Burtn:l N:wr, :011:111 he stlh~t 10 this Act;
;\11d all olher pel"$Qns IWN'h)' or hyan)' other Act made liahle thereto ~haJ1l~
triahle and flU11ish.d.le under the provisions of this Act.
Land ~d ;lir
fOf\t:! 86, The Allrma land :l.nrl a.ir lorc~s. when emh:lrked on boud any nf the
embarked as Governml:111 shirl' in \~Ol1llllis~i('n, slm111~ sllhjectto Ill..: provisions of this Act to
{IOIucng~. lluch I':l:tl'nl and noner such n:gnlati(ll~s ,U t~e President of the Uninn, b~' a.ny
onJer or (lrners, sh:dl al :tnr time Qt' tImes direct,
other
!'CnouS a7. ,\,11 other pcr:lOIlS :lrdered 10 he r~ceivedor bdn): ~n):~n; on bo:lm
cml>.lrlr.cd :lon)',o( Ihe G~\'ernment ships in o.:ommission sh:lll he deem~d to he Pt'~50ns
u~,
subl~et to tin.. Act. mu"lc:r such rrgutltions ;IS the President of the Union 1IIi1}'
.~ hom time 10 lime direct. .
Pro,i.o;iotlS
.efle.:l in , ~, \\',Ih r~pecl to \'e~sels in naval sen'ice in time of war, wliethcr
di,;.:iplin~ill btl?nlo:lllj! 10 Ih~ G('l\'Crnmellt 01' not, which are not whollv manned by U::"";,1
shif'l~ ill r:lI1~~s, hilt belllJ! either :lrmecl or under the command of an officer in na\',1
Il;l\al.enice len'lce: lite (~lIow~ll~ pr(l\'i~ions sh:lll bke effect iI in any e:lo~ the Presic!eot (If
ill. war,
the Um?!l Ih!nk~ lit s? ~(1 (I.~ct, :lond wlY.re such direction is gh'en the same shall
be l peclhed In Ihe slUfi s arlich':
(II E\...;-~ I'CI"$QI\ !nrne on Ihe boo!':s of :In)' sllch V\:t$e! shall he suhj~d
to Ibis Ao.:l ;
t1l AllY off~nce c,'m'lliUcd til' an)' !'lIch flC'rson Shltl be lried and
punished as the like offence might be tried and PUnished if
oommiUed by any peNon in or belonp;ing to tbe Burma Navy aDd
 177

borne on the books of any of the Government ships in commillo

sian;
(3) Every such offenrler who is to be tried by courtmartial shall be
placed under all necessary restraiot until he ean be tried by
conrt-l\llrti:11 ; ,
(41 On application made to the Presidc:nl of the Union or 10 the Officer
Commandin~ the Burma Navy or senior officer of any of Ihe
Government ships in commission or vesst=ls of war abroad
authorise.1 to assemble and hold cOllrtsmartial, the President
at the Union, Officer CummandinR the Burma Navy or kniorofficer
(as the l:ast: Illar he) shall assenlble and hold a collrtmartial for
the trial of lhe offeilder;
15) The offic:r comman.iing nery such vessel shall AA\'e the nme
power in respect of all other persons borne on the boob thereof,
or for tlJt:'time beillJ,t On board the sante, as the officer command.
ing one of the Government ships in commission has for the time
being in respect o{ the officers ami crew ~hercof or OtMl' persons
on board the same: Provided that ill the absente of the officer
commandin~ such vessel, the oOieer commalldinJ{ the ship or vessel
or station in which soch persall may for the time being be held in
custody shall have such power as afotcaid ;
(6) The Officer Commanding the Durnn l'aY}' and scnior naY:l.1 oBicer in
the n.wal service sh:l.lI have the s.1111C powers over the officers and
crew of every ~nch ves~el as they h;\\'e for the time bcinJ,! over the
officers :t.nd crew of ~1I1Y of the Government ships in commission.

89. (1) Where an officer or noncoml!ussioncd officer, nol below the rank Rel.liOlll
of ser~e:lnt, is :t. member of :t. body of tile Bumla military fcrees adin~ with, or is brtwo:en
attached la, any bally of the Burma naval forces undn loueh conditions:t.ll rna)' be milihl'J'
"ava.! alld
prescrib(d by rel.1ulations made b)' the Prcsiclellt of the Union, then, for the air feme_
purposes of cJmm:t.nd and discipline and for lhe purposes of the provisions of &CUnlt
thill Act rdatinJ.: to snperior cfficen, he sh311, in relation to :ouch body of Ihe together,
Burma Il:t.V:l.1 forces as aforesaid. be treated and may exercise all such pOwenl
(other than powers of punishment), as if he wel'e a naval olliccr or petty officer,
as lhe case (1m)' be, '
(2) Wherc an officer or llon,col1ll1lil>~ioned nfficcr, not helow the rank of
serg~ant, is a mcmber oE a body of thc Burma Air Forc.: actin!: with anr body of
the Burma \Iowa! forces under such conditions as m;ly bc prescrihed by, rellula-
liollS made by the President of the Union, MId such officer or non-commissioned
offiet:r is not borne on the books of :IllY of the Government ship~ in commission,
theil, for the purposcs of CQmmancl and discipline ;111\1 for the purposes of the
proyisiol'r;, of this Ad rebtinR to superior oflil'l'rs, lie simI!, in relation to such
body of the Burma naval forces as aforesaid, he treated, and rna)' exercise all
such powers (other lhan powers of punishmcllt), as il he were;l n)\'al dficer or
petty officer, as the case may be,
(j) Where anY naval officer or seaman is a member of :I. hody of Ihe
Burma lIaval forc~s :~c1inR with or is attached to any body of lite Burma military
forces under such conditions as m:t.ybe prescribed hy rc~ulJ,:ions made by the
President of the Ullion and then, for tht: purposes of comm.md and diloCipline
and for the purposes of the provisions of Ihis Ac~ rciatinR to sureriOl' officers,
the officers ;tn,1 JlOfloCommissinncd offi;~rs, not hc.ow the rank of K.rl!t:ant, o(
such mililar\' bodysh:tll, ill relation to him, he treated, and lnay exercl~ allluch
p.lwers (t'\th~r tlun plWel':> of pulushment), 205 if they were Danl officect and,
petty offictrs.

12
 178 BurmtJ NilMI Di<dpline,

(41 Where any naval officer or se:lman is a member of a body of the

Burma r.aV:ll force~ actina with any body of the Hornn Air Force under such
condiliOlls as may be prescribed hy regulations made by the President of the
Union, then, fol'the purposes of command and discipline and for the purposes
of the pJ'ovisions of this Act relating to sup~ri(lr officers, the officers and non-
commissioned officers, not helow the rank of sergeant. of !uch body of the air
force shall, in relation 10 him, be treated, and m'\y exercise all such powers
(other than powers of punishmellt), as if. they were naval officers and petly
officers,
1(4Al Whene\'er persons subject to this Act are servinr;l whether within or
without the Union of BUnlla nnder ;tn officer not subject to this Act, the
President of the Union may prescribe the officer by whom the powers, which,
under this Act, may he exercised by officer,~ commanding ships and shore
estahlishments, shall, as regards such persons, be exercised,
'(4Bl The President of the Union may confer such powers either
absolutelr or subject to such restrictions, restrvations, exceptions and conditions
as he may think ~t.
(5) The relative rank of naval and military and air force office:-s, pelty
officers and non-commissioned officers shall, for the purposes of this section, be
such as is indicated in the Schedule to this Act.
Crews of 90, When ,my One 01 the Go\'ernment ships in commission is wrecked or
.llips lost or los1 or deslroyed, or taken by the enemy. such ship shall. for the purposes of this
deslruytd,
Act, b~ cleC'med 10 remain in commission until the crew shall be regularly
remo\ed into some other of the GJvernment ships of war, or onti! acourtmarlial
shall have been held, pursuant to the custom of the Navy in such caSl:S, toinqllire
into the cause l,f the wreck, loss, destru~tion, or capture of the said ship.

All the 91, When no specific char~e is made :lR;.dnst any officer or seaman or
officers and other perSOn in the Beet for or in l'eSpect or in consequence of sneh wreck, loss,
crew, I lost riestrucliCln,or capttlre, it shall be la\\'(\l11o Iry all the officers and crew, or all
ship may be
tried by OIIC the survi,'iog officers alld crew of any such' ship to~ether, before olle and the
COllrl. $;tme c(lurl, and to (all upon all Qr any df them when upon their trial to a:ive
evidence on oath oaRia rmation before the court touchin~ any of the matters
then under illlIUiI'Y, hut no olli.cer or seaman or other pers"n shall be obli~(d to
give allY evidence whkh lII:ly tend to criminate himself.

'" b, 92, When deemed necessary by the President of the Union or anrofficer
cr aralc authorised lu orj~r l:Ourlsmartial, scparate rourls-martial shall be held for the
cowl. trial of !Ollle olle 01' mOI'C' of SlIeI, I fli~crs a,-Ii new for or in respect or in
consequence of the wreck,l"ss, dl'strllction, or capture of any such ship,

.'or 93, For any (>fh~nc\'l or off(lli,;es commilh: [ by any oaleer or ~arrl.'\n,
. l\looe::tutot or officer,:; ami seamen, after the wrf'\:k, 105:>. clestrur.tion, or capture 0 f
oIrcnce, :to)' such ship, a separate court-martial shall be held for the trial of such offender
tiepuale
court. or offene'er,:;.
Para( crCWt 9", When any ship of the Burma Navy is wrecked, lost; or otherwise
c1sbirs 10ft destroyed, or laken by the elle01Y, if it appears by tbe sentence of a court
or t:l.kcn. m.'\tth,1 that the crew of such ship did, in the case of a ship wrecked or Il)St,
do their utmost to ~ave her or get her (Iff, and in the case of a ship taken by the
enemy, did their utmost to defenrl themselvu, and that they have, since the
wreck, destru':li~n, loss, or c;J~tl,;re of such ship, behaved themselves well and

loserkd by Act I, 1953.

been obedient to their officers, thell all the pal' of snch crew,. or of such portions
of such crews as have IJchaved themsdves wdl iUI(l been obedient tG t1u:ir
offilo:ers, shall be cOlltinued until the lime of their being discharged or removed
into other ships of the Burma Navy, or dyill!!_

95. If the ship of ;1Il)' ofiicer ordered to command any two or more of tile When Iblp
Government' l:lhips ill eomlllis~ioll is wrecked, 1051, or otherwise destrol'ed .lIuch nl knklr
officer shall conlinue in Ihe comm;lOd of any ship or ships which at the time of nn',CtT i.lt It
he m;,)'
hit ship being wrecked, lost. or destroyed was or wcr~ nl1der his command, and dilrwe of
it shall be lindal (Or such officel to order the SU,,-j\'illi ollicers ;tnd crew 01 the officer. nod
wl\:cked, lost, or destroyed sllip to join any other .lIhip under bis wnlluand, ur 10 crew 011011
distribute them amoll~ the other shipS under his command, if more than one, and Ibip.
snch ofticer shall, Ulltil he meehi wilh some other oftker sellior to himself, have
the same power and allthority in all respects as if his ship had not been wrecked.
lost, or destroyed_
96. It shall not be !;n\"ful for any persa:1 to arresl any petty officer or Rcatridlon
seaman, by allY warrant, process, or writ for all}' debt, unless the d,bt was Oil Ineslof
contracted at a tillle when the debtor did 1101 belong to rlaval ~rvjce, nor un less ~men,elc.,
before the issuing o the warrallt, process, or writ, the plaintiff ill the suit or lor debt.
some person on his hehalf htls made:an affidavit in the Court out of which it is
issued. thai the debt ju~t1y due to the plaintiff (over and above all costl) wal
contracled at a time when the debtor did not helonR to naval service, nor unless
a memorandum of luch affidavit is marked on the back of IIle warrallt. process,
or writ.
97. If allY petty officer or seaman it arTestcd in contravention of Ihe Dbehlrp
provisions (If the last foregoing seelion, the Court out of which the .....arrant, from alT'Ctl.
process, or writ issues, ot' any judge thrted, marion cOlllpl.,int or ttle part)'
arre~te(l, or br his superior officer, in\'l,~stil:!ale the case on oath or otherwise. ;mel
if salisfied that the arrest was made ill contravention of thc provisiOlls of tile last
forcgoing section, m:lr make an order for the immediate disch3rge 01 the p.uly
arrelterl, with\.ut fee, nod rna)' award to the complainant Ihe cosll of his
compl;linl, to be taxed by the proper officer, for the recovery whereof be shall
have the like remedya5 tI:e plaintiff ill the suit wonld have on judgnlt'nt being
given in his favour with costs.
98, 11) A persall subject to Ihis Act ~hall be liable to wntrihute to the Liability of
m..,inlenal1ce of his wife and of his childreu, kgitimatt or iIIelo:ilimate, to lilt S<lme
eztent as if he were not so subject i but execution in respect 01 any slJcli liability
,,,
I~-amen, etc.,
mainlenarKAI
Or o( an)' decree or order in n:spect o( such maintenance shall not iSltle against ofwivu an'
his person, I)<I.}'. arms, ammunition, equipments, instnln:ents, or clothing, cbUmn.
(21 Where-
(al it appears 10 the s.,tislaclion of Ihe President of tile Union or any
person deputed hy him for the purpose thai a person subject to
this Act has deserted or Ie!! ill destitute circumstances. without
reasolftlble cause, his wife or any of his le~ilimatc children under
foul'leen years of a~e : or
lbl any (lecree or ord(r is made under any law for pa)'ment by a man
who is or subselluently becomes subj.;;ct lo this Act either of the
cost of the maintenallce of his wife or child, or of the co~t of any
relief given to his wife or chilo h)' way of 10;lIl, and a cory of aDch
decree nr artIer is sent'0 the President o( Iht Union or any person
deputed br him lor the l'Iurpo~c;
the President of the Union or the ptrsOll Sl'l depuled may nirect to he deducted
frOID the pay of the perwn so sobject to this Act. and to ~ appropriated t,owardi
180
the maintenance of his wife or children, or in liquidation of the lum adjudged 10
be paid by such decree or order, as the casc may be, in such .:nanner as the
President of the Union or the person so deputed may think fit, a portion of such
pay at hi.i discretion, bul the amount deducted ShlU not ex<;d the amount fixed
I

by the de..:.ree or or~l:'r (if any), and shal~ not be a hi2h~r rate than the rates fixed
by foles made in thIS behalf by the President of the Umon :
Provided thl1 no slIch deductions from PoW in liquidation of a SUID adjud~ed
to be paid by a decree or order as aforesaid sball be ordered unless the President
of the Union, or the person deputed by him, is So.'\tisfied that the person against
whom the decree or order was made has had:1 reasonable opportunity of appearine
himself, or has appe:lUd by a duly authorised legal representative, to defend the
case before the Court by whkh the decree or order was made. and a certificate,
purporting to be a certificate of tbe co~mandillg offi~er of the ship on which he
was or is servin!:. or on Ihe books of willch he was or IS borne that the perSOn has
bt;:en prevented by the requirem~nts of the service from attending at a hearing or
any such Colse shall be evidcnc~ of the fact IInless the contrary is proved.
Where :my arre<1rS have accumulated in respect of sums adjlK.lged to be
paid hy allY such decree or order a$ aforesaid whilst the person ~nst whom Ult
decree or order was made was serving under this Act, \'.'hether or not deductions
in respect thereo have be~n made rom bis pay under this sedioR, then a(let he
has cc,\Sed so to serve an order of committal shall not be made in res~t of those
arrears unless the Court is satisfied that he is able, or has. since he has ceased so
to serve. been able to p..1Y the arrears or any P;\rt thereof and has (ailed to do so,
(3) Wht:re a proceedinJ: under any law is instituted against a person
subject to Ihis Act for Ihe purpose of enforcinJ: aeainst him any such liability as
above in this section mentioned, the prOCCS$ may be served on the commandin~
officer of the ship on which he is serving or on the books of which such person is
borne. or where, bV reason of the ship being at sea or otherwise, it is impracti.
cahle to serve the process On such commanding officer, the prOCesS may, after
not less than t~[ee weeks' notice to the President of the Union, be served by
being senl to a Secretary to the GOVCrtUnn1t of the Union of &tml. for
tr:lnsmission to such commandin~ officer, but SllCh service shall not be valid
unless there is left therewith in the hands of such commanding officer or
President of the Union such slim of money, if any (to be adjudged as cosls incurred
in obtaining the decree or order if madt: al/.ainst the person on whom the process
is issuedl, as may be 6x~ by the Presidenl of the Union 3S being necessary to
enable him to attend tht: hearing of the case ~d to return to his ship or Quarters,
and such sum may be expended by the comm;anding officer (or that pUrpose, and
no proces.s whatevcr under all)' law in anr prOC";l",lina: in this section mentiolll:ll
shall he vaUll aW'inst a per:lOll subjed to this Act if served after such
verson is under orders for sen"ice on a roreign station.
The r;'Oduction of a certilicate of Ihe rectipt u! the process purporHn~ to
be signe I b.' such c()mml.l\din~ officer as aforesaid shall be eTidence tbat the
pro.:ess has been duly serYCd unless Ihe contrary is proved.
Where.by a decree or order sent to the President 01 tht: Union or officer
in ao.::orcbnce with suhstion (ZI of Ihis section, the person 3l::ainst whom the
"ecree or order is llIade is adjud~ed to pay as costs incurred in obtaining the
decree ?r order any sum so left with the process as aforesaid, the President of
tht: Umon ma.,. l':lU~e a sum e,\ual to the sum so left to be paid in liquidation of
the sum SO adjnd~ ...d to be p\id 3S costs, and the amount so paid by the l'resident
of the union ~1\).11 ,~ :l. ptlMic del:rt from the person against whom the decree or
order was tn.\ If':, ,Ind, withoat preiudice to any other method of recovery, may
be: reeo\'ered b)' deductiOn frOal his ~Y. in addition tet tbo" mentionw in $ub.
Ktticn (1) of tbis section.
 181
(4'1 This section shaD not :lpply to persons a.abjecllo lhis Act where stICh
pertO(S~a~tion the elPression II PlY" includes all sums r-yablco to a
man in respect of his stn'ices other than allowances in lieu of IodginltS. rations
pro"Oi!ions and cJothinR.

99. (I) The President of the Union llll1y make rule, to carry out the Powerto
purposes of this A.ct not otherwise speci6clllll' provided for. mtb ndel.
(1) Any rule made under this section may coat:'lin a provision that any
persoo committing a breach of it shall be liable to puniahments mentioned in
uu. Ad.
I MA.. 'l'be President of the Union mar dismiss (rom naval senke any Power 01
penon. subject to this Act. ".waul.

PART VII.

s...vn'G CLAou.
.... Nothing in this Act conlained shaU be deemed or takeD to IOpef'Kde Ad DOl to
or alce:t the authority or power of any Court ortrihunal of ordiLt:'l.I1' civil or
criIIIinal jnrisdiction. or lily officer tbeTeor, in respect of Inyoffence mentioned ~~
:r;:tol
in this Act which may be punisb:l.ble or cOfIni$;l.bJe by l;t""or to prevent any COurts.
penOIl bein, proceeded against and punishtd in re!lpc<:t of :'In)' ""eh offence
otherwise than under this Act.

SCHEDULE.

Naval Rank. ReiaUu Army Rant, Relati,e '\Ir rorce Rant.

1. Commander _

1 LiC1l~ ...
4. s.b-Uttd:enaDt
S. .....
6. lrIiclthlpmaa'
..
2. Un":aant..oo.mandtt ..
""'
Mlp'...
..
Linteual~.eJ

UeutfSl:lnl
SKond ~lt
RedmcnUI ~Wllor
...
..
..
WiD' ComltWlder.
SqlladrOrl Leackr.
Flitl"hl.~tenant.
.')'In, Officer.
Pilo! Ofhcer.
M.ln" Pilot and NnlpfOf.
7. _ ... Warlldlt Offictt Cbn 11
Chid Pett, 0Iiter Con:l~Ouarter.mlltCf ...{ F1llbl.&rgei~i:
5eTt::eanl. Pilot . d Navl~;lor Grade I.
'9. Petly Officer ... serlflill ... { Snleanl.
..i1ut :I:ld NI~lgator Grade II.
Corporal.
10. LeadI.. s.men Pill,ll and Ha~iilfalor Gl'1de III.
11. Abl.. Summ and ..qJ.... Trooper, J(1lMef, u~,
"j' Ladlnl Ahcnlr_.
Airtn(t,lIIncll, hi Clus.
Ialt raUnc .ipalman. dri,.. r I rift,, \ AIl\'raftsJnnl, 2Dd a..
man CIt print... Pilot and Na\igator IIIIHr
trainlnt

Junior to Arm, unb.

I Jalerled by Act I, 1951
III

B.-'ROTECfION OF THE CONSTITUTION

'~.~&i ",.aoe-~~I

I S"ll5tituled b)' tile l'nioll 01 Bllratlo tAobpblioQ of 1.:0) Ordtr, 1948.

 (J) any reference to a place beloogioJ[ to (the State] , includes a place
occupied br an}' depat'lmenl of tile Government, whether the place
is or is not actu..lIly ,'csted in (the State] I i
2' cxpressiolls referring to commt1nic"ltin~ or r(cei\'ing include any
commnnic.'l.tin~ or receiving, whether in whole or ill part, and
whether the 1likdch. pllll, model. article. note. document, or informa-
tion itself or the ~ub5tance, effect or dcsv"tip,ion thereof only be
communicated or received; expressions refcrrinll to oblainin,z or
retaining any sketch, plan. model, article, note. or document include
the copying or causin. to be copied of the whole or any part of any
sketch, plan, model. article, nole. or document; and expressions
reCerriJ it: to the communication of any sketch, plan, ml'ldel, article,
note or document include the transfer or transmilAion of the sketch,
plan, model, article, note or docnment ;
(3) " document" includes part ~f a document;
(4) II model" includes desi&n, pattern and.specimen ;
(5) M munitions of wltr It inclu:1es the whole or any part of any ship..
submarine, aircraft, tank or similar enline, arms and ammunition.
torpedo, or mine intended or adopted for use in \\'3r, and any other
article, material, or device, whether actual or ])roposed, intended
for such use ;
1(6) "office nnder the Government" includes any office or emrloyment in
or under any dePltrtment (If the Government;
,7) .. photOUlph .. include'S :an ondeveloped film or plate;
un 41 prohibited place It means-
(a) any work of defence, arsen:l1, ua\'11l, military or air force estahlish-
mentor st.... tion, mine, minefield, camp, ship' or airer.dt beloneine to,
or occupied by or on behalf of, [the SlateJ" any military telegraph
or telephone so beloni:ing or occupied. any wireless or si,zMI
station or office so belon~inR or occupied, and any factor)', dockyard
or other pt,ce so belongil1Jt or occupied and nsed for 1I,e purpose
of building, rep.1irillg, makiuSl or slOling any munitions of war, or
any Iketches, rL,ns, model. 01' documents relatinll thereto. or for
the purpose of gettilll any metnls. oil or minerals of use in time
of war;
(6) any place not belonging: to [the Slate] I wherp. any munitionl of war or
any sketches, models, plans or documents relatina: thereto. are beine
made, repaired, gotten 01' .tored under contract with, or with any
person on beh,1f of,[the Go\-ernment]!;
(e) any place belongiflg to or used for the Jlurpose oHthe State]! whioh fl
for the time being declared by lhe Pre~ident of the Union,
by notification in the Gazette, to be a ])rohibited place for the
purposes of this Act on the ~und that information with respect
thereto. or dam~ge thereto, \vould be IBChd to an enem~', and to
which a copY of the notillc.,tion in re~pect thereof has been affixed
in [BarmeseJ I and in the [hngllage of the local it)', if any) I ;
Cd) any railw.l). road, way or channel, or olher means of communicltion
by land or water Cinc1udinR any \\'ork~ or .tructure. beinR part
thereof or connected therewith) or any pla"c ullt'd for IPS, water
or electricity works or other works fOI' purposes of a public
character, or any place where any munitions of war or any sketches,
models, phns or documenh relating thereto, are being made,
repaired or atoredotherwisc than on behalf of [the State)', which is

I Sllbltitule4 by the UIrlOft til Rilfina (Adaptation of La) Order, 19-18,

 184
for the time heiDg declared by the ~sident 0{ the Union,~
notification in the Gazette, to be a prolubited place for the purposes
of this Act on the ~und that in(ormnlion with respect tbereto, or
the destrtlclion or obstruction thereof, or interference thertwith,
would be useful 10 an cncmy,anu to which a copy of the notillc.,lioh
in r~pcct Ulereof has been affixed in IBurmtse]' and in the
Danguagc of the locality, if an}']! ;
(9) ...ketch" includes :my pboto1.'1'aph or other mode of rcprc5Cntir:c
an)' place or thine; and
(10) .. Superintendent of Poliet" in<:ludes :\n)' pOlice-officer of " like or
luperior rank. ;l;nd any person upon whom the pu'crs o( a
&Iperintendeot of Police arc (or the purposes of this Act conferred
by the President of the Onion.
$. (1) If any ~ for an,. PJrposc prejudicial 10 the safety or interests 0(
the State-
(d) approaches, inspect., P.1ISCI over or is in the vicinity of, or enters, any
prohibited place; or
<bl malttl uy sketch, plan, model, or note which is calcnL1.ted to be or
migbt be or is intended to be, directly or indirect!)', useful to
an ~emy; or
(c) obtain~ collects, record:li or publi:lihn or communicates to :l.n)' otlter
penDl'lanr sccrtt offici:l.l code or p:'s....ord.or :my sketch, plan, model,
article or nott Or other document Or information which is Clkulated
to he or mi&ht be or is intende(t to be, directly or indirecll}",nseful to
an enemy i
he shall be punishable with imprisonment for.:I. term which may extend, where the
offence is committed in relation to :lIlY work of defence, arsenaJ, na\'al, milit:l.ry or
air {cree establishment or .ution, mine, minefield, bdol'Y. dockyard, camp, ship or
aircraft or otherwise in rebtion to tbe R:l\';\I, milil:uy or air force .. ffairs of Ltbe
State]' or in relation to any secret c.fliciat code, to fOl1rtun years and in other
easel to tbrre years.
(Zt On a Pl'OS1CC'1Ition l(1f an offe~ punishAble under this section with
imprisonment lor a !enn which m.1r extend to fourteen year., it shlllll not be
nessary to show that the accused pcison was ~"Iilly I)f any particular :lct lending
to show a purpose p~ejlldid:ll to the s,'lfety or interests of the St..lte, and,
notwithstanding that no ~lIch act is proved against him, he may be con"icte{'! if,
from the circumstances oC th.:- C:LSe or his condact or hi, known character as
proved, it appears that his purpose \\'al a purpose JftjudicW to the 5ilfety or
interest. of the State; and il an)' sketch, "I.\n. model, :l.rticle. note, document. or
information ~l:l.tin~ to or used in any prohibited place, or relalinJ!' to :In),tbing in
such it place, or any ~ret offici3.l code or pa.!\wort! is m.1de. obt;tincd. collected,
recorded. published or commnnic:lled hy auy ptrson other than a person actinlt
under 1a,... fuJ ,"utborin. and from th~ circumstances of the case or his C'Onduct or
bis ~own character as proved il appe..m thM his purpose was a purpose
prejudicial to the safety or interest. of the State, such sketch, plan. model, article,
note, docnment or inform3.tion s!lall be presumed to h:we been mad~, obtained.
collected. recorded. published or COlnmunicated for a purpose prejudicial to the

-_.. .
Afety or interests of tbe State_
Comm-.ka- ... (I) In:lIlY proceedin~~ a~inst a penon for an offence under section 3, the
tionl witb fact that he has been in commllnicltion with, or attempted to communie:tte with,
..,b to be a foreign al!ent, whether within or \t'ithOtlt the Union of Bonna, shall be relcnnt
for the parpose or Pfo\-ina th:l.t he b:u. for a purpose prejudicial to the safety or
interests ('If the Slate. obmined or "Uempted to obtain inform1tion which is
, SlbltllllWG by lb. Union of BUI'IIl:I ("cbrb-lion of L1WSI Order, :941,
 Btt,ma Ollicial Surds. 185

C3.lcllbted to be or mi~ht be, or is intended to he, direct!)' or iljdirtcUy, useful to of certain

offences,
enemy.
;'Ill . . . . . .
(2) For the purpose 01 tillS sechon, but WIthout prcJu<!lce to the generality o(
the foregoing provision,-
(0) a person may be presumed to have been in communic;:atioll with 3.
foreign :lJ:,enl if-
(0 he has, either within or withont the Union of Burma, visited Ihe
address of a. foreiRll aRent or oollSOC"ted or 3ssocialed with 3. foreign
<l.l!:ent, or
(ii) either within or without the Union of Burma, the n:lme or address
of, 01" :lily other information J"('4<udinl!: a foreil!:n :l~ent h2s been
found in his possession, or has heen obtained by bim from any
other person;
(b) the expression" foreign:lltent I t includes any person who is or has been
or ill respect of whom it appears tIL1t there are re.uonable Itrounds
for sllspeeting him of bein~ or !l<tvinit heen emplo}'cd' by a (orei~n
power, either directly or il1(lirectly for the purpos~ of committinR
an actl either within or withollt the Union of Bmmrt, prejUdicial
to the s,1fety or inlere!!ls nf the Stale, 01' ""ho hu or is reasoll;'lb1y
suspected of hav1nj.!, either within or without the Union of Burma,
committee1, or attempted to commit, such an act ill the interests of
a forei~n power;
(,) an)' lIddress, whcllier within or without thc UniOfl of Burma, in respect
of which it appears thallhere are reasonahle ~'1'Ollllds for suspect.
in~ it of hcinR an :ldrl~5s used for the re<::~ipt of communication.
intended lor a foreign ;,\1:enl, or :lny 3ddre!t!! at which " foreiJ{n
a~nt resides, or to which he resorts for the purpose of a:ivill~ 01'
receivina: comnlUllica.tions, or at which he ('arries on any business,
may be presumed to be the :lddress of a forciil1 a~ellt, and com-
munications addressed to such :\n addrtss 10 be communic;kHon.
with a fOt'eign :I~ent.
S. (1) If any perscn hadn~ in his possession or control any secret official WrOllJl:hll
code or password or :my sketch, plan, model, article, nole, document or informa- ttmmuniCl.
tion which rrJates 10 or is \Ised in a prohibited place or relates to anything in lion, etc" of
information,
such ;'l ~lacc, or which has been made or obtainccl in contrannlion of this Act,
or which has heen entrusled in confidence to him by allY person holdin" office
under the Government, or which he has obtrtined or to which he has had access
owing 10 his position as a person who holds or ha.~ held office under the Govern-
ment, or as <l. person \\'ho holds or hal held a conlract made on bchalf of the
Go\'emment, or 3S a person who isor h3s been emplo}'cd under a person who holds
or has held such an office or contract-
Ca) wilfully communicates the code or p:\ssworcl, sketch, plan, model,
article, note, document or infonnation to :lny rrnon other Ihan a
person to whom he is ;\uthorised 10 commnnicate it, or a Court of
JUSlice 01" a person 10 \\'hom it is, in the interests of the State, hi.
dllty 10 communicate it j or
(b) uses the information in his possession for the hcnefit of any foreiJ(ll
power nr in any olher manner prejudici.,1 10 the saret}, of the
State; or
(,; retain!! the lIketch, plan, model, arlic1e, note ordocllmenl in his posscttion
or control when he has no ri~ht to retain it, or when it is contral'y to
his duty to retain it, or wilfullr fails to comply with all direcHons issued
by lawful authorily with reit:'ITd to the return or disposal thereof; or
 186 Burma 01!idal &CJ'tl,.
(d) fails to t:lk~ reasonable care of. or 80 conducts himself as to endan~er
the safct)' of, the sketch, plan, model. nrtick, nole, document, secret
official code or password or infonnation i
he shall be ~i1t)' of an offence under this section,
(2) If any person volllnl;uily receives an}' sec~t dfici"l code 01' passwonl
or any sketch, plan. model, artidl',lIote, document or information kno\\inj,t N
1I:\\'inU reas0r41.ble around to bflie\'e, at the lime when he receives it. that the
code, passwonl. llkelch, plrlll, mallei, article, nole, document or information is
communicated in contmventioll of this Act, he sll311 be j.,rnilty of :m offence under
tbis section,
(3' If any perllon h.1.Vin~ in his posselSion or control any sketch, plan,model,
article, note, document or information which reb,tes to munitions of war, ('.om-
municales it, dirC'et1}' or indirectly, 10 any foreign po\\'f'r or in any other manner
prejudicial 10 the s,1.fet}' or interests of the State, he shall be ~uiltr of an offence
under this section,
(4) A person UUiUy of an offence under this section shall be pnnishnble "ith
imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both,
Unaulllo.. 6. (I) If any person {or the pl;rpase t,f ll:aining :ldmis~ion or of assistitll[ any
rifCd ll!le 01 other person to l(ain admission to a prohibited place or for any other pllrpo~
uuiforms, prejuc1ici.1.1 to the safety tor the Stnte-
bbi6cation
of rel"Orts, (4) 'I>les or wear's. without bwfnl authority, :m}' naval, militnry. air loree'
forger)', police or other official uniform, or any unifOrm so nearly resembling
person1\tion the s:tme as to be calculate,1 to deceive, or {:llsely represents himself
and f:abe
dot\llnentl. to be a person who is or hal been elllitltd to use or wear any such
uniform; or _
(b) or:llly, 01' in writing in :IIlY drc1ara1ion or a\'plkatioll, or in any docu-
ment !Uj,(1It:1! by 111m or on his behalf, knowinj,(ly makes or connives
at thc lII:lkin~ of anr hlse statcmrnt or any omission; or
(e) forj,(C's, alters. or tampers with any P.lssTICtrt <r. any ",wal, military, air
force, police, or nfficial p..1Y, permit, emilicate, licence, or other
dc-cument of a ~imUar chMacter (hereinafter in this section referred
to aq nn officbl documentl or Imowin~ly IlseS or 11.'\5 in his possession
any snch fOI).(ed, altcr.:(I, or irregular oftici:11 document; or
(d) personates, or falsdr represenb him~elf to be, a person hC'ldini, or in
the emrloyment of a person l:ol<Iiog, ofliee IInder the Government, or
to be or not 10 he a person to whom tin Olndal document or secret
official code or password h:ls been duly issued er communic.1tcd. or
with intent to ohtain nn official documcnt, secret official code or
p.1.ssworll, whether for himself or any <'ther person, knowingly makes
any false statement; or
(t) uses, or h;15 in his poj~s~ion or under his COntrol, without the authority
of the del11rtme1l1 of the Govemnlent or the authority concerned, any
die. seal or stamp Ilf or belonging to, or used, made or provided by,
nny depnrlment o( the Go\'ernment, or by any diplomatic, nl\'al,
milit~i'Y fir air fOI'Ce anthority nppointed by or acting under the
authority of the Go\'ernment, or :1.ny die, stal or stamp so nearly
rcsemblin~ any such die, seal or stamp as to be cakul.\ted to decehc.
~r ~ounterfei.ts any such die, scalar slamp, or knowinl[ty uses, or has
tn Ius POS!lI:SSIOIl or nndel' his control, any such counterfeiled die, seal
01' stamp;
hr! shall he il:,uilty of an offence under this section,
(2) If an~' person (or any pnrpose preju<lici:tl to the safely of the State-
(.1 retnins any official document, whether or not completed or issued for
use, when he has no rip,ht to retain ii, 01" when it is contl'tlry to his
 187
duty to rdain it, or wiJ[ull}' fails to cempll' wilh an}' dite\'lions issued
by an, department of the Gonrnment or ~n}' person authorised by
such c1ep:lrtment wilh reg.1rd to the rtturn or dispos;\!therco( ; or
lb) allo\\'s any other person to h:l\"c posstSSion of an)' official dOC\lment
issued fer his use .. lone, or communicat6 anr stcret official code or
pas."\i.ord so issned, or, wilhout I:\\\'u.l autherit}' or e~CllSC, has in his
possession an)' official c1otnrnt'Tlt or secret offici,',1 code or pass\\-ord
issued for the use of some person other than himsf'If, or, on oblaininj,{
possession of any official document hl' findinj:! or otherwise, wilfully
fails to restore it to the pen;oll or 3tlthorit} hy whom or for whose
use ii was issued, or to a pOlice-officer; or
(" withont lawful authority or excuse, m:l.nufadllrC8 or sells, or has in his
posses!\ion for sale, :\ny.such die. seal or slamp :\$ alores.1icl;
he shall be guilty of an offence und~r Ihis section,
(3) A person guilty of an offence under this stction shall he punishable wilh
imprisonment for a term which tn.'\y extend 10 two years. or wilh fine, or with
both,
(4) The provisions of sllbsedion (2) of sedion .1 shall appl)'. for the purpose
of provinll a purpose prejudicial to the s,",lety of the St.,te. to any prosecution fnr
an offence under this section relatinJ,t 10 the 113\'31, military or air lorte :lffairs of the
$tate. or to an)' secrel official cOfle. in lik~ manner as thty apply, for the purpose
of proving ;\ purpose rrejudichllo the s.'Ifet)' or inlp-rests of the Sl:\te, to prOSt:cu
tions for offences puni!ihable under that stetion with imprisonmtnt for a term
which nuy eztend to fourteen years.

7, (I) NQ persoll in lhe vicinity of any prohibited place shall obstnlct, IlIle,",crint:
knowingly mislead or otherwi:.e interfere with or impede. any flO1ice-('"fficer, or 'With officers
any member of the Burma force~ enlPl!ed on purl, sentry, palrol, or other similar 01 the ~
dUly in rehtion to the prohibited place, :- ii:'Burma
It) If an)' person :lcts in contr;tvention of Ihe prO\'uiollS of this section, he f~c.,
shall be puni';hable wilh imprisonment which m:\y extend 10 two years. Q("'with
6ne. or with both,
8. (I) It shall be the dllty of every person 10 Rive on demand to a Duty uf
S'Jperintelldent of Police, or olher poliee-oilicer not below the rank of Inspector glling
empowered by an Inspector-General or Commis~iont.r of Police in this behalf, or inforu,ation
as locom
to i'ln~' member of the Bunna forces enRap:ed on J!.uard. sentry, patrol or 0:1Ier minion of
similar duty. any informalion ill hi!\ power relating to an offence or suspected offenccl.
cffenee IInder section 3,or under section 3 rrad wilh section 9. a.nd. j( !l0 required.
and upon tendel' of his reaoonahle expenses, to attend at such reasonable time and
place as may b~ specified for the purpose of fumishing such inform:ltion.
e2l If any person (:tils 10 .l!ive any such information (lr to attend 31 :Iforesaid,
h~ shall be punish:lble with imprisonment which may extend to two )'ears, or
With line. or with both.
AtlcmpU,
9. Anv j)erSOn who attempts to commit or "bets the commission of an offence illCilcmentJ.
tinder this Act shall be puni!(!Lablc wilh the ",me ~unishml!lIt. and he Il.lbte to be elc,
Procteded alVlinst in the same manner, :ts'if he htd committed such offence.

10, (J) If an)' p('BOn knowinl!ly harbours any pcrIOn whom he kno~\'S or has :~r::
reaSOnable groullds for supposinR: to he a person "'ho I!( ahout to commit or who spin.
ha~ Committed an offence nmter section 3 or nnder seclioll 3 re.,d With s(Ctio" 9,
Or knowinJtly pennits to 1II1,:e! or ;uscmhl~ in an)' premi~ in his occupation ~
under his control any such persons he shall be 2nilt)' o( an offence under th..
kction. " ,
 188 Burma OJJkinl Staek
(Z) It .h:tll be the duty of every persOll, having harboured any such person as
aforesaid or permitted to meet or assemble in any premi~es in hh occup"'1tion or
under his control any such persons:l.s aioresaid, to ~ive on demand to a Superin-
tendent of Police, or olher police-officer not below the rank of Inspector em
powered by an InspectorGeneral or Commissioner of Police in this ~half, any
in{orm,tion in his power relatin~ to an)' stich pe~n or persons, and if any person
{ails 10 Rive any snch infOlmation, he shall I,)e Kuilty of an offence under this
section.
0) A. penon guilty of an offence under this ~ction shall be punishable with
imprisonment for a term which fD.W extend to one year, or \dth fine, or with both.

""'" "". fied 11.by infcnnation

no"
If a MaaistT'2te of the first clm or Subdivisionll Magistrate is satis
(I)
on olth that there is reasonable ~round
for suspecting that
an offence under this Act has been or is about to be committed, he mar ~rant a
Katch.\\,1fT2nt authorising any polia-oflicer namtd therein, not being below the
rank of an nfficer in charge of a police station, to enter at any time any premises
or pl1ce named iuthe warrant, if necessary, by force, and to search the prtmistl
or place and every person found therein. and to seize any skt:tch, plan, model,
article, note or document, or anything of a like n;thll'e, or an~'thinJ.! which is evidence
of an oHence under this Act haviRlt been or beinl.1 about to be committed, which
he may find on the P1"t:mises or place or any such person, and witb reglrd to or in
connection with which he has reasonahle j.!ronnd for su~pecting that an offence
under this Act has been or is about to he committed.
(Z} Where it appears to a poli~(lffi:er, not heine below the rank of Superin
tendent. that the case is one of I.1real emergency, :LOll that in the interests of the
State Unrnediate action i:, nectU:lry, he m:\y by a wriUen order under his hand
Rive to an)' polke-offiar the like:: authority :l5 may be Jtiven by the warrant of a
M:lpu.te under this Itttion.
(J) Where adion h.... been !:lken by a pnlice-officCt' under sub-sectiOn (ZI he
shall. as soon as may bt, report such action to the District or Subdirisional
lbaistl":lte.

Powu to 12. Notwithstanding an},thing in the ode of Criminal Procedllre-

:lrrt't.
(a) an offence punishable under ~eelion 3 or under section 3 read with
seelion 9 with imprisonment for a leno which may exlend to fourteen
years shall be a coaninble and non.h,ilable offence;
(6) an offence under chu~ (a) of sub-section (1J of section 6 shall be a
cognizable and b:\ilahle offence: and
(c) e,'err other offence onder this Act shall be a non-collnizahle :md
b.,ilable oftnce. in respect of which a warrant of arrest sh...11 ordina-
rib i!'sue in the nrst instance.

U. (J) No Court (other th;&n that of a t.1a~istrate of the first cl:1ss specially
empowered in this helWf by the President of the Unionl which is inferior to that
of a District Magi~tf:\l~ shall try any ~ence onder Ihis Act.
(Z) H ....ny person under tri"l before :l MaJl:ishate for an offence under this
Ad at any time belore a charee is frnmed claims to be tried by the Court of
Session, tbe. M~iistrate shall, if he does not rli~harlte the accused. commit the
case for tflal by thai Courl, not\\'ithstandina th"t it is not a case exc!usi"ely
triable by thai Courl.
(J). No Court shall hke cognizance of any offence ttnder this Act unless upon
complaint made by order of. or onder authoril}' from, the President of the Union,
or sollie oBicer empowered by the P.esident of the Union in this behalf:
 B,"'''a OfJIdal StUtb. 189
Provided that a person ch~ed with such an offence rnay be arrested, or a
warrant for his arrest may be issued and ezecuttd, and an)' such I'trson may be
remanded in custody or on bail, notwithstanding tbat such complaint hots not bten
made, but no further or other proceedines shall be taken until suche<mplaint bu
been made.
(4) For the purposes of tbe trial of a person for an offence under this Ad,
the "ffence may be deemed to have Men committed eitber::lt the pb~ in which
the same actuallr ,,":IS committed or at an)' place in the linion 0( Burma in which
the oHender may be found.
'4. In addition ~nd without prejudice to :l.n)' powers which a Court may EJClusion of
possess to order the exclusion of the public from any proceedinRs. if. in the course Plilbl~m
of proceedings before a Court against any person for an oRence under this Act or proc ".
the proc:dinitS on appe:ll, or in the course of the trial of a person under this Act.
application is m:l.de by the prosecution, 011 the i:round tbat the publication of any
evidence to be l:!:lven or of an)' statement to be made in the cOline of the procee-
dinlt! would he prejudicial to the safety 01 the State, th:l.l all or any portioll of the
pnblic shall be excluded durinR any part of the hearin~, the Court may make an
order to that dEect, but the passing of sentence ahaU in lily cue take pbce in
public.
II. Where the person RUmy of an offence under this Act i. a company or O~ by
corporation, every director and officer of the comp;l,n)' or corporation with whOle compaules,
knowledge and constnt the offence was committed shalt be luilty of the like etc.
oIence.

THE ARMS Aer.

CONTENTS.

l._l-'R&LUUNAltV.
SRIioou.
I. SaTin~.
2.3.
4. "Interpret~tionc1aulC.
II.-M"NUrACTOIll, CoNvUSION AND SALI.

S. Unlicensed manufacture. con..ersion and sale prohibited.

11l.-hIPOICT. EXPOR1" AND TRANSPORT.

6. Unlicensed importation and exportatloll prohibit~~. .

Imporl3tion and exportation of arms and ammunition for pen"ate UIC.
1. Sanction of Pruidellt required to w:arehoD)ing of arms, etc.
89. ~
10. Polol;t' to prohibit transport.
Transhipment of arms.
h. Power to establish $e:ltching stations.
190
StdiofU.

12. Al re.t of per;;ons convtyinJ!: arm~t etc,. under su~-pici01JS eircumstancts.

Procedure where arrest made by per~on not ~fagistr;lte Or police.oflicer.
IV.-Gou,;c ARUEI AND POSSESSING ARMS, ETC.
13. Prohibition of ~oin~ :"Irmed without licence.
14. Unlicensed possession of lire-arms, etc.
tS. Possession of arms of any desc:rivtion without licence probibit;:d in
certain p1actS.
16. In certain c.ue~ urns to be dCp03ited at policc:st.1.tions Or with lice~d
de:alers.
V.-LICENCE.'l.

11. Power 10 make rules a~ to licences.

18. Cancellillt:: and susrcniion of licence.
18A. Power to m.lke rules as to appeal or revision.

VI.-PENALTID.

19. For breach of sections 5,6, 10. 13 to 17.

20. For secret brc:u:hes of sections 5, 6, 10. 14 ;Inti IS.
For cOl1cealin~ arms, etc.
21. r'or breach n(licence.
22. FOI' knowinj,(lr purch."ISinA arms, etc., from unlicensed person.
For adi\"erin~ arms, ttc., to person not :tuth~rized to PlSSCSS them.
23. rellalt~ (or I're~ch o( rule.
24, Pllwer 10 ..:onfiiC:lle.

VI I.-MISCELLANEOus.

25. SCardl ~lId :.dzure by Ma~istl':lte,

26. Seitlll'e and tktentioli by President,
:7, P<,wel' to CXt'lIIpl,
28, Information to be Ilin:n re~arding offellC~'s.
29. 5.1nctioll rl.'quirt'J to certain pr\~ceedin'l:s under ~CtiOIl 19, clause ff).
30. Searches in the case of offences against J;CCtion 19, dause (n, how
....-onducted.
4
.11.
31, I'",,,,,-'f to take census o( flrearms.
33. Notice ;tnd lirnitation of proceedings.

11IE ARMS Acr.

[IHU'A Aer XI, 1878.1 Ust Octobu. 1878,)

1.-l'1l.I1.I1UNAf.:Y,

I, ~olhinl: htttin contained sh:lIl apply 10-

(4) arms. ammunition or military stores on board an)' s~a'Jl:oillg vessel and
fC'rminR part o( her ordinary armament or equipment. or
 Arms. 191
(b) the manu!actllre, conversion, ~a~e, impor~,. export, transport, bearinl: or
possession of arms, amlnlllllhon or military stores by order of the
Government, or hy a puhlic servant 01' a memlJer of either of the
forces constituted by the Burma Terrilorial Force Act or the Burma
Auxiliary Force Act, in the course of his duty as such public servant
or mt'mher.
23.
. In this Act, unless there be somethinR repugnant ill the subject or context:_ Interpreb-
"cannon" includes a.lso all ho\\;tzers, mortars, wall.pieces mitrailleuses tion-claullC.
and .other ordnallce ancl mach~neWllls, all parts of the 'same, and all
carnages, platforms and a.ppham:es for mounting, tr.lusporting and
serving the same:
II arms" includes-

(i) c1asp-knh'cs the blades of which are pointed and exceed three inches
in length;
(iil knhes, with pointed blades rigid!}' affixe.d, or capable of being rigidly
affixed, to the handle, and measurin~ in all over five inches in lenltth
which are not inlended exclusivdy for domestic, agricultural or
industria.l purposes: pro\'iclcd that it shall be presumed until the
conlrary is pro\'ed that knh'es of this description are not intended
exclusively for such purposes;
(iii) knives of such other kinds as the President of thl,: Union may, by
notificntion, prescribe j and
(iv) fire-arms, l;l;lyonets, s\\'ords, dalWers, spears, spearheads and bows
and arrows, also cannOll and parts of arms, and machinery for'
manufacturing arms;
II ammunition" inc1nd..s :llso all articles speciall}' designed for torpedo

service and submarine milling, l'ockeh, gun-coUon, dynamite,

Iithofractellr and other explosh'e or t11minatin~ m"terill, nun.f1int,
i.!un-wads, perclIssion-l",lpS, fuses and friction-ll1bes, ;111 paris of
ammunition and all machinery for manufacturing "mmnnition, but
does .not include lead, sul"hur or saltpetre:
'I milit"ry stores", in :lny section of this Act as applied to any part of the
Union of Burma, mc;ms allY military stores to which the President of
the Union may from time to time, by notification in the G-azette,
specially extend such sel'liOn in Sill h part, and inclildes also all lead,
sutphur,saltpetre,and other material to which the Pre~ident of the
Union may from time to time so extend such sc~tion :
"licence" mean~ a licence granted under this Act,:lOd "licensed" means
holding stich licence.
II.-MANUFACTURE, CONY!RSION AND S.\LE.

I. No person Shlll manufacture, con\'ert or sell, or keep, offer or expose for Un!i'et!acd
Slle, any arms, ammunition or military slores, except under a licenCe and in the manufacture,
manner and to the extent pl"rmilted tllereb}'. convuaio.l
and ",Ie pro-
Nolhing herein contained shall preveut any person from selling any arms or hibited.
am.munition which he lawfully possesses for his own private use to an}' perSOn
who i, not hy any enactment for the time beinl.1 in force prohihited from pOSSes-
sin!:! the same; but et"ery person so sellinJ:t arm" or ammunition to any person
other than a person entitled to possess the same by reason of an exemption under
sectioll 2i of this Act shall, withClut unnecessary delal', J:!i\'e 10 the District
Mawstrale, {If to the oflio,;er in charil;e of the nearest policestation, notke of the
sale and o( the purchaser's name and address.
 192 Arllls.
1lI.-IUPORTI EXPORT AND TRANsPOItT.

Unli.:tll.scd 6, No pel'son sh;lll brin~ or t;lkc hy sea or by Innu into or out of the UniOll
irnrort;atio.. of Run)L;l an)' :lrms, ;ullmunilion or militnr)' storl'S exceplllnder a liceace nnd in
2nd Clp,xt the IUJnn~r and to the exlent pcnnitlel\ by sucb Ikcnc(.
ation ('N-
Ilibitc:d,
llDpnl;ation Nothil\~ in the nl'it (bns.: {If this \k.,<:tioll ext~lIds to nnns (other than cannonl
and urort- or nnllllunitioll imJ'Ol'lcd 01' uported in rt';ISOn;lble quantitiu for h.is o\\'n priute
;atiOll of ;arms use hy all)' person lawfully eutilletlto fIO:l~ss such ;mlls (\I' allul1IlIIition ; but the
and ;al1\muni-
tton foe Collector 01 Customs or an)' other ollim' emJ1'O\I'ered h)' the Prtsident of the
prh"ate lISe.. Unioll in this t......lnU by tl.'lme or in \"irltlc of his olllee ma}' at all}' lime detain
such arms or ;Inlnltl1\itwn until he n~i\"es the orders of the President of the
UniNt lh\'r~on,
E.fN.u'QliMI,-Arm~, amnlllnition :and milit;lrY stores taken {rom one f'3rt of
the Union tli Burma to :lllother by sea, or across intC'rvl'lIill~ telTitol'y 1I0t J:.eing
part of the llllion of Burm;l, are taken oul of ami brou~ht into the l:nion (If
Burma within lhe me:llling of this section,
Sanc:ri.Mo 01 1. Notwithstandill~ an),thin!: containerl in Ihe ScJ, Customs Act l no arm!l,
""""".
m(llin.'dw
"Of\'hll\lsin.(
ammunition or militar)' ston:s sh;11I ~ Ilel'OsitcII ill olll)" war\lOust Ii<.._'f'used undl'r
st\:lion 16 of 111.1\ .\et without the 51l1etiou of the President of the Union,
of amll, etc,

"'""nto) .t. The Presitlenlof the Union mlY, fro:n time to time, lJ}' notil1cation in
flrohit>it the Gautte,-
tn,"l$f'Ol"t, II'I rcs:u\:lle or prohibit the tr,lnSl'Ori of ;\11)' description of annl, ammuni-
tion (lr milil:lry storl'S o\'cr the wholc of the llnian ~f Burma or an)'
pal't thereof. either :tlto~ethcr or except \luller 01 licl'uce ami 10 the
extent ami in the manner \'\Crmilted h}' sudl Ik~lIce, and
III
Exl'Q"'fi,I".-Arllhi, allimunition or miliU}' ston., Iramihiflred at a port in
the Union of Burma ;Ir\' tr,lIlsl'Ol1e,1 within the n\t';llIin~ of Ihis section.
Pow ro II, The l'rtsidclIt of the Union 111.\r. at all)' plal'cs aloll!: the l'll'nml;u)'-liue
Clt"l-li.h bet\\"eeu the Union C'f Durm.l ;lnd olhel' lC'rritor)"1 .1ml at ~uch di.tal1\:e within
lear,'hlllS:: such line :,t.s he deems e-XIX'dil'nt, est:ll'lish :>l';lrdlill~',,""5ts;lt whieh :lll rt~sds,
It~ionl,
~arts and ha~;\~'"',l\)ill\,lls, :md ;111 ll('xl's, hall"s ;llllllxl~'kal:.l'5 ill tr.lll)il, ma\' he
sto~fIt'tl ;lnll k':m:h~d fClr :lrms. alll11lunition :md milil:lr)' ~torcs hr .In)' ollierr
eml'O\\'~red h)' the Prl':.hkut of the 11nk'n in this behalf b)' n;lIne Of in \'irlue or
his oflice,
Arrcd 0' 12, \\'hen :ln~' pel'SOIl is found earrrinil or eonl'l'rillt,l ;'m)' arms, ;ll\ununition
~11I011' COil- or lllilit:lr~' )t{lfe~,
wlll'tller co\'ered by a !ieenel' or no!, in such m;lll11er or unllel'
\e~in~ nms.
etc. IIlllkr sudl l-irl'ul\lstan,'~s:ls ttl ;llI"tlr,1 just I!rOl.lmls of tll~ricion tlut the ~1I11e 3re bdn~
-f'i~ l-arrie,1 hr him \\;th inknt h,) Ilk thelll, CN' tll.lt the "S.\me lI;ay hI' uset'. for JUY
<irtllm uubwiul pllrrose. Joll}' l'erWlI m,l)' witho\\t w.lrf3111 Jprrehcnd him and l:lk.e 1Ot:!l
stMICCi, arm~. ammunition or milil:lr)' stores fr(lm him,

Proo:e.tIlf'C Anr I'l,'rS{ln so apprehl'nrlel1, ,11111 an)' :lrU1~, ,lllunllnition or military slorcs ~u
wtlm anut taken h)";\ person not hein~:I M'l..:islr,lle 0, polkc-cffi:l'r, shall he ddh-erel!{I,'el"
Dude I')" :\s soon as possihlc to a f'{'licc flief r,o (
f":riOl\ not
)(;a(iIlr;lle All ~IS ;lrt1rc-hcrKIed ~", (lr t1eli,-ercd to, ;I rolil'e-ofli.:cr, and 311 :\rO)S
or pi)lke-
06:et, :wd ,llnlllllnitioll sd.te,1 b)' or dc-1i\"croed to :1Il)' su:h l'ffi~er under this section,
shall be taken wi:hout unncce$S3l"y delJ.y before a !la&:istratc,
 193

IV......('tOINO ,"luau ANl' rQS.>iISllNG AN"" ETC.

". No penOlilihall CO armed with an)" arms

lbe extent and in the mannCf' permitted thrreby.
t'IC\'pI
of,..
under a Ikence and to PI'obibilliOA
~
An)' person ., Itoin~ armed wilhout :t Ikence or in contravention of its J'Il'o- oal 11Cflk'e,
wtlh.
fi,ionlrn.,)' be disanned hy :my lfaWltratc, pollce-ofictor or otller ~n cm.
po\\'cred by tho Prniricll1 of the lIuioa in this behalf by name or by \'irtue of hi.
ole!.
For the PUfJlO!lCS of thi~ section," arms" includes :'IllIG knl,es with pointed
IlbdCli riaidly alixcd, or c:lrahle of hein~ riaidly :lIiXl'd. tn the handle, and
1l1e:lIUrilll in :til over live inchu in 1111111h, whidl arc illttondedexchtsivel)' for
dc'lultStic. ~ictllhtrnl Clf illdll~tri:ll J'llll'P08tt
4. No pencil .11311 haft ill his popelllion or tlllfler hi~ \-ontrol any cannon Vnllal;ted
or I1rearnll, or any ammunition or militan' IltN'e5, ex..:ept nnder a licence and in po..n .... of
the IIIl1nner :tnd to the t'xtent pt:mulled IhtlCh~" 1In:....raa.ttc.
1. In any place to which the Pftllident of the Union m.1Y b)' notification PoNenloQOf
specialb extC'lld this ~tion. no person IIhall have in his po&SeUion any arms of aron ol any
all~' description, except under a Iiam..e ami in the manner :md tn the extent dncripllon
. -" t het'l.'.')'.
~rnlltl,",1 ... withoul
lkcucc pro-
Illbltcd III
cerlah\
pbocer.,

16. (I) An,. pet'SOI1 poslIe!lsiftJ( :arma, amlllltllitioll or military stores the In certain
posaeuion wbC'l'tOf hall, in con~luence of the "anec:llntion or Clpfty of a Ucence CaMI amll
or of all ex.emption or by the illtle of a llotilk'alion under lIei:Uon IS or othen'iSf', to be d~.
become 11II13.\\'ful, .hall without UIlI'Cl.'eslIll.l') delny deposit thli: ume either "'ilh ~~h'ld al
the officer ill charge of th~ n~\re:;t poJ~-!ltatiOIl or. at his option and sabject to . . . . OC'
such conditions lUi the President 0( the Union ma, b\' ntJe Pl'e.cribe. with a wtIh 1l.'ftIKd
Iitenced dealer. . dr-den.
(Z) Wh'l1 anns. ammttnition or military _tort" h:l\'(' hetn de~itflt IIn~r
~llb-seclion (J). I. the drpmllf'lr .hall, at 3n, time heforc the
expi'7 of such period as the Presidcnt of the Union mal' b)' rule pre8ttihe,
be entilled- .
Cal
to recciTe back any thine KG depo!lited Ihe possetsion of which by him
has become lawful. and
(b) to diliPDIC. or authorize the dispol'lal. of all)' thing 110 depositftl by sate
or othetwillC to an~' pson whose ponession of lite same would be
lawful; and to reo.:d\"e the procec(!5 of :In,. sucb sale :
Prorided that nothin~ in thill sttb-Kctioll shall he dmed to authorize Ihe
retum or disroaal of an\' thine the !;('nliscalion of which has been dil'fct~d un~r
settion Z'l. .
0) AII things clepo~itell as afMe~id alld nol retunled or dil'poMd of Ul~d('r
Sllb-sectinn (z) within the prnI.-riht.d period lhereill rtferted to sh:lll he forfclted
to the st.,te.
(f) (,I) Thl.' Presidcnt (If thc Union mlr make nIles cClnsi,tent with this Act
lor carlYiuJ{ into elect the pro\'j!>ionll of Ihis !lCClion,

13
 194 ArlllS,

(6' 111 particular, and witbo\lt prejudice to the generillity of Ihe forrgoiog
provision, the President of the Union ma)' br Mlle pr~scrj"e-
(i) the conditions subject to which anns. ammunition and rililil:lry slores
may be deposited with a liU:llsed dealer, and
(iiI Ihe period after the expiry of whil;h thillJ!:s depo!lited a.s aol'1:l><lid shall
be forfeited nncler sub.stclion (3).

V,- LICENCES,

Powef b 17, The President of the Union may, from time to time, by notification in
make ful the Gazette, make rules 10 determine the LfficCI':i by whom, the form in which,
1IIolicc~. and Ihe terms and conditions on nod subject to which, any licence shall be
g1'anted ; and may b)' snch rules among other matters-
(,,) fix the period for which such licence shall continue in force ;
(6) fix ~ fee payable hr st.1mp or otherwise in resl=cct of any snch licence
other than a licence ror possesaion ;
(t) direct that the holder of any R;lch licence other than a licence for
possession shan keep a record or account, in such form as Ihe
President of Ihe Union mar Jftscrihc:, of an),thinK done under stICh
Hcence, and exhibit su('h record or ..ccount v:hen C:l1lf'(1 upon by an
officer of Government to do so ;
(d) empower any officer of Go'f'cmment 10 enter :ll1d inspect :lny premises
in which anns, ammunition ('If milit:\r)' slor~ ~rt manufactured or
kept by an)' person holding a licenre of the dUCfiption referred to
in section S or IC'Clion 6 ;
(t) direct that anr:>Dell puson shall exhibit the entirt ~tock of am",
ammunition :lnd militarr !;to~s in his po$ses~ion cr under his
lntrol to any offict'r of Government so empowued ; and
(f) require the penon holdin. an)' lkence or acting under :mr licence to
produce the same, and 10 produce or account for the anns,
nmnlUnition or mililal')' ~tCtre~ co\'tred by the s..u nr when called
upon b)' :In officer of Go'f'trnment so to do.

Canccllint IA. All)' littnce nmy be c.1ncelled or suspended-

and IUSpeTl' (0) b)' the offi;er by whom the s.1me was fitr3nted, or by any anthority
Ito.. 01
liccncc. 10 which he may be suhordin:'lte, or by any District Ma~iltrate
within lhe 10C11 limits of whose jurisdiction the holder of such
licence may be, when. f....r reasons to be recorded in writing,
~lIch offi~r. anthont} or Magislr.lte d~ms it necessary for the
securit)' ollhc public peace to cancel or suspend such licence; or
(6) br anr Jud.:e or Malotistrnte before whom the holder of such licence
is con'tictt'd of an offence a&ainst this Act, or againsl the rules made
under this Act ; and
the I'resident of the Union rna" br notification in the Gneltc,c:ancel or suspend
all or an)' licences IhrOlllhollt the whole or any poniOD of the Union of Burma.

Po",," to IA.. The President olthe Union rna" b, notification, pUke rnln-
mucn.kl (.) provicling for appeal frolll or re\'ision 01-
uto appeal
or rhirioll, (i) orom refuting to iuue or renew arms liCClll:es, and
Iii) orden c.1ncellinJt: or susptrldinJt: licences under d."ust (n) of sec
tion 18 ; and
(6) prtscribiaa the procedure and the periO'is of limitation for SDeb appeals
and m;sions,
 Atwu. 19S

VI.-I'ENALT'IS.
'9. Whoever commits any of the following offences Cnamely) :_ !:or brtlCh
. '" Itctions
(a) mnnu{actures, connrb, or sell., or keeps, elfc:n or exposes for $;lIe. S,6, 10, 13
any arlll., ammunition or military storel ill contruention of the pro- to 11.
visions of section S ;
(bl fails to ~ive notice as rcquirtd by the same section;
te) imports or exports anr armlt ammunition or military stores in contraven-
tion 0{ the provisions of section 6 ;
(d) tr:lnsports :U\}' Anns, ammunition or military stortS in contraYention of
a rC/otulation or prohibition iuU(d under section 10 ;
ee, loes annrd in CQntr:1ycnlion of the provision. of section 13 ;
If} h:LS in bis poSiession or under his control any ann.s. arnmtmition or
military stores in cantn.vtnlion of the proyilionl of seWOG 14 or
section )S i
ll) inlentionally makes allY false clltry in a record or account which, b)'
rule made under seclion 1'1, clause (,), he is required to keep,
(I,) inlentionally fails to exhi~it anythinlt which, by a rule made under
section 1'1, clause Ie), he is reqllired to exhibit i or
ti) fails to deposit arms, ammunition or mililar\' .tores. as required by
section 14 or section 16 ;
shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three yelrs,

=
or with fine. or wilh both.
20. Whoever does an)' act mentioned in clause C.). (c), (d) or ({lot section 19, , .. SitOfd
in Stich rrumner as to inditate an intention thai sllch act may not be known to an, sd.
public. serTdnt as defined in the Penal Code. (or to any person employed upoo a ~o 141Ad'1~
rail",..ay or to the serv;,tnt of any pobli.,; carrier, '
and whoever, on any search being made under section 25, conceals orattaDpb fW CClOtai-
to tor"...:eal any ann~, ammunition or militar)- stores. lfI&atlIt5,
shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may edend to lfYetl fI1;.
)'tm. or with 6ne. or with both.

21, Wb~,er. in violation ofa condition subject to which a licence has been For brtaclt
I!ranted. does or omits to do any act shall, when the doing or omittinc to do luch of littRcc.
act is not punishable under section 19 or section 20, be punished with imprison.
mtnt for a term which may cKtend to lix months, or with fine which may estend
to five hundred nlpeel. or with both,
22_ Whoev(r kllowingly pUf..:hasc.j any anns, ammunition or military stores Forbow'-
lrom any peno:l not licensed or authorized IInder the proviso to sed.ion 5 to sell in.'" pu-
the So'l_ ; or c.buiDl '
r__
ana" de.,
6cealld
...-
delivcu any arlftS, am-nunition or military stores into the ponessiOR ol any for deli,.
per.iOn without pr(viously ascedainina that such penon is ItRaUr authorUed to ., . . .
POSSess the same, dc...:;"P'
shall be punished with imp:s.)lIment for a term which lUy extend to six ::tbolhlcl
Il'lOnths. or with n'le which maY extend to fi,~ handred rupee.. or \!Iitb both.
.....
t. J'O"C*'

2&. Any per30n violating any rule m:l.de under this Act, and for the yiolation really'Of
In"
01 which no penalty i! provided by this Act. shall be punished wilh imprisonment
I'r a tl:~,a .vhi;:, td~.ld l) one .nonth, or with fine which milY extend to rule.
bre.".
t\\'o htmdred rupees, or with both.
 196
2., When any person is conl'icted of an offence punishable under this Act,
power 10 committed by him in respeet of an)' anns, amml111ition or milil:n)' ,torn, it ,kall be
contiJQlt,
in the discretion of the cOllvidill/o! Court or Ma~i~tr,lh: forth~ 10 direct that Ihe
whole or an, portion of such anns, ammunition or militar}' stores, and an)' vessel,
Clrt or ba~;IJteanima.l usrtl to COllVCy the snme, and any box, packalc Of bale in
which the So,me may !l;lve been conCt'aled, l~etlicrwith tlie other contents of SDCh
box. pal,7kage or bale, shall be con6sc;\tcd.

VII.-WIICILLAlftOas.

,.. WhenevCf anr 11:l.Jl:istrate hl." reuonlo believe that any person midlnJ:
Search :IIId within tbe 1Oc:t.llimits of his jnrisdiction has in his posIC:ssion a" arms, ammuni
Iei.un by
"a~iltralt, tion or militarJ stores for anr unlawful purposc,
or Ihat stich person cannol be left in the pomssiOli of any such arms, am-
munition or milit..v y slOrcs without danger to the public peace,
luch MaJ:istrate, havinQ first recorded the J:roundlof his belief, may cause a
search to llf made of Ihe houte or preilliscs occupied by such person orin which
~nch lbgi,lrnte has fC:lSOll to hclie\'e such Mms, ammunition or milit.1ry slores arc
or is to be (ound, anrl n13Y seize and detain the So'\tnC, althoulth co'\"ered ,",y a
licem:~, in s;,le custod)' for slIch time ~$ he thinks l\eccss.,'1'.
The search in RICh case .hnn be conducted by, or in the prescnce of, a
M3j.tistralt, or by, in the presence nf, lOme office'r $ptciall)' empowered in.
tbis behalf by name Of in 'firtue of his office by the President of the Union.

26. The President of the Union may al any time order or cause to be
SdJnrc and seized any anns, ammunition or militarr slores ill the posseflSion of any person,
dclcntiIJn by
notwilhst:r.ndinit that such penon is licensed 10 posecss the ..1mf, and mny
Prnldtlll,
detain the tame for luch lime as he thinks llecesUI1' f(lr the public safely.

27. The President of the Union may, from lime to time, by notification
Pllwcrlo publilhed in the G:'Izette,-
cumpt.
(111 exempt any person b)' nnme or in virtue of his office, or any class
of penons, or exclude au)' dClCriplion of anl\S or ammunition, or
withdraw any part of the Uninn oE Burma, from the operation of
:Ul)' prohibition or dirttlion contained in this Act; 3nd
(6) cancel an)' su~h noti6ution. and aaain subject tbe personl or things
or the part of the Union of Bur~ c:omr-rised therein to the
operation o( such prohibition or direction.

InlotllWioIo 2'. ,E.,rry pcrson aware of th~ commistion of any offence punishable
lobe !lin.. under thiS Act shall, in the absence of rt:lsonahle excuse, the burden of
rq:udiDJ prorin)f wh~l,7h sball lie upon such person, al'fe inform:ttion of the ..,mc to the
offC'Kcs,
nearesl pohceofficer or ).faRislrale, and
eweT')' person employed upon any railway or by any puhlic carrier shall, in
the :lb$C~ce ~f ~aSOlJable excuse, lhe burden of provin/o! whicll shall lie upon snch
person, ~l've Inf?f1nation to the nearest police-officer rca.,rding a1\)' box, packa)fe
or l~e, In tranSit \I.-hich he may have re:lSOn to suspect contains amlS, ammunition
or.1\llllbr)' .stnres in respect of wbich an offence :a.;I,inst this Act has been or is
bema committed,
 J.,.... 191
29. No pc"OCtcdings shall be instituted against any perSOn in respect of an Sandion
offence punishable under section JIJ, clause (fl, without the preyio~ s.anction of rcquirtd to
the District Maptrate. ccrbUl pm-
Cf.Cl1lnp
under
sccllon 19,
dauteln.
30. Where a selrch is to be made under the Code of Criminal Procedure, in Searches In
the course of any proceedinlfs instituted in respect of an offence punishable under ~ cue of
section 19, clatlse I f), such search shall, nolwith...tandiml. "n)"thing cont~ined in api"::...
the said Code, be made in the presence of some officer speci:.lly appointed by the tioD 19.
President of lhe Union in this bellaU, and not otherwise. cbuse III.
howl'"
31 dlOCted

32. The President of the Ullion nuy from timr to lime, by noti6cation in Power"to
the Galette, direet a census to be taken of all llrearms in any 10Q11 area, U1d takc:<cnlUf
empower any person to take such census. of fire_unw.
On the issue of an)' sl1ch notilication, aU persons possessing any such ann.
in stich area shall furnish to the ~l"$On so tmpowered slich information as he may
require in reference thtreto, and lIhall proouce such alms 10 him if he so requires.
Any person rtfuSini or neglectinft to produce any .uch arm. when 50
required shall be punished with impriSOflmtnt for a term which may utend to
one month, or w-ilh line which may extend to lwo bundred rupees, or with both.
33. No proceecUn, other than a suit shall be commenced ago'dnlt any Notice and
penon for an),thing done in pursuance of thi. Act, without havinR aiven him al LlmIblioa of
ltast one month's previous nolice in \\'ritin~ of the intended proceeding nnd or ptoUediap.
the cause thereof, nor after the expiration of three months (rom the a..xro.,1 of
such caose.

N<lit<li (...." .. uT8~~~1,61l) (W?eB) ",<lieuo,,,

[oe,e "', .,d,fI'<'J'1"JrIi ."] (oec;e 1'11<0 J. o)
 11IE AIlM'l rn:MPOItAlty AMENDMEN1) Acr
[ACT LI, 1951.J (27th Octobe" 1951.)
It is hereby enacted as follows :-
I. This Act shall rennin in force until such dale as the President of the
Union may, by notific..tion. direct that it shall no longer be in force; and the
provisions of section S of the Sarma Genenl Clau~ Act as respects the repcal
of an enactment shall have effect when Ihis Act C(;'IStS to be in force by virtue
of such nolification.
2. So long as this Act remaillS in force, the Arms Act shall have effect as
if the followinJt had been inserted after section 19 of the said Act as section 19...
thereof. namely :-
1'19.... Whoever. with the intention of committinR the offence of Hjih
Treason. and. in conlr:l\'enlinn of th~ provisions of section 13 or
section 14 or section )5. goe:> armed with, or has in his
pOSsession or under his control, any of the following types of arms
or ammunition or milil:lry store$. namely:-
(i) Small arms, such as-
Ia) Ritle$l
(b) LiJ(ht Automatic, Sten Gun, Bren Gun, Tommy Gun, Brown;n.lt,
American '300 Carbine,

Publilht"'d ill. Blltwol Gct:dlc. 1951, Part t. p. 828.

 199
(H) Light Machine Gun or ammunition thereof,
(iii) Mortar or ammunition thereof,
(iv) Heavy Machine Gun, such as Vicken Machiue Gun, Browning
Machine Gun, Besa Machine Gun, Japanese Heavy Machine
Gun, AntiTank Weapon, and any varicly of Field Artillen',
Li~t Anti-Aircraft Gun, Aircraft Cannon or ammunition
thereof,
(vl Live Hand Grenade,
(vi) Livc Rifle Gn:nade,
(vii) Live Mortar Bomb,
(viii) Demolition Explosit;cs,
or anp other arms or ammunition of Ule description which tbe
Pre~idenl of the Union may, by notification, decmre in this behalf,
shall be punished with ri/:orous imp-isonmeul for a term which
may exten<l to .st:ven years:
Provided that, nohvithst:mdin~ anything to the contrary contained in
any other law for the time being in force, it sh.1l be presumed,
until the contritry i, proved, in a proseculion under Ihis section,
thl1t the person fonnd Roing armed with, or in possession of, or
havin" under his confrol any of the arm~, Mlmunition or military
stores specified hmin. h"ld the intention of committing the offence
of High Treason,"
3. Th. Arms IT.mrorary Amendment) Act, 19i91Act No. XXII of 19i9)
is hereby rePflalf'd.

*' THE EXPLOSIVE SIJISTANCES.Acr.

[INDIA ACt VI, 1908.] f8th June, 1908,}
'I. This Act extends to Ihe .....hole of lIle Union o( Burma and applies also Eltent and
to all citizens of the Union and all servants of the Governmellt whcre'fCf they aJlPlit..:oltlon.
may be,
2. In this Act, the ellpression .. Clplosive substance" ,hall be dl:emed to DcfiDitio!' of
include any materials (or makinJ! any ClIplolive snbstance: alMl any app<:tratUl, ":P1n-:"e
machine, implement or nlalerial u~d, or intended to be used, or adapted for SII lanl:t,.
causing, or aitlinll in causinJl:l ;my explosion in or with ilny explosive IIDbstance :
also any flul of flny such apparall1!, mlchinc or inlplement.
3. Any persoR who unlawfully and maliciously cause! by ilny exp(OIive Puni,baDellt
snb~tlnee an explosion of i\ nature likely to endan~er life cr to cause seriou. f~t~'itll:
injury 10 properly shall, whether any injury 10 person or property has bern jl);e1y t':
aetnall)' caused or not, be pUllished with tranlpnrhtion for life or alty shorttr tlld:u'lf:r liCe
term, to which line ml}' be added, or lVith imprisonment for a tum which Illay or Pfoperly.
extend to len years, to which /inc OI]y be ",delee!.
4, Any person who unlawfully and 1Il11licionsly- Punilhmenl
(a) does any act with intent to canse hy an ezplo~ive IDbslance, or lor attempt
10 caUIe ex-
conspires to c",use by all explosive subslance, an ezplosion in the plosion, or
Union of Burma of a nalure likely 10 endancer life or to cause serious for m~kil1l
injU1j' to pr.operty ; or orkeepiDC
(6) makes or has in hi~ PMsession or undel' Ilis control any explosin expIOli.'e
with intent
~ubstancc with intent by means thereof to endanger life, or caose
toadanll:er
~riOtl~ injury 10 propertr in the Union of Burma, or to t:llable any life or pro-
I Sub5tltuled b)' the l'nion 01 Burma (Adapb,tiotl of Lawl) Order, 1943. """.
 200
other penon by melDS thereof to end;ml<etr life or ~ serious
injury to property in the Union of Bnrm:t :
shall, whether any esplosion doe. or does not t..we pL,ce and whether an)" injury
to perlOn or propert}' has been actually caused or noll he punisll(.-. d with traDt-
porhllon for a term which rn.'\Y extend to twent~ yearli, to which fine nny be
added, or with imprisonment (or a t~rm which may utelHl to seven yean, to
which fine m:\}' be added.

S. A,y person who makes or knowi1lJtly bas in his ~ion or under hili
control ;m, exp&m.ive substance. under such circamslantts as to Jtive rise to a
rcasooablc: $USpiaon that be is not m,lkinlt it or does not han it in hi$ po$SICSIioD
or under his control lor a lawlul object. shall, unless he can show tbat he made it
or had it jp his Pt.Iscuion or undtr his COntrol for a L'\wrul object, he punishable
'lith transportation for a term wbicb m:lr extend to (ourteen yrars. to whicb inc
mar be added, or wilh imprisonment for a term which m.1Y extend to 6ve
)eanl, to wilith fine may be added,
6. Any pel"lOn who b)' the suPPly of or solicitation (or money, the provtdint
of premises, the slIpplr of materials, or in any manner whatsoever, procures,
counsels, ai .Is, ahels, or is acces!lOry to, the commis~ion of an~' offence uncler this
Act shall be punished w;th the punishment pro\'ided for the o8'ence.
lbtrktiull 1. No CllUrI. shall pto:l~eed to the tri..i.l of any ptf$Otl (or an offence ae:aitl$l
"'_.
tlll trial 01 tbis Act except with the con~nt of tile Presicknt of the Unton,

~I.>t~ j' 'l'u<; .,!. -i \1~'" ,,-...,' 11lI SEIlITlOliS MEETINGS Acr.
1 '''IF.. 6 '4 .. ~- ..,.:. [INDIA ACT X,19J1.] (22nd Wan:b, 1911J
E1bt. I. This Ad mends to the whole of the Union o( Burma, but thall haTe
operation only in Slh:h parts tb~ i$ thc l...."Jident of the Union may notify ill
the CucHe.
""w~r 01 2. II) nle President of the Union m:1Y b)' n ltilk:l.lion decl,1re the whole or
P....~ill,..lIt to ;In~' ",Irt of the Union of BUrlna in which thi, Act is in oper"tion to be a
no!if~' r~ rroclaimcd area.
::u (11 A notification made under sub-stttiOll (l) shall not rtmain in force for
mClC't thallllilt monlhs. hlltllotbing in this sub-sectior. shaD be deemed to prevent
the Prnide:nt of the Ullion from making any further notilicatioas in respect ~ the
same area from time to time as he rna)' think fiL
~ J, (J) (n this Aclt the eXJ'lf'd,'ion .. public meeting II means a Dk..'Ctifij( .tucb
is open to the public or an)' class or rortion ~ the rublic"
(ZJ A meetinc may he a public mtillg notwiUtsltndin t1l:tt it is Mid in .a
pr;.,"ah. rJacc and notwithstanding Utat admilSion thereto rna)' u'"e been rtsltided
by lio.:ket or othcn\"ist.

N..>til:cofla be 4. U) No pablic metting (Or the furtherance or dia:ussion nf any subject

~~" li~el! 'c! cause di)tu.r~tCC or: public e:a:citen~etlt, or for the e~bibitiOD
meet'llll*o rhstnbuti"II of all~' Wrltln!: or prmted m:ltter rtl:alinj:! to an)' such snbJect. th.a1l be
beltl in an)' procl:\imerl arca-
(a) unm ..... ritten llntict of the int.'lltion IQ hold such llleelinQ :lnd of the
lime ami {lbce (1 ~nch mtt"ling ha, been aivell to tlie District
Magi,tmte or the Commi)sir'lIcr of "'(,lice, as the ca~ rna)' be, at
ltast tbrtt day! prniou~I,: or
 Sedilious Aletli"l!s. 201
(6) unle>l permlSSlnn to hold ~uch meetin~ has \>ten obtained ill writing
from the District MaJ.,olstrdte or the: Commiuioner of Police, as the
calle may be.
(Z) TIle District Ma~istr.lte or any Magililrale of the lint daIS aulhorized by rower 01
the District M:lJ,!istl";ltc in this llt-half may, hr order in writini, depute one or W;O:Cist"'te
more poIice'officen, not be:in~ helow the rank of head const:IM~, or olher In ,";q,se
persons, to attend an}' :such mc:ctinl/. for the purpose of causinR a report to !le rcroort to b.:
taken of the proctedil,~~. boken.
(3) NothinJ,! in this section ~hal1 apply to ;IllY public meetin2 held under :lony
statutorY n other expreM leRal aulllority, or to any ~uhlie IT.edinL.'lI or class of
public medings eXt'ntl-ttd for th;lt purpose hy the I'n:sidellt of the Ullion by ~ne",l
or special order.
5. The Distrkt Magisll':\te Of the Commissioner of Polict, as the case may
be, may at :lny time, h, order in Y,Ti:ill~, of whkh ~t1blic noti..:e sh:loll forthwith pmltitit
,-. .
he fiven, probihit an}' puhlil,; meeting ill a prtlchimed :l.fea, if, ill his Opilliolr, p.!b1ic
luch meeting is likely to prom,tc sedition or disaft~tioll or to C3L1Se a di:;:turbance rDe1:~.
of the public tranquillit,.
6. (I) An}' perwn C"Oncerned in the promotion or conduct of a public n,eelin~
Penollties.
Itdd in ;l. proclaimed are:, cl)nl~r}' to the provisionl of seclion 4 shall be f,.unished
with imprisonment for" a lenn which may eztend 10 six mOllths. (If with line. rr
wirh both.
(t) An)' ('IUblic meelin~ which ha:;: h("en prohibited under seclion S shall be
deemed to bean unlawful assembly within Ihe meaninJ,! of Chapler VIII of tbe
PenOl1 Code and of Chapler IX of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
7. Whoe\"er, in a prochimcd area, in <l puhlic pl<lce or a place of public resort. Penall)' for
otherwile Ihall at 3 public 1Ilteting held in at..:ord<lnce wilh, nr exempted from; deliver~' tll
the provisions of :>eelion 4, wilhout the permission in wrilin~ of t!lC District Ipchq hi
public
M;lgistr:lle or of the Commissioner of I'olice. as the CoIS!: may be, prt.viollsly pl;lcrl.
obt.1ined. delivers :In~' lecture, address or ~Pt'ech on :lny subject likely to c.,u.~
disturbance or public excitement 10 ptrsOIlS then present, may be ;lrrtstecl without
warr,mt. and Ih111 be punished wilh imprisonment fora term which may extend 10
six months. or wilh line, or with hoth.
A. No Court inferior 10 that of a M:lJ,!islrate of the Hrst class or Subdivisional C"Jlllil~lIce
M,,~istrate .h:lJllry :my olIenee 3J,!aillst this Act. olo(fcuce$.

TIlE UNLAWFUL ASSOCIATIONS ACf.

[lNDlA ACT XIV, 1908.] (11th December, 1908.)

1_.... 4
PART II.
UNLAWFUL ASSOCIATION$.
IS. In this Part- Dcfiniliohs.
I) "association" means auy combination or body of pcruns. whether
the sallle be known hy any distinctive name or noli and
(2) ee nol:l\\"(ul a,'.soci:ltion" means an association-
(a) whkh enCOllraJ,!e_i or aids flCrSOn~ to c(olnmil aeh of .,iolcnce Ilr
intimidali'lll or o( \\"Ilich tilt: mClnher~ II Ihiluall)' commit snch ads, or
(6) whkh hu been dedared to be unlawful by the Presid~lJt of the
Union under the powers hereby conferred.
..."to .6. If the President of the Union is of Opinion that any association
d1~ inlerfern or !'las fcK its object interference with the adminj~tration ollhe law or
u5ocblion with the m.unlen:lnce 01 law :tIId order, or thai it constitutes :I dallRer 10 the public:
."lmll!.
peace, the PresideDI of the Union may, by notification in tbe Gazette, decbre such
association to be unlawful.
Penlltln. 17. (I) Whoever is a member of an unlawful associltion, or lakes part in
mr.etings, of any such association, or contributes or rteeiVtl or solicits <lily
contribJtion lei' the purpose of allY such usociatioo, or in any \\'3.)' assists the
operations of :lD' such 2ssochtion, shall be punished with imprisonment for ;l
term {which sh:lll not be lest thaD two years and more than three years 2nd sban
also be liable to fine] '.
(11 WhoeYcc man~es or lS~ists in the mana~ement of an unllwful association.
or prorr:oles or assi,ls in promolinJt a mc:etinJt of any such association, or of any
members t1111!rtO( as such membcn, shall be punish~d \\;th imprisor,m~nt lor:t
term (which shall not be less th:m three years and more th:ln five )'ears and shall
also be: liable to fine) I
'lJl
Po...e:r \0 I7A, (I) Tile Ilresidenl ol the Union may. by notifiCo'ltion in the Gazette,
nolif)' and ootil,. an)' place which in his opinion is used for the purposes of an unlawful

"I
bitt I"*d" associatiOD.
01 p1acn
nted 50r the E.qUtfUJ/w..-For the ~urposes o( this section II place " includes a house or
==~ buildin~, or part thereof, or a tent or \csscl.
utoei;alion, (ZI The District Madstr:lte, or any officer authorired in this behalf in ,\ritin"
by the Distrid Ma,tistrate, may therenpon take possession 01 the notified place
and nict tberefrom an)' person found therein, and shall forthwith make a report
of the takin)!. poaeuion to the President 0( the Union :
Provided that where such place contains an)' :lp<l.rtment occupied hy women
or children, re:,son~bl~ time ;lnd facilitics shall be alorded for their wilhdrawal
with the least l'OI~ible inconvenience.
(J) A notilied place whereof possession is taken under subsection (Z) shall be
deemecl to remain in the possession of Government so long as the notification
ulldenubsection (Ij in rtl'pect thereof remains in fnrr.e.
NO"abk: 17D. III The Districl Magistrolte, or officer takin~ possession of a notified
rtopr:rly p1il, shall also take pos:;elllion of all 1II01'abie properly lound Iherein and shall
fO>.lIld Ina
notilitd nuke ;I list thereof ill the presenCe of t..o res~ctable witnesses.
pbee. (1) If, in the opinion of Ule District Maa:istr.lte, :lny arli(:les specified in the
list are Or moly be: osed for the purposes of the unlawful association. he may
proceed subje(:t to the provisions hereafter contained in this se<:tion to order suo:b
:lrucles to be forleited lO the St:lle.
OJ All olher articlu IIptcified in the list shall be deli\'tred to the ~
\l,'!ll'tl\ he c,,"siders to be entitled to fIOSSCSSion thmof, or, if no such ve~n IS
'ound. shall be disposed (If in sm.h manner as the District .t:l.~istnte m:l.Y (hreet
~4) "~e OistJ:id '[~istrlle sh.ll! publish. as nearly OIl may b~ in th~ l1l~nn:f
provided In. sedion 87 of the Code of Criminal Procedure for the pUhlu:al!Ofl d
a pr:oel:um.tIOll, a notice speclfyin}t the arttcln which it is propoled 10 for.fesl au
C2lltn~ "~n :l.n)' person cl:l.imi~ that an)' ;u,tide is nol liable 10 forletture to
lI:alnst the forfeiture of the :l.rti\ I,'.

I Sllbltitultd by Act
I Dr:lded ...,:
LXI, 19504.
-_ _-----
SUh!",lt In wriling within fifteen dars any representation he desires to make

..
 203
(S) Where .L'lY luch repr~ent.,tion is accepted by the District Magistrate, he
shall deal with the article concerned in accordance with the providons of sub
lltction (J).
(6) Where any such tepresentation i. rejected, the representation, with the
decision thereolJ, :ibllil be forwarded Lo the Distnd Jl1d~e, ill the case 01 a
decision by a District Ma~istratt. an(I no order of forfeiture shall be made until
the Di:slriet Judge has adjudicated upon the representntion. Wbeu: the decision
i.~ nol confirnlcd tht= artlcle~ shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions
of sub-sedion (J).
/7) III making an adjudi~\tion under subsection (6) the procedure to be
followed shall be the procedure laid down in the Code of Civil Procedure ior the
in\'cltigation of claims, so fat a: it can t-e made to apply, and the decision of the
Distrid Judge shall be final.
(8. Ii the article seized is livesto.:k or is of a perishable nature l the District
Magistrate rna)', if he think~ it exp~dient, order tht: immediate $Olle thereof, and
the proceeds of the li_lle shall be disposed of in the manner herein providt:d for
tht: dispo$3.! of other arli~les.
11C, Any pt:rson who enters or remains upon a notified place without the Trupaaa
J:ermission of the District Magi,;lrate, 01' of all officer authorized by him in IIp..n notllicd
this behalf, sball be deemed to commit criminal trespass. placet,
.,0. Before a notiJi.eation under Fubsection (I) of sel.-tion J1A is The: ulin-
cancelled, the President of the Union .hall uive such gt:nt:ral or llpecial qul.hUlent
directions as he may deem requisite regulatinu the relinquishment by uf properly.
Gcvernment of possession of notined place..

7. (I) Where the President of the Union is 'S1tisfied l after sucb inquiry Power to
as he may think fit, that an)' monies, sect1rities or credits are being used or (orfdt
are intended to be used for the purposes of all unlawful associatiolJ, the fUlld.of an
unl,l""lul
President of the Union mar, by order ill writiug, declare such monies, illSOClllioll,
securities or credits tu bt: forfeited to tht: State,
(2) A copy of an order nnder sub-section (1) m,ly be served on the
p~rson havin!t custody of tht: monies, securities or credits, and on the service
of sach cop~' such pers:>n shall pay or d~liver the m)nie$, securities or credits
to the order o( the President of the Union:
Provided thllt, in lhe case of monies or securities, lI. copy of the order
may be endorsed for CXl:cution to sl1ch officer as the President of the Unioll
m:l.Y setect, .md sudl ofticer shall have power to lo:ulcr UpOIl and search for
such monies and st:curHies in any premises where they may reasonably be
suspected to be. and to sei7.e the same.
(3) Before an order of forfeiture is made under sub-section (J) the
President cf the Union sball give written notice to the person (if any) in
whose custody the monies, secllrilie~ or credits are found of his intention
to forfeit, and any persOIl ;'\~rievc I thereb\' may within lifteen days from
th,e .is'lle at such notice tHe "n applicalion to tbe District Judole in a
Dlstnct to establish that the monies, securitiea or creditll or any of them
are ~ot Iiilble to forfeiture, and if any such 'application is made, no order of
forfeiture shall be p:1ssed in re<;pect of the monies. securities or credits
COncerned until such application has been disposed of, and unless the District
ludue lI:'!s decided th;'\t tht: tRonies, seclIritiesor credits are liahle to forfeittlre.
(4) In o1i!lposing of :tn application under suh.section (3) the procedure to
he ~ollowed shall hI! the procedure laid down in the Code o( Civil Procedure for
the mvesli~ation of claims. so far as it can be made to apply and the decision
of the District Judie shall be final. I
 204
(S) Where- the Presi(lent of the Union bas reason to btlil."Vc that any
person hlS cu!!lody of any manin, ~curities or credits which are b:ei~g used
or ;\re intended 10 he used for the purposes of an nnlawful aSSOCiation, the
President of the Union may, by or<ltt in writin/<!:. prohibit such pefl'iOn from
p.,yin~. delivcrin~. transierrinl: or otherwise dealinJ( in 0\11)' m:'lnner whalltOevtr
with the Mune. s:we in ;1ccordancc with the wrilten orders of the President
of the Union. A. COP}' of fiuch oroer $ball be served upon the person to whom
it i, directed.
(6) The Pre~ident o[ the Union may endorse a COP)' of an order under
sub-sl:ction 13J (or in\'esti~alion to any officer he may select, ancl snch copy
shall he warl':lnt whereunder such officer may enter upon any premises of
tile persOll to whom the order is directed, examine the books of Sllt;h person.
search lor monit's and securities. an(1 make in\1Dirit:S from soch person, or
;lilY otl1cer. agl:tlt or servant of such personl toue.hinn the oriJ,(in of and
dl';llillJ!:s in a!'y monies, securities or cre{lils which the investigating officer
may suspe"..t ,ue hcilll: UK'd or ;lrc intended to be used for the pUrposes of
;'In IInl:mful :\."SOCiation.

(i) A copr of an ocder und~r this se"tion rna)" be ftrved in the

m.,nner provided in the Code of Criminal !)rocedul'(' for the sen'ice of a
summOIlS, or, wlu:re the person to be sel'\"ed is a corporation, company.
hank or association of [lCl"$()ns, it may toe served on any se<:relary.
director or other oOicer or person concerned with the m;'lnaJ!:e~t
thereof, or b) Ie-wing it or s<ndin~ it hr ('lOSt addressed In the corpOrationt
t.'OIIlPo1n), h.111k or association ;11 itll rel:istered office, (Of. where there is no
re~isleretl ollice, at the J'lL;ce whloT(' it carri.:s 011 business_
(81 Whl...e ;111 ordcl' of forfeiture is made under sub-sedion (1) in respe.:t of
an)' mOllies. securities or credits in n'spe'Ct of which a prohibitor)' order has hn
made under ::lIhsection 13). 511"h or,ler of forfeiture sh;tll have effe<:t from the
dde of the Pfohihitorr order, and the rerson to whom the prohibitorr order
was directed shall par or delhw the whole of Ihe monies, securities. or credits
forfeitcd to the o,.der of the President of the Union.
\9.1 Where :tnY pt.rSOll liable under this :;~ction to pay or d~lh'er any monies,
sc....UI'ities or ~re<1its to the onler of the Prnidcnt of the Union refuses or fails to
cOIIWly with :U1Y direction of the Pre)ident of the rllion in this behalf. tI.e l'resi
dellt of (hc Union lillY reco\'er from stich pe-I'son l as arrears of lamlre\'cnue or as
a fint', the amount 01 stich monies or credits or the market value of such securilies.
(10) III this section, " securit), " includes a document whereby any person
a~'kllowledJ!:es that he is under a le~al liability to pa~' money, or whereunder any
person ohtains alt:gal ri~h1 to the payment of monel' ; and the market \-alue of
any S(."..u rily me;tns thc \-:llue as fixed by any officer or person deputed hy the
President of the Uni(lll in this behalf.
(11) E1l:c....pt so far as is 1I~,;ess;l.ry (or the J'lurposes o( any pnxecdin~ umler
this s.:ction, no info>rmatioll obt:tincd ill the COllrse o( an)' in.,esti~3Iion made
under suh-sectio!! (il) slull be tlinll~cd br anr offi....er of Go\"Cnlment without the
conseut of tlue Prtsident of the Union.

JUli"Ij,,:iion t 7P. E\'u\' report of the 1.1ltinJ: posseMion of property and everr decL,utiotl
barred. of forfeiture 1113de, or P1Irportin~ 10 he nude und~r this Act sh311, '\S aJ!::linst all
per!\Ons, be . . onclusi\e proof that the (lropertr specified th~rein has heen !:Iun
p~e~sion of b\" Go\"~rl1ment or ha. been for(t:il~d. at. the case may be. and sau
all prOVided ill sections 17B aile! liE 110 proceedil1~ purporllll~ 10 he takell under
sectiOllliA 1 17B, 17C, liD, or 17E, shall he called in qlle"tion hy ~1l)' C"url, and
no ch-il or .:rinlin,1 procecrlin~ !halt be instituted against an)' person for anrthinA
 lOS
in good faith done or intended to be done under Ih~ aaid te<:tiOll$ or against
Go\'trnmtmt or person acliolo( on hehalf of or by 3\lthorily of Government for ;11I)'
10 or damlae c;lused to or in respc(t or any properl)' whereof possession IIU
been taken hy Government under lhill Act.
.8. An ,s:sociation sllallllot be deemtd 10 han ceased to uilt by reason ConIlnllance
ooly of an, formal act of dissolution or chanJtc of title, bat .hall he deemed to 01 a~b,.
continue so toot( a. any lctual com,bin.1tion for Ihe Purposes 01 such aseoclation ...
continues between any mcmbm thereof.

.. The Preeident of the UDion ma,. by i\Oli6tatiOD, direc:t that ltCtion 7 shall AppllcatlcL
come Iota forte in aI'Iy area on such date II .-r be specified In the notification.
2-4.
7.;1) ...._ -
doill~ or to do an)' act
tal wilh inttllt to C\DSC auy ptl'lOn to ahs\ain from MoIeJu.
whkh lach penon hu a rijtht 10 do or to absb.in from doi,.. ~nf" :
olor
::-m~ b:t.j~c~:n ~n :=~.::t=or~~ :;~=
place .bat .cb petSOD or member cr emplored pmoD. mides or
weds or c.ania on businett or happens to btl Of pmislenUy fol1owl
him. frem place to platt. or interferes with any properly Onect or
uted by him or depri... be of or biDders him in tbe . . thereof I 01'
(~ loilen or does any similar act It Of Dtu' tl\e place where a perIOD
carritt on businelSt in such a "':I.)' and with illtcnt that In)' penon
Ny thereby he deterred from enterina or 1ppf00chinl or dealinl( at
_hplact, \
Ib:atI be PbOiIbed with Imprisonment for a term which ma,utand to dx months,
or with ine which may exteDd to 6ve hundred rupees, or with both,
t r..,.~,-Encouraaelllent 01 indigenous industries or achtcaey of
,alper:ance, Without the COft\adll1on of any of the act, prohibed by this stdiOD,
II DOt aa oIentt under thilllCtion. .
,til No Court ,hall tab: COCftiu~e of all oItnc:e panbhable oader this

... . . .
~lcept.UPOII:l. rtPCri in writing of bel, wlUth ooDltilite IlIcb oImce
U7 II. pohoe-ol6tu DOt below the rank of of6cer in cb~ of ~ poIice.. talioo.

to ~olwith"aadinaa"ythin. conl:ained (n the Code of Criminal. J\ooedUR,- PfocIedat

(j) flO Court inlerior to th:lt of a Ma&istn.te of the int clut ~II try any II oIc8ce
". oftnce under this Act; ...:::er tbt
\Ill an o&llc:, punishahle 'antler tectinn [' ')' 1lhaU be ~nilab. by
the pOllee;
(iii)
(i,) an o.ence runilhaNe under scellon 1,h:1U be non.ballable.
 206
" 'ttJ I ~I,.,~"."

.'1;' TIlE EXPULSION OF OFFENDERS ACI'.
':'I' .... ,.c.<I,,~. ~ .. ,.'
:. ~". "">y" ': ., [SUlUU. Acr I; 1926.J (16111 lmuarr, 1926.)
Wbereas it is expedient 10 make provisions to enOlble th'c Government 10
Prcalllble. upel from the Union of Burma persons wilD ':I.re convicted o( certain offences or
orderro to furnish security ror good behaviour , ., and are nol citiltns
or the Unbn ; II is nereby enacted,,$ follows :-
.. (I)
tZI It eJdends 10 the whole of the Union of Bunn:\.
2. In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the conlext,-
Definltionl.
1.(Al" Non-Borm,m "mc,',ns any pcl'IQn who is not a cili2en of the Union.
Noubu1'lb;m. IB} "Offender" means an~'lper50D aJUlin~t whom an)' sentence or Older of
OIendr.r. the nllure hereunder mentioned has been passc:d hy any Ceur! or
Macistrale other th'n a Magistrate of the !ODd or third class,
which ~ntence or order has not ~ set aside on :lppeal or
revision, that is to u}',-
(Il sentence on conviction of :lny offence shewn ill the Fint Schedule; or
Iii) sentence on eonrietir;ll of anr offence shewn in the Steond
Schedule after a previous eonviclion-
fll) where the suhsequtnt conviction is under the Penal Code, of
:l.Jlf offence she...:n in the Second s.;h~ule ~nd containrd ill tht
s,"lme Chaptn- of the gid Code, or
(b) when the sohsequent con\'iction is unItt an}' law other ltanlht
I."lid Colle, of :lny offence punishable under Iht.' ume law wilh
imprisonmenl for three years or npw;'lrdr, or
(,I of any (-ffence ~hewn in the First Schedule in respect of which
n(l order W:lS passed under this Act: 01'

(im order under section 118 read with section 110 of the Code of
Criminal Procedure, or under any other law which authorizes ;I:
}1:lRislr:lte to dC:l.l "'itiJ a penon:lS if the information reived
a~:linst him were of the d~ription mentioned in section 110 of
tile So,id COlic.
For the purposu of sub.c1ause (m a p:-t\-ious conviction for abetment,
criminal conspiracy or alternpt to commit any offence mentioned in the Schedules
.h:l.11 ~ deemed to be a previous ron,ietion of the offence in respect of wbkh such
:lbetment, crilOiD;l1 cono;pir3C}' or atte:npt was commintd.
bpubion 3. Any non-Burman a~ deliued in c1~u.se fA) ofthe pcecedinJ ~tion who
01 oIendtr. is an offl:flCler as defillM in clause (8) of the said section shall be Iiahle to be
expelled from the Union of Burma under the provision' of this Act,
OII"endrr to ". fl) When ,n offend~r beconle~ lithle to he expelled from the Union of
be c:lllrd Bunna nnder the preceding section, the District M19islrate of the district in
upollio sllr" which the Court pusine a sentence or an order alt:linst sneh an offender is situate
Cl~:
1112.)" C:l1I UpJD him to ~hew C,lUst wh)" hI! should not be expelled.
~PJlf:\t to
Hia:h c..rt.
~rict (n If the 53id offender desires to pnxlllce evidence to shew that he is not
JlJ(istralr li3hle to be expelled nnder the ..,id section or that for :lny other rt:lSOn he should
loaau rro
.,..
~~.
not be 50 expelled, Ihe District Ma\!istrate shall record such evidence and the
evidence of anr other \\'itnesse~ whom he m:l)' dm it desirable to examine in the
manner prescnbed in Chapter XXV or the Code of Criminal Pro.:edure f(lr the
I Sobstilutrd br the l'nic. of B"nD:I {Ad~rt1ldl of L'IwIJ Ordn, 1941,
 207
taking and recordinK of evidence ill the trial of warrant cases, or may dired any
M.:lgistrate of the first cia&:> to record such evidenc~.
(j) If after the offendcr has been called upon to shew cause and alter
evidence, if ;my, has been rel:\lrded, the District Magistrate is of opinion that the
said offender is liable to be expelled (rom the Union of Burma under the
prO\"is.iOIlS of section 3, and thal it is desirable that he should be so expelled, he
shill make a recomm~ndation in \\Titin~ for the offender's expulsion, statiTig his
reasons therefor, and give the offender a copy of such I~commendation.
(4) The offcnder may, within fifteen da}'s or the receipt of the copy of the
order, require the District Ma~iltrate to refer for the determination of the High
Court the question whether the offender is or is not a nonBurman or is or is not
ID offender within the meanin~ of the Act. and on receipt of soch requisition the
District Ma~istrate shall forward the proceediulls together with the requisition to
the High Conrl, which shall deal with the reference al far as possible in the
manner provided by the Code of Criminal Procedure for the disposal of an
appeal.
(Sl If no luch requisition is made or if the High Court upholds the District
Magistrate's recommendation, the District Mastistrate may forward the case to
the President of the Union.

5. (z) No offender shall he called upon to shew call8C aJ:(ainst expubion Time wllhln
after the espiry of three months from the date of the senlence or order in virtue of which
of(e.ld., to
which he is liable to be expelled. be ~lIed
(Z) No recommendation for the expulsion of an offender shall he forwarded upoA to
to the President o( the Union aller the t.'Cpiry of one month from thl,l date of the fhewc:n'M
and 1TlXlIII-
receipt by the District Magistrate of the H4th Court's order cn the reference made JD\1Ddation
under subsection (4) of section 4, or, w!l<.....e no such reference has been made, to be made
after the expiry of one month from Ihe date all which a copy of the recommend- to the
ation was given to the offender under sub-section 0) of section 4. President.

6. On receipl of the District Magistrate's recommendation the President Power 01

president
of the Union may. at hi~ discretion, issue an order of .expulsion dire~inj.! the to order
oIend~r to remove himsell from the Union of Burma 10 accordance with rules removal.
made under section 9 :
Provided that no such order shall be inoed after the expiry of lib moJ;tb,
from the date of the receipt of the District MJgistrate's recommendation.
0.1.....
7. lo:very such order of expul~ioll shall take effect from stich date as the dural_ oJ
President o( the Union may direct and shall remain in force until it is revoked br upultion
the Pl'esi(lent of the Union.
Puni,blBeftt
. 8. 1 any person against whom any such order o~ expul$ioll has. been issued 101' bread!
fa"s to compl,. with the order ill any respect, or h;:rt'lll~ leil the Union of B~ 01 order.
reentcl's thl,l Union of Burma without the permission in writinc of the PreSident
or the Union while the order is in force, he shall be liable to imprisonment for a
term which may edend to two yeus or to fine or to both and shall, in addition to
SlK:h penalty, be liable to be removed from the Ullion of Burma in pursuance of
the order.

9. The President of the Uilion may make rules I : -

(tI) prescribing thl: authority ('f authorities who shall determine the ~
or p!.lce from which the vessel or othli:r melns by which, llie time
at which, and the manner ill which any person sub~t tn an order
of expulsion nnder this Act shall rtm lve himlelf from the Union of
Bnrma : Provided that such person shall be allowed to &0 to anY
I For ruin under thiI seeiiOfl, set B.,,,,. GlUtftt, 1926, Part I,' p. lOll.
 208 E$ftfln"on olotlfldt".
port outside the Union ofBorma which lit' Tn.'Y!ieh!ct if he pays the
(osbl Lf the journey lI11TttOj .
(6) prescribitlJ.: tlk: onk~ h)' whom amllhe manner iu whidl any stich
person Iball be IIi'H.'ed on bom} any "essel by whteb he II (0 remove
bim!lelf;
Ie) prescribinfl: the escort (0 the frontier of any pel'1OQ wbo is directed
by an, such order to remove himself b,' land;
(JI pmcrihiltJt the payment by any person of the coste of rem09'inf{ anr
person under tbis Act, nnd for the rCl.'.OVcr)' of ~uch COlts as ;a nne
undtr the provisioull of the Co<le of Crimin:d Procednre ; :lnd
(,) fl:enernllr for cnrryillg into effect the PlllposcS of this Act.
Penalty for 1'. AnY person wlto ilia carrier, or the aRcnt of Acarrier. nnd who is duly
fallwe by reqlli~d in pursu;illC~' of an order of expulsion 11IIdl.'r this Act to Qrry an)' person
carner. to any place on the usual roule of c1rriage ;l.nd for the ordinary prepaid challfes,
and lail~ to comply with such rt.oqui~ition wjth~ut reasonahle caUIe. shaU, on con-
liction by a lUgistrate of the nrst class, be punish<lble with fine which may extend
to five hundred rupees.
THE FIRST SCHEDULE.
[5<0 section 2. eL'.... (8) lil and liil lei.)
(I) An)' 08'l!:nce panish:l.hle IIneler :In\' of the following seetions of the Pen..'\l
Code. ';:., sectioll5131, 132, 232, 234. ~l, 304. Y11, 308. 311, 328, 329, 366A.
~mm,m,~m,m,m.~.~412,41~4~~~4~
460. ~89A. 489D ;
<.21 Any oIence punishable under auy other law wilh death, transportation or
imprisonment lor seVCD )'eJrs or upwanb :
(3) Abetm,'nt of anr of the afuresaid oIences, where such abetment is
punishable undcr Chapter V of tke Peml Code;
(4) Criminal con.piracy to commit an)' of the alorc!t.'litl o.ellce., where such
cri.lllin~1 conspiracy is punishable under !lCCtion 1208 of the Pen-,I Code; :lhd
(5) Attempt to commit ,IllY 01 the aforea.,id offences, where such :IUcmpt is
punillhahle under section SII of the PCn<l! Code.

THE SECOND SCHEDULE.

[Sec section 2, clause (B) lij).)
(I) Any oIence punishable under ;lny of tbe followina: sections of the Penal
Code, .i:. sections JS3A, 215,216, 216A, 231,233, 235,237, 238, 239, 240, 32S,
m,~tm_~I,.~~~,m,_w,.~.m . ~
394,404,411,419,420, 4S1 (if the offence is in order to tbe commission of theW,
454 (if the oIence is in order to the commission of tbeft). 457 (if the offence is in
order to the commission of theft),..fS8, 4898, 489C ;
(2) Any offence punishable tlnder au)' otlKT law \\'jlb imprisonment for three
years and upwards ;
lSI Abetment of any of tbe :lforesaid offene~. ,vhere sllch :lhctment ls
ptIni,hahle under Chapter V of the Penal Code;
(4) Criminal eonspinc)' to commit an}' of lbe :lfornaid offences. where such
criminal con!lpil"3C)' ill poni5hahle under section 120B of the Pellal Code; and
(5) AUenlpl to commit ;any til the afores.'lid oIences, where such ;atltm~ is
punishable under !le\:tion 511 of tbe Penol! Code.
 209

THE PRESS (REGISTRATION) ACT. J OE I-'CC~ ,.:,~

I
l! ->t"'"
J" ,,
.!.'e 'Q~ "'''''"i' 0 OJ,.j ~
QI~b i ....c;-&u..~ r~~"" .
CONTENTS-

Prt<lII.olt.
PART I.
l'ilELUWfAIlY.
SAlions
I. IlIlerprelalioncb.u~e.
'2.

PART If.

(}P PRUfTINO'PRESSE:l AND .NEWSPAPERS-

3. Par:iculan; to be printed on hooks and paPers.

4. KCt:per of printinfH~re~s to m,ke declaration.
S. Rules;\5 to publication of vrinted periodical; containing pur.lic news.
6. Anthclllie:ttioll of declar.'ltiOll.
Deposit.
InspecliOlI and StIp1-ly of co~ies.
7. Offi.:~ C0l-Y of ck<:lari\lion 10 he Iriull! ft"ic evidencc.
Ii. Nl:W rlecl;lralion by persons who have lilfled decl:lf..llioD and subsequently
ccO\seu to be priulen or publisners.
AUlhentica,tioll and filing.
lusjJtclion anl! supply of cOllies.
Pullill~ cow in evidcrn;c.
SA. Person whose name has betn incorrectly publimed as editor may make
c1edMatiOD bCoce a t.b.gistT01tt.

PART III.

DEUVIRY or Boo..-s.

9 Copies of books printed alter commenctment oJ Ad. to be dd;",ercd JUOlli.

to GO\crnmenl.
10 Reccirt for cnpics rtdircrcrlunder section 9.
t I. Dispos;l! 01 c:oPits delh'.:n:d ulltlcr scction 9.
IIA. roflies of ntlV!ipa~r prinled in the linionof B~ \q i;~dclivet04 ~tis 10
G<-remmeol,
 210 Prell fRegislr4tior1).

PART IV.
PZNALTJIS.

SecbortJ.
12. Penally for pri"till~ contrary to rule in atelion 3.
13. "'enally for keepin~ press without making declaration required by section 4.
14. Punishment COf mtking false sbtement.
IS. Penalty for printing or publishing periodical. without conforminf to Nles.
16. PClIllty for not deliveriol! boob or not supplying printer 'lith maps.
1M. Penalty for failure to supply eopies of newspapers Irati. to Government.
17. Recovery of forfeitures and disposal thereof and of 6nes.

PART V.
REGISTRATION OF Boou.
18. RCJ,:istration of memoranda 01: books.
19. Publication of memoranda registered.

PART VI.

20. Power to make rules.

Pnblicalion.
21. Power to exclude any cbas of boob from opention of Act.

1IIE rlWS (REGISI'RADON) ACT.

[INDIA ACT XXV. 1867.J (22nd March, 1867,)

Preamble. WHtWll!.. .S it is expedient to provide (or the re:: llation of printing-presses and
of pttiodicals containing news. for the pre~ryalion of copies of every boolc printed
or lith~phed in tbe Uniou of Burml! and for the registration of such books ;
It is hereh)' coacted as follows :-

PART I.
Pilf:UKUfUY.

I. In this Act, unless there shall be sometbio, reputnant in the subject or

conted,-
.. Book." "book" includes every volume, p..t rt or division of a volume. and pamphlet.
in any lanCUagt, l'nd every sheet of music, mlp, plan separately
vrilltcd or Iithoi::r"phed. .
If Editor," .. l:dttor" means the pel"5()n who controls the selection of t'be maUtr thirt is
p'lblished in a newsp;lper,
or
,. M"IiSlr,de" means it W"gistratc the fir,t class,
 211

PARr 11.

3. Ewry boo~ or paver printed' .within the Union of Burma mil ~ Partim,"

:1.
. ted kJ,tihly on It the n;lme of the pnnler and the pbee of printing and (if the 10 be pn_1ed
or p:lper' be published) the lWne of tbe ~blishet and
. t'tOll
publll:a
the
place of .. bol:*a. .
-...

. No ~-non ,1hIJ1. within the Onion of Burma, keep in hi' po&~ui()n any Keeper of
press (or the pintlo" o~ books or pnpen, \\'h~ .hal1l1o~ h,we m~de and aabscribcd priaUac-
the loUowinj( ckchnhon before the Distnct Masustratt Wlthin wboee local IlMs to
j..mdidion _b JlrClS may be :
.' I.A. B., dec:Lue that I blVe a press for printinc at ..
=. _b-
And tbis Jut bbok ahall be ~l1ed up \yUh a true and preciJc desaiption of the
ihce where IIDch ptelll m.'~' be slta1te.
S No IlC\nr-ptI' sh:lll be published in the UniOn of Burma, eacept in It*-. to
COlIf~lY with the rules bereiaaftcr hid down:- F iii liott
(I) Evt1'Y co~ of C9ay ~ newspapcr thaD contain the IWDe of tbe'~=~
peNOl\ who is the editor thereof pnnted dearl~' on lilll;h copy .. the: r.ame oi Ute l-..blllillf
editor of tllat newsi=aper : . public lie"',
(2) The priutt:t and the publisher of C\"CT'J lOCh IlCWlpap.-r ahaD appear in
person or by :agcnt :l.utborised in this behalf in :.coordance \I:itb ru'u made under
IeCtiOD 20. helol'1: the [);strict lb.istr"te within wlQe local juri5di.ction 10th
ne"'sj):lper shall be printed or publilhed. Of ~llch lIintc:1' or publisher resides, and
shan m.1ke and subscribe, in duplicate. the foUowin.: dedaralion :- .
U I. d. 8., declare that I am the ~l'illter [0, publisher, 0' printer and
publisher] of the ncwspa~ cntiUcd and printed lor PUb-
lubed, or printed and published. Itj ,,,, tlIlI _ , be] at--."
And the last blank in this fonn of declaration shall be 611cd up
with a true and pu.'.Clse account of the prcmiSl.:s where tbe printin!: or publication
is c:ondu"ted:
(3) As oftell as the place of prilltin~ or publication is changed, a new
declaration shall be neCCSS3ry :
(4) As often :\S the muter or tbtl publisher who shall ba,'c made soch
declaration as is afores.,id shall lean the Union of Burml. :1 new declaration from
:t printer or pablisher rcsident within the said territories shalt be necessary :

Provided that no persall who has not attained majority in :aCCOf j:tnee with
the pruvisions of the )'hioritr Act, or of the hw to which he is subjc<:t ill rnpCCt
at the atb.inment of m:.iority, shall be permitted to make the dedJration
Pl'"'-=ribt:<\ hy U~is sKtion, no~ shall allY such pt:rSUIl edit J. newspaper.

. 6. E~h o the two originals of every dl~I;1fation. ~o made ;l,od suheaibed 1$ AIIlbmti-
ISa~oresa\d. sha.lt be authcntk'ated by Ih..: si.l!nalure and offici:!1 seal of the utiOil ~
MagIStrate before whom the said declaration shaU have been made. ~ar
 212
One of the said ~mal$ shall be deposited amon~ tbe m:onk of tbe o8ict of
the M:WstroltC. and the other shall he deposited amona lhe rccords of the H."
Court, or other principal civil Court of oriCinal jurilaiction for the place wbert the
Did decbl'2Uoa. shall ~l,e been made.
The .:lOicer in cbarlC' of each oririaaJ shall allow any pa10ft to inspect that
oril:lnal on payment of a fee of onc rupee. and ,haJJ gi,'c to any penon ap)Jfyinl a
COP? of the said declantion. attested. b, the seal.of the Court which hal the
eustody of the on,;naJ, OD payment of a fee of two ru~.
7. In ll1)'lepl prooetdiuJl: whale\,"" as well ci'ril as crilllinaJ, tbe production
~ of a copy of such dtcJa"'tion as is aforesaid. alttsled b)' U4e ltal of lOme Court
,.,..-
lion to be
adde_.
en1powered by this Act to haTt the custody of.uch declaration., 01', in lhe caaeof
the editor, a copy 01 the ncws{Qper containing bi, oameprinted OD it. tbatof
the editor. dWl be held (aDieu the contnry be ~I to be su&iciett nidtac:e.
as aj(ainst the person WOOK name sball be subscribed to SbCh declantioo. or
printed on such newspaper, AI the cast Ina)' be, that the said penon was pt'inter
or puhlisher. or printer and publisber (according IS tbe words oItbe said declara-
tion may be) of e\'e!'}" portion of tl'err newsparer whereof the title shall c0rres-
pond with the title of the neW$plper mentioned in the declaration or the editor
of eft!'}' portion of that iUlIe of the newspaper 01 which. copy is PI' 1 d.

Nnrdcda.... I. Prcrrided always that .lny penon who may hal'e subscribed by sucb
tina b)' per- declaration as is aforesaid, imd who may subsequently casc to be tile printer or
I0I1l who
ha.~ siped
Pllbli~her of the
new.parer mentioned in such decbrilition, may awear before the
...bntk- Ma~i$tratr. and
make and Illbscribt in duplicate the following dedaration :-
and Illble II I, A, 8., dtclare that I have cuaed to be the printer [or publisher. or
q\lt'nU~'
MOd t,) be printer and publisher) of the ne\\'sp"PCr entilkd-."
printtn or
put-lilhcn.
Allthtntl~.. Eaeh orilioal of the bUer declalOltion shall be authenticated by the sianlture
tI"" aCld aDd lItal of the Mlj;!istrate hefore whom the laid J.lUer declarntion shall han: been
lilla. made, and one original of the :;aid latter dec!;ualion .hall be 61ed alone with each
ori~in"t1 of the former dcclar3tion,
The officer in ch:l~e (Ii each ttril!,inal or the l;atler uec:aration shall allowanv
person aprl}'ini,tto inspeclthat original on Pll)"mrnt of a fee of one rupee. and shail
give to allY person :lpplrinJ!:l COJlJ (f tile said laU.;:r declaration attested b). the
seal of the ~ourt having custody of the oriKinal, on pa}'tl\ent of a f~ of two n:pees.
Puttiac copy In all trials in wbkh a copr.atl('SI~,1 as i.af("lr~ '..did, of the lormer deda"ralion
ill e\i!k.k:c. shall have l>een put in e,iden::r. it 111.111 bl- 1,IW(lIl to put in e,idence 10I cop)".
attestell as is aforeS3id, of the lalkr ,Ic:dau!ion, ~nd the former declaratiC'n shall
not l)(' taken to be e,idence that the dlarant W:I', :It OlDy Period substq\tCnt. to
the date of the L1tter dL'Claralion, rrinler or pabli.her of tbe newspaper therein
mentioned.

Pc"'..... IA. If, an}' (lCT'$OD, whose nante hOI! appeared.I' editor on a co~ of news
wboN: n;uDt p.lper, elasD's th;lt hl:W.\$ not the tdltor o( Ibe 11.~lIt on which his name h"s so
b.,lf b..~n
ilK >tf1:dl)'
appe;Jocd, he JI\iI)-, within two wteks of his becoming ...-are tbat lUI n~e hIS
pA'JWw4 bttn so published. appear bdo~ tbe District l1~ailtratt olnd make a declaration
1I6 edit,,," that his llame ,\.a.' iocoll"ti:ll} publitMd in that iUDe as that 0{ the editor lhered.
1IU, ..lIlc a and if the Matistrale artt'r ~kil !I:.:h inqllil'}' or cauin .uch inquiry to be
drtbf:\li.1OI ma.1c as he moly ~on,.i(l.:r neCl'lillal') h salisfied Ihat loch declaration is true. I~
t-d\Jhl:to
)I"Ptutc. shall ctrlify :M:COfoiDgly, and on tholt cn1i6cate brill!: cWen tb, proorision5 ot
stelWP. 7 ~II uot aPl'l} to tlP.I pema jq f~t oI.t1I~t ioue of the DenpapeC
 The M:1Kistrate may extend Ute period ...llowed by this section in any case
where he is satisfied that such per~n \\'3$ prevented by sufficiellt a.lISC from
appearing and makinR the declaration withlnlhat period.

PAR'I; 111.

D(JvIU~Y OF BoOKS.

9. Printed or lithographed copies of the whole of every book which shall be Copies of
printed or lithographed in the Union of Burma after this Act shall come into books print.
force, toa;ethcr with all maps, prints or other engravinitS belonRin~ thereto, ed a!ln com.
mencement
finished and coloured in the same manner as the best copies of the same, shall of Act to be
notwithstanding allY a~reement (if the hook he published) between the printe: deijvcred
and publisher thereof, be delivered by the printer at such rlace and to such Intis to
officer 3.S the President of the Union shall. by notification in the Gazette. from Go\-ernmellt,
time to time direct, and free of expense to the Gc.vernment. 3.S follows, that is
to say:-
(.) in any case. within one calen<.I3.r month after the day on whteh any
such book shall first be delivered out of the press. one such copy,
and,
(b) withln six calendar months from such date, (if the book be not
proscribed by Government) (five] t other stich copies,
the copies 10 delivered bein2 bound, sewed or stitched tos:ether 3.nd IIpon the
best paper en which any copies of the book shan be printed or Iithographetl.
The publisher or otber person employing the printer shall. at a reasonable
time ~fore the expiration of the said month, ~l:Ipply him with all maps, prinls
and en~ravjng. finished and coloured as aforesaid, which nL1)' be nel>Cssary to
enable him to comply with the requirements :tforesaid.
Nothing in the former part of this section shaH apply to-
~i) any second orsubsequenl edition of a book in which edition no addition!
or alterations either ill tbe JeUtr.prcss or in the maps, book prints or
olher !tn~ra\'in~s btlona;inl: to the book have been made, and a copy
of the first or some precedin~ edition of which book has been
delivered under this Act. or
(ii) 3.oy ne\'\'spaper publisl1ed in collformity with the. rules laid down in
section 5 of this Act.

I,. The offic.:r to whom a copy of a b'1Ok is delivered under the last forq:oing Receipt for
section shan Itive to the printer a receipt in ....'riling therefor. copie1 *Ii.
,-em! under
~ion 9.
I II. Of Ihe copies deliTCred pursu:lnt to section 9, one copy each shall be Di~1 01
tr:tnsmitted to [the Chamber of Deputies Ubrarv, the Chamber of Nationalities C'Oflie" deli
Libr-oIryJ I the Ranll:oon University Libr.l.ry,3.nd hhe NalioR:l1 Library] I :lnd the \ert.d "Dder
remainder shall be disposed of u the President of the Union Shill fromtime to section 9.
time detennine.

I S\lbllituted try Act XII, 1950.

Subltiluted bJ Act XXXI, 1932.
SlIblllil"led bJ Act XXV, 1933.
 214
itA. The printer of ever,. newsp:tper ill the Union 01 Burm:l Sh2\1 delh'tt
21 such ph~e and to stich nOker as the President of the Union lila}', by ~ilfl;a.
lioll in the Gazette, direct, all(' free of txpenl>e to the Government, two copIes of
e.lch issue of !lueh newsp.wer as soon as it is published.

PART IV.

PeHall~' for 12. Whoever shall print or publish :my hook or p.\per otherwise than in
I'rinlill' 4;Oufomlity with the rule conlained ill Sl.:ction 3 of Uli~ Act shall, on conviclioo
l'O'lhary Id before 2 Uliti!l.lrate, be puni!'hed by fine not exceedintt t\\'o thOtlS21ld nlpees, or
nak hl
1tl1Xll1 l. b)' simple imprillOnmcnt for:t term not e'Sttedinit ::.i'S months, or by both.

PetPlty lot
IIftrinf
I'.Whoever shall keep in hi. possession any .uch p:ell as afornlid, without
nukinl: meh a declaration:lS i. required hy section 4 of this Act, shall, 011 convic-
!,ftU with.
oul maklD, tion before a Maiistr.lte. be Plll1ished byline 1I0t exc,..ediIl2 two thousand rnpa.'l>t
ded3fallon or by simple imprisollment for:l term not exceedinJl six months, or by both.
r~ired by
IO.:UOII 4.
P\lni.lllnent ... Any person who shall. in makinll any dec:hratioll ullclu the aulhOl;ly
f"" nlakilll of this Act. make a stat~ment which is i:tl<;e. and which he either knows or belien'S
bhelbte.
_I. to he bl.. or (~ not helieve to be trur, shall. on con\'ictioll before a M:l~i~tr.atet
be plllliflhed hy linc not e:lccedinJt two thoo"1nd rupeu, and imprisoment for "
term not exceedin~ six montb.,

Ptn'oIty for '5. Whoe\'er _hall edit, print or publish any newspaper without conforming
prialin,or to the mles hereil\befor~ l:lid down. or whoever shall edit, print or puhlish. or
pllblilhinC
pcriod....;ah ah::tll ClU!le 10 he edited. printed or published, a.n~ newspaper, knowi"" that the
wilbobt said rull:$ have not hem observed wilh n:sprcl to tb."It newsp.aper. shall, on
conforaiq conviction before a ll~stratc. be punished with line not ueetdin~ two thous:tnd
10 ruks. rupeet, or imprisonment for a term not uceedinJt till: months, or both.

Pellalh"lr>t 16. If :my printer of any ~1I!.:h hook as i. referred to in ~ection 9 of this Act
aot delh"u. th:all nelllec:t to deli.er copiet of Ihe ~..me pursu:!nt to that section. he shall for
llll boclb nerY such dd:lUlt fNieit to till: Gm~rnm('nt such sum not ex:Cttdin~ fifty rope
""
'OPrI);nc as a Alatislr:tte hlving jllrlll<lktion in the plaee where the book was printed m... y.
prhler on the applicati(ln of the oEccr to "\'1\011II lhe cories $;hnuld haTe bern delivered
wlthma,.. or of any person autborited h)' th.,t officer in thi<1. behalf, determinf'; to he in the
circ'lmstan~ a re:uonable pellalt~ for the clebult, and. in addition 10 such Sllnl,
.uch further sum as the M:lgittr:tte may determi~ to be the "alue of the copies
which the printer ought to ha\'e ddinred.
If an)' publisher or other penon tmployinC any such printer sh;\11
neak'd to supply hi'lI, in the manner prtK:ribed in the second p;lr:tJ!.n.ph 01
Il:'dtoa 9 of this Act. with the m2p1, prints or ~ua\'istlSwhich may he nec:e~c.uy
to el\a~ him to comrJy with the proTisions 0( th.... t section, ...ch publisher cr other
person sh211 for ever)' surh <1cf:lUlt forfeit to the Government such sum Ilot
eX('ff(lin~ 6ft)' rnptes as Slllh a M:tgislr:lh: as afores:tid mar. on such an applica
tion ;l.S afor~s:lid. determine to be in the cirCumstances a re:tsonahle penally for
the default. and, in 2ddition to sDch sum. such further sum as the lL"I~5trate may
determine to be the '\'alue of the map!, prinb or enR.ravinp which such puhli5ber
or other person OIlJ(ht to have mpplied.
 Prtsl IRegislraUmd. ~lS

J6A. If any printer of auy newspaprr publi,,!le(\ in the Union of Burma PCllaItJ'for
neetll to deliver copies of the same in compliance with liC\:lioll I1A, he shall, failure to
on the complaint of tbe offictr to wbom copies should han been delivered or of lapr1ycopia
any person authorized by that officer in H.is behalf, be punishahlt, on conviction of IIftIIt-
hy ;a A~istrate havin2; jurisdiction in the p);ace where the newspaper \\'as printed ~:to
with fine which may estend to filly rupees for every default. G<wnlIalent.
11. Any sum forfeited to the Goftrnment under seetion 16m3Y be recoveretl, R-oo.'f:lJn{
under the warrant of the Magistrate determining the SUm, or of his IUccessor in fotfeitum
06:e, in the manner authorized by the Code of Criminal Procedure, and within aaIIl d~
the period prescribed by the Penal Code, for the levy of a fine. ~n::.aad
All fines or forfeitufl.'$ under this Part of this Act shall, wben recovered, be
disposed of aI the President of tbe Union sllall from time to time dire<:t.

PART V.

R!GISTJtATION 0 .."':Boou.

la. There sh;all he kept at snch oRice. and by such oRicu;\I the President Regi$tntioa
of tbe UBion shall appoint in this beluU, a book to be c.ll1~d a CatatoWle o( of me:too-
Booh: prinled in the Union oi Burm", wherein shall be reRisleree! a memorandum "...'"
boot
of every book which sball have been delivered pursuant to c1aU$e (a) of the first
paragraph of section 9 of Ihis Act. Such memorandum shall (!l0 fat as may be
practiclble) contain the following particulars (tlmt is to SilY) :-

(1) the title of tbe book and the contents of the tille.pa~e I
(2) the lanilll1ge in which the book is written ;
(3) tbe name of the author, translalor or editor of the book or any Po"\rt
thereof;
141 tbe sabject;
(5) the place of printing and the place of publication;
(6) the name or firm of the printer and the name or lirm of the publisher i
(7) tbe date of issue from the press or of the publicntion ;
(8) the number of sheets, leaves or pa).tes i
(9) the size j
(10) the first, stcond or other number of the eclition ;
(11) lhe number of copies of which the edition consist. i
(12) \vhether the book is printed or lithoL!taph-=d i
(13) the price at which the book is sold to the public; and
(14) the name and residence of the proprietor of the copyrillht or of any
portion of such copyright.
Such memorandum shall be made and regiltered in the cale of each book as
soon as practicable after the deli't'ery 01 the copy thereof pursuant to clause (a) of
the irst paraaraph of section 9.
19. The memoranda r~istered during eacb ql1arler in the said Cat:llOllle Publtu.tiQII
shall be published in the Gv.ette as soon as may be after the end of stich quarter ofmtmG-
nnda
::: I ulbterri

, DtIded by the Ullton of bu.f'lII' (Adapb.1ion 0( w!") Orckr, 194

 216
PART VI.

_.
\lISClLUNF.c,lUL

.....
POWtf to 21. The Presic\(mt of the Uni"n shall b<l.Ye power t.o make such nlles as
may be necesuf)' or desirable for carr}'ing out the objects of tbis Act
l

PubUc:al.ioa. AUluch rules shall be pablisbed in the (jazdte.

....., .
,.,. .
ndllde Ill'
books IroIlI
21. The President of the Union may by nolilication exclude' any class of
boob or papers from the operation of th~ whole or any Part or Pouts of tbis Act.

=:.tioa 01
THE PRESS (EMERGENCY roWERS) ACf.

SediOftl.
1.
2. Dclinition~.
COMTJ.'OJ. OF PkIUtMGPIO:ESUS AMD NJiWSPAPlJtS,
3. Depm;i1 of ~urit)" by keepers of prinling.preues.
4. Powrr to decl<l.re sc<:urity or press forfeited in cniain e:t9CS.
S. Del\Osit of further !;(Cnrity.
6. Power to ded:lfe further security and puhli<::ltionll: forfeited.
7. De~it of se~nrity by pnblis!lcr of newspaper.
8. Power to decl:u-e ,;ccuritv fnrfeitr-d in certain cases.
9. ~it of farther secunt}.
10. Power to declare fnrth securitJ :md DC:\\'SjXlPtts (orfeited.
11. Pen.'\ll) fOi keepinR Pl'e$~ or publkhinJt new,;paper withcm: In:d';n~
deposit.
12. COD$().luences fJ( bilmc to deposit security as reqnired.
13. Rrlum of deposited sccurit} ill certain Cl5n.
14. ISSl:l~ of ~rch\\';lIlT:lnt.
UIUllTIIO)(IDU NlwssHun .'No NI\\'VAns:s.
15. Aulhoris.'\tion o( po,.-uons to pnbli$h newsshedll.
'16. Power to teize and dntro)' unluthoristd news-sheets and newlIpnpen.
17. Power to seize :!ond forfeit ull<ledOlt:'td Pfes~e$ producin~ un:\Ulhorill:Cd
Mwsshf'ets and nelnpaper!l.
18. ~I.,jly for dis~1l1inOitill~ un:mthoriled M\\'S-5heris :'llld MW!lp.1peR.
SPEaAL I"RO"ISIONS Sl2I.ATI!(Q TO SEIZCR2 OF CERTAIN DocOM1!:N1'S.

N. Power to declU't cerl1in publi<::ltions forfeited :lond to issue ftC:u-ch

wr.rranls for s-'\mc.
20. Power to detain paCL1:.!es containing crrbin pnblic:atiClnll when impOrted
into the lInion of Bunn.1.
I St\.:b nlla, . . B,,, G/e:tftr. IYU, Part I. p. 951.
, a lift oi aa.pltoai, ICC s.,.,,,. G~t4ltr.19lll. ~rt 1, P. 1039.
 217
StcliDIlS.
21. Prohib;ti:m of tr.lInmis~; ..1n by po.it of ccrtlin dOCOlnellt~
22. POIVO:( to detlill arlides being lransmitlccl hy post.
POWERS OF HIGII COURT.

23. Applic.'\tion to Hil:,h Court to set aside order or forfeiture.

24. He.1.rin~ hl' Special Uendl.
25. Order of Special Bench selling ,,"side forfeiture.
26. Evidence to prove nlture or tendency of newspapers.
27. Procedure in f-fi~h Courl.
28. Service of notices-
29. Conduct of scarches.
30. Jurisdiction barred.
31. Oper<ltion of olher laws no: bured.
32. Dissemination of contents of .,roscribtd document.

111 PRESS (EMERGENCY POWERS) ACT.

(lNDIA. ACT XXIII. 1931.]1 (9th October, J931.1

J. ~ +

2. In this Act, unless there is anylhin~ repugnant in the subject or coutext,- DefiDiliOllI.
(l) .' book" ino.:ludes every volume, part or division of a volumc, pamphlet
alJ(lleallct, ill any languaJ,lc, and every sheet of music, map, chart
or plan $epar:ttel)' printed or lithogr,lphcll ;
(2) II document" includes :\150 any painting, drawiug or pbot~raph or
('Ither visible representation;
131 ~
(41 " Ma;!istrate" means a Di$trict MagistT':lte ;
(5/ I, r.Cwsi)''lper''
me1ns any pel;'X\ic tl work cont;lini,,~ public news or
comments on puhlic news i
(61 U news sheet " me:w. an)' document other than a newspaper containinR:
puhlic. news 01' comment~ on public new~ or any matter described in
sullseclion (I) of section 4 ;
(7J I ' pres}!" indndes a printinjt.press and all machines, implements and
plant and puts thereof and all materials used for multiply ilia; doe:o
ments j
(8, .. printin}(.press It includ:s all engines, machinery, types, IithQRraphic
stone.", implements. utensils and other rlant or materials used for the
purpose of priutinR ;
(9) .1 unauthorised n~wsp.,per" means-
(a) any ncwsplpcr in respect of which there are not for the time being
v.llid declantiom under section 5 of the Press (Rq:istratiorV Act,
<lnd
(b) any lI:w~paper in reipe.::l of which seCuril)' has been required
unrler Ihis Act, b:11 has not b:en fUnJished a,l'equired ;
(IOJ .. 1I.1l'I.!10:ise.l ncw.i.S!lccl" mC.IIB any nc\\',~hect other than a
newssheet published by a person aothori~d under section JS to
. publil'h it : and
(11) un .leclared press" means any press nther than a press in respect of
which the..c is for the time beini: a v:t1id declaration under stion 4
a( the Press (Rea;istraHonJ Act.
 218
CONTROL 0 .. P.UNTING hESSES ANp NEWSPAPER$.

DfflO,i1 of J. (I) An)' persoll keeping :l prillting-pre~9 who is required tn make a

.e~uril)'b)'
teePtIl' of
declar.\ticn under section .. 01 the I'n's~ (Regislr:ltionl Act molY he rtquil'cd by
printiQ(- the Magistr:lte before whom the declaration is m:l(\c, for reasons to he recorded
ill \Vriti:l~, 10 deposit with the Ma~islrate within ten days from the day on which
"""". the declaration is made security to such au amollnt, 1I0t being mC'I'e than one
thousand rupees, as the Ah~istr:lte mlY in colch c.lse think fit to require, in
mont}' or the Clluivalent thertol in securities of the Govtmmcnt of the Union of
Burma or the Gov~mmcnt of India or Pa.kisbn :IS the person making the deposit
Ina}' choose 0

Provided tlmt if a deposit has been required under sub-~ction (j) from any
previous keeper of the prinlinlprcss, the seenrit}' which may be required under
Ihis sub-section mOlY amount to three lhousand rupes..'I.
(1) Where security reqaired under sull-section (I) has been depm:ited in
respect of any J1rintin~-pr~~, :lnd for a period of three mouths from the d:lte of
the ded.n':ltion mentioned in subsec:.on (l) no order is made by the President
of the Ullion under: section " in respect of such press, the l;CCurily shall, on
application by the keeper of the pres~, be refunded,
(3) Whene\'er it appears to the President of the Union that any printinj!-
pres!! kept in any place ill the Union of Burlna, in rtspeet of which security under
the provisions of this Act h:tlnol b~en required, or having !Jeen requirtd has been
refundl'd under sub-section 12), is llsed lor the purpos~ of printio),! or publishing
any newspapu. book or olhd' document conb.ininl! an}' word!!, si~ns or visible
repretenlalions of Ihe nature described in sedioll 4, ~ub-scction (1), the President
of lhe Union may, by ,Iotice in writin),! to lhe k..cper of the press staling or
de~cribinl such words, si5:ns or visible reprncn1ations, onier the keeper to
deposit with the ~ia),!istrolte within whose jurisdiction lhe pren issitU:ltedsecurit}"
to such an ;Imoonl, 1\01. beina hiS than li\'e hundred or more than three thousand
rUJlf:~ as the I'~id~nt of the Union m:lY think iii to ra'(uire, in mnney or the
a'(uivalent thereof in securities 0( tbe GOvCfnment o( the Union of Burma or the
Govcnlment of India or l'aki'ltan as the person making the deposit mOl} choose.
(4) S,lch notice shall appOint a d:lte, not hein),! sooner lh:ln tbe tenth day
after the <Llte of the issue of the notice, on or before which the deposit shall be
made.
)'ower to .., (l) Whenever it apptars In the Prrsident of the Union th:l! aay printing-
dl:are

.".
preu in respect of \Vhi.::!. any KCllrity has be~n ord~ed 10 be deposited under
ac.:urityor section 3 is u,;cd for Ihe purpose of prjn\in~ or publishing any newspaper, book
Jorfeited in or olher dxumenl containing an}' wonl", siJ,(ns or ",i,ihle representations which-
cetbincaxs.
(,I) incite t~ ~r enCOnracc, 0; tend to incite to or to encourage, the
cnmmlSSlon of :lny offence of murder or any cognw.ble offence
in't'olving violence, or
{bl ditcctl} or indiredly C'xpress approval or admif:ltion of any such
oIfencl', or 01 an)' p(rson, real or lidilio~ who Ins committed or is
;;lIeged or ~pr"ented 10 h3V~ committed an}' SllCh often~,
or which leud. direcllr or indirecllr,-
fc) 10 seduce any officer, soldier, sailor or airm.ln in the militar}', naval
I or~ir f~cC' or allY policC'-oflkC'rfrom his "ll~iance or his duty, or
(,II 10 hrlr,~ mto Ilatr~d or contempt the Governmcnl estahlished by L1win
the Union of Burma or Ihe administr:ttion cf justice in the Uninn of
Bllrm:l or all)' clan or sC'ction of persons resident in the Union of
Burma or 10 excite dis.1ffectioll towards the s.1id Government, or
I Subltilu\td bythc VniOG of 8\1111U (AdJpbtioll 01 Law.l Order, 1941.
 219
(e) to put anr persOli in fear 01" to cause annoY,Lllcc to him and thel'elJy
illduce him to ddivcr to any person any property or valuable
securily or to do allY act which he is not leg.,Uy bound to do,
or to omit to do any act whUt he is l~gal1y entitled to do, or
Cfl to encourage or incite any pel'SOIl 10 interfere with the administra-
tion of the law or with the maintenance of law and oreler, or to
commit any offence. or to refuse or defer payment of nny land-
revenue, tax, mit', cess or other due 01' amC'lunt payable to
Government 01' to any local authoritYI or any rent of llj,(dcullural
land or anythill~ recoverable as arrears of or aloni! with such
rent. or
(i) to induce It public servant or a servant of a loenl alltherity to do
any act or to forhear or delay to do ..my ael connected with the
exercise of his public functions or to resign his office, or
(11) to promote feelings of enmity or hatred between differfllt classes of
(persons resident in the Union of Burma]" or
(ji to prejudice the recruiting of perRons to serve in any of the Burma
forces, 01' in an}' police (orce, or to prejudice the tt":'lillini, discipline
or administration of any such force,
J lj)
the President of the Union may, by notice in writinl'!: 10 lhe keeper of such
printing-press" statin~ or describing the words, si.ll:ns or visible representations
which in his opinion al'e of the nature described aboYe,~
(j) where security has heen deposited. declare such security I or any perlion
thereof, to be forfeited to (the Stale]', or
(ii) where security has not been depollited, deClare the pl:ess to be forfeited
to [the State],'
and may also declare aU copies of such newspaper, book or other document
wherever foulld in the Union of Burma to be forfeited to [the Stater.
Ezllanaliol/l.-No expression of approval 01" admiration made in a h:storical
or literary work shall be deemed to be of the nature descrihed in this sub-section
unless it has the tendency described in clause (a).
E:rtlalltrlioI12.-Comments expressing dis:t.pprobatiol1 of the measnres of the
Government 0.' Administration with a view to obtain their alteration by lawful
means without exciting or attempting to excite hatred, contempt or disaffection
shall not he deemed to be of the nature described in clause ~,l) * to .:.' of
this sub-section.
u#ll"a#dn 3.-Comment~ expres"ing disapprobation of the administrati~e
or other action of the Government or Ac1ministT~licn without e]l'cilin~ or attempt-
in~ to excite hatred, contempt or disaffection shall not be deemed to be of Ihe
nature described in clause (,f) ~, 0;: =) 1 of this sub-section.
Exl1l1#rotioIJ 4,-Words pointinJt out, withoiJt malidotls intcnlion and with
an honest \iew to their removal, matters which arc producing or h:\\'e a tendency
to produce fcelinl!s of enmity 01' hatred betweC'1l different classes of [persons
resident in the Union of Burnm11 sh~l1 not be deemed to be words of the nature
described in clause (jo) of this subsection.
.3
(2) After the expiry of ten days from the date of the i""ue of a noti~ under
sub-section 11) declaring a security, or any porlion then'of, to he forfeited, the
declaralion made h~ r~spect of such press under section 4 of the Press
(Registmtion) Act shall be deemed to be annulled.
I Suhflltul~d by t,",e Union of Burm, (Adaptation of Law_) Order, 1941.
Delded Ibid,
'EJlplanatic.n 5 was deleted iiid.
 220 Press (E,nel'l!tNtY J'otum).

Dt~t 01 I. (1) Where the secnrity Jfiven in respe<:l of any press, or any portiOf\
further thereof, h;ts been deemed fOl'feilelllmder sedion " or st'Ctio~ 6, every ptr~on
Hl'l,rlly. malcin2 a fresh declaration in resped of such pres!> llnder secholl 4 of the Press
(R~i'Lratioll) Act shall deposit with the Ma~islrate before whom such declaration
is made securit)' to such an alll(1Unt, 1I0t hcillg less than one thousmld 01' more
than len Ihonsand rupces,as the Mal!:i~trate IIlAy think litlo require, in money 01'
the elluivalellt tllt~reof in secnritics of the Government of the UUiOll of Bunna 01'
the Government of Indio" or Pakismn a. the person makin~ tlle deposit may
choo!IC, .
(2) Where a portion only of the security Riven in respect of snch press hal
been decb.rcd forfeited tinder seelion 4 or SC'Clion 6, any ll11forfeiteo balance still
in deposit Sblll he taken as pari of the amount of security required un~er sub-
section (1).
Powtr to 6. f1) lE, after <;ecllrity h~lI been deposited under section 5, the priuting-
declJU'e pr~ is :lsain used fQl' the purpose of printing or publishing any lle\\'Sp:lper, book
furttler or other document contaillinlt an)' words, signs or visible represeillations whicll, in
:seeurily aDd the opinion of the President of the Union, are of the nature described in section 4,
publicallOllI
forfeited, sub.section W, the President of the Vnion mar, b)' notice in writil1~ to the keeper
of such printing'~1 stating or dc:ocribinll such words, signs or visible represellta-
tiona, declare-
r.l the farther MCurity ~l) deposite,., or any portinn thereof, and
(b) all copiel of llllch neWsp:lpcr, book or other docoll1ent wherever foand
in the Union of 8urm:t,
to be forfeited to [the St'\tc] I.
(2) After tbe expiry of tell days froll1 the iUlle of a nntice und(~r sul:-sedion
(I), the decl;\ntin:1 m Ide in respect of such Pl'fl!l uncler setlion 4 of the Prus
fReIlistrlltionl Act shall be dttmed to he: :lllllUllcd.
Depolit of 7. (I) Any puNisher of :l newspaper who is required to make a declaration
security by under section S of the Pres. fRegistration) Act lI1:lY be required by the }.IaJlistrnte
publi.her of before whom tbe drclaralioll ill made, for rea$CIllll to be rti:orded in writins, 10
MW.p:lptr,
depo:>it with the Mll1~isll':lte \\ithin ten darll from tile day on which the declaration
is made securily to such lin amount, 1I0t being more than one tbou!land rupees, as
the M:utistrate m:lY in each coUe think 6t to require, in m?ne)' or tht e'luivalcnt
thereof in securities of the GJ\I.'l'llmcnt of the Uoion of B'lrma or the Government
of India or IJ;lkistan as lhc penon m lkillC the deposit may choose :
Prcmded th..lt if a. deposit hall heen rrqtsired under suh-!lCetion (3) from any
pr:vious publisher of the ncwspaper,the sc~urity which may be required under
this sub-section m1y amount ~o three Ibou!L3nd rupees,
(1) Where lecurity requir~d under sul:Hection (J) has been depOSited in
respect of any new,,;paper, and for;'l period of three months from the date of the
dedaration mentioned in sub-se.:tion II) no order ill made by the President of the
Ulllon nnder ~tion 8 in respect of such nCW3p;lper, Ihe security shall, on
application by the publilher of the newslQper,he refunded,
(3) WheneveT' it :lppears to the Pre!\ident of the Union that a newspaper
published in Ihe Union of Bnrmll., in r~pe<:t of which s~llrity under the
provisions of this Act ha~ not been required. or h:\ving heen required has been
refunded under sub-section IZl, contains .10Y w(lrds, siens at visible rcprescnt.1.-
lions of the natul't~ d('!lCribcd in ~eclion 4, sllh~ti(ln (I), the President of tbe
Union "'ay, by notice in writinJ!_ to the publisher of such newspaper, slatinS or
describinJ! such words, signs or \'isible represcntatinns, ~nire the publisher to
~eposit with the lhgistrate within whose jurisdidon tbe ne\tsp:lper is published

, Sob&t1tukiS by the t'1liocl of Burma IAdiptaUOlI of LaWl) Order, 1941,

seturity to such an ..mount, not bein:.t less than live hunder" 01' more than \obree
thousllld ru~es, as the Presidellt of thf! Union may think fil to require, in money
or the equil'at~nt th~reo( in securities of thc Government of the Union of Burma
or the Government 01 India or Paki!\lan a!\ lhe pcrs?11 m:l~inA the deposit may
chOC'se.
(4) Such notice shall appoint a date. not beill~ sooner than the tenth day
aller the dale of the is!\ue of the nol.ice. on or before which the depo$it ~hall be
made.

8. (J) If any newspaper in respect of which any seeUl;l)' has been l'l\'c\crerl to ('ower to
be deposited uneler section 7 contains any \l"ords, siJ{ns or visible representa. detilire
tions which. in the C'tpinion of the Prcsidt'nt of the llniGll, ;Ire of tbe nature It:(;llr,ity
described in section 4, suh-section W, the President of the t'nion may, by notice ~J~ttd
D
in
in writinJ{ to the publisher of sl1ch newspaper, statin" or describill~ sl1ch word~ caIU.
siJtns or visihle representation~.-
(o) where the securily has been deposited, declare such security, or any
portion thereof. to be forfeited to [the Sl<lle]', or
(b) where the security has not been deposited, annul the declaration made
by the publisher of such newspaper IInc'er seclioll 5 of the Pres"
(He~istration) Act,
and may abo declnre all CI'Ipies of such newspa.per wherever found in the Union
of Burma 10 be forfeited to (the Slale] I.
(21 Aft..:r the expiry of ten days from the date o( the ihue of a lIotice under
sub-section (I) deClaring a !lecurity, or ;lny portion thereof, to be forfeHe(l, the
declaration made by the pulliisher of SUl.:h Il(.. wspaper under section 5 of the Press
(Re.:istration) hct sh:1I1 he deemed to be annnllt'd.

9, W Where the security liven in respect of any newspaper, or any Depotil of

portion thereof. is declared forfeited under !lection 8 or section 10. any person {lIrther
m:alring a fresh declaration IInde., section 5 of the Press (Registration) Act as surily,
publisher of such newspaper, or any other ncwsp,lper which is the same in
subst.lnce as the Solid nelVsp.lper, Shll1 dt.posit with the ),hj!is\rate before whom
the declaration is made security to such an amount. not being le!\s than one
thou!l:md or marll than ten thousand rnpees, as the Jl,[a"istrate nl1y think fit 10
require. in mOney or tile equivalent UH'::'t:of in stturities of the Government of
the Union of Burma or the GovernmelLt of Indil 01" Pakistan :IS the person
rnakinl! the deposit ntay l'hoost".
tZ) Where a portion only of the security I!iven in respect of slich newspaper
has been declared forfeited uoder section 8 or section 10, any unfodcited halance
still in ueposit Sh,l1t ~ takell as Pilrt of the amount of security required under
sub-section W.

10, (J) If, after security hll been deposited under 5e,,;tion 9. the newspaper Power to
a~ain contains any words. siJ,!ns or visible representation!! which, in the opinion of declare
the President o( the Union. arc of the n;.tnre described ill section 4, sub-.!oeetion further
(I), the Presideht of the Vnion m.lr. by 110til,;e in writin" to Ihe publish~r of such setHity and
newspilpers
ne\\'~paper, shlin/:! or d~<;cribillJ.! Sl1ch wonls, si~ns or vhible representation~. forfeited,
dedOlle-
101 thc further security so deposiled. or any portion thereof, and , .
(b) all copies cf ~Dch nell"spaper wher'C:vcr found in thc Union of Burma.
to be forfeited 10 [the Sl;'ltd'.
(Z' Aft..:r the expirv of len da}'s frnm the elate of the issue of a notice unl1er
sub-section (I), the dec!:lr .Iion made hv the T'l1hhslll:r o~~"IIl':h nel,'spaper under
, S;tl!sljtuled by the L"nion 01 AlIfilla f,4.<:aptaHop 01 Laws) Order, l'H8,
 m
sedioa 5 of the Press (Registration) Act shall be deemed to be annuUed and Db
further declaration in reaped of luch neWlpaper shall be made S:lve with the per
miSlion of the President of the UniolL
Penalty for 11. W Whoevr keeps ill his possession a presl which is used for the print-
keeplnc ing of books or p:J.pers without nuking a deposit under section 3 or seetkn 5, U
pm."
publ.ishinc
required by the President of the Union or the U;1!ili$lrale. as tbe C:lSe lDt-.y be,
Sho1l1 onccll\'il:tioll by i1 Ua<:istr.\te bI: liable to the J)fnllt)' to whkb he would be
:m="
-..
d<poolL
1i.'\b1e if he had hUed to make the dec1an.tioll prescribed b)' section 4 of the Press
(Reaistrationl Acl
(ZI Whoever publisheaally newsPQper wiUKlllt making a deposit uoder ICCtioD
7 or section 9. as required by the President of the Union or tbe Macislr...te, at:
the case lnly be, or publishes such newspaper koowinc that such security bas DOt
been deposited, shall on conviction by a 11~islr"'le be 1i,1ble 10 the penalty 10
which I\!: would be liable if he had failed to nuke the declaration prescribed by
section 5 of the Press (ReJ{istrntion) AcL
eo,... 12. (I) Where a deposit is required from the keeper of a prinlin~-pre..
quell(el of under section 3. such prt'1S shall not be used for the printin~ or publi~hillj.l of any
f.i1u~ to newsp;lper. hook or other tlOClllllent aftt'r the expir)' of the time allowed to make
Mpolit
lle\;Urity at the dewsit \llltil the dcposit has been made, and where a deposit is r~quired from
required. the keeper of a printill~'pres. under section S, such press sball 1I0t be so used
until the deposit h;15 bt.'ell n'l.1de.
(ZI Whl:1"e an)' printing-press is tlsed in contrnvention of sub-steUon (1), the
PtWdent of the Union m:l)'l by notice in writing to the keeper tbereof, declare
the pren to be forfeited to "the Slate] I,
(3) Whtre a deposit is required from the publisher of a newspaper under
section 1 and the depit is not m.-.de within the time allowed, the decLvation
m:adt: by the publisher under ~ion S of the Press (Registration) Act shall be
deemed to be annulled.

_.
Retum of U. Where an)' person has deposited an)' seenrit)' under ihis Act and ceases
dc-pOOltd to keep the press in n:spect of which l'Udl :;:urily .....as deposited. Of, being a
",'Urity ill publisller, mak a dcd:u-ation Miler st'Clion 8 of the Press (}{elo!i.itrnlion) Act. he
"wan nla)' 3pplyto the MaJ!.istrate within whose jurisdiction ~uch pre" is situate for the
return of the said security; alld thereupon such security shall. upon proof to tbe
satisfactioll of the Mal:istrate and subject to the provisions bereinbtfore contained,
be returned to such person.
.-.eof f. Where any printill~'~ss' is. or ;lIIy .::opies or any ncwspaper, book or
Kanb other document are. declared forEeitC'd to lthe Slall-}' ullder section 4. section 6.
WbTant. lleclion 8,l~tion 10 or $t'CtiOR 12. the President of the Union may direct a
llil~istrate 10 iSltte a warr;mt empowering any oolicc-ollker. not below lhe rank
of suhimpedor, to seiu' ~lld debin any property ordered to be forfeited and to
enter upon and k.m:h for ~b prorcrtr in any premists-
(jJ where any such proper!,. may be Of auy be re:uonably sll$pected to
bt.or
(ij) where OlDy copy of such newsp:tper, book or other docwnent isL.-ept for
sale. distribution. publication or pubJil: exhibition or is rcuonably
suspect~ to Le so kept.

Uli.l.urllOMlIlO N&W5o$MEU'S AltO NEWSPAPERS.

AuUloriP IS. (II The Ma~i'trale m:lY. by order in \\'ritinl:: anti subject to such concU-
... '" to
per-,
tions :IS he may thi!lk r.1 tG il\II'Ql\~, authorise flU)' person b)' name to publish a
ncu,.sbeet, or to rnblish news-sheet:; from time to time.
publish
acw : :
I S.bltilulcd b)' the tniOQ of Bumu (Ad"ptaUon of Laws) Order, 1948.
 22.l
(J) A COP1 of aD order under sub-section (I) sball be (CUllilbed to tbe
thereby authorised. Ptf'lOft
(3) .The llaIistrate may at any time revoke an order made by him under
subclion (1).

16. J.lJ Any policc.-officer, or any other person empowered in this behalf by Pawn to
the PresldeDt of the Unton, may seize any unaulhorhed uewl-sheet or urt:lulhorised Id&e alld
Dcws.P3J:er, wherever found. de-tro!.~
(Z) AllY District M;'lgilitrate,Subdivisional Magistrale or Magistrate of the fim aulhm led
cb.u may by warrant authorise any police-officer not belou' the rank of liub. ~=t.
inspector 10 enter upon ,and search :my plaet: whtn: any stock of unauthorised pape,..
news-sheets or unl\~lhorised news~pers mny be or m;1)' be 1'C1sonabl)' suspected
10 be, and such pollce.officer may scm any document, found in such place which,
in his opinion, are unauthorised newssht.els or unauthorised new'rapen.
(J) All documenl. seized under subse<:lion U) shall be produced as OOD as
may be before a District :Magistrate, Subdivision!!1 MaJ:istmte or MaJtittrnte of
the first class, and aU documell~ seized onder sub-sUon (Z, !llmll be produced ..
lOOn as mow be before the Court of the Ma&ishate who i~d the warrant.
(4) If. in the opinion of such Magistrate or Court, any of such dotumenl.
art unauthori$ed nC"'I.sheets 01' unauthorised newsp.1peR, the Ma,a.i51rate QC"
Court may cause them to be d~troJed. If, in the opinion of such M3gistraf'e or
Court, any of such documents art not unauthorised news-sheels or unauthorised
oewspapen, such Ma!tistrale or Court shall dispose of them in the DWlDcr
P'QYided in sections 523, 5zt and 525 of Ule Code of Criminall'rocrdnrt
7. W Where a District MaJ,tistratc or Subdivisional Magistrate has reason Power to
to belit't'e that an unauthorised news-sheet or ullauthoriltd ne\1o-spaper it being ICI..:"'"
produced from an undeclared peetS within the limits of his jurisdicti?", he may :"~Iared
by warrant authoriJe any pOliceofficer Dot below the rank of IUb-IDspedor 10 Jl'd'"
enter upon and search an, place wherein luch undeclared press may be or may be producln~
reuonably suspected to be. and if. in the opinion of such police-officcr, any pYesI ...I~
fOWld in such place is an undeclared press and Is used to prodLX:C an unauthotlled
news-sheet or tmauthorised newsflaper. he may seize such press and an1
:::-ewa-
r-,pen.
documents found in the place which in hill opinion are unauthorised news-sheeb
OC' unauthorised n e w s p . 1 p e r s . .
(21 nle police-officer shall make ;\ report of the itarch to the Conrt whIch
issued the warrant and shalt produce before such COllrt, as soon all lllay be, all
property seil:ed :
Provided that where allY press \vhich 11a1 been seiled cannot be readil,
r~moved. the polic.e..officer InW produce be(ore the Court onl, such P;lrlS thereof
as be may tbink fit.
0) If sU\:h Court. after such inquiry as it may deem n-quWtr,. is ?f opinioll
that a press seized under this section is an undecbred press which IS uttd to
produce an un:luthorised news-sheet or unauthorised newSfapcr, it rDa)', b.Y order
in writing:. declare the press to be forfeited 10 {the Sl;lte}l. If, after such IJIq'!lry,
~e Court i.. not or$Dch opinion, it sball disJ'05C ollhe press in the m;anner provided
In sections 523, 524 and S2S or the Code of Criminal Procedure.
(4) The Court shall deal with documenb ptodltced before it un4tt this smlen
in the manner provided in sub.section (4) of section 16.
1. (JI Whoever makes, seU., t1i11ribuh:s, publishes. or fJUbliely rxhibitt .Of' ~:~_
be(ll for sale, distribution or publication, :my unauthonsed Iltws.sh~t or lie."
PIper shall be punishable with imprisonment which ma, extend 10 ~llClnollths. Of
::Clll..
witb tillC, or wilh both.

I hbsUlatcrd bJ the CniOll.- 01 Duma IAdaptatioa of Laws) Ordu.l941.

......
;o.llt.-iocd
~.~""b

papua.
~
 224
(Z) Notwithstuldinlt anythinj( contodnfd in the Code of Criminal Procedure,
an)'offence punishable undersub-secliori (I), aocl allY abetment of any such olIenee,
shall he coeninble.
SPlCl4L PItOVlS10Nli IIUoTIl'G TO tBI!. SlIZUK.I OP eEllTAII-: DOCUWIlM'r1.

19. Where any nc\\'~'Paper, hook or other document wherever made appe:lrt
.....m ..
ckc~rc
to the President of the Union to contain any w.;n'tls. si~ns or \'i'iible representation,
cabin pub- of tbe n:dure described in $C\;lion 4, sub-section (1), the President of the Union
may, by ootificati)R in lhc G:udle, statinJt the groonds of his opinion, dedare
""""""
furflikd

-
c~ copyoftbeiss1Jeof th~ ne\vIFPI--r .:mdeTerY cop}'ohuch bookorothtr docu
_.....
. .4101....1:
~od>. ment to be forfeited 10 [the Slate]. ::lnd thereupon allY poIice-oflieer 1Da}. ~tize the

..... 13m: wherenr founet in the Ullion of Hurm~, and any ~hJtislr:l.te rna)' b)' ',varnnt
autharite any police~fficer not brlow the rank of soh.inspector to enter upon and
seareh for the same ill any premises wh~rc an)' CClpy o( such issue or auy ~ucb
book 01' other documrnt m.1) be or may be rU$01l1bl\' suspected to be.
Po",lo ~O. nlt= Chief Cn~tt')lllt-Officer or other offictr authorised by lhe President of
detail p..:lt the Unioll in thiill behllf m1Y detain any p ICk:all:! brouJ!:ht, whether by land, sea or
IlntOft air. into the U Ilioil of En ml which he $U~Pl=cts to contain any nelVsp.1pen. hooks
lainin, or !Vher documents of the nature d~ribed in section ". iII\1bsection II), and shaU
certain
pablil-atkm forthwith forw,lm copies of any newplpefl, bl0kl or other dOCUlneDls found

..........-
""hfnim- therein to such officer as the President o( the Union m.1Y aPrtJint in this behalf, to
pcM'lcd illlO be \Iisposed of in such m:l.nner :15 the President of the Union may dirett.
thtUlUoll of

Prvtlillition 2'. No uII.luthtrised nC\\"'Ished or unauthorised newspaper Iball be tran..

".... ., ....
---
mitted by POlt.
of C'tfbin

Power to 22. Any officer ill chlt~e of a post-offi...:e or authorised by the {Director.
,\d" f'!Cnt'r.11 of PoHts and Tele2r.lphsr in Ihis behalf m.1J dehin any article oUler
I,tk... thall ~ letter or parcel in course of transmission by post which be luspectS to
bo:I.,lnMo conlam-
mltkod by
,.." (I) an~ ~e\\"Sp.llkr. boo~ or other document cOlltainin~ words. ligns or
"Islhlc representatiOns of the nature described in section 4 sub.
~~(~or '
(6) an)' nnaulbori,ed ne\\"l..hcet or unauthorised newspaper,
and ~,b.ll~ dcl~ver ,til St"b artic,lc:o to such.ollioer .u the President or the Union may
a~lIltlL1 thl.1 behalf, to bt= dupoS\:d of In such nMllner as the ~esident of tbe
UUIOlI ~)' due~l.

POWZIS OF HIGH CoURT.

AflpIiatioa ~J. (I, Toe be~'"C' ~f a printil\R.press who has bet'n ordered to depO$it
toNi,,, aeunt)" unckt SUb-5eClion .(3) of s:cctiOIl 3, or the publhher o( a newspaper who
Court to lid
uid~ ol"lkr bas brtn o~derl:Cl.todC~11 5tCunty under sub'it'-1ion IS) of sedion 7. or uny
or forfeiture. penon h,l'1Uf an mtell.':lt til all)' p~perty ill tespcd of which an order 0( forfeiture
h~ ~en made under secllon ", section 6, section 8, section 10 or section 19 ma,
wl,thm"two months from lhe date of sUl~b order. apply 10 the Hiab Court to set
'bl~e such ~rder, and the H!lIth Court shall decide if the newspaper, book or other
~~~n.t In respecJ. of willch the order wa$ made did or did not contlin anr
~ &.bdllllk1l byl~ t:DiOfl of bllnlll(Mapl:allo>ll 01 Law" Or\kr lMa
~ow"" l)jreclQlol hill, '" Act XXV. 1950. "
words, slltns or visible representations of the nature dncribed in section., sub-
se::tion (1).
(2) The keeper of a printin~.press in respect of whid. anorderorforfeitur'e
ha.s been made under sub-section (I) of section 12 on the ground that it has been
used in conlravent1on of lubsection (1) of tha.t section may :l;pplr to the Hiih
Court to set aside the order on the ~round that the press was not 10 ueed.
2 Every such application shall be heard and determined by a Special Hcarine by
Bench of the High Court composed of three Judees. SpecIal
.....
21. (J) If it appears fo the Special }knch on an application under sub
section U) of section 23 tha.t the \Vords. sians or visible l'Cpt'"nentations con.
taioed lJ:l the ne\\"Splpef. book or other dc'cument in respect of which the order
in question was made were not of the n1.ture described in section 4, sub-section
11), the Spe:ial Bench shall set aside the order.
=
0nIn III
S~.i:ll

rorfrilun
:lIide

.
(Z) If it appean to the SpeciRl Bench on a.n apPlication under sub-section
(2) of section 23 that the printintpress was not used in contravention 0( .ub
IeCtion U) of section 11, it !ilhall set aside the order of forfeiture.
(3) Where there is a diff..:rence of opinion amon~ the Iudltes forminR the
Special Bench, the decision shall be in. :accordance with the opinion of the
m:ajority of those Iu<ll!e!il.
(4) Where there is no sucK majority which concurs in setlinl! aside the order
in question. the order sh:lll st:\nd.
26. On the het1rin~ of an npplicaUon under sub-section (1) of ~tiOD '3 E"dtn~ 10
with reference to :lny newsJXlper, :lny copy of soch newspnpcr mily be Jtiven prOI".., 1I1tllfC
in evidence in aid of the proof of the nature or tendency of the word., sign. or Itnd~nty
01 ne", ...
or visible representatiolls contained in such newsplper. in respect of which papers.
the order WM made.
27. The HiCh Court sh311 fr:ame nlles l to rCKUlate the procedure in theease Pmcedun In
of SbCh appliCl\tion~, the amount of the costs thereof, :and the ezcrotion of Hi", Coarl.
orders passed thereon, :lnd nntil such. ndes :ue fr:uned the practice of such
Court in proceeding. other than $lits :md appeal! sh:all apply, so far as may
be practic.., ble, to such :l.ppliCo"\tions.
SUPI'LF.WI\."TAf..

28. Every notice undcr this Act !ilh..1.11 be sent to a MaW!illrate, who .11:.11 Sen"lte of
Cluse it to he served in the manner provided for the ser,'icc of summonses under MIkel.
the Code of Criminal Procedure:
Provided that, if service in lOCh m.1.nner c.1.nnot"by the exercise of due diligence
be elected. the servina officer shall. where the notice is directed to the keeper of
a press, afliz a copy thereof to lOme COn.<;piCllOD!il P:lrt of the pla~ where the
Pfeil is situate. :ts de!ilCl'ihed in the keeper's dcelaraltoD onder section 4 of the
Press (Registration) Act. and "here the notice i!il direr.ted to the ~hl!sher of a
ncwspa.per. to some conspicuous part of the ~emises where t~e pubhCl\hon. ofsuch
newspaper is conduded, '" I!iven in the pobh..~her!il decbr:\hon uneler !ilCChoo S of
the said Act ; and thereupon. the notice shall be deemed to luve been duly seT"ftd.
2'.E\r~y \\":tlttnt i5sued under this Act sh:tll. ~o rar as it relates to a se:udl, Ccoafuct 0(
be executed in the manner prc.YicJ.ed for the accution of se:m::hwarrantll under snrcbn.
the Code of Criminal Procedure.
31. E"ery declaration of (orfeiture pu~in~ to be made un~ler this A~
.hall, M ~nst all persons, be conclusive eVidence tb:tt the (orfelture thet"C1R
=ictioa .

For 11Id\ rules. IU. High C,.,lIrl Nnlincatit'lll No. l~O (GenU, ,l;tted 12th.March, 1940 u
by N ,ti6e;1I10n No. IS (Genl.). dated 26th April. 1950, lit po 487 01 the filth Coo.Irl ~ulet
IfI'lel'ldcd
and Ordn-" Third E:tltlon.

IS
 226
refm-ed to bas taken pmce. and no proceedinll'\tlrrorting. to be lakrn und~r t.his
Act shall be called in Iluestioll by :til)' Courl, ~Xltpl tIle High C"urt (Ill appltcatlcn
under sectiOn 23, aud 110 civil or criminal procrctlil1g, cIrel1t as provided by this
Act, "haJl he iustitnlrd ;lg:tinst ,my persOli (or OIn)'thing dOlle or in I::ood (aith
inlelllled to he done under this Act.
OperaUoa of n. Nothing herein cOl,t..ined shall be dc\:med to pre\'ent any person (rom
other bws being prosrcuted under ;Ill)' other law (or an)' "I;t or omission \dllCh constitutes
oot bam:c1, an olJence aJ.!:tinst this Act.

Db a_ I 32, (l) Whoever pUblildles. circuL'\te." or repeats in public any pasSJgc (rom

.... "
CflIll~.,.b 0(
r-C'lCrib.:d.
a newspaper, book or other docnmellt, copies whereof ha\'e been declared to be
forfeited to {the St:l.ltf under all}' law for the time beinj:t in (orc;r, shan be
""""""'t. puuished with imprisolilnl:nt for a term which mal' e.~tend to six mouths. or \\itb
hne or with bnth,
(Z) No Ct'lurt shall take coitlilance of an offence punishable under this 5Cdion
unlets the Prcsic1rnt of the Union has rerlified that the p:lS...:Ite puhlished,
circulated or repealed e(lnlnins, in the opinion of the ~sident of the Union,
seditiom:: or other mntler of the nature rt(erred 10 in llllh-BeClion (1) of section 99A
of the Code of Crimin;!1 Procedure, or sub-section (l) cf section 4 of the Press
(Emeraenc)' Powers) Aet,

11IE rUBUC ORDER (pRESERVATION) Aer.

(BURU" AcT XVI. 19.J7,} (Jrd April, J947.)
WIIERF.AS it is e~lient to In lkc pro\'isioDs for presen'inJ! peace :l.nd order
in C't'rt.'1in are.'\s; to Co (0
It i~ herehr enaded :II (oll')\", : -
I. (I) This Act m1.)' he called the Pnhtic On.ler (P,-escrvali .n) Ad, 1947,
(21 It llh:lll come into fot\.'t 011 once, and sh:l.lI l'Cnuin in Cree until such
&\te as the I'resident of the Union m.'\)' hy notilicalion decLltC it to tit: no longer
iu force,
U) It ~h:J11 rxlend to such aftas I as the President of the Union may, (rom
time to time, hy nolilienlion, lll)('I.:,ily, :Iuc1lhe I'r.. ~ic\tnt of the Union lIl:lr. in ~lIeh
nolifiC':'llion. u.clllde the (If'Cution of :lny rrovbioll!!; of lhi!:: Act fl'Oltl IIII;h ;m~3S,
2. In this Acl, nlliess there is fmylhing repuRmmt in the luhject or
context.-
Cil It the Code " me:ln~ the Code of Crimin:lll'rocedure;
(iiI .. prejn(licial act" mean!:: the fl"l1owinl! :lC~lI-
CAl any act directly or indirectly conneded with ao\' unlawful adi\ity
h:l\;ng for its ohjttt the 5l'1uli!RlinJ,! of OpiUlll Or danj!erotB dtu2S
cootTa'1' to anr l'\w f{'r tilt time being in force: or
Ch) any act whieh directl~' nr indiree::l1y :l1\Cls or Ltdlit:ttes the ~'OInrnis
sion of :lny "Ken in resp:t rof 6rt':1nns or :lmmunition contral)'
to the Arms Act fnr Ihe time being in for07(' ; ('\I'
(c) :lny:let which c1irectl) or indirttl:y :lhe-Is or Cacilibt':I the smua:-
glina of millcrollores or conce.ntDtel centrnry to :IllY law f(lf the
time heir:g in force ; ('Ir
 227
(d) an, act which directly or indirectly abeh or facilitates the corumis
sion of any oUence in respect of fot'eiJtn exchnnac contral'}' to
the Foreign Exchange Reaulalioll Act, 1947 : or
(e) allY Old which directly or iudirectly abets or facilitates the smug
aling of rice. rice product., paddy, timber. mineral oil. melall,
metal scraps 01" precious stones contraT)' to any law (or the time
being in force.
3. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code or in any olher law for
the time b~ing in force in ariy afca to which this Act extends-
(a) any member of the Anned Force!! Benin" in the Union of Burma
who is authorized, by name or designation, b)' the President of the
Union in IhM> behalf may exercise the powers conferred upon pfllice
officers by the prodsions of Chapter V of the Code as amended;
(b) the operation of the provisions of llllb.section (3) (If section 46 of the
Code shall be sUllpenderi ; .
(el section 61 of the Code shall ha\'e cffect :l,S i the expression 10 seventy-
two hours" had heen substituted for the exprttsion ,t twenty-fonr"
appearing therein: .
I (d) tub-section (1) of section 260 of the Code shall have effect as if the
following provisos had been added thereto, rmmeh' : -
(0 Provided tha.t the President of tile Union may, by notification.
empower any Ma~strale to try in a summary Wfl}' any offence
triable by a MaJ,tistrate of the lirst elasli, and thl't potlling
contained in sub-section (2' of section 262 of the said Code shall
apply to any case tried by virtue of such noti6cation :
Provided further that. in any case tried by virtue of luch notification
the Ma~istrate shall record a memorandum of the substnnce of
the evidence of each witness ex'l.m\Jled, may refll~e to summon
any witness if he is s/,tislied that the evidence of such witnCI!I
will not be matmal and shall not be bound to adjourn a trial for
any pmposnunlesssnch :ldjournment is, in his opinion. necessary
in the interests of justice."
3A. (t) Where an accused, in a "trial hefore any criminal Court, has by
his voluntary act rendered himself incapable of appe"lrin~ hefore the Court, or
resist. hili production hefore it, or behaves before it in a rer:.ish:nlly disorderly
manner, the Court may. at any stage of the trial, by oreler in writing dispetlsc with
the nttendance of the accused and proceed with the trial in hi, absence.
(Z) Where a plea is required in answer to a charue from nn accused whose
attendance has been di!;pensed with under sub-section (1) such accu::;ed shall he
deemed not to plead R:uilty.
(3) An order under sub-section (J) shall not affect the riJ:lht of the l\ccu!;Cd
of being repre!t('ntec1 by a pleader at any ::;taf;te of the tria', or hein~ prc!lcnt in
perl;Qn if he hal'; becnme. capable (If appcarin~ or appelts in Court and undertakes
to behave in an orderly manner.
(4) NotwithstandinR: anythinf;t contained in the Cooe. no ~n(1in". untence
or ordel' passed in any trial shall be held to he ilIepl by rensen of any om;!f::;ion
or irreJl:ularlt)- whatsoe\'er arisil\l{ frOIn the nbsence of any nccused \\'h~e attend
ance has been dispensed with under f>ubsection W.
4. (1' Notwith!l~ndinJl: anythinJl: cont:l.ined in any law for the time being
in force, the Deputy Commissioner and any officer who is authorized, by n:'Ime or
designation, by the President of the Union in thi!> behalf may bke h09lalltcs from
or may impose fines ill money or I'!:oods, or mill' conliscale or destro~' the proptrh'
, Sub.lltuted ~ Ad Li-il, 194s:---- ----.-..----~.--
t 'nsc!led {Nti.
228 PufJIic Order (Pt'eurflQUolI).

or any pa!'t of the property of, the inhabitants of any villa~e-tract, or nuy destroy
by hurninJ! or by allY other means ally village or allY part tiJereof, if aHer enquiry
he linrls that allY substantial number of the inhabitant~ of such villa~etract or
viUaJ{c have-
(a) taken part in or cOllsj.lirec1 to Cl'cate a disturbance of the public
tranquillity or attempted to Cl"C:lte or abetted lhe creation of such
disturbance or collected men, arms or ammunition or otherwise
prepared to create a disturbance of the public tranquillity:
(b) taken part ill or "belled the commission of or conspired to commit
robbel"}' or c1acoity with arms.
(2) The Deputy Commissioner or such officer, as the case may bc, may
orner the whole or any part of the fine imprsed limIer sub-!':ection (1) to be gi\'en
as compensation 10 ;'lllY person to whom damage: 01" injury has betn caused directlY
or indirectly by the aet 01' aels in I'espect of which the line i!': imposed,
S, (1) Any police omeer not below the rank of a sub-inspector or an)'
other officer of Government-empowered in this behalf, by ~enernl or !':pecial order
by the Ploesident of the Union, lIlay [is!':ue an order of arrest or] I arrest without
wanant allY person whom he ., ... ... 'l'Ilspccls of having acted, of acting,
or of being about to act,-
(a) in any manner calculatcd to dislurb, or to assist a disturb:lllce of the
public; tl'nllC]lIi11ity ;
(6) in a manner prejudici:ll-
(i) to the "a[ety of ,my place 01' t1I'Ctl or of :IIlY indust!'r, machinery or
hllildin~ ill any "llcll place 01' nrea ;
(ii) to the Olltput or effectivccontrol of any "nch industry 01' machillet1',
(2) Any oOlce\" who makes an nrrest in Pt1l'Sll1nce of !ll1b-seelion (1) shall
forthwith report the fact of snch arrel'Ot to the President of the Union, and penditlJ,X
the\'cceipt of the orders of the P:'esident of the Union he mar, h)' an order ill
Wl'itill~, commit all)' person so arrested 10 such custody a!l. the President cr the
Union may hy ~ellcr;l.1 or spechl orc1er sprdfy ;
Provided-
(i) that no person shall he detained in custody ullder this sub.section
for a pcdod ex..::eeclinR fifteen clar~ without the order of the
President of the Union;
(in that no person shall be detained ill custody under this sub-:;eclion
for a pel'iod exceeding Iwo months.
(3) If any persOIl arrested undel' claus.: (bl of suh-section (1) is prepared to
furnish security, the ollief'\' who ha,; arrested him may, insteO"ld of committing him
to ellstodr, relea$.e him on his executinJ! " bond with or without sllreties under-
takill~ that he will not, pending the recei pt of the ordel's of the President of (he
Union, enter, reside or remain in the "I'eas in respect of which he became liable
to arrest.
(4) 011 receipt of any report made uncleI' the pl"Ovision$. of sub-seclion (2)
the Cresidellt of the Union may, in addition to makinlt such Ol'(I ers snbjtct to the
st;Cond proviso to ,>ub-section (2) as may appe-ar to be necessary for the temporary
clIstody of any perSOn arrested nndc this "ecliell, makt" in exerci~e of any powers-
conferred upon the President of the Union by any law for the time being in for..::e,
such final order as to his detelltion, relc:\se, residence or an)' other matter con-
cerning him as mal appear to the President of the Union in the circumstances of
the case to he reasonahle or necessary.
I luserttd by ,\d XXX\'I, 194r,.
'TIle wnrd" reasol\:lbtyo, W.\'I deleted by Ad LXII, 1948.
 Public Order (Preurf1llllioll). 229
(5) When se..:urity has been triken ill purwance of the provisions of sub-
section 131, the bond shall be decmcd 10 be a bond taken umlcr the Code lJy the
District Ma/<list,'atc having jurisdiction ill thc area ill respcct of which the said
security has been taken and the provisions of sl::ction 514 of the laid Code :lihall
apply accordingly,
I SA, (J) 1 the President oC the Union is sati!lficd with I'espect to any par-
ticular person that with a vicw to PI'c\'cnlil'/<l him from acting in an}' manner
prejudicial to the puhlic s.,fcty and the mailltcnan~ or pllblic order lor from
committin~ an)' prejudicial act]1 it is necess.,ry so to do, the Pre:liident of lhe
Union may make an order-
(G) directing such person to remove himself from the Union of Burma in
swh manner, by :liuch time and by liuch route as may be specified in
the order, and prohibiting his return to the Union of Bumta ;
(b) directing that he be detained: '
{c) directing tha.t, except in SO Car as he may be permilted by the provi-
sions of the order, or by such :ulthority or person as may be
specified therein, he shall not be in any such nrea or place in the
'Union of Burma as may be specilied ill the order;
(II) requiring him to reside or remain in sl:ch place or witbin such area
in the Union of Burma as may be specified ill the order, and if he
is not alreadv there to proceed to that place or area within such
time as mar"be specified ill the order i
(til requiring him to notify his movements in such ma.n.ner. ~l slich times
and to such authority or persons as may be specilied in the order;
<f) imposin~ upon him such restrictiOns as nlay be specified in the order
in respect of.hi, emplorment or business, in respect of hi, associa-
tion or communk.. . tion with other persons, in respect of his control
over minor children of whom he is parent or guardian, and in
respt of his a..:tivilies in relation to the dissemination of news or
propagation of opinions;
(g) prohibiting or restricfin~ the possession or usc: by him of any such
article or articles as may be specified in the order i
(/I) otherwise regulalin~ his COnduct in any such particular as may be
llpecified in the order:
Provided that no order under clau'>C (a) of this sub-section shall be made
in resjjCct of any [citizen of the Union]',
(2) An order made uneler sub-section (1) may require tbe penon in rcspect
of wbom it is nllde to enter into a bond, wilh or without sureties, for the due
pcl"Cormance of, or as an alternative to the enforcement of, such restrictions
or condiliom. made in the order as may be spccifi~d in the order,
(3) If any person is in any are., or place in contra\entioll of an order
ma.de under the provisions of this section or fails LO leave any are.'\ or place: in
accordance with tbe requirements of such an order, then, without prejudice to
the provisions of sub-section (5', he may be removed from such area or place by
any police officer or by any person actinJt on behalf of Go\ernment.
(4) So 10nJt as there is in force in respect of any person sucb an order as
aforesaid directin~ that he be detained. he shall be liable to be detaired in such
place, and under sm::h conditions as to mailltenance. discipline and the punishment
~f officers and breachec; of discipline, a, the President of the Union may from
time to time lietel'mine,

I Inserted by Act XXVIII, 1947.

1 IIIl>ertc:d by Ad IV, 1953.
a Subltiluted by the l'mOQ of Hurma IAdapl.l.tion of LawI) Orrkr, 1941,
130
(51 H ~ny persOIl cOlllravcnts an)' order made under this section, he shall
he punishable with imprisonment for" term which m;IY extend to five years, or
with fine, or with both. and if such person has entered into a bond in pursuance
of th;:. provisions of sub-section i.2). his bond sh.. 11 be;: forfeited. and ;to}' person
bound thereby shall pOly th~ penalty thereof. or show cause to the satisfaction of
the ~ouvh;tillg Court why ::ouch penalty should not he ~mid.
(6) If the l'resid~llt of the Union h.u reason to believe th..t t a person ill
respect of whom he has malic: an onlcr under subsection (1) directing
that the p.:rson b.: detlined has absronded or is t;onet:aJing himself so that such
order C:l.Ilnot he exccntcd the Preiitlcnt of the UlIilll1 nlay make a report in
writin~ of the fads to a District M:tlo!istrate or a M:l~islrate of the first dass
h3vin).!: jurisdiction in the pla..::c where the ~:lid person ordill:lrily resides; and
thereupon the provisions of sedions S7, gS aud 89 of the Co<le of Criminal
Pra..;.:dure sll:\l1 apply in resped of thc said penson and his property as if the
OrtlCl' directing that ilc be l1et."linecl wrre " warrant issued by thc "1a~istrnte.

I 58, ~I) The President of the Union may, by order, (!ired that any
penoll in r.:.)pect of whom an order hilS beo.:l1 lIlade undcr the provisions of
section SA, sllall-
Ca) allow himself 10 be photographed;
(bl allow his linJ:er and thumh impressions to he taken:
Cd furnish spec:imcns Qr his II1ll(h\fitillg ;'tnd si.::nah1re i and
1,1) allcnd at such time and place before such authority or perSOn as may
be $peciried in the order for all or any of the purposes roelltioneo
in Ihis se.;tion,
(2) If any person contr:l"Vencs any order made uncler this seclion, he
shall be punishahle with imprisonment for a term whil,lh maV o.:xtend to six months,
or with fine, or with 1'10111.

6. (1) The Prtsidenl of the Unioll may, hy ordel', direct that, suhject 10
allY speciliecl exemption, no person presl:ut wilhin any 'lpt'l'itied "l'cn shall. behn.:n
sneh hours ns III ly bc $pel>ilicd, be Ollt of doors excel". uuder the nuthority of a
written permit ~ran(ecl by 1 speeilied authority or person.
(2) If :Inr pel'son contravenes all)' order made under this section, he shall
be punishahle with imprisonment for a tel'm which Illay extencllo onc year, or
'with lille, OL' with both,
UI NIJ COUl'l sh.l.lI take cO~lIi.l,lllCe of an alle~e~1 offence under this section
except on I report ill \Vritin~ of the facts conslilutinJ: such offence made by a
public servant.

'61\, (1) The Presipcnl oi the Union lRW, by t:eneral or special order,
prohihit or rC$trict ill allY art':l ;lIlY $u~:h exerd~e, movement, {,"olution or drill of
a military nature:n nl1Y ~ specified in the (lrder,
(2) If any per'S,)n centra"enes any order made nnder this sedion, he shall
he IIl'li"llllhle with imprisonment for;\ lerm which may extend to live yeus, or
with line, or ,dth hoth,

"6 B. (II If the President of the Union is s,"l'isficd that-

(.,) the wC.lrin~ in pllhlk of all}' dress or article of 3J1p.lrd resemt-.lin.l!
any unifornl or p.ul of .1 uniform rClluired to ~ worn br a member

I~,scrtcd by Al:t XXVIII, 1~7,

1 11Ikrt"d by Act L.'(XIX9-17,
 23\
of. [the Burma] I Forces or by a member of any official Police Force
or of any force constituted under iUly law lor the time heiuJ.t in
force,
(b) the wearing or display in public of any distinctive dress or arlicle of
apparel or allY emblem,
would be likely to prejudice the public Solfet}' or the mainten:mceof public order,
the President of the Union rna}'. by general or special CIrcler. prohibit or restrict
the wearin~ or display in pcblit.: of any such dress, article of apparel or emblem.
12) For the purposes of this sedioll, a dress, all arti.c1e of apparel or an
embkm shall be deemed to be wom or displayed in puhlic if it is worn or
dbplayccl $0 .:lS to be visible to a perSOIl in :my place \0 which the public have
access.
(S) If any person controvenes any order made under this section he shall
be punishable with imprisonment fot a term which may extend to three )ear., Ol
with fine, or with bolh.
7. 'nle President of the Union may hy order dired that an)' power which is
conferred upon him by [sections 5, SA, 58, 6, 6A and 6B}' shaU, subject to such
conditions ~s may be specirled therein, be exercised by such officer or authority
as hc may specify.
8. Any authority or person :l.ctinl! in pursulnce of this Act shall interfere
with the ordinary a\'ocatious of life and the enjoyment of property as little as may
be COnsonant with the purpose of ensurin~ the public ordCT and safety.
9. (1) No order made in exercilie 01 any power conferred by or under this
Act shall be called into lIuestion ill an)' Court.
(2) Where an order purports to have been made and si~ned by any officer
or authority in exercise of allY power conlerred.by or under this Act, a Court
shall, within the meaninJ,! of the Evidence Act, presume that such order W'lS made
by that officer or aathodt}' unHl tho.colltrary be pl'Coved.
10. (1) No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedin~s shall lie :lgainlt any
person lor :mydlinj.{ which is in good faith done or intended to IJe done in ~
sUolnce of this Act.
(2) Save as otherwise expressly provided under this Act no suit or other
legal proceeding shall lie against the [Union of Burma] I for an} c1amaJ,(e c1used
or likely to b.::: ClUse<1 by :mythin!: done or inten'led to be done in pursuance of
this Act.

THE REQUlSmONING (EMERGENCY PROVISIONS) Acr:

[BUHllA ACT XXXVIII, JI)47J (28th July. 1947.)

\VH~R~AS it is expedient to make prClvisions for requisitioning lands and"
premises in certain rUpects ;

It is herehy enacted as follows : -
I. (1) This Act rna}' be called the Ueqnisitionina:: (Emergency Provisions)
Act, 1947.
- -:-c:----:-:-
I Suln.tituh:d by Ihe l:rnoo of Burma ;Ad:lpt."Ilion 01 1.""..1 O"k" 1948.
t Aml.:pded by ....cta XXVIlI, 1947, LXXIX, 1941l1Pc1 LXII, 1948,
232 RequisJliolli,lJ! (Em<:TJ!t:IICY Provisiol/s\.
(2) It sh...11 rem:l.in ill force until such date as the President of the Union
may, by notification, (Iire"t that it ~hall cease to be in force.
2. (1) The Pre~idel1t of the Union may by Dreier in writing requisition any
land, huilding, part of a building, or other premises, together \l"ilh allY fixtures,
fittings, fmniturc or other things thereill, or any water-supply system cOllnected
or pcrtainilll-( to such land or premises, alld Illay make- such further orders as
appeal' to the President of the Union to be necessary or expedient in connection
with the requisitioning:
Provided that no land, premises or thin~s used fa .. the purpose of religious
wonihip shall be requisitionl'c\ \luder this Act:
Provided also tl1at 110 land, premise::; or thinJ.(s shall be requisitioned under
Ihis Act for any person who is 110t a public servant, or whose work or duty is not
eOnneded with the Government, or in respect of whom the Go\'ernment is uu<1er
no obligation (0 make a rcquisition, or who is not a representative. or a memher
of the diplomatic mission, of anOlher cour,try, or a visitor from a foreiJ.!:n [StateV
'(Z) \Vhere the President of the UniCtll has reqtlisitioncd any land, premises
water-supply system 01' thing under :mb-scetion (]" the President of Ihe Union
may use stich land, premises, watcl'-supply system or thing in such manner as he
may consider necessary or expedient, but shall !lave no power to dispose of any
such laud, premises, water-supply system or thillj.(.
(3) The President of the Union may by order:-

(Q) require the owner or occupier of any land, b:lildillg, pari of a buildiug,
or olher premises to furnish to such "nthorily as Ill"'y he spec;lied
in the order such information in his possessioll rdating to the land,
bl11ldillJ,!, part of a building, or other premises, or to allY fixtures,
filtinp:s. furniture or other things therein, or to any water-supply
SYSklll connected or pertaining theretCt, ;IS may b~ w specilied i
(b) dired that such owner or occupier shall not, withCL:t the permis~ion
of the President of Ihe Ullioll, disrose of such land, LUllding. or
other premises, or of any fixtures, filtinJts, fornilme, or other
thillJtS therein, 01' of any water-loupply srdem connected or
pertaining ther~to, till the expiry of such period as maYbespecilied
in the order,
(4) If ,lny Person contra\'enes any order made in pursuance of this sedion,
he shall he punishahle with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three
.... :O\rs. or with lIne, or with bOlh.

3, (I) The President of the, Union may hy order in \\'ritilJ~ require the
owner. or the person ha\-ing the m;1HO\gement, of an~' warehouse or cold $torage
depot \0 phce at the disposal of GO\'ei-nment the whole or any part of the srace
or accommodation available in such wa:'ehoHse 01' cold stora.,;e (~t'pot and to
employ such ~P1CC or accommodation fnr the storaJ,!e of any arLic1es Gr things
spccifi:d in the order; O\ncl sueh an order ma~' require the said owner or person to
afford such bcilities, and maintain such services. in resped 01 the slm-age of such
articles or lhinl!S, as may be spccilied.
121 \Vhenen-r ill pllrsuance of an order made under sub-section (1) all)'
space or ;\ccOmmod.ltion in a warehouse or l'old stor.IJ..:t' d('p6~ is placed at the
disposal'of the Gcw<,rnment the ownlT of :,tldl wart'house Ctr cold slor;lge depOt
shall be pO\id Ihf'refor at su..:h rates as the President of the Union may by order
made ill Ihis hehalf determiue.

I SUMlituted b~' the UlI;on nf Hunna (.otdilptalioll of LilWS) Order, 194tl.

~\lbltil ted by Act LV, 1947,
 (31 If any persall contra\'ellCii any order madc in pursuance 01 thili section
he shall be punishablt:: with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ~ill
months, or with fin~, or with both.

"", (1) The Govemment may cause any reasonable repair to be made to any
buildinj.( which is reqUlsitior,ed under this Act and deduct the expenses of the
repair from lhe rt'nl, or otherwise rt:co\'er it frobl the Icssor.
(2) The provisions of sub-section UI shall :lppl)' to thc fl.-quisitions of the
buildillg~ made or purrorled to have been made under Rule 76 of the Defelice of
Burma Rules before tht: wmmellcement of this Act, ~ If the said requisitions had
been validly made under lhe provisions of thili Act.

I.fA. The Prc5idt:nt of the Union may, by oreler, direct that any power
which is conferred upon him by section 2, section 3 and sectioll 4 shall,lauhjecl
to such conditions as may be specified the-rdn, he:: exe::rcised by lucb officer or
autbority al he may specify.
$. Notwithstauding anything cOllhined in any other hw. all requisitions
of properly or thing,; made or purported to h:....e \.Iee::n made under Rule 76 and
Rule 79 of the Dcftllce of Burnll l~l1lt:s hef01'e the commencement o( this Ad
shall be rl.,;emed to have betn made under the provisiolls oJ this Acl, ~s
if this Act were in force at the time the requisitions werc made; aud nO !SUCh
requisitions shall be deemed to \)e invalid by reason only that they were made:: in
contravention of the provisions of the provisos to the sait! Hule 76 W.
6. 1(l) Where an)' property or thinl: is requisitioned, or is dl.'emed to have
been requ:sitioned, under the provisions of this Act, the owner 01 such property ur
thing shall be paid such compellution for any loss he may have suslait,C'd as "
reillit 01 such n .'C'juisitioning as may be fixed in accordance with the provisions of
t~is sl'etion.
(2, In default of agreement between the Government and the Owner of
the properly, the President of the:: Union shall, by general or SpeciOlI order, specify
the authority or per.ion throu~h which or whom any claim for compensation under
sub-section (1) Shlll be submitted and the aulhority or person by which or whom
any such claim sball be adjudJ!;cd or ;lw:lrded,
(3) The President of the Union may further, by j.!cncral or special oreler,
prescribe the conditions to which the authority or persoll re~pon$ible (or lldjudgj,nf.:
or awarding daims for compcn5..'\tion ~hall have rCj.!ard when delerlllining the
amount of cOmpell&.ltion payable, and may gi\'"e such ,upI>lementary orden as to the
assessment and paymenl of compensation as may appe.u to him to be nccessi'r)' or
expedient.
I (4) No compens,'1tion shall be payahle under lhe provisions of this section

unless thc owner of the properly or thing, requisitioned or deemed to have been
nequisitioned undt:r the provisions of this Act, submits hisclaim for such compensa-
tion within ninet)' days from the dale on which the said property or thing was
de-requisitioned.
1 6A. (11 Where any requisitioned bnd, buildinJ{, part of a huildinK or other
premises is to be released from I'cqubHiol1, tht: Prt~idtllt of the Union may, after
nlakinR: such inquiry, if any.:'Is he con~iclers neces~al')'. specify b)' ordl'r in writing
the person. to whom JlOssession of the said land, buihlillg. part of a huilding or
other preml~S shall hr Riven,
~ Insert,ed by Act LV,194'.
. Sub'tIt ted ilJi I
I Inserted by A~t' LXXI\' 1951
Inaerted by Act LXX\':1951:
%34
(2) The delivery or po~ession ollhe requilSitiolled land, bvildinll. p.ut of
a k-uilding, or other premises to ttl: person spa:ified in all order made under 51.>b
seelion (Ii sh311 be a (ull discharge of the Prcsitlellt of the Union from all liahility
in respect of such deliv~rYt but shiln not prejadice any ri$!ht.s if) res~t of the
laid land. bui1din~t p"trt of a buildiniZ or other premise3 which any. other pt:rson
may be entitlee! by clue pro\"ess of Jaw to enforce nllainst the person to whom
possession of the said lanrl. huildiull. part of a buildinll or other premises is 10
delivered.
(3) Where the person to whom possession of :U1Y requisitioned land, build-
inlo:. put of a building or other premises is to be i:ivcn catlnot be found and h;ts no
,,~nl or other perSOll empowered to accept deli.very on his beh:tJf, the President
of the Union shall caust: a notice, dedarin/.! that the s.,id Janel, buildj n~, part of a
buildill~ Oi' other I'remise, is rt:leascd from requisition. to be affixed on some
conspicuous port of the said l:lOtI. buildinit. part of the building or othr premises
and publish the 1I0tice in the Gazett~.
(4) When notice referred to in sub-section U) is published in the G:uette.
the- land. buildin~. pMt of a building or other premises specified in such 1I0uce
shalt cease to be subject to requisition on ,mel from the date of Stich publication
:'lnd be deemed to have been delivered to the per30n entitlt:d to posscssiC'n
thereof; and the President nl tbe Union shall not be liable for nny compensation
or other claim in respect of the said land. buildint:. p,ut of a building or other
premises (or allY period after the 5aid d.,le.
7, The provision' of this Act sh'lll be deemed to supersede the provisions
of ;,U other bws in so far as the 13ttel' 3re inconsistent with or rep uitnantto the
provisions of this Act.

TIlE PUBUC V11LJTIES PR0TECI10N ACl.

[BURMA ACT XLI. 1947,] (ht Au}..rust. 1947.)

It if! hereby eh.'lcled as follow. :-

This Ad sh III b~ deemed to have come into force with eliect from the
tirat day of August 1947.
2, No person shall doany 3cl with intent to impair the efficiency or impede
the \\'orkinlo: of. or to cause (lam:lJ:te to--
(n) :lIlr huildinl:s. \'chide, m:lchineq', arraralus or oth'cr properly bsed,
or intended lo be use,t. for Ule purposcs of Govenlmcot :
(6) any railway (;q dellned in the R,'li!\,,-a)'s Act). tramway, road. canal,
hrid~e. culvert. c.,useway. port. dockyard. lighthouse. aerodrome,
or telegr':lph (;\5 defined in the Burma Tele~raph Act) ;
(d ;til)' rolling5tock o( a railway or tramW3}', all)' vessel or aircraft ;
(d) any buildin...: or other propert}' used in connection with the produc-
tion, distribution or supply of any e5SCntial commoditr. any 5ew<4{e
worb. mine or f:\Ct~r,
3, The pr('lvi~ions C'f sectinn 2 shall apply ill relation to an)' omis5ion on the
PMt of a pc;rson to do anythin,; which he is nnder a duty, either to Government or
to any public authority or to any penon. to do, as they apply to tbe doing of any
act by a person.
 235
... If any p.:rson approa('h~s, or is in the neiJ.!hbollrhood of, any such
building, place 0:' propelty as is mentioned in section 2, in circumstancc.'S which
;afford ..e,lson to believe that he intends to contravene that sectiolJ, he shall be
deemed to h we attempted a contravention thereof.
5. No Pel"son shall intcrie:"c wilh or dam~gc or without permission remove
any stores or equipment or other proPtrlY whatsoever belonging to or COIlSi~llCd
to the Rurma to'orees or the Forces of " Power in alliance wilh lhe Union
of Burma.
6. If :IlIY persoll coutravenC:i any 01 the provisions of this Ad, he shall t-e
punishable with imprisonment (or a term which nmy extend to ~even )"Co1rS, or
with line, or with beth.
7. Auy p:rson who attempts to contravene. or abels,oraltempls 10 abet, 01"
docs an)' act rrep.1ralory to, a conlra~enti"n of, any of the provisions of this Act
5h:lU he deemed to have contravened that provision.

THE BANKEIl5' BOOKS (INSncnON) Aer.

[BOR.' ACT XL,<I, 1947.] (9th Au"",t. 1947.)

It is hereby enacted as follows : ,

1. Thi~ Act sll III remain in (orce until the President of the Union, by
llolif1c;J.tion, declares it to bt' nO lnnner ~n force:.
::I. The elCpresiions II bank" a"ld "certified copy" shall have the same
meanio" as is defined in the B.1.nkers' Book, Evidence Act.
3. Notwithstandinn anything contained in any other law, where <lny penon
is arrestt'd or detained [or where an order of anest has been issued <lKainst any
~rtonl LInder section j {I), SA fIt or section SA II) read with section 7 of the
Public Order (l'rcservati( II) Ad, 1947. the Inspectol'-Gener,,) of "Police or the
Commissioner of l'oli~, Rangoon. ma), if he thinks it tit to do IliO,-
la) inspect or caust:. in writinj,!, to be inspeclerl, by an officer not below
the rank of District Snperintenrlent of POlice whose name is
specil1ed therein, allY book heton~ing to or under the conlrol
of a btlRk ;
(b) direct the man:lJ!:er or aRent of the hank to supply a certified copy of
any entry in the book of the bank Of give any information in the
J'OSStssion of the bRnk, relatinil: to Ihe aCCOlln( of snch penon;
(d prohibit the mana~ef or <llrllt of the bank from making any ~rment
from the amount ~lanrlillg 10 thc credit ollu("h prfSOll withe-.nt an
order ill writing of the omcer m.1.king the prohibition.
JA. Notwithst,mdini,mythinn contained in allY otber law for the time heinl:
in fOfce. where any person subject to the Burma Army Act, the Burma Naval
Discipline Act, 1947, or the Burma Air Force (Disciplinei Act. 1947, is charged
with all offence;Ul I takt:n into cuslody. Of where an ortler of arrest has been
i~sue(1 ag::lin"t ;IlW !Itlch J'lCl"SOll, undef seClicu 2S (a). 25 fbI, 2S (e'. 2S (,I), 2S (el,
2S If), 26 (c\, 27 (a). 27 (6), 27 (c), 29, 30 (J), 31 (a). 3116), 31 (d, 31 (d', 31 (e),
31 (j), 3S (n). 3S (6), 3S (f). 36 (c', 36 (11), 39 (,) ('Ir l'le("tir"n 4J of the Burma Army
Act, unrler section 3 (3), 8, lJ, J3, 20 (1), 29, 31, 34. 36,40,42 or section 44 of the
1 h,~rh:d b)" A,t XXXVII, 19i9.
I Illlcrted by Ad XLI, 195r.
 236
Burma NilV:'l1 Discipline Act, "1947, or under section 31 Cd}, 31 fg), 34 (liz). 34 (6).
38, +I '.),44 (1.1,49 (n), 49 (dl, 49 (el,50 (d, SO Id), 53(.),53 (d), 53 In or section
54 <tio{ the Burma Air Force CDisciplilw} Act, 1947, the Gcltcrdl Officer Command
inu. Burma Annr, the Chief of Naval Staff, or the Chief of Air Staff, as the cue
mny be, ma)',if he thinks lit to do 1('1,- .
(tt) inspect or cause, in writing, to be inspected, by an of6eer subject to
the Burma Army Act, the Burma N'lVal Discipline Acl,l947, or the
Bnrma Air Force (Discipline) Act, 1947, not below the rank of
Jo'ield Officer, LieutenantCommander or Squ;ldronLeader whose
nl.me is specilied therein, allY boe>k belongilJi; to or under the
control of a bank;
(b) direct the manag~r or agent of the bank to supply any document,
neRotiaule instroment, or a certified copy of au entry in the book
of the bank, or give allY information in the po~ion of the bank,
relatillg to the account of such person;
(c) prohibit the manager or agent of the b.mk from makinc any payment
from the amount standin" to the credit of such person without an
order in writing of the officer makirre the prohibition.
<t. If the manager or 3Rent of a bank. as thc case may be, fails or refuses to
allow inspection. of any book belonging to or uncler the control of the bank or
cmnpl)' with :\IIY dirl,.-ction or prohibition iuued under section 3, he shall be liable
to punishment with imprisonment for a term which may cJ.tcnd to three ~'e:1n, or
with fine .. or with both.

1111: 1!l!!I!lI~nmrrlAL svrPLIJlll AND SBRVICIlS Aer.

[BUHUA ACT XLVlI. 1947.J (lst August, 1947,)

It is hereby enacted as follows :-

I. This Act shall come into force on the first day of August, 19"7, and
$hall remain in fOI"Ce until the President of the Unioll, by notificatioll, dil'eels that
it shall c;tase to be in force.
2. In this Act, the expression-
(1/) If undertaking" mean' any undertaking by way of trade or business
or to provide any public servil.:e ;
(6) tI c;attle" means bulls, bullod,s, cows. calves. buffaloes (ullie and
female) and buftalo calves.
3. The President of the Union mar. so far as appears to him to be
expedient for maintaining supplics and services essential to the life of the
comm,mitr. by OI"der provide-
(I) for rCllUlatinJ: or prohibiting the productioc. trealnJent. keepin"
sto(;llJ:e, movement. transport. dislriLution. dispos."\l. acquisition,
use or col1sunJption of things of a.n)' description ;
and. in particular, for prohibiting Ute withhC'ldin~ from sale, either
generOillly or to speci6ed persons, of things kept for ule, and (or
requiring things kept for sale to be sold either aenerally or
(0 spc:ci6ed persons or clas!es of person. or in specified
circullUitanCC$ ;
 237
IU.4:) for reiZulatinJt or prohibHing or restricting the hire or charter of
aircraft or for l'egt1lalill~ the loarlin" of, or for pt"ohihitill" ('If
restricting the can"ial.(c of p:oocls hy, any airel"aft ;
~(JB) forcontrollinc the use or di!!opos,'\1 of. Or dealing>; in, coin which i,
le~;11 lender in the Union of Burma;
,(tC) fOI re"ulatin~ or prohibiting the lIl'e, keepill$tl movement
or disposal of animals employed in cOl1ne(.~tion with any timher
indu:>tr)' ;
IUD) for providinJ,'t or rc/-(claling water supply ao(l envil'onment"l
s.'\nitation in rural area!; ;
5(1 E) for provic1in~ or regulating the business of lakin" eOOtl~ and chattels
in pawn for 10.101 of money i
(2) for controlling the prices or rates at which lhil1J.'ts of nil}' description
may be sold or hired;
(3) f"1" controlling the utes at which ;my vessd red~tered in the Union
of Burma may he hh"ed and the t'ate~ at which per.ons 01' Uoo<Is
mny be carried in or on any snch ves!>el ;
(4) fOI" reUlllating the tettin/.! and sllu-Ietting ill any aren of resiclenlial
accommodation. whether rurnishec1 or unfurnished and wheiller
with or without board, and. in parlicnlart -
(i) for cOlltr(lllin~ the rents for such accommodation i
(H) for preventil\~ the unreasonahle eviction of tenants and suh-
ten:\nts from StIch :lccommod:llion : :lnd
(iii) for }'equiring such accomm!)(btion 10 he Icl cither S!:('n~ral1y, or to
speci6cd perSClllS or classes of pf'rsonS I or in llpecitied
circumstances;
(5) {Ol" re~ul:'tting thc carryin~ on of any nnc1crl:lkinJ,! cnJ.!;lJ.!cd in l or
capable or'doinJ,!. work appearill~ 10 the Prc.:;idcd of thc Uniroll
essenli:11 .to all}' of the abr,\'cmcntioned puq>01>c!>, OInd, ill
particular,-
(j) fol' requirin~ work to be done by an t1ndertakin~ ;
eiiJ for determininu the order oj priority in which, ane! the period or
periods within which, work shall he dOl1c hy an nndcrt.'lking :
(iii! {or c(,nh'oJling ur fixiuJ,! the chal'~es which may he made hy the
undertakers in I'CSpect of the doin" of any wOI'k by them j
(h) (or requirinl!, rCJ!lIlating 01' prohibilinJ! the p.ngaJ,lel1lcnt in the
undertaking, of any cmployee or an)' class of empln)"ecs :
h,) {or requirinl! an}' person 01' dass of persons en~au:ed ill such wnrk
to reside in and I~main within any p1:ICC specified in the nnlcr,
and to contillll~ to perform such work or such othe.. \WJrk of the
same nature as may be directed by an nuth01ity srecilied in the
ol'dcr i ,
(vi) fOI' requiring the underJ:lking to proville adeqnate ll:lfeJ!.nards
3j.!ainst sabotaJ{e, theft, 6re 01' othel' accident i
(6) fa;' reqtlirinu pel'sons earn,jng 0' an}' undcrtakinJ! to keep such
books, accounts and records relating to the undertakinu: and to
entplor such ;\ccolintinJ! and auditing 5.1;\H, ::IS may be sptcified in
the order j

I Inserted by AdS X\' and XXYI, 19'10,

In~erlcd Iw Ad XIY, 1950.
, Inscrh:d b .. Ad XLIX, 1')."0.
In~"rlcdb\" Ac! \', 1'J53.
Inurkd by Ad II, 195...
238
(7) for requiring persons c:lrryinR on, or employed in connection with,
any ullderlakil1).( to produce 10 such authority as may be sped6ed
ill the Ol"d~r any b:Joks, accounts or other docl1Inenh relating to the
ltIlderlakillUoi; :\ud f,)r reQuirinll such persons to furnish 10 sneh
:tl1thodtr as may he specified ill the order :mch estinntes,l'elm'ns,
or other information rel,llillg to the lIndeltakill~as may be speci6ed
in the order or demanded thereunder;
'(7A) (Ol" l"eqlliL'ing IlH~a<;lI1'es to he takell, as limy he specified therein, by
any person or persons for the purpose of pteventing loss of :til}'
supplies or money or ",ahlahle se..:ul'ities, helonltillg to or in the
possession 01' nnder the control (,f 01' pap\hle 10 the Cidl Supplies
Dep\l"lment, all'1. fOl" empo\\'erin),( :lolly such persOIl or rersons to
mTest without wan-ant ;
(8J {or ,lit}' incidental and supplement"r}' mailers for which the
President of the Uuion thinkli it expedient for the purposes of the
order to provide. including, in (Y.lrliclllal', the entering anel
inspection oi premi~e~ to which the order relale~ \nlh a "in\' to
St:C'lll"inj! cOll1plian.:e wil:1 che (weier;
and an order undel' this Act may prohibit the doing of anythin~ I'Cltlllated by the
order except ::ndei'. and ill acccrdanc\: with Ule cOllllitj\ ns uf, a IiCI"I\!;C granle~1
by snch '1lI1hol'i:)' ni may be specified in the ortlt:,', and l1I:ty he made so as to
apply l'ither \0 pers( ns or tllldert:tkings ~elleri\lIy Qj' to ;Uly p:lrlicu];u' person or
un(\el'takillg or cL'lsS 01 persons ot' undertakings, and either to the whole or to any
part of any undertakilll{, and so :'IS to have effcct either generally or in any
particular area,

4, If it appears to the Pl'esi lent of the Union that for m:loinhinin2 supplies
:md srl'vices eSl'cnti:lI 10 the life of the community, it is neC'css:'Iry co exercise
control ovr.r the whole or :'Inv put of :1Il existing nn..ll"r1:tkin'!, the- PrcsiJcllt of Ihe
Union ll1:ty by Ol'llcl' a,lthoril~ ;u,y p':f.,OIl (1l':lcill,lIkr rt:~..::rl'd to as au
t, anthorize<1 ~ontl'oller "/ to exercise, wilh rel1;ped 10 the undertaking or all)' P:\I't
thereof specilied ill the order, snch fnncti, us of l','nlro' :ts Illar he PI'tl\jlec1 h}' the
order, :md l'O long as an order m:dc uuder this sectic'n il' ill fon:e with l'\lspcd 10
any lIlltll!,'taking or pal" of an t1mledakin"-
(J) lhe authorized cont:-oller sh:tll exel-";isc his hl1ldions in aCl.'onlance
with any in'ltn1l.'tiolls giv..:n to him hy the Presillcnt of the Union,
so, ho\\'tver. that he shall not h:l\'e power to give an}' direclions
inconsistent with the provisions of ;IIlY Act 01' other illstruUlt'nt
delc\'mining the lunctions of the unrlertakers exccpt in so far as may
be ~~C;fiC;II1~' provided hy the orclel' : .11)(\
iZl the undert:tL:in~ 01' the p:t.1'I l'1l<.. n be c;lnied all in aCI.ordallce wilh
any diredians giwl1 hy the :mthorh:ed cOnll'Ol1er in accor(I;lllce
with the provisions of the order, and any per!\{J1l havin~ :.oy
functions of mana~enlenl in rclation to the llllderl:lkill~ (II" prlrt
!\hall comply with any such directions,
5, (1) If in the opinion of th~ Pl'e;ident of tile Union it is eXl'ec1ient so to
do for securing the puh!i.: !\''\feIY, the mlinten:lIlce of public order, or ior
maint"inin~ supplies and ser"'ices eS'lpnti,,1 to the life of the commnnity. the
PI'Csident {'If the Union Ill:l}' by ordcr in \\'rilin5! \e<.\u;sition any anim"I, prOdllCt,
or thing, :tOll 1'1'I:W mak~ ~tI\'h fnrlhl.'l' orders as ;lppe..r to the President of the
Union 10 h;> e,.. p~diell~ ill conncc~i:'I1l with the l'eqllisitionin~,

Inserttd loy Ad LXI, 19047,

 239
(2) Where the President of the Union has t"eCJtJisilioned any animl.1
proollcl, or thinU ullder sub-scction (I), the President uf Ihe UnieR may use 0;
deal with the animal, product or thill~ ill slIl.:h m:nncr as m:ty "ppear to him
to be t":'l.pedi~nt, awl may acquire it by serviug on the Owner thereor notice
slatina that the President of the Union has a(quir~d it under this Act.
Where sOl;h notice of m.quisition is. served on the ownc~l" of the animal, pro.
duct, or thing, then, at the ~&inllinl of the day on which the notice il'enled
the animal. product or thing shall vcd: in the President of the Union free f~
any mo.1iaJ{c, pledae. lien or other simibr obliJ;ltion. and the period of th~
reqttisilion thereof shall end
(3) When(;v~r in pursuance of sub-scction (1) or lOb-section (2) the
PI'eS.ident of the Union requisitions oral.:quires lUI)' ~nim:ll, product or tbill, (~
owner therelll shall l>e paid compensatiClIl to such exh::nt ...." may be dClmnin~ ill
accordnnce with the provisiol1:i which the President of the Union ahnll,..b, -Pedal
or ~eneral orc.!er, prescribe.
(4) The l'reSident of the Union II\;ly, with a 'fiew to thc lTf)uisitionitll of
any animal, product or thing, 01' the oetel1nining of the compensation pay...hle in
resped of any animal. pl'Oduct or thing which has been requisitioned, t., order--
(i) require any pen:on to furnish to sUl.:h allthority as may be $pe<:lfied in
the order such informntion in hi' poncuJ.on relatinQ; to the animal,
producl or thil1~ a!\ may be 10 IFeclficd ;
(ii) direct th:\t the owner, or penon in po$scIsioll, of the :mimal,
product or thing 5hn1l1l01, with(jut the permissionof the Prmde:nt
of the Uni!)II, dispose of it liII the expiry ot snch period as may be
specified in the order.
6. The President of Ute Union may, if in his opinion it i. opcdient 10 to
do for the VU~ of maintoaining mppliea and sc-.ices cssenlialto the Iif(' 01 the
conlmnnity, by order, prohibit or reatl'id, or impose eonditiousupon, thealanghter
at cattle and sale 01 nlt.'at of cattle in the Union of Burma or in 'an, art" thereof.
7" The ~$irtenl of the Union may by order direct lhat any ~O\\"t:I" or duty
which is 'Conlerrtd er imJ)f"Sf'd on him by thi, Act ,Iulll ifllUch ...ircllm.tanceJ :md
under such condili',"!l, if'anv, n!l may be Kpecified in the direction be elercited
or di~eharged-
(J) h, any <.>ffi.:er or authority Imbvdillale to tbe Presidtnl of the
Union, or
(6) hy an)' other nuthori{J',
8. (1) Whoc\-er t:onlr.IV~llet nn)' pl"()\ision of an)' mer, <r l:irectiOll inued
.under any order. mad!: under sections 3. 4 and S 01 this Act 511311 he ~ullith3h1e
with imprisonment which may uleud to three lean, or .\nth fine whidl may
extend to one thon;oanu rupees. or with hath,
I (Z) All things in ~pe:ct fir which an offence ~unish:thle uDder iabse:diOll

W h:l.S been committce. 5h;111 be JiaMe to conllscation by order of the Coart tr)'11I1t
the offence, .
The r~eel)t;'ldC!l, pack:tges ;lnd L"O"e:rinll of !lOCh thinlltSt and the ftuel,
vehicle or means 01 lran!lport u'lei 1,r the con'Vey.l.nee then"Of shall al~ he liable
to colllisc\tion unless the owner pro\'eS tfUlt he had no m!lnll 10 helieve lhat such
all offe11ce was lxoinlot or was likely to be committed.
(3) If any peJ"l(on contrnven~ 3ny or.ler """tie under section 6 01 this Act.
he shall he pllni~h;lble with i,llljX'isonmenl for a term which may extend to sUr:
months, 0'" wjll, line which 1111)' extelld 10 two hundred rur.e! or wilh hath.

I SuMtillited by Ad XXI, 19,H,

Amended b, Act t.."<I,I9047.
240 Essential Sul/Jlies and Sen'ius,
I i41 tn :lnv prosecution under sulJ-se<,:Uoll (1) relating, 10 a violation of :lny
direction made lllld~r allY oder issued under s~cljon 3, the burden of proving that
he has nC'lu;red lawfnlly, or has come illto :mthol'ized posses>;;ol1 of:'m essential
commoditr. shall lie on the person in whORe p~sses~bn snch commodity is founel.
E.rp/fwalioll. -A pel'soll shall b~ deemed to have <lc'l\1ired or to h,we come
into hw(ul posse;;~ion of an essential commodity only if such acquisition or
JX'~~CSSi.OIl is permitte' under a general 01' specialliccncc ;:;slle<l hy the Commis-
sioner of Civil Supplies 01' by all ol'ticcr or officers :'Iuthorizcd hr him ill his behaH.
t9. The followin:.! orders shall be deemed to continue 10 be in {o1'('e &15
if the s"id orders had b~ell made Ilnder the provisions of this Act : -
In) The Bl1I"llla RationinJ,! (Pl",p:lr:l!Mr Me:tsures) Order, 1946.
(h) The BlIl'ma HatbninJ,! Order, 1946.
Ie) The Ci\il Sllppliell Order, 1947.
(d) The Pare I' Conlrol Onlcr, 19-17.
(e) The Inl:lncl Waler Tralls~Xll"t Order,19~6.
(f, Compulsor .\' Declar.lliol1 of l'a{!<lyand Rice Stocks Order, 1946
1~1 The R0ad Transport order, 1947,
, 10, No suit, pro~ec\ltion or other pt'oceed;n.'!.! shall be instituted in any
Coul"! a~aillsl any per.ion or per"OllS illrespecl of anythillJ,! in good faith clone or
intemled toJ be dene 1I1Hlcr the provisions of this Act or allY Urder nnde under
this Act.

THE PUBLIC PROPERTY PROTECJ'ION ACf.

[BUR)IA ACT LXXXIII, 19t7.] (24th D::cemher, 1947.)

It ;s hercby enacted as follows:-
I. This Act shall remain in force until stich d:\te as the President of the
Union may hy notific:ltion <!Cl,:lafl' it to he 1:0 langei' in forec,
2, In this Act, unless there is anythinJ:!: repugn:lnt ill the subject or
eontext,-
m 'I P\lhlic propert}"" me:lIl!' :In}" store or equipment (lr :lIly olher
properly wh:ltsoe"er belonginj:! to, or consi~lle{: to, or intended for
the lise of the army, nW:l1 01' :lir forcrs sef\'ing in the
Union of BlIl'ma or helnnJ!.int:! to, or ('onsit:!ne<1 to, or inten<1erl for
the usc of, the Go,'ernmellt 01 lhe Union of Burma cr all)' loc:lI
authority ? (' ~, ,;. (, ~ cons1ittlted 11Ilder any I:lW ; ancl
(ii) .. prejudicial net " means the followill~ :lets ; -
la) any ad dir~cl1y or indirectly connected wilh, or reblinj:! to. :lny
tmlawful :letidty h:ldnR for its ohject the smllRJtling.of :my

I loserh:d by Act V.I948.

In section Q,dl\\1sc:s (fl,lf). ti' ;tnd "l w~re dd~led. alld cll"ses 1M and (kl re-lettered as 'fl
a'ld ((I, res{'CctinI .... by Aet XIII. 1951.
s Ins<'rh.'d by Ad I.XXX. It)~7.
Insert~d by Ad I.XI. 1917.
Deleted fly Act X\'U. 1951.
 241

property in and out of the Union of Burma in contravention of

import and export orders and rules duly made by the Govern-
mcnt umlcl' the (, * * I Control of Imports and Exportl
(Tl:mporary) Act, 1947; or
~b) ;UI\" :let which directly or indirectlY nbets or incites or f~ililntes
tlte commis:;ion of any offence in respect of any Public property
or lhe conlnwcntion of any rule or order made uncleI' this Act,
the ~, ... .:. * I Control of Imports and Exports (Temporary)
Act, 1947, the Public Utilities Pmtection Act, 1941, the [Foreian
Exchang~ Hegulation Act. 1947JI the Essential Supplies ':!.nd
ServiCe:; Act. 1947 ; or
(el an\' wilful nCj.{lir.enct', mismanagement or default on the put of a
pel"lOOn who has,.or has had, the custody, charf:!c or control of
nny Public property, resultin~ directly or indireclly in 10SI,
rletC'riorati{ 11 or deslruction of any !>lIch Public property;
(dJ nnd dealing hy any perse n directly or indirectly in any Public
~ropelty which wves rise to a sUlpicion that the person
concerned Ins obtained mch Public property either by
commission of theft. misappropriation, miSChief, breach of trust
or b)' any Wrongful means,
3. If any person linds any Public property w.hich he has cause to believe
to hav~ been lost or abandoned ,lnd that, prior to the losl or abandonment, wal
in the p,>s.'lession of a p~rSOn who was ~erving with all Olrmed (orce or under the
Gave: nment, the person so lindin" such property-
(al shall report the natore and :.ituation thereof. or jf stich property is
a docnmeut, cause it to be delivered to l:iome member of the army,
naval or ai; forces servil1~ in the Union of Burma 011 duty in the
neighholl1'hood, or to theOilicel'-in-Charge of a police Itation in
the Ilehthhourhood; or it such property is found outside the Union
of Burma, shall take snch steps as are pradicahlt' to secure that
-the, nature and situation thereof arc reported, or, if such property
is a document, that it is delivered as soon as rna)' be, to some
person in ti.e :<ervice of Ihe Go\"emment ; 3nd
(bl :;h ill 1101, lIwe .19 afores:l.id, remove Ol' tOlll.lpt'r with such properly,
except wilh the permission of the President of the Uniol.l .
... The Prtl:iidcnt of the Union m,ly by order direct that the obligltioJ1 and
re,tric;ions ill1j)o.{cd bv !>Cdion J shall not :'Ipply to any Public properl)' of
such dcsc:j pHon .1S m:w be llipecifiecl therein or as m ly be Ip:~cified by luch
:I.uthorit)' :l.,1li the Prc'$ident of the Union m.l) aPaloinl in Ihis behalf.

s. If any per;ion contravent:s any of the provisions of section J, he shall

be liunbhable with' impri~onment fol' ,I. term which may extend to .is months, or
with line. 01' with both.

6. U) Sol\\'lthstanding anything contained in any ,)Iher law for the time

heing ill force, if allY persl)n is in unauthorized possession of allY Public properly,
or cOln'11ih thdt, mi,npprorriati"l1 or mi,chi~f in respect o( any Public property,
he shall he. PUlli51~ah!c with i~prisonm.t:nt (or iI term which may c:xtend to seven
years, or \\'Ith W[llPPlnl.!, or wIth both Imprisonment and \\"bippin~. and shlln also
be liahle to line.

I Ddeted by th: (;ni.:>n of R,rnu.IAdaplalion of Law.I Order .~

1 Inserted by A.:t X\IJ,l9SI. .

16
747 Public Proj1erly Projection.

(2) In any prosecution under !Iub-seclion (J) the but"den of proving th1t the
posse~$ion is authorized shall lie on the person in whose posse$'iion any such
Public prnpcrty is found.
7. (ll AllY police officer not below the rank of a sllb.inspecto~ or any
other oAker of Govet'nlnenl empowered in this 1'oehalf by general or specIal order
by the President of the Union may, with the j,Jril)r approval of such aulho\;ly as
may be prescdbed by the President of the Union, arrest without warrant any
perjOn whom he su...pccl:i o[ h:lvin~ cmnmitted or of committin~ any of t1~e
offel1":c:> mcnti~~n:.1 ill sub-section {I) of section 6 in respect of any' Pubhc
properly.
'(2) Any effie.:r authori1.ed in this b::h:llf hy ~ener.1I or special oreler by the
President of t!lC Union may :ll-rt:st without warrant any person whom he suspects
of haviAA \:ommiUed or of commitlillj! any prejudicial act ;
'IZA) Any officer authorized in this ~half by general or special order hy the
President of the Unioll, may, if he is Sltisfied \\ilh respect to any particular person
that circumstances exist which render it necessary to arrest him with a view to
prev('ntill~ him from committing any offence mentioned in section 6 (lJ or an
C'ffcllc~ of criminal breach ot tl'USt in respect of any Public property. or any
pl-ejudicial act, tlo so without warrant:
(3) Any oOker who makes an arrest in pursuance of ,ub-section (1)
or sub~ction (Z) [or sub section (ZAI or who m~kes an arrest for an offence
of criminal hrf':\ch of h-mt in respect of any Public properly)1 shall forth-
with l"eport the (act of sl1t;h arrest to the President of the Uuion, and pendiuJ!
the re\:eipt of the ol'ders of the President of the Union. he may. by an order in
wnlin~. commit any pt:TSOll so arrested to such custody as the President of lhe
Union m:\~', by general or special order, specify:
Provided-
(i) that no pel'SOIl shAI: be det:\ined in cnstody under this sub-section for
:\ Pt~riod exceedinFl: fifteen days without the order of the
President of the Union i
(ji) that no person shall he detained in custody under this sub-sectiC"n for
a period excee(lin~ six months.
(4) If any person arrested under subsection fI) or subsection (2) is
prepared to furnish secm'ity, the offio.;tr who has arrested him may, subject to such
gener.II or special instructions as may from time to time be iS~lled by the President
of the Union or any perSOIl authorize. I hy the Prc,id.:nt of the Union in Ihis
behalf, rel~ak him 011 his elC~l\tinl.! :1 b JIll!. will_ 1I1' Wllhollt sureties, underlakinj.!
that he will \:Cllfonll to ,"ucll condiliom. or directions as the President of the
Union may from time to time makoe.
1(5) Oll r~ct::pt of all~' report ma.lc: uncleI' subs~clion (3). the PI'esident of
the Union may, b)' order, direct. suhject to the second proviso to subsection (3).
that a ~rson arrested under this s~ctioll be det:tined for sucb period as be may
deem Ilt."l"csgry for the purpose of maJ..;n~ an in\"esti~ation,
(6- \\'hen ~curity has been taken in pnrsuance of the provisions of sub
section (4), the b)lId sh;IU be .deemed 10 be a l-ond taken under the Code of
Criminal Procel!lUe by the District Magistrate ha.ving jurisdictioll in the a~a in
resped of which the said security has hten taken and the provisions of section
SH of the COOt of Criminal Procedure shall apply accorC:in2Iy.
I(n The order of rtettntion 1lll,Ier Hll1section ($l shall not be deemed to

-
authorize the con:inl1t;d detention of the person in respect of whom it had bf'en
I S'lbitituted hy Ad X\II. 19~1 and
I JD~t'rtt'd by Ad XLIII, 1951.
SllbStil~It'~ 'bid,
~llb$t'~llt'nUy by :\ct ;-':'Lln, 1951.
. .
 Public Proterly Pro/cctitrA, 243
made after he h sent lip for trial before any competent Court; hut the Court
hefore which the trial or enquiry is held, shallllot release llic accused on bail
unle~s ~t is established that thc accusee', if released on bail. is not likdy to suborn
any WltlltSS 01' e;\IIn~ lhl' tliS;ll-peamllCl' of any evidence or secret or destroy any
dOCllmellt whkh may he used as cvh~ence OIg:linst him,

8, (1) Nutwilh~taudil'A ilnrthillJ.( eeJlllailled in any olher law lor the time
bt.ing in forcc, where any person is al'rested or ddained under section 7, the
InspeL:lorGt'neral of Police. or the (;ollunis::tioner of Police, Rangoon. or an)-'
other (JAkcl' (f Ih~ GnWrnll1ellt empowered by the President of the Union in this
behalf" mar, it' he lllillks lit so 10 c!o,-
{d) inspect 01' l~at1Se. in \ITitinJ.(, to he inspecte<.l, by an officer not below
the r-,ok of District Superintendent of Police wholie name is
specified therein, allY book 1Jelonf{illJ.( to, or under the conh'ol of. a
bank; or
(b) direct the manager Ot' n~ent of the hank to supply a certified copy of
nny entry in the book of the bank or ~ive nny infMmalion in the
posse~sion of the bank. relntinu 10 the nccount of stich person [or
to anr olht:r person dependent (II him, or relating to nny property
kept in the snfe cll~toclr of the r;Jnk in the name of such pertol1
or of "111y other person dependent lin llim) l ; or
(d prohibit the manager 01' n5i(ent of the bank from m:lkin~ nny payment
from the nm( unl It:l.nding to the credit of such perscn [or of tiny
other person dependent on him or flom deliveriuu ,my J'!roperty
kept ill the safe custody of the hank in the name of such pel'son or
any other peI'lOIl dependent on him,]l \dthout all order ill writinJ.(
of the officer mnkinR the prohibition.
(11 The expressions "bank" nnd'" cel'tilied copy" sbflll have the saine
meaLJin/.!:s all are assilXnecl to them tinder the Bankers' Books Evidence Act.
(3) If the manaJ.(er or a~ent of a bank, as the case may bej fails or refuses
to allow inspectir," of.all" h')ok uelnnJ.(in!-! to. or under the control ot', the bank, or
to comply with :lIlV direc"tioll or prohibition issued, uncleI' lillbsecllon (J), he shall
be liable to pUllishment with imprisonment of a term which may extel1d to three
years, 01' with line. or with both,

9, Any pel'SOIl who attempts to contravene, or abets, or' attempts to abet,

or does any act preparatory to. a contravention of any of the provisions of this
Act, shall he deemed to have contravened that provision.

10, ([1 No suit. prosecution or other le/.!:'ll proceedinJ.:sshalllie l"l!-!ainst any

person for anythillJ.( which is in gO:ld faith done or intended to be done in
pursuance of thi!> Al:t.
(21 Save ns olherwi!;e expressly provided under this Act, no suit or other
legnl proceeding shall lie ag-ninst the Government for any damage cal,sed or likely'
to be caused by anything done or intended to be done in pursuance of this Act.

t I, The State Property Protection Act. 1947. Burma Act No, XLIII of
19-17, is herepr l'epealed ; hut notwithstanclins,: such repeal:lnything purported to
be done or nlly nction purported to hr takeu in exercbe nl nny power conferred
by or under the sairl Ad shall be deemed lo have het'n dOl1e or taken in exercise
of the powers under this Act,
"
I lDserted by Act XVII, 19$1,
 244
mE SEARCH (SPECIAL POWER) Aer.

I BURMA ACT t~xxv. 1947.1 (30th December, 1941.)

It is !1I~reby enacted as folloWll : -
I. This Act "h ,II remai1l' in force unlil such date as the President of the
Union may b)' nolihc:\tion dedm:e it to be no longer in force.
2. In this Act. unless th~re is :In)"thin~ repuJ(nant in the subject or
contex-t,-
W "vehicle" me.lns any vehicle used, or c'\pahle of being used, for tbe
purpose of roalt transrJOrt. whether propelled by mechanical power
or rlhcn\"i!IC, and whether used for drnwin~ other vehicles or
otherwise. and incillde5 a tram-car :\nd a trotley-vebic1e ; :lnd
liil .t pl:t....\: . includes:l house, 1xli1dinJ.:. tent, ,"chicle and aircrnlt.
3. (/) 'fIle PI"esidenl of the Union may by gcneml or special order
empower :lny persOIl to-
In) stop and search :loy vessel found in inland waterway!\ or ;,my
vehicle;
(b: search any pLlce or person, and seize anythinlt which he has realon
10 helieve has tx-en, is beinJ!:, or is about to be, used for any
purpose prejudicial to the maintenance of public lafet), or order, or
of the ~pplies or ~rvic('s essential 10 the life of the community, or
whkh 1;lelonJ.!!l to Government :md in respect of which an offence
has been, is heing. or is about to be committed.
(21 An~' person empowered nndersnb-section (1) shall forthwith report to
the f"rcsirlcnt of the Union in del:til :lny seizure rnade br him and. pendin~ the
receir! of his orders, mar detO"lin in custody anythin~ so seized or t:tke such other
order lor its s,'\fe custod)" as he mO"lr think proper.
(3) Anything Sf'ized by a pa"SC'n enwowered under sub-stclion UI shall be
dispo~d of in !Ouch manner as the Pr('sident d the Union may direct.
(41 A rerSOn t"mpowere<l br the President Qf the Union under ,ob'!lection
(J) may authorb:e anr other person to exercise like paY-'era 10 his own in the
whole or any part of the area in resped of which the Pruirlent of the Union has
empowered him .
. The President o the U.lioll m'\y hy order direcl.that any power which
i!l conferrer! upon him by subsection~ (I) .l.nd (3) of section 3 shall, suhiect to
such c.,)ndition,\ a~ m.\\, he specified therein. h; t:xerdsed by such olnl:cr or
authorily as he Illay s~cify.

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Air r'uf(;c (Di.clrlillt) Ad, Burml' IVA 12"

..
."-if "'",TCC: lDiliCirlincl Act. HUTma Vollantt'cr tVA

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,\rlllS Act - ... IVn
Arms ITell'l'urar, Amtndn,cllt) Act IV."
An"Y A~'t. !:lllrma ... . . IV."
Army ~usl'cnsiotl of tienleul'es ....d. UUFlu;a
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'VA
I\'A
IV."
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H;ankcr,' Boab hllr..:dioll Ad
Ilunna Air "-liKe {DioeirllneJ Act ...
1\'8
I\'A '"
235
Rum,a .,rmy Act ..
Hurm;l Armv l)l.ttprnsloll of SnIlc\lcc:& A~t
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1\'."
J20
I

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R"rma Amtiliuy 1:'01''':'' Ad .. IVA
R~rllla Milit."\,." Nuuing Service Ad I\'A
1I1111ua Naval biliclrllne Ad ... , . I\'A 1S1
Burma :";0.... 1Vol,mlcer ,",,,.,,rye (Di.dl"linel Ad '\'A
Burma. Ollo.:ial Secr"t, Acl
ijunn; Rt:.crvc )o'OI1:C$ Ad
1\'8
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B"rma. ,"ohmlcer Air "'or~ (DitciJllinel Ad IVA
Dclcn..:c Act, \\'ork. 01 . I\',A
Ui..eirlinc Act, RUfina N:wal .. .. '\'A '52
fOil;iplincl Act, Burnla Now...1 "lJluutcc, Rcaen-c I\"A 1,1
lDi...:iplintl .~('1. Kurma Air fo'nrc"

..
1\'A J20

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IDild(\lincl Act, I~\,rllla ,'oi""tecr Air "'o"'e "A
fo;ncnlbl SuI'l'licuKl J:icniQ:lI .\.:, 1\'.8
fo;xrl<.JS"~ Suhsbnc" Ad I\'-I:J
E"rubin" of (Jl1endcD An "'8 206
In~['CClinn Ad, Banke.... Boob
LiliJ.:atinn Ael. ~Idic,", .. _ '''8 '"
""A 58
Mllibrv Nur~in:.! Scoic... Ad, R,nma

.,
"'A It.
Xaul Armament Ad I\'A
Nal'al Uiscipline Act, B"rma...
)/Il'al "tll"nleu Rc.crvc IDi!Ki(\lind Acl, Burma
...
... IVA
I\'A "
'52
N"...inJ!. Service Ad, AlIrm:t. Military
Offcndcfl Act, E"I'1l1~Wn of
Official SeerclS Act. Burma
l\"A
"'R
1\'1i .,
II.
206
PII:kctinll Acl ".
Prtss (Emcrltcr..:y l'o\\'c,,) Acl
Pre~~ (nc~I'tralin,,) Ac-t
Prntcetion Ad, PuNic l'ropoerh"
1\'11
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1\'8
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Proledion .\cl. PuNic tllilitia ...
{Protediun in Chil Emrlovmcollll Ad. Volllnlce, "orcC'.
1\'8
I\'A ".".
Public Or1er (Presc:rvaUnnl."......
Public Pn>perty Protection Ad
1\'.11
1"8 ".
".
Public l'lilil~ Prol('('U"n Act ...
Rcoqllisilionln;:. (EmC'rlC'llCy Provl.ions) Act
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Search (special Po'A-C'rl Act
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Soldiers Lilication Ad
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S"spentlOl'l 1 Sentence. Ad. Burma Army IVA
Territori...1 "'oree Ad. Burm;a
'-nlawful AsaociatiOll$ Ad
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V... lnlllttr Air Forcc {Obcirllnc} Act, Rurma ... ..,
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